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period

The period (also known as a full stop, especially in British English) is a punctuation mark ( . ) primarily used to indicate the end of a sentence. It appears as a single dot on the bottom line of the text, and it comes immediately after the last word of the sentence without a space.

period

, in physics

period, in physics: see harmonic motion; wave.

period

, in geologic time

period, unit of time on the geologic timescale. Periods are shorter than an era and longer than an epoch. Periods are of variable length, generally lasting tens of millions of years, with characteristic fossils found preserved in the sediments deposited during the period. It is also used to designate a characteristic of geologic time, such as the glacial period.

period

The time interval between two successive and similar phases of a regularly occurring event. The period of rotation or of revolution of a planet, etc., is the time to complete one rotation on its axis or one revolution around its primary. The period of a binary star is the time observed for the companion to orbit the primary. The period of a regular intrinsic variable star or an eclipsing binary is the time between two successive maxima or minima on the light curve.

Collins Dictionary of Astronomy © Market House Books Ltd, 2006

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased.

Period

in music, a structural unit that expresses a complete or relatively complete musical idea. Usually, a period consists of two parts (phrases), each made up of four or eight measures that differ in their cadences (a half cadence in the first phrase and a perfect cadence in the second).

Period

(postroenie), in music, a term that is applicable to any section of a musical form that is structurally distinct from adjacent sections. Usually the term is applied to sections intervening between the main elements of a musical form—for example, sections larger than a phrase but smaller than a sentence. Often, a period is designated by the number of measures it includes (two-measure, four-measure and seven-measure periods, for example). The point of demarcation, or boundary between periods, is called a caesura. Usually the larger the periods, the more important is the caesura dividing them.

Period

a punctuation mark that indicates the end of a declarative sentence. When used in such abbreviations as “i.e., ” the period is not a punctuation mark.

period

[′pir·ē·əd]

(astronomy)

The average time interval for a variable star to complete a cycle of its variations.

(chemistry)

A family of elements with consecutive atomic numbers in the periodic table and with closely related properties; for example, chromium through copper.

(geology)

A unit of geologic time constituting a subdivision of an era; the fundamental unit of the standard geologic time scale.

(mathematics)

A number T such that ƒ(x + T) = ƒ(x) for all x, where ƒ(x) is a specified function of a real or complex variable.

The period of an element a of a group G is the smallest positive integer n such that a ⁿis the identity element; if there is no such integer, a is said to be of infinite period.

(nucleonics)

The time required for exponentially rising or falling neutron flux in a nuclear reactor to change by a factor of e (2.71828).

(physics)

The duration of a single repetition of a cyclic phenomenon.

period

1. a nontechnical name for an occurrence of menstruation

2. Geology a unit of geological time during which a system of rocks is formed

3. a division of time, esp of the academic day

4. Physics Maths

a. the time taken to complete one cycle of a regularly recurring phenomenon; the reciprocal of frequency.

b. an interval in which the values of a periodic function follow a certain pattern that is duplicated over successive intervals

5. Astronomy

a. the time required by a body to make one complete rotation on its axis

b. the time interval between two successive maxima or minima of light variation of a variable star

6. Chem one of the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table. Each period starts with an alkali metal and ends with a rare gas

7. a complete sentence, esp a complex one with several clauses

8. Music a passage or division of a piece of music, usually consisting of two or more contrasting or complementary musical phrases and ending on a cadence

9. (in classical prosody) a unit consisting of two or more cola

Collins Discovery Encyclopedia, 1st edition © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

References in periodicals archive ?

exclusivity period, however, a generic company can apply for its ANDA

Test Data Protection: Different Approaches and Implementation in Pharmaceuticals

(21) The FTC concluded that a 12-year exclusivity period, in addition to the above-mentioned factors that delay FOB market share, could harm consumers by further postponing the availability of affordable biological drugs.

Faster regulatory path for follow-on biologics is a win for pharma: a number of factors suggest that the approval pathway for follow-on biologics has been a significant regulatory victory for pioneer drug makers. Some experts have argued that the existence of this new regulatory pathway increases the likelihood that such affordable drugs will become available, which provides some hope for patients

Finally, without a pre-approval patent resolution process and Hatch-Waxman type incentives to file FOB applications early to claim a marketing exclusivity period, biologic drug patents will not be degraded and will continue to incentivize biotechnology innovation.

Follow-on biologic drug competition--no need for new marketing exclusivities

PBR said it had also agreed with its lenders to extend a short-term funding agreement to the end of the exclusivity period, adding that the purchaser had agreed to provide additional working capital during the period, which would be paid back in the event that the sale did not go through.

Brothers get first refusal on bars

In a statement released in early March the association said "Authorized generics devalues the 180-day exclusivity period by destroying the incentive for generic companies to challenge patents."

"Authorized generics"--the next battle ground?

However, generic drugs may be tested and marketed before the end of the exclusivity period. In addition, the legislation provides a new, clearer definition of generic medicines and "bio-similar" medicinal products.

Europe

Receivers KPMG today said an "exclusivity period" for talks with a buyer for Hibernia Foods had ended without result and it was again opening up discussions with several prospective buyers.

Workers' job fears

Pubmaster, which is worth around pounds 250 million excluding debt, has granted Punch a two-week exclusivity period in which to negotiate a deal, according to a source close to both companies.

Punch gets first hit at Pubmaster

"Requesting an extension of the exclusivity period is routine during Chapter 11 cases," said Kenneth Hill, the company's chief restructuring officer.

Hayes Lemmerz extends Plan of Reorganization period. (North America)

Because this lawsuit commenced prior to the end of the New Chemical Entity exclusivity period for PROVIGIL and within 45 days of the date of notice by a generic company, the 30-month stay effectively begins at the expiration of the NCE exclusivity period on December 24, 2003.

Cephalon files narcolepsy patent infringement lawsuit

The private equity firm has been given a short exclusivity period to conclude due diligence and strike a deal.

Bidding for BCE Inc.'s directory gets competitive. (Deals in the Headlines)

"Some people argue that the exclusivity period for the debtor to file a plan must have expired, which gives anybody out there the Opportunity to let the market pay more for what the company's worth."

Prescriptions for bankruptcy: "The code" can offer substantial protection for SNE owners. (Finance)

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