Browse a full set of economic indicators

Ghana

Includes historical data for Ghana’s Gross Domestic Product growth, debt-to-GDP ratio and more, as well as information on trade, banking and financial sector leadership.

Political Stability And Mineral Wealth Underpin Economic Strength

Situated on the Atlantic Ocean and bordered by Togo, Côte d’Ivoire and Burkina Faso, Ghana is known for its stable multi-party democracy, independent judiciary and active civil society, consistently ranking among the top African countries for freedom of speech and press. Ghana has a market-based system and welcomes foreign investment. Its primary commodities—gold, cocoa, and more recently, oil and gas—are the cornerstone of its economy and have fueled significant economic growth.

However, Ghana faces several challenges. Its economy’s dependence on primary commodities makes it vulnerable to global downturns and price fluctuations. The fragile banking sector, burdensome bureaucracy and lack of transparency, infrastructure gaps and intermittent power and water supply, further stifle economic progress and hinder private sector initiatives. Additionally, security threats, including jihadist infiltration in the north and separatist tendencies on the eastern border with Togo, add to the country’s difficulties.

Macroeconomy & Sovereign Data

Type of Government Presidential republic
Capital Accra
Sovereign Ratings S&P: Selective default
Moody’s: Ca
Fitch: Restricted default
Total Population 33.7 million
Median Age 20.9
Adult Per Capita Income (PPP) 10,925.84
Total GDP (2023) 75.2 billion

Ghana GDP & Economic Overview

Most Recent Content

Banking & Finance

Trade & Investment

Total Exports USD 21.4 billion (2023)
Leading Exports Gold
Crude Petroleum
Cocoa Products
Cashews
Manganese 
Total Imports USD 23.6 billion (2022)
Leading Imports Refined Petroleum
Cars
Rice
Delivery Trucks
Iron
Source: World Integrated Trade Solution

Ghana Leading Companies

GCB Bank Financials
Ghana Oil Oil & Gas Distribution & Marketing
Gold Fields Ghana Materials, Metals & Mining
Ashanti Goldfields Materials, Metals & Mining
Wilmar Africa Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail
Volta River Authority Utilities
Accra Brewery Company Consumer Staples, Brewers

Major Trade Partners — Import

China 18%
United States 9%
United Kingdom 7%
India 6%
Belgium 5%

Source: World Integrated Trade Solution

Major Trade Partners — Export

China 17%
Switzerland 15%
India 14%
South Africa 12%
Netherlands 6%

Source: World Integrated Trade Solution


Data Sources:

IMF World Economic Outlook

UN World Population Prospects

World Inequality Report

S&P Global Ratings

Moody’s

Fitch Ratings

IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS)

UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

CIA The World Factbook

World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution

Forbes Global 2000

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