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ACRP Web-Only Document 62 |
Understanding Airport Air
Quality and Public Health
Studies Related to
Airports
SECOND EDITION
Maureen Mullen
Charlotte O’Donnell
Lige Han
Cory Cook
Margaret Zenke
SC&A, Inc.
Arlington, VA
Update to ACRP Report 135 for ACRP Project 02-95
Submitted May 2024
ACRP
Web-Only Document 62
Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports
SECOND EDITION
Maureen Mullen
Charlotte O’Donnell
Lige Han
Cory Cook
Margaret Zenke
SC&A, Inc.
Arlington, VA
Update to ACRP Report 135 for ACRP Project 02-95
Submitted May 2024
© 2024 by the National Academy of Sciences. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the graphical logo are trademarks of the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). It was conducted through the Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP), which is administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein.
Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for-profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, APTA, FAA, FHWA, FTA, GHSA, or NHTSA endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP.
Epub ISBN: 978-0-309-72361-9
DISCLAIMER
The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; or the program sponsors.
The Transportation Research Board does not develop, issue, or publish standards or specifications. The Transportation Research Board manages applied research projects which provide the scientific foundation that may be used by Transportation Research Board sponsors, industry associations, or other organizations as the basis for revised practices, procedures, or specifications.
The Transportation Research Board, the National Academies, and the sponsors of the Airport Cooperative Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report.
The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.
The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.
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Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.
COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS
CRP STAFF FOR ACRP WEB-ONLY DOCUMENT 62
Waseem Dekelbab, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs
Marci A. Greenberger, Manager, Airport Cooperative Research Program
Joseph D. Navarrete, Senior Program Officer
Stephanie L. Campbell, Senior Program Assistant
Natalie Barnes, Director of Publications
Heather DiAngelis, Associate Director of Publications
Jennifer J. Weeks, Publishing Projects Manager
ACRP PROJECT 02-95 PANEL
Field of Environment
Ryan Dittoe, Mead & Hunt, Inc., Chicago, IL (Chair)
Anthony Bernheim, San Francisco International Airport, San Francisco, CA
Xiaobo Liu, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, New York, NY
Barbara Morin, Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management (NESCAUM), Boston, MA
Pamela Vanderbilt, Jacobs, Jenner, CA
Alan W. Strasser, FAA Liaison
Melinda Z. Pagliarello, Airports Council International–North America Liaison
Kenneth Davidson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Liaison
AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This report builds upon and updates ACRP Report 135: Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports, prepared for the ACRP in 2015. The authors of that report are acknowledged here, as much of their original work is included in this current report. They are Brian Kim, Kazumi Nakada, and Roger Wayson (Wyle, Inc.); Simon Christie, Christopher Paling, Michael Bennett, and David Raper (Manchester Metropolitan University); Virginia Raps (Environmental Research Sciences); Jonathan Levy (Newton, MA); and Christopher Roof (Volpe Center). It should be noted that none of these researchers have been consulted on, involved in, approved of, or are responsible for any of the updates to Report 135 contained in this current report.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 2: Relevant Air Quality Standards and Regulations
2.2 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
2.4 General and Transportation Conformity
2.5 Stationary Source Emissions Standards and Permits
2.6 Mobile Source Emissions Standards
2.7 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
2.8 Environmental Justice (EJ)
CHAPTER 3: Airport Air Quality Background
3.1 Airport Source Characteristics
3.2 Source Emissions Contributions
3.6 Mitigation Measures for Airport Source Emissions
3.7 Airport Emissions and Dispersion Modeling Capabilities
3.8 Air Quality Measurement Capabilities
3.9 Aircraft LTO Versus Cruise Emissions Impacts
CHAPTER 4: Air Quality Health Impacts and Risks
4.1 Pollutant Health Impacts Overview
CHAPTER 5: Current Understanding of Airport-Related Air Quality and Health Impacts
5.1 What Pollutants Are of Most Concern at an Airport?
5.2 What Are the Airport Contributions to Local Air Quality and Health Impacts?
CHAPTER 7: Recommendations for Future Research
APPENDIX A: Literature Review Summary and References
APPENDIX B: Literature Review Summary and References from ACRP Report 135
