Nnaemeka Enemchukwu

This paper examines the role and significance of the Niger Bridge during the Nigeria-Biafra war, which lasted between 1967 and 1970. The war resulted in devastating effects such as violence, displacement, and economic disruptions. However, the Niger Bridge emerged as a symbol of resilience and strategic importance. It served as a crucial lifeline for the Igbo people, who constituted the majority population of the secessionist state of Biafra, enabling the movement of people, goods, and supplies… Show more

This paper examines the role and significance of the Niger Bridge during the Nigeria-Biafra war, which lasted between 1967 and 1970. The war resulted in devastating effects such as violence, displacement, and economic disruptions. However, the Niger Bridge emerged as a symbol of resilience and strategic importance. It served as a crucial lifeline for the Igbo people, who constituted the majority population of the secessionist state of Biafra, enabling the movement of people, goods, and supplies in the face of blockades imposed by the Nigerian government. The bridge's destruction had severe socio-economic consequences, including the breakdown of trade networks, food shortages, inflation, and the collapse of local industries. The paper also explores the post-war reconstruction efforts and highlights the symbolic significance of the Niger Bridge in the process of reconciliation between Nigeria and Biafra. The reconstruction not only aimed to restore critical infrastructure but also acted as a tangible symbol of unity, healing, and trust-building between the previously warring factions. By analyzing the Niger Bridge in the context of the Nigeria-Biafra war, this paper offers insights into the dynamics of the conflict, the employed military strategies, and the socio-economic impact on the affected populations. It emphasizes the vital role of infrastructure in shaping the outcomes of war and conflict, shedding light on the broader significance of such infrastructure in conflict zones worldwide. Show less

The thirty-month war between Nigeria and Biafra which wreaked havoc and brought Nigeria on the brink of division and non-existence of itself have been examined in the context of causes, course, major actors, violence, and outcome. Yet, the issue of post-civil war reconciliation remains one of the most heated debates about the civil war. The present-day Nigeria political mainstream has not addressed the issues of reintegration of the Igbo into the fabric of the nation, and it does not seem as… Show more

The thirty-month war between Nigeria and Biafra which wreaked havoc and brought Nigeria on the brink of division and non-existence of itself have been examined in the context of causes, course, major actors, violence, and outcome. Yet, the issue of post-civil war reconciliation remains one of the most heated debates about the civil war. The present-day Nigeria political mainstream has not addressed the issues of reintegration of the Igbo into the fabric of the nation, and it does not seem as though they would in the nearest possible future. However, it has been argued that after the war, the Federal Military Government under Gowon did everything to rebuild the already severed relationship between the people of defunct Biafra and the rest of Nigeria. On the other side of the argument are scholars who contend that the Gowon's 3Rs-Reconciliation, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation were mere caricature and were never carried out to the latter. It is in this light of contestations that this paper, using secondary sources, evaluates the post-civil war Nigeria in relation to the feeling of marginalisation among the Igbo. The paper finds that there were concerted efforts by the Gowon's regime to rebuild the Igbo after the war but varying challenges, especially the absence reintegration efforts, thwarted the move, defeated the aim and laid the foundation for the victimisation of the Igbo in Nigeria. Hence, it advances the argument that the seeds of Gowon's policy of 3Rs are largely responsible for recent resurgence of agitation-groups in all parts of Nigeria especially in the southeastern part. Show less

The study is on an indigenous fabric design known as Kampala. It is all about batik, tie-dye, and all kind of dye works. I investigated into its origin in Nigeria and how it is being made in traditional seven steps.

Nigeria is a country where culture and arts are seen and perceived in every given space.
At every given opportunity, Nigeria displays its vast arrays of culture and arts. From festivities,
to cuisines, to sense of fashion, to the designs of homes and surroundings, to acts of spirituality,
Nigerians are notoriously cultural and art conscious. In this article, I argued how Nigeria's art and culture is a neglected goldmine, and how the Nigerian government and stakeholders can tap into its… Show more

Nigeria is a country where culture and arts are seen and perceived in every given space.
At every given opportunity, Nigeria displays its vast arrays of culture and arts. From festivities,
to cuisines, to sense of fashion, to the designs of homes and surroundings, to acts of spirituality,
Nigerians are notoriously cultural and art conscious. In this article, I argued how Nigeria's art and culture is a neglected goldmine, and how the Nigerian government and stakeholders can tap into its rich arrays of wealth. Show less

An in-depth analysis of the importance of getting a foreign education as a Nigerian.

The paper centred on the circle of events that stems from climate change. It argued that conflicts precipitated by scarcity is orchestrated by global warming and ozone layer depletion.

Resource wars is in transformation. Or rather, has transformed. The rising conflicts over resources among competing groups has bedevilled world peace, thus making several interest groups, internationally and locally, to look into causations for resource wars. Resource wars is not new to us, it has a long history, as far back as the wandering band era. Then, people fought over resources to survive, even in the midst of plenteous agricultural forests and endless lakes. Further, the act of… Show more

Resource wars is in transformation. Or rather, has transformed. The rising conflicts over resources among competing groups has bedevilled world peace, thus making several interest groups, internationally and locally, to look into causations for resource wars. Resource wars is not new to us, it has a long history, as far back as the wandering band era. Then, people fought over resources to survive, even in the midst of plenteous agricultural forests and endless lakes. Further, the act of fighting over resources was anchored on survival of the fittest and the shift from communal living, and later in nineteenth century Europe, a show of supremacy and imperial power, a period of continental anarchy. However, this has changed dramatically. With the presence of a sophisticated global peacekeeping body, the United Nations, and other networks of similar organizations, resource wars has grown worst. It is in this situation that this study examines resource wars in the international system. It argues climate change and global warming has transformed wars over resources. It concluded that the shape and terrain in which humans relates with the environment and its effects afterwards will determine the core foreign-policy challenge in the coming years in this twenty-first century. Show less