3G
Ing International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000), mas balu ra keng aus a 3G o ikatlung Generasiun, meutng yang famila a iley o batayan (standards) para kareng mobile telecommunications a lalarawan ning International Telecommunication Union,[1] nung nu kayabe la reng GSM EDGE, UMTS, ampong CDMA2000 at makanyan mu rin deng DECT ampong WiMAX. Ding kayang susuyuan kayabe la reng wide-area wireless a siuala telepanu, aud pangvideo, ampong alangkuryenting data, lat(eganagana) king maski nokarin a likas (mobile environment). Nung kumpara keng 2G ampong 2.5G a suyu, Ing 3G papabustan na ing agnanagnan a pamanyalita ampong suyu keng data ampong mas matas a pulayi keng data (anggang 14.0 Mbit/s keng downlink ampong 5.8 Mbit/s keng uplink kambe ning HSPA+). Inya, deng gagamit keng 3G networks, dirinan no reng network operators mas maleparan a gamit ampong mas matas a suyu kabang akakua ra ing mas dakal a capacidad kapamilatan ning masmasanting a spectral efficiency.
Ing International Telecommunication Union (ITU) pemamasala na na ing pangatlung generasiun (3G) da ring apidaladalang telepanung iley (mobile telephony standards) – IMT-2000 – ing apabilis ing pamanadagul, irakal ing bandwidth, ampong sopan la reng masa dakal a mialiwang klasing gamitin (applications). Alimbawa, ing GSM (ing kasalungsungan pekabantug a cellular phone standard) malyari yang magdalang emu siuala, dapot ita mu rin circuit-switched data a atin download a pulayi a 14.4 kbps. Dapot para a supportan ing mobile multimedia applications, ing 3G dapat yang magdalang packet-switched data masmasanting a spectral efficiency, king mas dakal bandwidths.Template:Dubious
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Pamanalkus papuntang 4G
[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 are currently working on further extensions to 3G standards, named Long Term Evolution and Ultra Mobile Broadband, respectively. Being based on an all-IP network infrastructure and using advanced wireless technologies such as MIMO, these specifications already display features characteristic for IMT-Advanced (4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the bandwidth requirements for 4G (which is 1 Gbit/s for stationary and 100 Mbit/s for mobile operation), these standards are classified as 3.9G or Pre-4G.
3GPP plans to meet the 4G goals with LTE Advanced, whereas Qualcomm has halted development of UMB in favour of the LTE family.[2]
Lawen ya rin
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Dalerayan
[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]- ↑ Clint Smith, Daniel Collins. "3G Wireless Networks", page 136. 2000.
- ↑ Qualcomm halts UMB project, Reuters, November 13th, 2008
Suglung Palual
[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]- ITU home page for IMT-2000
- About Mobile Technology and IMT-2000 A paper by ITU describing the various 3G standards in the IMT-2000 family
Mobile telecommunications standards | |||||||||||
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3GPP Family |
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3GPP2 Family |
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AMPS Family |
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Other Technologies |
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Frequency Bands | Cellular • GSM • UMTS • PCS • SMR |
Wireless system generations | |
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1G | NMT · AMPS · Hicap · CDPD · Mobitex · DataTAC · TACS ·ETACS |
2G | GSM · iDEN · D-AMPS · IS-95 · PDC · CSD · PHS · GPRS · HSCSD · WiDEN |
2.75G | EDGE/EGPRS ·CDMA2000 (1xRTT) |
3G | UMTS (W-CDMA) · CDMA2000 (1xEV-DO/IS-856) ·FOMA · TD-SCDMA · GAN/UMA |
3.5G | UMTS (HSDPA) · UMTS (HSUPA) · CDMA2000 (EV-DO Rev.A) |
3.75G | UMTS (HSPA+) · CDMA2000 (EV-DO Rev.B/3xRTT) |
4G | WiMAX ·Flash-OFDM · 3GPP LTE |
Related articles | Comparison of mobile telecommunications standards · List of mobile telecommunications standards |