Misinterpretations of the EEG can result in erroneous diagnosis of epilepsy, causing considerable family anxiety, over protectiveness of children, and delays in normal development and developmental exploration. The burden of a chronic disease can result in expensive and unnecessary medical treatment. The misdiagnosis of epilepsy has been well documented in adults, but misdiagnosis in normal children can have a long-lasting impact on their health. Furthermore, the EEG has a wider range of morphology and hence a greater opportunity for the missed diagnosis of epilepsy. Lack of familiarity of normal sleep patterns and age-related changes from the premature neonate to the young child make children particularly susceptible to misdiagnosis of epilepsy.