Activation of TRPA1 nociceptor promotes systemic adult mammalian skin regeneration

Sci Immunol. 2020 Aug 28;5(50):eaba5683. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aba5683.

Abstract

Adult mammalian wounds, with rare exception, heal with fibrotic scars that severely disrupt tissue architecture and function. Regenerative medicine seeks methods to avoid scar formation and restore the original tissue structures. We show in three adult mouse models that pharmacologic activation of the nociceptor TRPA1 on cutaneous sensory neurons reduces scar formation and can also promote tissue regeneration. Local activation of TRPA1 induces tissue regeneration on distant untreated areas of injury, demonstrating a systemic effect. Activated TRPA1 stimulates local production of interleukin-23 (IL-23) by dermal dendritic cells, leading to activation of circulating dermal IL-17-producing γδ T cells. Genetic ablation of TRPA1, IL-23, dermal dendritic cells, or γδ T cells prevents TRPA1-mediated tissue regeneration. These results reveal a cutaneous neuroimmune-regeneration cascade triggered by topical TRPA1 activators that promotes adult mammalian tissue regeneration, presenting a new avenue for research and development of therapies for wounds and scars.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Animals
  • Cicatrix / chemically induced
  • Cicatrix / immunology
  • Female
  • Imiquimod
  • Inflammation / chemically induced
  • Inflammation / immunology
  • Intraepithelial Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Intraepithelial Lymphocytes / physiology
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, SCID
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Regeneration*
  • Skin / immunology
  • Skin Physiological Phenomena*
  • TRPA1 Cation Channel / immunology
  • TRPA1 Cation Channel / physiology*
  • Wound Healing

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • TRPA1 Cation Channel
  • Imiquimod