Control Valve Actuators PDF
Control Valve Actuators PDF
Control Valve Actuators PDF
9.2.5.1 General notes for the calculation and selection of actuators ��������� 019
9.2.8. Technical data for Packing and Plug stem diameter ����������������������������������038
9.2.13.5 Summary �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������052
9.2.18. Overview of Actuators Type 3371, 3372, Type 2780-1, and Type 2780-2 � 077
9.2.20. Pneumatic Actuators Type 3371 and Electropneumatic Actuators Type 3372
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9.2.20.1 Technical data · Pressures in psi and bar ������������������������������������083
9.2.26. Mounting Servovalve actuators on SAMSON Series 3240 and 3250 Valves
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9.2.26.1 PD Pneumatic linear actuator �����������������������������������������������������100
9.2.27.2 Design ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������111
9.2.27.3 Construction ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������111
9.3.5.1 Applications ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 183
9.4.3.1 Application �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������194
9.4.9.4 Mounting the PSL Actuator onto the Valves SAMSON Series 3240,
3250, and 3280. �����������������������������������������������������������������������������225
9.4.9.5 Type of limit cut-off ������������������������������������������������������������������������225
9.4.11. Electronic actuators of Company AUMA Riester GmbH & Co. KG ������������236
9.4.11.12 Accessories ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������250
9.4.11.13 Motor ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 251
9.5.9. Type 3510 Micro-flow Valve with explosion-proof electric actuator ������������� 278
9.6.2.1 Functions ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������285
9.6.2.2 Design �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������286
9.8 Data Sheet for Control Valves according to ISA Form S20.50. Rev. 1 ���������290
The majority of all industrial control valves installed worldwide is even today still driven by
pneumatic diaphragm actuators. This actuator type is therefore of course in the center of
interest and attention.
Pneumatic Piston
with a linear or rotational
movement Rack & Pinion
Scotch Yoke
Electro-mechanical
Electric
Actuator with a linear or rotational
movement
Electro-hydraulic
Hydraulic
Scotch Yoke
with a linear movement
∆ps Min. required air supply – pst100 for fail safe ATC SVS bar
pst Signal pressure SVS barg
** In on/off service, the lowest value for the NBR diaphragm increases to -20 °C.
Table 9.2.1.-1: Temperature limits for Diaphragm actuator
There are some reasons to limit the air supply at values < 6 bar to avoid over-stressing
of actuator parts and also the valve trim-stem system
On-off operations at higher frequencies
In case of travel stops or other accessories, not designed for 6 bar
Larger actuators with fail safe ATC need to be handled with care regarding too high
closing trust: Fa = A ∙ (psu - pst100).
Supply pressure regulators (mass production) or supply service units are
responsible to limit the max. actuator trust to avoid mechanical damage.
If this relatively inexpensive devices are responsible for the safety function of “high end”
special valves (like compressor anti surge valves to protect expensive flow machines)
long term reliability must be guaranteed. If at some locations commissioning, proper
maintenance and instrumentation air quality cannot be guaranteed such dirt and oil
sensitive pressure reduction equipment should be avoided. In case of too high air
supply the actuator can be sized with spring bench rates which reduce the closing trust
of the ATC application, e.g. spring bench rate 0.8 to 2.4 bar or 1.6 to 3.2 bar.
The SAMSON Types 3271 and 3277 Pneumatic Actuators contain a rolling diaphragm
and internal springs. A maximum of 30 springs can be installed, partly fitted inside one
another.
Special features
Low overall height
Powerful thrust at high response
speed
Low friction
Various bench ranges by varying
the number of springs or their
compression
No special tools required to
change the bench range and to
reverse the actuator action (also
version with handwheel)
Permissible operating
temperatures from –50 to +120 °C
Direct attachment of accessories
on additional yoke for
Figure 9.2.1.-2: SAMSON Type 3277 for integral positioner attachment
FSE
FRa
Fp
FR
FM
FSF
F∆p
Figure 9.2.1.1.-1: Valve Type 3241 with pneumatic actuator Type 3271
The following forces act upon the throttle trim including the plug stem:
Actuator force: F a (or actuator torque Ma)
Friction force: F R (stem seal, possibly pressure balance seal)
Inertial force: F M (force due to weight of plug, force due to acceleration)
Flow force: F∆p (due to the shut-off pressure)
Sealing force: FSF (seat loading force) when valve is closed)
Residual forces are present on the actuator stem in the pneumatic actuator:
Actuator force: Fa (or actuator torque Ma)
Friction force: FRa (negligible (0) however)
Inertial force: FM (force due to weight, force due to acceleration)
Elastic force: FSE (due to the springs elasticity)
Pressure force: FP (Fp = Pst ∙ A) (signal pressure pst, diaphragm area A)
5 1.1 1 6 6.1 3
4
7
1 Nut
1.1 Nut
2 Actuator stem
3 Vent plug 8
4 Loading pressure 9
connection 12
5 Top diaphragm 2
case 12.1
a
6 Springs
7 Diaphragm plate 11
8 Diaphragm
10
9 Nuts and bolts
10 Yoke with bottom 12.1
diaphragm case
Dimension a 15
11 Loading pressure 350 cm² = 209 mm
connection 700 cm² = 246 mm
12 Stem seal 13
12.1Dry bearing
13 Wiper
15 Ring nut
16
16 Stem connector
Travel
Figure 9.2.1.-2: Sectional diagram of Type 3277 with 240, 350, and 700 cm2 effective diaphragm area
The Type 3277 pneumatic actuators with an effective diaphragm area of 240, 350 or 700
cm2 are primarily mounted to control valves from the Series 3240, 3250 and 3280.
The actuator is made up of two diaphragm cases, a rolling diaphragm and springs. The
lower diaphragm case is permanently fixed to the yoke which allows the direct attachment
of either a pneumatic or electropneumatic positioner or a limit switch.
The signal pressure creates a force at the diaphragm surface which is balanced by
the springs (6) arranged in the actuator. The number of springs and their compression
determine the bench range (signal pressure range) while taking the rated travel into
account which is directly proportional to the signal pressure.
A maximum of 30 springs can be installed, partly fitted inside one another. The stem
connector (16) connects the actuator stem (2) with the plug stem of the control valve.
The self contained, spring-opposed pressure governor which was introduced decades ago
and initiated the beginning of automation in process industries was the real predecessor
of the contemporary pneumatic diaphragm actuator. Modern pneumatic diaphragm
actuators developed from them over the course of the years. An essential break through
happened with the introduction of high-strength fabrics of polyamide or polyester and
oil and wear & tear resistant synthetic rubber. Both materials make a firm bonding via a
specific vulcanization process and this guarantees the long service life of the diaphragm.
Pneumatic diaphragm actuators compare the input signal, which affects the diaphragm,with
the compression force from one or several return springs. Through a linear relationship
between actuator travel and trailing force this also results also in a proportionality between
actuator input signal and actuator travel. If one presupposes a linear valve characteristic
and a constant differential pressure a proportionality also exists between the controller
output signal and the process variable, i.e. the flow rate. Because of this feature, the
pneumatic diaphragm actuator soon found wide-spread distribution. Another advantage
of this simple and robust principle is the possibility of avoiding the use of a valve positioner,
if it cannot be justified for economic reasons or in cases of extremely harsh environmental
conditions.
Advantages:
Compact, only few parts required, very reliable.
High actuator thrusts at low air supply pressures (< 6 bar).
Proportional behavior via one or several return springs.
Simple reversal on site possible (direct or reverse).
Automatic failure position in case of auxiliary power loss.
Low hysteresis and excellent sensitivity.
Very broad application range (-35 °C to 90 °C NBR; -50 °C to +120 °C EPDM),
lower temperatures with special diaphragm material on request.
Relatively immune to shock and vibrations.
Mounting in any position possible.
High internal tightness allows “interlocking” for several hours.
Lowest thrust-weight ratio of all actuators.
Best cost/thrust ratio of all actuator types.
Disadvantages:
Limited valve travel (to approx. 1/8 of the diaphragm diameter)
Unsuitable for high supply pressures (> 6 bar).
◊ Ambient temperature.
◊ Auxiliary energy.
◊ Process conditions.
Other requirements, e.g. manual operation required for emergency situations?
Therefore the user of valve actuators should prepare a “check list”, which contains all the
important requirements and limiting conditions before he begins to specify the actuator.
By this method it is ensured that all required functions have been considered, and an
optimal actuator type for the respective task can be selected.
Fa
Sd
FR
FSF
F∆p
Sb
Friction force FR
Most control valves still use a “stuffing box” which is required for the sealing of the valve
stem (shaft), PTFE and graphite, which are often combined with special filling materials
in order to improve hysteresis and sensitivity, are the most common package materials
used today. Friction in the stuffing box can be roughly computed if the stem diameter
d, the maximum pressure p and the package type are known. Generally, the frictional
force increases proportionally with the stem diameter and the working pressure. A special
packing coefficient is associated with the packing material.
Weight force FM
In a case of a very heavy opturator (plug) with a considerable mass, emphasis must
naturally give also to the weight of the plug (depending on the mounting position of the
control valve), if the actuator has to be able to open or close the final control element
against gravity forces.
an uncertain correlation between the actuator input signal and the corresponding valve
travel and should be avoided under all circumstances. While the signal range of the
actuator becomes greater with the normal flow direction „to open“ (approx. 160 % in
Figure 9.2.4.-1), the signal range decreases in the case of re-verse flow direction (approx.
65 %) and this might cause instability.
Considerable instability is often found near the closed position but rarely also instability
can be found at opening position if here the total signal pressure characteristic SB turns
negative (see Figure 9.2.4.-2 and Figure 9.2.4.-3). The plug usually “flutters” in this range
and not only prevents a stable regulation, but also tends to self-destruction through
“hammer effects”. The dynamic forces acting on the internals of the control valve can
be greatly suppressed, if an actuator with sufficient rigidity (travel stiffness) is employed,
Unlike self-locking electro actuators or very “inflexible” electro hydraulics actuators,
pneumatic diaphragm actuators have only a limited stiffness, which is determined by the
spring rate of the return spring(s). Empirically based findings prove that a satisfactory
regulation can be expected even in the case of limited travel stiffness.
Naturally, the requirements increase with an increasing differential pressure and with
a larger diameter of plug. A re-calculation of the required minimum travel stiffness is
recommended, if (1) high differential pressures occur, (2) the valve is pressure balanced,
(3) the flow direction is reverse (flow-to-open). Since the user very seldom knows the
precise physical dimensions in the case of an installed valve, the actual flow coefficient
(Cv100 value) can also be used in a rough calculation. In addition, a valve specific stability
factor may be utilized in order to observe the dynamic behavior of the valve depending
on the trim. Cage and contoured plug valves, for instance, behave more favorably in this
respect than do valves with parabolic plugs.
1.4
1.2
Flo
wd
1.0 ire
ctio
Benc nF
0.8 h ran TO
ge
0.6 Flow dir
ection F
TC
0.4
instable
0.2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %
Valve closed Valve open
Figure 9.2.4.-1: Characteristics of a pneumatic diaphragm actuator at different flow directions (schematic)
pst
Safe control range
SB
Dynamic
Y Joukowsky peak SB
w ∆p100
x „Water hammer“ f
∆p0
pst100
p Sz S0
1 Sz
Fluid force
p2
0.45
FTC + ATO pst0 ∆p100
f
Spring force ∆p0
Travel
Signal pressure - Travel diagram with non-stable signal pressure characteristic SB if
the slope (gain) turns negative (-) to the positive (+) spring slope.
Risk of hunting (hammering) at small opening < 20 % travel and also possible
oscillation (hunting) at > 35 % travel if ∆pmax << ∆p0, respectively at 45 % travel if
∆pmax = ∆p0 = constant.
Sz = fluid force characteristic: f(∆p100/∆p0)
In case of high liquid velocities in long larger pipes at valve upstream there could be at
least always a dynamic risk of water hammer (Joukowsky peak).
Figure 9.2.4.-2: Signal pressure - Travel diagram with non-stable signal pressure characteristic
Figure 9.2.4.-3: Signal pressure - Travel diagram with stable signal pressure characteristic
MA Torque
pst
Fail safe: ATO (closed by spring force)
Min. air supply psu
ི
(psu - pst100)·MA ≥ S dyn
1
SB
ear
psu ∙ MA ≥ S stat. lin
Break off ≈
S0
psu ≥ 2∙pst0
Instable opening
pst open for control > 70°
2
SB
pst close
ཱ n
dy
.
pst0· MA
S
±S
(- )
ta
t.
s
MA Torque
psu - pst100
psu = 2∙pst100
SVWFORVH
SB
2
n
dy
.
S
s 6
(- )
WD
V
W
The valve system friction may increase also from lack in commissioning (pipe
installation without force compensation due to temperature elongation). Long term
age-hardening of packing and sealing material occurs in case of no proper frequently
maintenance.
It is recommended to use a higher than 1.1 safety factor in case of those unknown
(not ideal) random conditions.
Therefore the required actuator force (trust): Fo = 1.25 ∙ Fa
Large effective areas reduce the negative influence of friction forces on control valve
performance by minimizing hysteresis and dead band.
At request of the highest control controllability for expensive products like insulin also
a low price actuator of smallest size may close against a moderate low shut down
pressure. The valve performance and controllability interacting to the production
quality and quantity, which significantly can improved with a larger actuator size
selected in the first priority for lowest hysteresis and not for the shut down pressure.
Diaphragm actuators have a considerably smaller hysteresis than piston actuators (up
to 40 % hysteresis due to piston seals), which the positioned is likely to be unable to
compensate on long term.
Several spring assemblies with smaller springs distributed over the circumference offer
a greater accuracy and mechanical stability than fewer large springs arranged in the
center. In addition, the variability of the spring range and the stiffness of the actuator
are increased
The actuator characteristic should, ideally, be linear and the hysteresis small. Linearity
errors stem mostly from a changing diaphragm area which might possibly result in an
inadequate actuator thrust in the closed position.
An adequate quality assurance system (ISO 9001) and attention paid to valid standards
and regulations is necessary, to guarantee correct „state of the art“ products.
pst
ATC ATO
pst pst
pst pst
π
F
∆p ( ) (
= Sb2 ⋅ ∆p + Sd2 ⋅ p2 ⋅
4 ⋅ 10 ) (9-1)
If in the majority of trim variations the seat diameter Sb is essential larger than the stem –
or bellows seal diameter Sd the influence of Sd is negligible.
π
F=
∆p (S b
2
)
⋅ ∆p ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
Sb >> Sd (9-1.2.1)
π
( )
F = Sb2 − Sd2 ⋅ ∆p − Sd2 ⋅ p2 ⋅
∆p 4 ⋅ 10 ( ) (9-1.2.2)
The term for the closing force F∆p = (Sb2 – Sd2) ∙ ∆p ∙ π/(4 ∙ 10) need to have a force
correction for the open position with factor f:
f = 0 if Δp100/Δp0 tends to zero; f = 0.4 if Δp100/Δp0 tends to 1
f = 0.4 based on measurements with parabolic plugs (mentioned in VDI/VDE 3844)
Remark: F∆p at open position = F∆p ∙ f
F
= D 2 − S 2 ⋅ ∆p + S 2 ⋅ p ⋅ π
( ) ( ) (9-1.3.1)
∆p a b d 1
4 ⋅ 10
In case of Da = Sb (Standard for SAMSON pressure balance)
π (9-1.3.2)
Fp1 = Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
FTC flow to close (on request for an angle type valve)
F∆p and Fp1 trust result to close (-) and need Fa trust to open (+)
In case of Da > Sb
π
( )
F = Da2 − Sb2 ⋅ ∆p − Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅
∆p 4 ⋅ 10 ( ) (9-1.4.1)
π
Fp1 = Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅ (9-1.4.2)
4 ⋅ 10
FSF = π ⋅ f2 ⋅ Sb (9-2)
From the variables of equation (9-1) equation (9-2) equation (9-3) we get:
F
= S 2 ⋅ ∆p + S 2 ⋅ p ⋅ π + π ⋅ f ⋅ S + π ⋅ f ⋅ S + M ⋅ g (9-6.1)
( ) ( )
a b d 2 2 B 1 d
4 ⋅ 10
π
F=
a (S d
2
)
⋅ p1 ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
+ π ⋅ (f2 ⋅ SB + f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da ) + M ⋅ g (9-7.1)
Case (e):
No pressure balance, flow to close, failure position CLOSED
Fa = F∆p + FR + (FM ) (9-8)
π
( )
Fa = Sb2 − Sd2 ⋅ ∆p − Sd2 ⋅ p2 ⋅
4 ⋅ 10 ( )
+ π ⋅ f1 ⋅ Sd + M ⋅ g (9-8.1)
π
Fa
= (S b
2
)
− Sd2 ⋅ ∆p ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
+ M⋅ g (9-8.2)
Case (f):
With pressure balance, flow to close, failure position CLOSED
in case of Sb = Da
π
Fa= Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅ + π ⋅ ( f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da ) + M ⋅ g
4 ⋅ 10 (9-9.1)
With a reverse flow direction (fluid tends to close the valve), the plug is pressed into
the seat by the differential pressure. This application should be limited to special cases
only, in order to avoid instability with fine control requirements. A few exceptions are
applications where it is either favorable
To exploit the reaction force of the differential pressure for secure closing of the valve
and/or to achieve tight shut-off, or
To limit wear and tear inside the valve body caused - in the case of angle type valves
- by erosion or/and abrasion.
One main criterion for achieving adequate actuator stability is the difference of force
gradients, when a reverse flow direction is chosen. Generally there exists in every travel
position of the actuator, a balance between the actuator thrust which is determined by the
effective diaphragm area multiplied by the actuator input signal and the trailing force of
the return spring(s).
Under dynamic conditions high fluid forces can occur, which act on the plug and
considerably disturb this balance. From Figure 9.2.4.-1 it becomes clear, that the effective
signal range in the case of “direct action” and a flow direction „to close“ is considerably
decreased which leads, unavoidably, to instability, since the force gradient resulting from
fluid forces is higher that of the return spring(s). This makes, in such a case, a satisfactory
regulation impossible. For this reason, the combination („direct action“ and „flow to close“
service) should be excluded under all circumstances.
However, the flow direction „to close“ is even with “reverse action” (valve closed in case
of air failure) not without problems. Near the closed position the reaction forces of the
control valve normally increase greatly and may be superposed by a so called “Joukowsky
peak” at larger sizes, long upstream pipe and high pipe velocity, so that the force balance
is suddenly disturbed considerably. This imbalance can be slightly improved by the
application of a positioner. The response time is, however, not fast enough by far, so that
a continuous “hammering” of the plug might occur near the closed position.
This must be in all circumstances avoided for wear and tear reasons. Essential for stable
actuator operation is a sufficiently high spring rate whose force gradient must be higher
at any travel position than the force gradient resulting from dynamic valve reaction
forces. Furthermore, it should be noted that the actuator force direction of flow „to close“
applications is reverse, i.e. the actuator force hat to “pull” the plug out of the seat. One
should further differentiate between “control service” and “ON-OFF service. In the latter
case, a continuous “hammering effect” cannot occur, since the critical range is usually
passed through very quickly. Important with reverse flow conditions is an examination of
the required actuator rigidity or travel stiffness, in order to assure a stable control service.
This stiffness depends on the spring rate and the diaphragm area of the pneumatic
actuator: A ∙ (pst100 - pst0).
Adequate control stability can be expected if the required maximum actuator thrust is in a
certain relationship to the signal range of the actuator. The required signal range which,
in turn, determines the travel stiffness can be roughly checked by means of the following
equations. The disadvantageous case that the valve authority ∆p100/∆p0 tends to zero,
(means ∆pqmax << ∆p0) need the highest actuator stiffness and from safety point of view
expressed with a factor 2 in equation 9-10.
For a continuous stable control service the following rule applies for FTC:
Without pressure balance:1
π
F=
∆p (S b
2
)
− Sd2 ⋅ ∆p0 ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
(9-10.1)
π
Fp1 = Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅ (9-10.4)
4 ⋅ 10
In case of Da = Sb (Standard for SAMSON pressure balance.
The factor 2 in equation (9-10) tends to factor 1 if the valve authority ∆p100/∆p0 also
tends from 0 to 1.
∆p0 roughly can be substitute with the max. ∆p at qmin. but not with the specified ∆pA
for actuator closing, which could be much higher than ∆p0. Control actions are not
recommended below 20 % travel.
1 Lean on VDI 3844 draft 2010-05
Based on long term experience with perforated plugs (FTC) a proven rule-of-thumb for
the maximum permissible differential pressure ∆p0 has been derived from equation 9-10
and 9-11 for applications with a flow direction to close.
∆p0 roughly can be substitute with the max. ∆p at qmin. but not with the specified ∆pA for
actuator closing, which could be much higher than ∆p0.
For control service:
100
∆p0= 0.5 ⋅ A ⋅ (pst100 − pst0 ) ⋅ 4 ⋅ (9-12)
( Sb2 − Sd2 ⋅ π )
The factor 0.5 tends to factor 1 if the valve authority Δp100/Δp0 also tends from 0 to 1.
For ON-OFF service:
100
∆p= 0.75 ⋅ A ⋅ (pst100 − pst0 ) ⋅ 4 ⋅ (9-13)
0
(Sb
2
− S d2 ⋅ π)
9.2.6.5 Safety factors to actuator sizing
Important requirements and safety factors to actuator sizing published in SAMSON
VALVE SIZING SVS and SVSS.
Fw =FR + FRB + c
Fa A ⋅ (psu − pst100 ) ⋅ 10
=
Fm π ⋅ ( f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da )
Fa A ⋅ (psu − pst100 ) ⋅ 10
=
Fm π
Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅ + π ⋅ f2 ⋅ Sb + π ⋅ ( f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da )
4 ⋅ 10
Fa A ⋅ pst0 ⋅ 10
=
Fm π ⋅ f2 ⋅ Sb + π ⋅ ( f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da )
Fa A ⋅ (psu − pst100 ) ⋅ 10
=
Fm Fp1 + π ⋅ ( f1 ⋅ Sd + f3 ⋅ Da )
The term
π
Fp1= Sd2 ⋅ p1 ⋅ f ⋅
4 ⋅ 10
in case of pressure balance is nearly negligible
f = 0 if ∆p100/∆p0 tends to zero; f = 0.4 if ∆p100/∆p0 tends to 1
Warning in SAMSON Valve Sizing Specialist SVS / SVSS if SF < 1.1
recommended in hazardous areas = 1.25
More calculation examples are shown in Chapter 20 page 10 and page 26.
breakaway forces on the inherent eccentricity. For these reasons it is not very practical
to develop special equations with which the required torque can be exactly computed.
Especially complicated relationships apply in the case of so-called rotary actuators, which
often utilize an electric or pneumatic linear actuator and, in addition, a special gear or
linkage to convert the linear motion into a rotation angle between 60° and 90°. For these
designs not only the efficiency of the gear or linkage has to be taken into account, but also
the required angle of rotation. In the case of the common double piston type, which uses
a linear actuator and a special internal linkage, which is in turn firmly connected to the
shaft of the rotary valve, the required torque is calculated taking into account the effective
lever length and rotation angle.
As experience has shown however, not only the minimum required torque, but also the
maximum permissible torque must be computed in the case of rotary actuators in order
to avoid deformation or damage of the valve shaft, which sustains the most frequent
damages in chemical industry. The calculation of these actuator torques is solved
most reliably by making use of corresponding computer programs which are based on
manufacturer independent data bases. These consider all variables as listed by the
respective manufacturer. If shaft diameters and materials are known, such a program can
easily determine the maximum permissible actuator torque in order to avoid damage.
Simplified empirically equations for actuators which applies for standard butterfly
valves are listed below.
(It`s recommended to use this simplified method as a rule of thumb, if no product specific
sizing method is available.)
The torque direction (±) changes in case of the signal opens or closes the valve, which is
known as break off torque.
This torque direction (±) also change against the moving direction and is responsible for
the hysteresis.
Max. dynamic torque at operating point qmax (-) 50 to 80 degree opening angle
This torque always has the tendency to close the valve (-) and get it`s max. value between
50 and 80 degree opening. Depending to the ∆p versus flow characteristic ML or Mdyn or
both torque need special care for actuator sizing.
It makes only sense to sum up ML + MSt torques at closing position (break off torque) and
Mdyn. + MSt torques at opening position where the max. dynamic torque is expected.
Figure 9.2.4.-5 and Figure 9.2.4.-6 explain, that a proper actuator sizing need to look
to all control actions like to open from the seat and to close to the specified leak rate
requirements as well as to open to max load against the dynamic torque. In case of higher
shut down pressure differentials the break off torque should be minimized with the help of
enough actuator stiffness to ensure a large stable control range.
Example:
Severe service butterfly valve: DN 500; Shaft diameter 56 mm
Cv100 = 6600, Fluid crude oil 20 °C
qvmax operation condition: qv =5000 m3/h, p1 = 15 bara, p2 = 13 bara
qvmin operation condition: qv =1000 m3/h, p1 = 15.5 bara, p2 = 11 bara
Shut down condition at ∆pA = 16 bar
ML ≅ 0.7 ∙ dSd ∙ DN2 ∙ (p1 - p2) ∙ 10-5 = 0.7 ∙ 56 ∙ 5002 ∙ 16 ∙ 10-5 = 1568 Nm
To check: (See Figure 9.2.4.-6 with position ①,② and ③ for actuator sizing)
① (psu – pst100) ∙ MA > ML + MSt = 1890 Nm
② pst00 ∙ MA > ML + MSt = 1890 Nm
③ pst0 ∙ MA > Mdyn. + MSt = 2772 Nm
The challenge is to select a rotary actuator with about 2772 Nm torque from
pst0 ∙ MA, and (psu – pst100) ∙ MA > 1890 Nm
and high stiffness spring bench rate to minimize the break off.
It is recommended to use this simplified method as a rule of thumb, if no manufacturer
specific sizing method is available.
Butterfly valves and actuators today from concentric to triple-eccentric butterfly valves
with different actuator types may deviate to this rule of thumb sizing and should be sized
more precise from the responsible manufacturer.
Such severe crude oil butterfly valves may operate in oil fields production and separation
plants (upstream) with control actions at small pressure differential.
Sometimes much higher shut down pressure differentials ∆pA are specified for start up or
shut down or at least for an unexpected worse case condition. Take special care for the
butterfly mechanical strength limits in case of very high static and/or dynamic torques.
This type specific value (limit of seat and/or shaft load) may be published but must known
in the R&D department of the manufacturer.
Do not leave questions open, if this butterfly valve needs to do a start up or shut down to
high ∆pA. Is the start up and shut down supported parallel connected with a bypass valve
under split range control?
Will the valve see the high ∆pA only under static closed condition or under dynamic flow
condition?
More about severe applications and split range control see chapter 11.7.
Type 3271
Type 3277
Type 3271-52
Type 3277-5
Packing
Up to 220°C
Type 3241 / 3251 PTFE-stuffing box without IT
Up to 428°F
220 to 350°C
3241 ( ≥ DN 200 (8")) / 3251 Graphite (H)-stuffing box without IT
428 to 662°F
350 to 500°C
Type 3241 / 3251 PTFE-stuffing box with IT
662 to 932°F
> 500°C
Type 3251 Graphite (H)-stuffing box with IT
> 932°F
Plug stem diameter at Type 3241
DN 15 to 80 ½" to 3" 10 mm
DN 100 to 150 4" to 6" 16 mm
> DN 150 > 8" 40 mm
DN 15 to 40 ½" to 1½" 12 mm
DN 50 to 100 2" to 4" 16 mm
DN 125 to 150 5" to 6" 25 mm
> DN 200 > 8" 40 mm
Table 9.2.8.1.-1: Packing and Plug stem diameter
Figure 9.2.10.-2: Pneumatic actuator Type 3271 with mechanical travel stop
22 7 Diaphragm plate
8 Diaphragm
23
9 Nuts and bolts
24
26 10 Bottom diaphragm case
25
28 11 Loading press. connection
3
27 4 12 Stem seal
5 12.1 Dry bearing
8.1 6 13 Wiper
7
15 Ring nut
17 Handwheel
9
20 Lock nut
8 21 Flange part
6.1
10 22 Coupling
23 Clamping sleeve
2 11
24 Ring
16 25 Coupling nut
26 Threaded pin
27 Spindle with nut
Figure 9.2.11.1.-3: Pneumatic Control Valve Type 3251-7 for Heat Transfer Oil
with welding ends. Bellows seal, Handwheel, and Positioner Type 3730-X
Hand-operated Actuator Type 3273 1400 and 2800 cm2 version for travel ≤ 60 to 160 mm, up to 150 kN
16
14
Technical data
12
10 Type 3273-1 3273-2
8 Rated travel mm 15 / 30
6 Maximum travel mm 23 / 38
4 Maximum thrust kN 18 32
2 FH
Req. manual force N 230 300
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 N Max. temperature °C 100
230 Manual force
2
1
Principle of operation
The medium flows in the flow-to-open direction through the valve. The valve plug
determines the cross-sectional area of flow. The Cv coefficient is adapted over the
plug and, if necessary, using a combination of attenuation plates upstream of the seat.
To avoid vibrations, the plug is double guided by a guide bushing at the top and a
second guide in the seat.
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8083-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.12.-1: AC-Trims
800
°C
ratu r
600 e
p
e m
T
400 S pr i
n gF
orc
e
N
200
0 5 10 15 20 25 Time min.
Figure 9.2.13.-2: Force - temperature - time - diagram, loss of spring force
Shortly after the fire has broken out, the spring force decreases considerably. As a result,
the ability to keep the valve in fail-safe position during the fire will be lost within a short
period.
The loss of rigidity and the considerable decrease of force are caused by re crystallization
processes within the material structure of the spring.
The use of conventional fire protection systems, such as coatings, do not provide decisive
advantages since springs are moving components and subject to dynamic stress. Coatings
cannot sufficiently retard the loss of force either.
+ Temperature F
RESTRICTIONS
Only at standard actuators and environmental temperatures up to 80 °C (degrees
Celsius) and at the moment only to absorption area of 700 cm2 available.
Force N
5000
orce
e ase in f
cr
g e in
rt rid
3000 Ca
1000
0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 Time min.
Figure 9.2.13.1.-2: Force of the safety cartridge increasing over time; after heating in accordance with the
unit-temperature curve
The safety cartridge is heated according to the unit-temperature curve in which the
development of temperature over time is plotted in accordance with DIN 4102, Part 8 [6].
1000
500
Time min.
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
Figure 9.2.13.1.-3: Unit-temperature curve
The design of this irreversibly operating cartridge is simple and allows retrofitting of
already installed pneumatic actuators.
To do this, the safety cartridge must be installed in the center of the actuator springs. The
mounting position of the pneumatic actuator is not important, the cartridge can always
perform its task of closing the valve in the event of a fire.
The selected overall length of the cartridge does not affect the travel or operating range
of the springs at standard ambient temperatures. Only in the event of a fire does the
cartridge become effective, reacting to the unusually high temperatures.
The cartridge blocks the actuator in the desired safety position before the springs take
damage. Valve remains opened or closed depending on function.
Valve:
SAMSON, Type 3241, nominal size DN 25, nominal pressure PN 40
Characteristic: equal percentage
Valve plug: lapped-in-metal
Plug material: Cr steel, WN 1.4006
Seat material: Cr steel, WN 1.4006
Body material: GS-C 25, WN 1.0619
Actuator:
SAMSON, Type 3271 Pneumatic Actuator
Effective diaphragm area: 350 cm²
“Actuator stem extends”
Signal pressure range: 0.6 to 3 bar
Material: St 1203
Diaphragm: NBR with polyester fabric
The test aimed at maintaining the tightness of the valve over 30 minutes minimum
with constant system pressure acting on the valve. The time span is based on the
specifications given in BSI 6755/2 [7].
The test valve described above was heated in a test room according to the unit
temperature curve. The pneumatic actuator was equipped with 6 cartridges installed in
the actuator spring assemblies. The valve contained water. During the heating phase,
steam was produced. A pressure regulator installed outside the test room maintained a
constant system pressure of 30 bar. Prior to starting the test, a pump had been used to
produce this pressure. Downstream of the seat/plug restriction area, the valve was open
to atmosphere.
The temperature in the test room and the pneumatic actuator was measured via
thermocouples.
The temperature increase over time in the test room and in the pneumatic actuator
was correspondent to the unit-temperature curve (see Figure 9.2.13.1.-3). The system
pressure of 30 bar in the valve upstream of the seat remained constant during the entire
test procedure.
As was expected, the rubber diaphragm was completely destroyed at the end of the
test. With the exception of the springs, none of the metallic components showed any
visible damages or deformations.
The task, to provide tight shut-off against the pressure of 30 bar prevailing throughout
the test and during the high temperatures of the fire, could be fulfilled over the entire
period of temperature supply.
Figure 9.2.13.4.-1: Sectional drawing of a pneumatic actuator whose standard fail-safe action is reversed
in the event of a fire. The release temperature range of the spring discs bound by a solder strip depends
on the kind of solder used.
9.2.13.5 Summary
The safety equipment shows a simple structure, enabling the pneumatic control valve to
assume fail-safe position or reverse this fail-safe position upon outbreak of fire. Pneumatic
control valves could now be used in fields of application never considered possible before.
Compared to pneumatic control valves with standard fail-safe action, actuators equipped
with these innovative safety devices are able to maintain the fail-safe position over an
extended period of time when exposed to fire.
The safety cartridge filled with intumescent material plays an essential role in this safety
technique. Thanks to these cartridges, the valve trim remains effective even at the
extremely high temperatures of a fire, thus preventing leakage of hazardous media! The
cartridges compensate for the loss in force of the springs, which under less extreme
conditions guarantee fail-safe action.
Another asset of the safety equipment is its cost-effectiveness compared to other safety
equipment in use. Since the safety cartridges can replace more complex and hence
expensive safety devices, they will prove to be another remedy against the pressure on
costs.
Alternatively, conventional fail-safe action can be reversed when a fire breaks out.
Releasing pre loaded and bound spring discs reverses the direction of standard fail-safe
action of pneumatic actuators. An important aspect in this innovative method is the fact
that the temperature range in which the springs are released can be adjusted as needed.
In view of all the advantages of the modern safety equipment developed by SAMSON,
the use of pneumatic control valves could now be taken into consideration even where
sensitive applications are concerned.
Bibliography
[1] Schneider, W. 1992. Der Metallbalg, ein zuverlässiges Dichtelement in
Stellgeräten. In Chemietechnik, No. 3: 54-60
[2] Schneider, W., und Bartscher, H. 1988. Stellgeräte im Rütteltest.
Chemie-Anlagen-Verfahren, No. 8: 84-90
[3] Kiesbauer, J., und H. Hoffmann 1998. Verbesserte Prozeßzuverlässigkeit und
Wartung mittels digitaler Stellungsregler. Automatisierungstechnische Praxis,
Vol 40, No. 2: 22-34
[4] Vogel, U. 1991. Trends in der Stellgeräteentwicklung.
Chemie-Anlagen-Verfahren: 59-62
[5] SAMSON AG. 1994. Stellantrieb mit Sicherheitseinrichtung.
Patentschrift DE 42 39 580 C2
[6] DIN 4102, Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen
[7] BSI 6755/2, Testing of valves, Part 2 1987. Specification for fire type-testing
requirements
[8] SAMSON AG. 1997. Pneumatisch betätigbare Antriebseinheit.
Patentschrift DE 196 49 440 C1
Linear actuators
in particular for
attachment to
Micro-flow Valves
Type 3510.
Linear actuators
in particular for
attachment to
Valves Series 3240
and Micro-flow
Valves Type 3510.
Version with
Handwheel.
Linear actuators
in particular for
attachment to
Control Valves
Series 3240 and
Micro-flow Valves
Type 3510.
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271-52
Diaphragm area 60 cm2
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-2: Actuators Type 3271-52 of 60 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271-5
Diaphragm area 120 cm2
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-3: Actuators Type 3271-5 of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271-5
Diaphragm area 120 cm2
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-4: Actuators Type 3271-5 of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277-5
Diaphragm area 120 cm2
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-5: Actuators Type 3277-5 of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271-5 with Handwheel
Diaphragm area 120 cm2
Actuator versions
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-6: Actuators Type 3271-5 with Handwheel of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277-5 with Handwheel
Diaphragm area 120 cm2
Actuator versions
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.14.-7: Actuators Type 3277-5 with Handwheel of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 80 cm2 240 cm2
Rated travel 15 mm 15 mm
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves.
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 350 cm2 355 cm2
Rated travel 15 mm 30 mm
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves.
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 700 cm2 1000 cm2
Rated travel 30 mm 30 mm
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves.
Figure 9.2.15.-1: Actuators Type 3271 of 240 cm2 to 1000 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 80 cm2
Actuator versions
Optional stainless steel version (made of 1.4301)
Additional handwheel with diaphragm areas of 80 Data Sheet T 8312 EN
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
Fire-Lock version fail-safe action in case of fire
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.15.-2: Actuators Type 3271 of 80 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 240 cm2
Actuator versions
Optional stainless steel version (made of 1.4301)
Additional handwheel, Data Sheet T 8312 EN
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
Fire-Lock version fail-safe action in case of fire
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.15.-3: Actuators Type 3271 of 240 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 350 cm2
Actuator versions
Optional stainless steel version made of WN 1.4301
Additional handwheel, Data Sheet T 8312 EN
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
Fire-Lock version fail-safe action in case of fire
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 EN.
Figure 9.2.15.-4: Actuators Type 3271 of 350 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 700 cm2
Actuator versions
Optional stainless steel version (made of 1.4301)
Additional handwheel Data Sheet T 8312 EN
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
Fire-Lock version fail-safe action in case of fire.
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.15.-5: Actuators Type 3271 of 700 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 1000 cm2
Actuator versions
Optional stainless steel version (made of 1.4301)
Additional handwheel Data Sheet T 8312 EN
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.15.-6: Actuators Type 3271 of 1000 cm2 for Globe Valves
Linear actuator
in particular for
attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control
Valves.
Type 3271
Diaphragm area 2800 cm2 2 x 2800 cm2
Rated travel 120 mm
Linear actuator
in particular for
attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control
Valves.
Figure 9.2.16.-1: Actuators Type 3271 of 1400 cm2, 2800 cm2, and 2 x 2800 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
1400 cm2
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3271
2800 cm2
Pneumatic Actuator
Type 3271
2 x 2800 cm2
Actuator versions
With Type 3273 Hand-operated Actuator, for travels up to 160 mm using side-
mounted handwheel.
Actuator with travel stop, minimum or maximum travel mechanically adjustable for
2 x 2800 cm2 tandem actuators.
Note: For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated
technical Data Sheet T 8310-2 EN
Figure 9.2.16.-4: Actuator Type 3271 of 2 x 2800 cm2 for Globe Valves
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves
Linear actuator in
particular for attachment to
Series 3240, 3250,
and 3280 Control Valves
Figure 9.2.17.-1: SAMSON Actuators Type 3277 of 120 cm2 to 1000 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277-5
120 cm2
Actuator versions
Additional handwheel with diaphragm areas
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.17.-2: Actuators Type 3277-5 of 120 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277
240 cm2
Actuator versions
Additional handwheel with diaphragm areas
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.17.-3: Actuators Type 3277 of 240 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277
350 cm2
Actuator versions
Additional handwheel with diaphragm areas
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.17.-4: Actuators Type 3277 of 350 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277
355 cm2
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.17.-5: Actuators Type 3277 of 355 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277
700 cm2
Actuator versions
Additional handwheel with diaphragm areas 700 cm2
Mechanical travel stop, min. or max. travel mechanically adjustable
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. Data Sheet T 8310-1 / -2 EN
Figure 9.2.17.-6: Actuators Type 3277 of 700 cm2 for Globe Valves
Pneumatic Actuators
Type 3277
1000 cm2
Actuator versions
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet.
Figure 9.2.17.-7: Actuators Type 3277 of 1000 cm2 for Globe Valves
9.2.18. Overview of Actuators Type 3371, 3372, Type 2780-1, and Type 2780-2
Type 2780-1 2780-2
Diaphragm area 120 cm2 120 cm2
Rated travel 6 / 12 / 15 mm 6 / 12 / 15 mm
Versatile actuators
Type 2780-1 and Type 2780-2
for use in heating, ventilation and air-
conditioning systems as well as for
mechanical engineering.
Figure 9.2.18.-1: Versatile actuators for use in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning as well as for
mechanical engineering.
Actuator stem
extends retracts
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. (See Data Sheet T 5840 EN)
Figure 9.2.19.-1: Actuators Type 2780-1
Pneumatic Actuator
Type 2780-2
Actuator stem
extends retracts
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet. (See Data Sheet T 5840 EN)
Figure 9.2.19.-2: Actuators Type 2780-2
8.6 8.4
8.7
8.3
8.5
8.1
8.2
8.7
7 8.8
8.6
8.9
6 14
16
1
10
10.1
i
p i
15 11
12
13
14
Table 9.2.20.-2: Pneumatic Actuators Type 3371 and Electropneumatic Actuators Type 3372
Note:
With fail-safe action “actuator stem retracts” and on/off service, the permissible
supply pressure must not exceed the upper spring range value by more than 3 bar.
With fail-safe action “actuator stem extends” and travel stops on both sides, the
permissible supply pressure must not exceed the upper spring range value by more
than 1.5 bar.
For Type 3241 Valves in DN 50 / NPS 2”, the maximum operating travel is 110 %.
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
at rated travel
240 15 0.2 to 1.0 17 3 12.5 0.70 1.10 1.68 0.30 1.10 0.48
240
240 15 0.4 to 2.0 17 6 12.5 1.40 2.20 3.36 0.60 2.20 0.96
Type
3271
240 15 0.6 to 3.0 17 12 12.5 2.10 3.30 5.04 0.90 3.30 1.44
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
at rated travel
700 30 0.4 to 2.0 38 6 30 2.00 2.40 14.00 1.60 2.40 11.20 1.40 2.40 9.80
700 700 30 0.6 to 3.0 38 12 30 3.00 3.60 21.00 2.40 3.60 16.80 2.10 3.60 14.70
Type 700 30 1.4 to 2.3 30 8 0 2.10 2.30 14.70 1.85 2.30 12.95
3271
3277 700 30 2.1 to 3.3 30 12 0 3.00 3.30 21.00 2.70 3.30 18.90 2.50 3.30 17.50
2.35 to
700 30 30 15 0 3.40 3.80 23.80 3.05 3.80 21.35
3.8
700 30 2.6 to 4.3 30 18 0 3.90 4.30 27.30 3.45 4.30 24.15
Table 9.2.22.1.-1: Signal pressure range at operating travel 7.5 to 19 mm
Note:
Signal pressure range 1.4 to 2.4 bar at operating travel 19 mm
Globe Valve Type 3241 DN 80, Kvs/Cv100 -Value 100/120.
(No Metal-Bellows construction, no Flow Divider I)
Signal pressure range 2.1 to 3.6 bar at operating travel 19 mm
Globe Valve Type 3241 DN 80, Kvs/Cv100 -Value 100/120.
(No Metal-Bellows construction, no Flow Divider I)
Signal pressure range 2.1 to 3.3 bar at operating travel 19 mm
Globe Valve Type 3241 DN 80, Kvs/Cv100 -Value 100/120.
(No Metal-Bellows construction, no Flow Divider I)
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
1400 60 0.2 to 1.0 80 6 25 1.00 1.20 14.00 0.80 1.20 11.20 0.40 1.20 5.60
1400 60 0.4 to 2.0 80 12 25 2.00 2.40 28.00 1.60 2.40 22.40 0.80 2.40 11.20
1400 60 0.5 to 2.5 80 18 25 2.50 3.00 35.00 2.00 3.00 28.00 1.00 3.00 14.00
1400-
60 1400 60 0.5 to 0.95 80 6 25 0.60 1.05 8.40
Type 1400 120 1.0 to 3.0 130 9 2.75 3.00 38.50 2.50 3.00 35.00 2.00 3.00 28.00
3271
1400 120 1.2 to 3.6 130 12 3.30 3.60 46.20 3.00 3.60 42.00 2.40 3.60 33.60
Table 9.2.22.1.-2: Signal pressure range at operating travel 15 to 60 mm
Note:
Special Spring Ranges with Type 3271 Actuators
Special spring ranges are often being used with pneumatic actuators when really standard
spring ranges could be used instead.
The problem often arises when special spring ranges are used that these actuators must
be specially made and the tolerances of the springs are partly inadequate since the
nominal travel of the valve cannot be set.
When at all possible, only the spring ranges listed in the Data Sheet T 8310 should be
used.
Number of springs
Max. travel [ mm ]
1400- 1400 120 0.4 to 1.2 130 3 1.00 1.20 14.00 0.80 1.20 11.20 0.40 1.20 5.60
120 1400 120 0.8 to 2.4 130 6 2.00 2.40 28.00 1.60 2.40 22.40 0.80 2.40 11.20
Type
1400 120 1.0 to 3.0 130 9 2.50 3.00 35.00 2.00 3.00 28.00 1.00 3.00 14.00
3271 1400 120 1.2 to 3.6 130 12 3.00 3.60 42.00 2.40 3.60 33.60 1.20 3.60 16.80
2800 120 0.2 to 1.0 160 3 25 1.00 1.20 28.00 0.80 1.20 22.40 0.40 1.20 11.20
2800 120 0.4 to 2.0 160 6 25 2.00 2.40 56.00 1.60 2.40 44.80 0.80 2.40 22.40
2800 120 0.5 to 2.5 160 9 25 2.50 3.00 70.00 2.00 3.00 56.00 1.00 3.00 28.00
2800 120 0.6 to 3.0 160 12 25 3.00 3.60 84.00 2.40 3.60 67.20 1.20 3.60 33.60
2800
2800 120 0.8 to 1.7 160 6 25 1.45 1.90 40.60 1.00 1.90 28.00
Type 2800 120 0.9 to 2.2 160 9 25 2.15 2.50 60.20 1.85 2.50 51.80 1.20 2.50 33.60
3271
2800 120 1.0 to 2.7 160 12 25 2.65 3.10 74.20 2.25 3.10 63.00 1.40 3.10 39.20
2800 120 1.1 to 2.3 160 6 25 2.00 2.60 56.00 1.40 2.60 39.20
2800 120 1.2 to 2.8 160 9 25 2.80 3.20 78.40 2.40 3.20 67.20 1.60 3.20 44.80
2800 120 1.3 to 3.3 160 12 25 3.30 3.80 92.40 2.80 3.80 78.40 1.80 3.80 50.40
5600 120 0.2 to 1.0 160 6 25 1.00 1.20 56.00 0.80 1.20 44.80 0.40 1.20 22.40
5600 120 0.4 to 2.0 160 12 25 2.00 2.40 112.00 1.60 2.40 89.60 0.80 2.40 44.80
5600 120 0.5 to 2.5 160 18 25 2.50 3.00 140.00 2.00 3.00 112.00 1.00 3.00 56.00
5600 120 0.6 to 3.0 160 24 25 3.00 3.60 168.00 2.40 3.60 134.40 1.20 3.60 67.20
2×2800
5600 120 0.8 to 1.7 160 12 25 1.45 1.90 81.20 1.00 1.90 56.00
Type 5600 120 0.9 to 2.2 160 18 25 2.15 2.50 120.40 1.85 2.50 103.60 1.20 2.50 67.20
3271
5600 120 1.0 to 2.7 160 24 25 2.65 3.10 148.40 2.25 3.10 126.00 1.40 3.10 78.40
5600 120 1.1 to 2.3 160 12 25 2.00 2.60 112.00 1.40 2.60 78.40
5600 120 1.2 to 2.8 160 18 25 2.80 3.20 156.80 2.40 3.20 134.40 1.60 3.20 89.60
5600 120 1.3 to 3.3 160 24 25 3.30 3.80 184.80 2.80 3.80 156.80 1.80 3.80 100.80
Type 3277 355 30 0.9 to 1.7 0.90 1.10 0.90 1.30 0.90 1.70
355 30 1.4 to 2.6 1.40 1.70 1.40 2.00 1.40 2.60
355 30 1.9 to 3.3 1.90 2.25 1.90 2.60 1.90 3.30
700 30 0.2 to 1.0 0.20 0.40 0.20 0.60 0.20 0.70 0.20 1.00
700 30 0.4 to 2.0 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20 0.40 1.40 0.40 2.00
700 30 0.6 to 3.0 0.60 1.20 0.60 1.80 0.60 3.00
700 30 1.4 to 2.3 1.40 1.60 1.40 1.85 1.40 2.30
700 30 2.1 to 3.3 2.10 2.40 2.10 2.70 2.10 3.30
700 30 2.35 to 3.8 2.35 2.70 2.35 3.05 2.35 3.80
700
700 30 2.6 to 4.3 2.60 3.00 2.60 3.45 2.60 4.30
Type
3271 700 30 0.35 to 0.45
3277
700 30 0.7 to 0.9
700 30 1.0 to 1.35
700 30 1.3 to 1.8 1.30 1.80
700 30 1.7 to 2.6 1.70 2.15 1.70 2.60
700 30 1.9 to 3.3 1.90 2.60 1.90 3.30
700 30 2.0 to 3.6 2.00 2.80 2.00 3.60
1000 1000 60 0.4 to 2.0 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20 0.40 2.00
1000 60 0.6 to 3.0 0.60 1.20 0.60 1.80 0.60 3.00
Type
3271 1000 60 0.8 to 2.8 0.80 1.30 0.80 1.80 0.80 2.80
1400 60 0.2 to 1.0 0.20 0.40 0.20 0.60 0.20 1.00
1400 60 0.4 to 2.0 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20 0.40 2.00
1400 60 0.5 to 2.5 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.50 0.50 2.50
1400-60
1400 60 0.5 to 0.95 0.50 0.95
Type 1400 60 0.7 to 1.4 0.70 1.05 0.70 1.40
3271
1400 60 0.85 to 1.8 0.85 1.35 0.85 1.80
1400 60 1.1 to 2.4 1.10 1.75 1.10 2.40
1400 60 1.3 to 2.8 1.30 1.70 1.30 2.05 1.30 2.80
1400 120 0.4 to 1.2 0.40 0.60 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20
1400
-120 1400 120 0.8 to 2.4 0.80 1.00 0.80 1.20 0.80 1.60 0.80 2.40
Type 1400 120 1.0 to 3.0 1.00 1.25 1.00 1.50 1.00 2.00 1.00 3.00
3271 1400 120 1.2 to 3.6 1.20 1.50 1.20 1.80 1.20 2.40 1.20 3.60
2800 120 0.2 to 1.0 0.20 0.40 0.20 0.60 0.20 1.00
2800 120 0.4 to 2.0 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20 0.40 2.00
2800 120 0.5 to 2.5 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.50 0.50 2.50
2800 120 0.6 to 3.0 0.60 1.20 0.60 1.80 0.60 3.00
2800
2800 120 0.8 to 1.7 0.80 1.25 0.80 1.70
Type 2800 120 0.9 to 2.2 0.90 1.55 0.90 2.20
3271
2800 120 1.0 to 2.7 1.00 1.85 1.00 2.70
2800 120 1.1 to 2.3 1.10 1.40 1.10 1.70 1.10 2.30
2800 120 1.2 to 2.8 1.20 1.60 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.80
2800 120 1.3 to 3.3 1.30 1.80 1.30 2.30 1.30 3.30
5600 120 0.2 to 1.0 0.20 0.40 0.20 0.60 0.20 1.00
5600 120 0.4 to 2.0 0.40 0.80 0.40 1.20 0.40 2.00
5600 120 0.5 to 2.5 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.50 0.50 2.50
5600 120 0.6 to 3.0 0.60 1.20 0.60 1.80 0.60 3.00
2x2800
5600 120 0.8 to 1.7 0.80 1.25 0.80 1.70
Type 5600 120 0.9 to 2.2 0.90 1.55 0.90 2.20
3271
5600 120 1.0 to 2.7 1.00 1.85 1.00 2.70
5600 120 1.1 to 2.3 1.10 1.40 1.10 1.70 1.10 2.30
5600 120 1.2 to 2.8 1.20 1.60 1.20 2.00 1.20 2.80
5600 120 1.3 to 3.3 1.30 1.80 1.30 2.30 1.30 3.30
Table 9.2.22.2.-2: Signal pressure range at operating travel 15 to 120 mm
Technical data
Version Type 3275
Actuator area cm2 314 490 804
Supply pressure max. 6 bar 6 bar 6 bar
Rated travel mm 15 30 15 30 15 30
Piston displacement cm3 471 942 735 1470 1206 2412
Air connection G⅜ G½ G½
Max. perm. leakage (t ≥ 0 °C) 50 cm3/min 58 cm3/min 70 cm3/min
Perm. temperature range for
–30 to 80 °C
continuous operation
Table 9.2.25.-1: Technical data of Pneumatic Piston Actuator Type 3275
bar
6
4
m2
cm 2
0c
4
49
80
3
cm 2
314
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 kN
18.4 29.4 47.3
Figure 9.2.25.-2: Diagram showing forces of Type 3275 Pneumatic Piston Actuator
9.2.26. Mounting Servovalve actuators on SAMSON Series 3240 and 3250 Valves
In cooperation with Servovalve, an interface has been created which allows piston
actuators with up to 200 kN (higher forces on request) to be
mounted onto SAMSON valves.
Depending on the valve size and the actuator force required,
there are three different connection patterns:
Connection pattern 1 corresponding to connection diameter
30 mm (comparable to SAMSON actuators up to 700 cm2).
Connection pattern 2 corresponding to connection diameter
60 mm (comparable to SAMSON actuators 1400-60 cm2)
Connection pattern 3 corresponding to connection diameter
100 mm (comparable to SAMSON actuators 1400-120
cm2 and larger) TV-SK 9902 shows the various connection
patterns including the required ordering data.
9.2.26.1 PD Pneumatic linear actuator
PD actuator can operate all kind of on-off or modulating valve with linear shaft motion.
Servovalve actuator type PD consists of one or more pneumatic double acting cylinders
designed to operate linear valves as globe or gate valves.
In this catalogue standard actuators are shown for cylinder diameter sizes up to 800 mm.
For greater thrusts or larger cylinder sizes than shown, special execution can be realized
on request.
PD actuator is designed and manufactured so as to operate in the heaviest work condition
in every environment according to the international specification.
Typical features are the extremely simple and rugged construction, the special care in the
components material selection to reduce the corrosion phenomenon.
All actuators are enclosed in order to guarantee a water proof protection.
PD actuator can be equipped with mechanical or hydraulic manual emergency device.
A PTFE charged slide guarantees a perfect drive and alignment of the piston under all
load conditions allowing gasket seals long life.
Each execution can be supplied with equipment and device for local or remote control.
Chromium plated carbon steel shaft and PTFE charged bushings reduce the sliding
friction of the actuator moving components.
Standard cylinder up to size DN 200 is realized in special aluminium alloy and from DN
250 is realized in chromium plated carbon steel in order to prevent corrosion phenomenon
and make the piston linear movement easier.
PD actuator is supplied with a standard painted surface protection with one primer layer
and one alkydic resin layer. Other coatings are available on request.
The inner parts of PD actuator are lifetime lubricated, therefore only replacement of the
rubber gaskets may become necessary after a long working time.
All PD actuators undergo many tests before delivering to the customer for being assembled
to the valve. The modular elements system , with which the actuators are built, allows an
easy and sure assembly and a safe and easy maintenance.
SERVOVALVE is certified by DNV and actuators are designed, manufactured and tested
according to ISO EN 9001-2000 and, if requested, according to 97/23/CE directive (PED)
and 94/9/CE directive (ATEX).
Figure 9.2.26.2.-1: Sectional drawing of Pneumatic Linear Actuator Type PD125 to PD 800
Figure 9.2.26.3.-1: Double Acting with Handwheel for Actuator PDV 125 to PDV 420
Figure 9.2.26.4.-1: Double Acting with Handwheel for Actuator PDR 360 to PDR 800/2
Figure 9.2.26.5.-1: Double Acting with Manual Hydraulic Pump for PDH 500 to PDH 800 and
PDH 420/2 to PDH 800/2
2 3
2
4
1
1 2
2
5
1
1
PD/SA
8 8 10 17
6 6
7 7 18
Pneumatic Pneumatic
Connection Connection
PD/LK PD/AL
14
16
11
12 6
13
7 10
7
Pneumatic Pneumatic
Connection Connection
14
16 25
17
12
20
13 10
21
Pneumatic
Connection
14
16 25
17
12 18
19
13
20
10
21
Pneumatic
Connection
9 9
23
SIGNAL 14
16
17 20
12
15
13
10
21
Pneumatic
Connection
9 9
SIGNAL
23 14
24
17 16
26
12
24 20
13
21 10
Pneumatic
Connection
Figure 9.2.26.5.-5: Typical pneumatic circuits for Double Acting Actuators Series PD
4th GENERATION
PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR
Double acting actuator in 120°, 135°, 180° or other stroke available in 9 sizes
9.2.27.2 Design
The new 4th Generation rack and pinion pneumatic actuator has been designed,
developed and tested incorporating the latest technology and materials available, with
some innovative design features.
As a result of this product research we have obtained a high grade product with the
following characteristics:
Reliability
High performance
Wider product range permitting a more economical sizing selection
Innovative and patented universal drive shaft and multifunction position indicator
Full compliance with latest worldwide specifications
A wide selection of highest levels of corrosion protection technology
Aesthetically compact and modern style with no external cavities to avoid deposit build
up.
9.2.27.3 Construction
Extruded aluminum body with both internal and external corrosion protection
1
having a honed cylinder surface for longer life and a lower coefficient of friction.
Dual piston rack and pinion design for compact construction, symmetric
2
mounting position, high-cycle life and fast operation. Reverse rotation can be
accomplished in the field by simply inverting the pistons.
Two independent external travel stop adjustments permit easy and precise
3
adjustment of +/- 4° in both directions. This adjustment may be made in either the
open or closed position and provides for accurate valve alignment.
Universal and anti-blowout patented drive shaft for an easy conversion from
4
parallel to diagonal square and vice versa. This feature permits a lower and more
flexible stock. UNIVERSAL DOUBLE SQUARE design available as option on 4th
Generation and as standard on Power Technology permits easy adaptation to any
valve and allows for a lower and more flexible inventory.
A single compact design utilizing identical body and end caps for both double
5
acting and spring return models. This feature reduces inventory and allows field
conversion, by adding or removing modular spring cartridges.
6 Multifunctional position indicator for visual position indication and a direct, easy,
economical way to mount popular sensors.
Multiple bearings and guides on pistons and racks for precise operation, low
7
friction, high cycle life and a blowout proof pinion shaft.
8 Modular pre loaded spring cartridges designed with coated springs for simple
range versatility, greater safety and corrosion resistance.
9 Fully machined teeth on piston racks and pinion shaft for accurate positioning,
low backlash and maximum engagement resulting in overall efficient operation.
11 Selected high quality bearings and seals that provide a wide operating
temperature range, low friction and high cycle life.
Internal and external stainless steel fasteners for long term corrosion resistance.
12
13 Full conformance to following latest specifications: ISO 5211, DIN 3337 and VDI/
VDE 3845 for product interchangeability and easy mounting of solenoids, limit
switches and other accessories.
1 11
12 9
5
3
8 4
7 2
10
13
Multi-function indicator
Position indication
Visual indication of the Actuator/Valve
position is shown via a color coded insert
and Namur slot.
The indicator is suitable for all types of
drive shaft and either direction of actuator
rotation.
Multi-function indicator
Ancillary installation without multi-function indicator
The 4th Generation actuator can be
supplied upon request with a Stainlees
Steel (S.S.) Cover that replaces the
S.S. Cover insert standard indicator and has the Namur
with VDI/VDE slot drive slot permitting:
Fitment of ancillary such as switch
boxes and positioners
Indication of actuator position via the
Namur slot
Operate at high temperature
Manual operation of the actuator in
cases of emergency.
100% Travel stop adjustment on 4th generation actuator
Air
LA pressure
For double acting actuators in normal working conditions the suggested safety factor is
15-20%. Air Torque actuators are designed for precise and accurate operation, maximum
machined teeth engagement, low backlash and multiple bearings on pistons to ensure
the highest level of efficiency and high cycle life.
Figure 9.2.27.11.-1: Type 3967 Solenoid Valve, attachment with NAMUR interface to rotary
Torque
Ou Air s
tpu tro
t T ke
LA or
qu
e
ke
s tro ue
Spring force g rq
p rin ut to
LA S tp
Ou
Air Torque spring return actuators are designed to produce a balanced torque in the
two conditions explained above when the number of springs per side is equal to the air
pressure supply (4 bar - 4 springs each side) as shown in Figure 9.2.27.11.-4.
For certain applications it is possible to achieve (where desired), the unbalanced torque as
shown in Figure 9.2.27.11.-5, by altering the relationship between the number of springs
per side and air pressure supply in bar (for example 6 springs and 5.5 bar or vice versa).
In spring return applications two conditions can be achieved: air failure to close or air
failure to open.
The suggested safety factor for spring return actuators in normal working conditions is
20-25%.
Torque
Nm
Air S e
tr
Torq oke g S trok
in
ue Spr orque
T
Safety Factor
0° Rotation ° 90°
Figure 9.2.27.11.-4: Ball valve torque
Torque
Nm
Air S Stroke
tr
Torq oke Spring ue
ue Torq
Safety Factor
0° Rotation ° 90°
Figure 9.2.27.11.-5: Butterfly valve torque
Actuator Torque
Safety Factor
0° Rotation ° 90°
Figure 9.2.27.12.-1: AT-Diagram for Butterfly Valve
Spring to close when air fails (Balanced Torque) see also the Figure 9.2.27.11.-4.
Published Ball Valve torque = 80 Nm
Safety factor (20%) = 80 Nm + 20% = 96 Nm
Air supply pressure available = 5 bar
The spring return AT actuator selected is AT400 S10, because it produces the
following values:
Spring stroke 0° = 105 Nm
Spring stroke 90° = 165 Nm
Air stroke 0° = 172 Nm
Air stroke 90° = 112 Nm
Spring to close when air fails see also the Figure 9.2.27.11.-5.
(Unbalanced Torque)
Published Butterfly Valve torque = 45 Nm
Safety factor (20%) = 47 Nm + 20% = 56.4 Nm
Air supply pressure available = 5.5 bar
The spring return AT actuator selected is AT 300 S12, because it produces the following
values:
Spring stroke 0° = 60.8 Nm
Spring stroke 90° = 94.5 Nm
Air stroke 0° = 85.4 Nm
Air stroke 90° = 51.7 Nm
The correct selection of an actuator is critical, if the actuator is oversized the valve stem
can be overstressed, on the contrary if the actuator is undersized it cannot produce
enough torque to permit full valve operation.
Generally we can say that the torque required for valve operation comes from the friction
between the metallic parts of the valve (for example ball or disc) and the seals (seats).
Moreover the torque is influenced by various factors depending on the type of application
of the valve (service condition), service temperature, operation frequency, line and
differential pressure, flow media (lubricated, dry or slurry).
The following examples show the torque characteristic for 3 types of quarter-turn valves,
Ball Valve, Butterfly Valve and Plug Valve.
Ball Valve
Ball valve concept of construction is based
100 % BALL VALVE TORQUE
essentially on a polished ball (including a
70-80 %
through port) contained between two seats
(upstream and downstream). The ball rotation
allows the flow or stops the flow through the
Torque % valve. Differential of pressure between
25-30 % upstream and downstream pressure forces the
ball against the downstream seat (floating ball
design). In this case the valve torque is
generated by the friction between the ball,
CLOSE Valve Rotation OPEN
seat,stem and packing.
As shown in the diagram below the highest point of torque occurs when with the
presence of pressure, and the ball in the closed position, the valve is moved to the
open position (breakaway torque).
Butterfly Valve
BUTTERFLY VALVE TORQUE Butterfly valve concept of construction is
100 % based essentially on a disc fixed on an axis. In
the closed position the disc is completely
contained by the seat. The open position is
achieved when the disc is rotated (through its
Torque % stem) becomes parallel to the flow.
On the contrary, the closed position is
15-20 % achieved when the disc is perpendicular to
Figure 9.2.27.14.-1: 4th Generation pneumatic actuators: Model AT 051, AT 101, AT 201, AT 251, AT 301,
AT 351, AT 401, AT 451, AT 501, AT 551, AT 601, AT 651, AT 701, and AT 801
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.15.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 051
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.16.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 101
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.17.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 201
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.18.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 251
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.19.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 301
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.20.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 351
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.21.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 401
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.22.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 451
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.23.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 501
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.24.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 551
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.25.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 601
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.26.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 651
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.27.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 701
Notes:
1) The above indicated moving time of the actuator, am obtained in the following test conditions:
Room Temperature,
Actuator Stroke 90°,
Solenoid Valve with orifice of 4 mm and a flow capacity Qn = 400 L/min.,
Inside pipe diameter 8 mm,
Medium clean air,
Air supply pressure 5.5 bar (79.75 Psi),
Actuator without external resistance load.
Cautions: Obviously on the field applications when one or more of the above parameter are different, the
moving time will be different.
2) For HT (high temperature) and LT (low temperature) services, a special Lubricant is requested.
Please contact Air Torque factory.
Operating Medium:
The operating medium must be free of dust and oil. The maximum particle size must not exceed 30
μm (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 5). In order to prevent water condensation and/or solidification (Ice, when
actuator work below 0°C), the operating medium must have a dew point equal to -20°C or, at least 10°C
below the ambient temperature (ISO 8573 Part 1, Class 3).
Recommended size
Table 9.2.27.28.-1: Technical data of pneumatic actuator Model AT 801
Components A B C
Alodur (Special hard ENP+ Polyester
Alodur + PTFE
anodized) transparent coated
coating
Body Color: Color:
Color:
Bright Stainless Bright Stainless
Light grey
steel steel
Chromatized + Chromatized +
Chromatized +
Polyester Coated Polyester Coated
Polyester Coated
End-caps Color: Color:
Color:
S.S. Ral 9007 or S.S. Ral 9007 or
S.S. Ral 9007
Blue Ral 5015 Blue Ral 5015
Drive shaft Carbon Steel ENP1) Carbon Steel ENP1) Carbon Steel ENP1)
Kesternick Test
SAC/299/98 SAC/300/98 SAC/895/96
Certif. N°
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet.
Table 9.2.27.29.-1: Protection Levels Available for Type A, B, and C
1) ENP = Electroless nickel coating High Phosphorous content P>10%
Components D E P
Alodur (special hard
Alodur + PTFE Alodur + PTFE
anodized)
coating coating
Body Color:
Color: Color:
Bright Stainless
Light grey Light grey
steel
Kesternick Test
SAC/896/96 SAC/897/96 SAC/301/98
Certif. N°
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet.
Table 9.2.27.30.-1: Protection Levels Available for Type D, E, and P
1) ENP = Electroless nickel coating High Phosphorous content P>10%
2 4 2
3 5 3
1 1
5/2 SOLENOID 3/2 SOLENOID
VALVE OPERATION VALVE OPERATION
Adapter for magnetoresistive AMR sensor for Electronic Limit switch Type 3738 with
enhanced diagnostics.
Products Approvals/Compliance/Certificates
Gost standard Russia (available on request)
DET NORSKE VERITAS TYPE APPROVAL
94/9/EC ATEX
IP 67 enclosure protection - EN 60529 -
Salt spray “fog” corrosion test - ISO 9227 (available on request)
Kesternich corrosion test ISO 3231 (available on request)
Patents
Air torque actuators are covered by many international patents .
Disadvantages:
Generally inadequate thrust (torque) at spring-return action.
Inevitable leakage after long working hours.
Higher friction and hysteresis compared to diaphragm actuators.
Expensive for high thrusts (torques) and normal pressures.
1 Cover plate
2 Diaphragm
3 Housing
4 Springs
5 Actuator stem
6 Lever stem
7 Actuator shaft
8 Stop screws
9 Handwheel
Figure 9.2.28.-1: Pneumatic Rotary Actuator Type 3278
Torque (Nm)
350
300
Air torque MdL
250
200
150
Spring torque MdF
100
50 Opening
angle (°)
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Figure 9.2.29.2.-1: Example illustrating the torque characteristic Actuator
size 3 with spring 1 at 2.5 bar supply pressure
Versions:
Type SRP
Pneumatic quarter-turn actuator, single-acting with spring-return mechanism in the
sizes 15 to 10000.
Type DAP
Pneumatic quarter-turn actuator, double-acting without spring-return mechanism in
the sizes 6 to 10000.
Special designs:
With emergency manual actuation
For continuous operation at temperatures from -20° to 150°C through use of Viton
O-rings
For continuous operation at temperatures from -40° to 80°C with silicon seals
MdLD
100 %
ca. 66 % MdF
ca. 33 % MdLE
0%
0° 45° 90°
Figure 9.2.29.6.-1: Course of operating torque at recommended air inlet pressure
Model R
Model MN
Model S
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Table 9.2.30.1.-1: Diaphragm or rotary actuators Type R. AT and MN
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Table 9.2.30.1.-2: Diaphragm or rotary actuators Type MZ, MD and S
Actuator action
Fail-safe position
The control valve offers two possible fail-safe positions in combination with the
Diaphragm Actuator in case the supply air fails:
Valve CLOSED without supply air; the Rotary Plug Valve is closed when the supply
air fails.
Valve OPEN without supply air; the Rotary Plug Valve is opened when the supply
air fails.
Type R Actuator with mounted positioner Type R Actuator with mounted positioner
with shaft of manual gear with manual gear
Figure 9.2.31.-1: Manual gears and the different attachments for the VETEC Actuator Type R
Application:
High torques (1000 Nm), high
turn down ratios, fine tuning and
controlability, severe applications.
Type AT Actuator with mounted positioner Type AT Actuator with mounted positioner
Attachment Type A with manual gear
Attachment Type A
e e
bas bas
n ting ries u n ting ries
u Mo ccess o
Mo ccesso a
a for
for
FTC
FTO
ATO (Air to open) ATO (Air to open)
Spring closes Spring closes
Attachment Type B
Mo Mo
u u
for nting for nting
acc
ess base acc
ess base
orie orie
s s
FTC
FTO
ATO (Air to open) ATO (Air to open)
Spring closes Spring closes
Attachment Type C
ase ase
i n g b ries i n g b ries
t t
un sso un sso
Mo acce Mo acce
for for
FTC
Attachment Type D
M M
fo oun fo oun
r a tin r a tin
cc g cc g
es ba es ba
so se so se
rie rie
s s
FTC
FTO
ATO (Air to open) ATO (Air to open)
Spring closes Spring closes
Figure 9.2.32.1.-1: Manual gear and the different attachments for the VETEC Actuator Type AT
Fail-safe position
The control valve offers two possible fail-safe positions in combination with the VETEC
Type AT Diaphragm Actuator in case the supply air fails:
Valve CLOSED without supply air, the Rotary plug valve is closed when the supply
air fails.
Valve OPEN without supply air, the Rotary plug valve is opened when the supply air
fails.
Attachment Type B
Attachment Type B:
Application:
Very high torques (9,000 Nm), high turn down ratios, severe applications.
Type S Actuator with mounted positioner Type S Actuator with mounted positioner
Attachment Type A and Handwheel, Attachment Type A
Attachment Type A
Manual gear
Figure 9.2.37.1.-2: Actuator Type S with Rotary Plug Valve Type 72.1 with flanges
All the Servovalve series of quarter-turn scotch-yoke actuators are designed and
manufactured for the transmission of high torque suited for Ball or Butterfly valves, Plug
etc. for on-off or throttling service.
In the central housing a slotted link kinematism provides to transform the linear motion of
the rod into the rotary motion of the valve shaft. The symmetric series are suitable for the
valves in which it is requested an exalted torque during all the stroke.
Therefore the canted series are available for valves in which output torque is requested in
the final released spring position (fail to close) or break compressed spring position (fail
to open).
Figure 9.3.-2: The central housing is designed to accept different types of scotch-yoke mechanisms
symmetrical, clockwise or counter-clockwise canted. (Photo: SERVOVALVE)
1,5
UNITARY TORQUE
0,5
0
Closed 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° Open
Spring Fluid single acting Fluid double acting
Figure 9.3.1.-1: Typical output torque diagram with symmetrical scotch-yoke
1,5
UNITARY TORQUE
0,5
0
Closed 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° Open
Spring Fluid single acting Fluid double acting
Figure 9.3.2.-1: Typical output torque diagram with canted scotch-yoke
- 0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0° 90 ° 180 ° 270 ° 360 °
Degrees
Acceleration
0.0004
0.0003
0.0002
0.0001
0
- 0.0001
- 0.0002
- 0.0003 Scotch Yoke
- 0.0004 Crank and Slider
- 0.0005
0° 90 ° 180 ° 270 ° 360 °
Degrees
Figure 9.3.3.-2: Comparison of displacement and acceleration for a Scotch Yoke compared with a crank
and slider Quarter-Turn Pneumatic Actuators (Diagram: Rotork)
1 http://www.rotork.com
The Scotch yoke is a mechanism for converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational
motion or vice-versa. The piston or other reciprocating part is directly coupled to a sliding
yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating part. The shape of the motion of the
piston is a pure sine wave over time given a constant rotational speed.
Advantages:
The advantages compared to a standard crankshaft and connecting rod setup are:
Strong compact actuators for large valves and high torques
For On-Off and modulating
Double acting or single acting with spring return
Prepared for quick operation (extremely fast emergency)
Optional: Manual override
Fewer moving parts.
Smoother operation.
Higher percentage of the time spent at top dead center (dwell) improving theoretical
engine efficiency of constant volume combustion cycles, though actual gains have not
been demonstrated.
In an engine application, elimination of joint typically served by a wrist pin, and near
elimination of piston skirt and cylinder scuffing, as side loading of piston due to sine of
connecting rod angle is eliminated.
9.3.5.1 Applications
Scotch yoke actuators are designed to operate ball, butterfly and plug valves requiring a
rotary, quartrer-turn movement for either on/off or modulating duty.
This setup is most commonly used in control valve actuators in high pressure oil and
gas pipelines.
Disadvantages:
Generally inadequate thrust (torque) at spring-return action.
Inevitable leakage after long working hours.
Higher friction and hysteresis compared to diaphragm actuators.
Expensive for high thrusts (torques) and normal pressures.
Naturally, the different actuator types have design-related strengths and weaknesses
which are briefly described below:
Advantages:
No additional auxiliary energy (e.g. compressed air) required.
Very high actuator thrusts (torque moments) possible.
Robust and reliable in the case of standard conditions (e.g. climate).
Precise positioning in connection with positioners.
Self-locking gear assures a high travel rigidity (stiffness).
Simple overload protector applicable.
Disadvantages:
Expensive compared to pneumatic diaphragm actuators.
Low control rate (stroking speed) in case of higher actuator thrusts.
Explosion-proof attainable only at high costs (expensive).
Sensitive to moisture and corrosion.
No automatic failure position in the case of auxiliary energy loss.
No real suitability for extremely high and low environmental temperatures.
Proportional characteristics only in connection with positioner possible.
Figure 9.4.1.-2: Type SAM electric actuator attached to Type 3241 Valve
Type 5857
300 N
Type 5825
500 N
Type 5824
700 N
Type 3374
2500 N
Type 3274
4500 N
Type 3375
7500 N to 12500 N
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Special features
6 mm travel
Supply voltage
◊ Three-point stepping version: 230 V,
50 Hz or 24 V, 50 Hz
◊ Version with digital positioner: 24 V
AC (50 and 60 Hz) or 24 V DC
Three-point stepping version equipped
with synchronous motor and maintenance-
free gear or version with digital positioner
equipped with stepper motor
Motor switched off by torque switches Figure 9.4.2.1.-1: Type 5857 Electric Actuator
(three-point stepping version)
Handwheel for manual override
Travel indicator
Digital positioners
Automatic initialization after applying operating voltage
Reversed direction of action by activating a slide switch
Current travel calculated over the transit time
Operational status and errors indicated by LEDs
Adjustable actuating times (10 to 30 s)
Figure 9.4.2.1.-2: Memory pen 64
Blockage detection
Adjustable range of input voltage and output voltage
Configuration, parameterization, diagnostic function, and direct connection for
monitoring over TROVIS-VIEW software:
◊ Direct data transmission over a connecting cable (direct connection with PC)
◊ Data transmission over a memory pen
2 8 1
1.1
3 5
4
7
6
Mounting position
The actuator can be mounted in any position, except suspended downwards.
Electrical connection
Connecting cable with wire-end ferrules
Figure 9.4.2.3.-3: Controllers with Electric Actuators Type 5857 with Globe Valve Type 3222
N aL eL
WH BN GN WH white
BN brown
GN green
Control Feedback,
signal output
24 V, DC 0 to 10 V
0 to 10 V
+ _ + _ _ +
OG YE RD BK BN GN
BN brown GN green
BK black RD red
YE yellow OG orange
9.4.3.1 Application
Electric actuator with integrated digital controller used to position force-locking valves in
nominal sizes DN 15 to DN 25.
Domestic hot water heating control in instantaneous heating systems used in small to
medium-sized buildings connected to a district heating or local heat supply network.
The Type 5757 is a combination of a linear actuator and an integrated digital controller. It
is especially designed for DHW (Domestic Hot Water) heating in instantaneous heating
systems for small to medium-sized buildings. It is particularly suitable for mounting to
SAMSON Types 3222, 3222 N, 2488 and 3267 Valves as well as to special versions of
Type 3226 and Type 3260 Valves.
Special features
Control using two different set points, e.g. DHW temperature and DHW temperature
for thermal disinfection. A binary input is used to switch between the set points.
Function to maintain water temperature constant, preventing the heat exchanger from
cooling down between tapping
Direction of action reversible
◊ Globe valve opens when the actuator stem retracts (increasing / increasing)
◊ Three-way mixing valve mixes/diverts the flow(s) when the actuator stem extends
(increasing/decreasing)
Limit value monitoring
◊ The valve is closed by the actuator when the maximum adjustable limit value is
exceeded
◊ The frost protection function is started when the temperature falls below the minimum
adjustable limit
Configuration, parameterization, diagnostic function and direct connection for
monitoring over TROVIS-VIEW software
◊ Direct data transmission over a connecting cable (direct connection to PC)
◊ Data transmission over a memory pen
Special valve version available for small tapping amounts Accessories
◊ TROVIS-VIEW configuration software (6661-1062) for Type 5757 Controller with
Electric Actuator
◊ Hardware package with a memory pen – 64, a connecting cable and a modular
adapter
◊ Memory pen – 64
◊ Type 5207-0060 Pt 1000 Sensor
◊ Sensor pocket, order no. 1990-9249
◊ Flow rate sensor with extension cable with mating connector
◊ Flow switch
District heating
District heating
return flow
supply
2
1
3 6
VL RL
3 2 Hot water
1
Circulation circuit
4+7
4
5 Cold water
1 Heat exchanger
5 2 Type 5207-0060 Temperature Sensor incl. sensor pocket
3 Supply from district heating network
4 Type 5757 Controller with Electric Actuator
6 5 Flow rate sensor with cable
7
6 Return flow to district heating network
7 Valve, e.g. Type 3222
Figure 9.4.3.1.-1: Typical application: Type 5757 with Type 5207-0060 Pt 1000 Sensor incl. sensor pocket
and flow rate sensor
1 Heat exchanger
2 Type 5207-0060 Temperature Sensor incl. sensor pocket
3 Supply from district heating network (VL)
1 2 4 Type 5724/5725 Controller with Electric Actuator
5 Flow rate sensor with extension cable
6 Return flow from district heating network (RL)
7 Valve, e.g. Type 3222
8 Safety temperature monitor, e.g. Type 5313
3 (only in combination with Type 5725)
4
District heating
District heating
return flow
supply
Hot water
8
3 6
2
1
5
4+7 Circulation circuit
6 5 Cold water
7
Figure 9.4.3.1.-2: DHW heating in instantaneous heating system, typical application with Type 5724/5725
Special features
Control using two different set points, e.g. DHW
temperature and DHW temperature for thermal
disinfection
Manual setting possible at the set point
potentiometer or over TROVIS-VIEW
Configuration and Operator Interface
Function to maintain water temperature
constant, preventing the heat exchanger from
Type 5725-7
cooling down since the last hot water was
tapped
Pump output to control a circulating pump or a circulation circuit can alternatively be
used as a fault alarm output
Direction of action reversible:
◊ Globe valve opens when the actuator stem retracts (increasing / increasing)
◊ Three-way mixing valve mixes/diverts the flow(s) when the actuator stem extends
(increasing/decreasing)
Limit value monitoring:
◊ The valve is closed by the actuator when the maximum adjustable limit value is
exceeded.
◊ The frost protection function is started when the temperature falls below the minimum
adjustable limit.
Configuration, parameterization, diagnostic function, and direct connection for
monitoring over TROVIS-VIEW software:
◊ Direct data transmission over a connecting cable (direct connection to PC)
◊ Data transmission over a memory pen
15
12
12 15
6
0
15 12 6
0
6
0
0
50
10
0
3 11
4 1Controller with
electric actuator
1.1 Housing lid
1.2 Cable entry
A AB 2 Handwheel
(Type 5724 only)
3 Actuator stem
4 Coupling nut
B 8 Spring assembly
(Type 5725 only)
9 Scale for travel indication
10 Plug stem
11 Set point potentiometer
12 Serial interface
(RJ-12 jack)
Figure 9.4.4.2.-1: Functional diagram of Type 5724 and Type 5725
9.4.4.3 Examples of electrical actuator Type 5824/5825 with various control valves
Type 5825 Type 5825
with three way Valve Type 3260 with Flow regulator Type 2488
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Table 9.4.5.-3: Electro-mechanical and electro-hydraulic actuators
Type 3274-22 · F retracts of 1800 N and F extends of 2100 N operating direction of fail-
safe position: stem retracts.
Type 3274-23 · F retracts of 500 N and F extends of 3000 N operating direction of fail-
safe position: stem extends
Typetested versions
Type 3274-21 and Type 3274-23 Actuators (with fail-
safe action: stem extends) have been typetested
together with various SAMSON valves by German TÜV
according to DIN 32730. Register number available on
request.
Other certifications
CSA for version 110 V/60 Hz
NEMA 3
Override
The actuators are fitted with an electric or optionally a
mechanical override. Versions with fail-safe action are
supplied with electric override only.
Electric override
Figure 9.4.6.-2: Type 3274-15 to -18 There are two pushbuttons on the terminal box. Any
Electrohydraulic Actuator with travel position can be reached independent of the
mechanical override control signal. After the pushbutton is released, the
actuator reacts again according to the controller signal.
The control signal can be interrupted by opening the isolator terminal (81 in Figure
9.4.6.-6 to Figure 9.4.6.-8).
Mechanical override
The release button on the top of the actuator housing must be activated. An Allen key
(SW 24) can be used for adjustment. As soon as the release button is deactivated, the
actuator reacts again according to the controller signal.
Electric positioner
The positioner compares the controller signal to the signal issued by a potentiometer.
The potentiometer signal is proportional to the travel. The output variable produced by
the positioner is a three-point stepping control signal.
Zero and span for normal and split-range operation are adjustable within a broad range.
The operating direction (increasing / increasing or increasing/ decreasing) can be
selected. By an external make contact, the final position "retracted" or "extended" can
be reached.
This does not affect the safety function. The positioner has an additional output for valve
position feedback.
Potentiometer
Actuators can be equipped with one or two
potentiometers. Versions with positioner require
a potentiometer for valve position feedback to the
positioner.
Heating resistor
Heating the hydraulic oil increases the lower
temperature range. The heating resistor is not protected
by the internal fuse. We recommend that an external
fuse be used in accordance with the power consumption
data indicated on the nameplate.
Figure 9.4.6.-3: Actuator Type
Please also note the instructions for mounting positions 3274 with three way Valve
in the Mounting and Operating Instructions EB 8340 EN. Type 3260
Stem retracts 2100 500 4300 500 2100 500 4300 500 2100 1800 500
Stem extends 2000 3400 4300 7700 2000 3400 4300 7700 2000 2300 3400
With 30 mm travel
Thrust N
Stem retracts 2100 500 4300 500 2100 500 4300 500 2100 1800 500
Stem extends 1800 3000 4300 7300 1800 3000 4300 7300 1800 2100 3000
Power supply 230 V, 110 V, 24 V; 50 or 60 Hz (both ±10 %)
Power consumption 90 to 200 VA (maximum in version with half the actuating time and heating)
Perm. ambient
–10 to +60 °C Wider range (with heating resistor): –35 to +60 °C
temperature
Storage temperature –25 to +70 °C
Degree of protection IP 65
Control operation Duty cycling S4 according to VDE 0530/IEC 34 with 50% on-time
Electronics section of
Radio interference level according to DIN VDE 0875
motor
Central attachment M30 x 1.5 · Special version for Type 3214 Valve,
Mounting
DN 150 to 250
Additional electrical equipment
Power supply 230 V, 110 V, 24 V; 50 or 60 Hz (both ±10 %)
positioner
2
Type 3274-13,-14,-17,-18,-22
M
F
Type 3274-11...-18,-21,-23
F
a "e" "a"
e a a e
ϑ
Controller
M F
e 2
F
1 4
a In
retracts Out
extends
Priority position
ϑ
a e
"e" "a"
- + - +
(0)4 to 20 mA(0)4 to 20 mA
white Bridge essential
green
brown - + - + with 0(2) to 10 V
(0)2 to 10V (0)2 to 10V
Safety interlock circuit, Input
only with Type 3274-2x Control Output
signal
PE N L
Figure 9.4.6.-7: Circuit diagram for actuators with positioners
Heating resistor
M F 2
e
F 1 4
a retracts extends
ϑ "e" "a"
a e
N L aL eL a43e53 82 83 81 12 11 13 32 31 33 2.312.322.33
- +
(0)4 to 20 mA
+ Bridge essential
-
(0)2 to 10 V with 0(2) to 10 V
Output
PE N L
Controller
Safety interlock circuit,
with Type 3274-x only
Figure 9.4.6.-9: Globe Valve Type 3241 with electrohydraulic Actuator Type 3274-11
Technical data
Type 3374 -10 -11 -15 -21 -26 -31 -36
230 V, +10/–15 %, 50/60 Hz
Power supply 24 V, +10/–15 %, 50/60 Hz
120 V (90 to 132 V), 60 Hz
Power
VA Max. 18
consumption
Switch off Torque-dependent
Perm. ambient
°C 5 to 60
temperature
Storage
°C –20 to +70
temperature
IP 54 according to DIN IEC 529 · Suspended mounting
not permissible!
Degree of protection
IP 65 with cable glands (M20x1.5 with metal nut
SW 23/24)
Overvoltage category II
Design and inspection EN 61 010 Edition 3.94
Class of protection II
Noise immunity EN 61000-6-2
Noise emission EN 61000-6-3
Hex wrench · No adjustment possible after fail-safe
action is triggered Manual override in actuators with
Manual override
safety function only possible when op. voltage is
connected
Additional electrical equipment
Limit switches Two travel-dependent adjustable limit switches
250 V AC, 3 A
Two potentiometers: 0 to 1000 Ω (900 Ω at rated travel),
Potentiometers
max. 1m · Not with version inc. positioner
Input and output 0(4) to 20 mA · 0(2) to 10 V
Can be selected using selector switch · Additional set-
Digital positioner
aL eL N N L
a e e a
81 82 83
V mA
+ _ +
mA V V_
+ _ + + + V_ L N
31 32 33 13 12 11 81 82 83 84 L N
Position Input Binary Binary output Magnet only for version
transmitter input max. 25 mA with fail-safe action
Power
supply
Figure 9.4.7.2.-2: Wiring diagram
Principle of operation
The electric actuators consist of an asynchronous motor and a maintenance-free planetary
gear with ball screw. The motor is switched off by torque-dependent switches when the
end positions are reached or in case of overload.
Technical data
Type 3375 -10 -11
Safety function Without
Direction of action
Valve connection over M30x1.5 M60x1.5
Rated travel mm 30 60
Transit time for rated travel with
s 50 (42) 100 (84)
50 Hz (with 60 Hz)
Power supply 230 V, 50/60 Hz ±10 %
Operating mode (DIN VDE 0530) S3 - 50 % ED (1200 c/h)
Extends 12.5
Thrust [kN]
Retracts 12.5
Power consumption VA 180
Deactivation Torque-dependent
Perm. ambient temperature +5 °C to +60 °C
Storage temperature -20 °C to +70 °C
Technical data
IP 54 acc. to IEC 529 (IP 65 with cable
Degree of protection gland) Suspended mounting position not
permitted
Overvoltage category II
Design and inspection EN 61010 edition 3.94
Class of protection II
Noise immunity EN 61000-6-2
Noise emission EN 61000-6-3
Override Handwheel
Additional equipment
Limit switch Two pcs., 250 VAC, 3 A
Potentiometer Two pcs., 0 to 1000 Ω
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data
sheet.
Table 9.4.8.-1: Technical data
41 44 42 51 54 52 81 82 83 91 92 93
a e a e eL
M aL
>
*)
L N L1 eL aL e53 a43
ce c e
PSL202/AMS up to 2.3 kN
PSL204/AMS up to 4.5 kN
PSL208/AMS up to 8.0 kN
PSL210/AMS up to 10 kN
PSL214/AMS up to 14 kN
PSL320/AMS up to 20 kN
PSL325/AMS up to 25 kN
PSL320
PSL325
20 kN to 25 kN
PSL214
14 kN
PSL208
PSL210
8 kN to 10 kN
PSL201
PSL202
PSL204
1 kN to 4.5 kN
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Table 9.4.9.-1: PSL Electro-mechanical Actuators PSL 201 to PSL 208
Actuator Type PSL 210 PSL 214 PSL 320 PSL 325
24V/115V/230V/400V, 50 Hz or 60 Hz,
Power supply
24 V DC
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Table 9.4.9.-2: PSL Electro-mechanical Actuators PSL 210 to PSL 325
6
1
2
7
11
8
3
9
12 10
5
4
Characteristics for simple handling and for long, trouble-free operation which only PSL
actuators can offer in their class:
The tight cover, made of high-quality polycarbonate, sheet steel or cast aluminium
1
allows outdoor installation.
High-quality and high-efficiency motor used for a precise positioning and
2
controlling with high duty cycle.
Spur gear with minimum backlash and low wear for precise positioning of the
3
valve stem; high actuator output stiffness due to self-locking drive.
The proven disc spring coupling provides a defined setting force and tight closing;
4
the rotation lock serves as a mechanical stroke indicator.
The mounting pillars made of non-corrosive steel for simple, versatile mounting
5
to the valve.
Comfortable hand operation without switching from motor to manual operation;
6 the handwheel simultaneously indicates the operation and direction of operation
and helps during failure diagnosis.
7 Easily adjustable limit and signal switches.
8 Additional stroke switches or intermediate switches
9 Single or double potentiometer.
10 Space heater.
11 Electronic position transmitter.
12 Electronic positioner.
Table 9.4.9.1.-2: Characteristics for simple handling of PSL actuators
Figure 9.4.9.1.-3: Smart linear actuator with fail-safe unit on a globe valve
4
1
Speed-controlled actuation
The output is generated by a 24 VDC motor, which is controlled by the electronics
1 via pulse width modulation (PWM), i.e. it is operated at variable speed. Absolute-
coded feedback is done with a precision potentiometer. PS-AMS standard
equipment comprises positioner and active feedback function, automatic
commissioning as well as comprehensive diagnostics functions.
Mechanical design
The mechanical part of the PS-AMS actuator consists of the components of PS
Automation's standard actuators with their well-proven components, namely
2 a robust spur gear with trapezoidal thread in PSL-AMS, and a high-reduction
planetary differential gearbox with a handwheel permanently engaged via a
worm gear in PSQ-AMS. All PS actuators are lubricated for life and therefore
maintenance-free.
Electrical connection
The electrical wiring of PSL-AMS is done directly
to terminal blocks in the integrated terminal box.
3 PSQ-AMS uses a plug-and-socket system with
robust screw clamps in a separately attached
housing. The plug can be removed without
interfering with any existing cables, e.g. for
maintenance or exchange of the actuator.
Parameterization by Software
Our concept of monitoring current and voltage
permits adaptation of the actuator functions to
4 the process conditions in many ways. Via our
communication software PSCS it is possible to
adjust valve-specific details, actuation thrust/
torque and speed, to configure alerts, and to do a
freely programmable valve curve correction.
Diagnostics function
The diagnostics function of the communication
software PSCS allows to retrieve counting values
(such as operating hours, number of start-ups
and running time of motor) and sets of running
parameters (such as the analogue set value input,
actual position value, currently required motor
torque and inside temperature of the actuator).
5 The actual values can be graphically displayed
and analyzed using the monitor function.
Thus the PS-AMS concept allows pro-active
maintenance and as a result an increase in
process safety.
We are currently preparing a combined monitoring
system which will also give a trend prognosis of
the wear situation of the PS-AMS actuator.
Wireless communication
Due to the continual further development
and optimizing of the electronics and the
communication protocol, the signal processing
6 inside the actuator and the communication to the
outside are now designed to work even faster
and more reliably. Communication is feasible via
special communication software PSCS from the
PC or wireless via Bluetooth protocol from PC or
PDA.
11 1 = stroke scale
1
2 = spindle nut with locking device
10 2 3 = safety pin
4 = coupling piece
9 3 5 = valve mounting plate
6 = fastening nut
8 4
7 = valve body
8 = valve spindle
7 5
9 = swivel nut
6 10 = disc springs
11 = mounting pedestals
The valve must be suitably equipped to take the mounting pedestals. Please see the
individual dimension sheets for the actuator dimensions. Observe the following steps
when mounting the actuator:
Unscrew the swivel nut (item 9) from the spindle nut (item 2) and slide it over the valve
spindle (item 8).
See if the bore of the coupling piece fits the valve spindle. If necessary, rebore and/or
recut the thread.
Slide or screw the coupling piece (item 4) onto the valve spindle and bore or pin to the
valve spindle (disc springs, see chapter 8.2).
Slide the valve spindle with the coupling piece and disc springs (item 10) into the
spindle nut, screw on the swivel nut and tighten down using the cross slotted key
supplied.
Slide the actuating pedestals (item 11) into the bore holes of the valve mounting plate
and tighten with the fastening nuts.
The different methods of arranging the discs are dependent on the type of valve. Three
different methods are possible:
A: Arrangement for a through-valve with "Valve Spindle retracting" as direction of closing.
B: Arrangement for a through valve with "Valve Spindle extending" as direction of closing.
C: Arrangement for a 3-way valve.
Basic rule:
For a through-valve, first set the CLOSED position force/stroke-dependent, then the
OPEN position stroke-dependent
For a 3-way valve set both limit positions force/stroke-dependent.
PSL214
Note:
3-way valves using the spring disc arrangement "C" (Figure 9.4.9.5.-1)
require only half of the spring stroke designated in the spring diagram!
Once the end position is established, glue on the stroke indicator scale
onto a drive pedestal.
1 2 X1 = Internal wiring
X3 X10 1
2 X2 = Internal wiring
1 X2 3 X3 = Internal wiring
2 X9 2 X4 = Potentiometer connection
1 for PSAP
3 X5/1 = Neutral
X8 2 X5/2 = Motor phase to open
1 1
2
X4/16 X5/4 = Motor phase to close
X4/14 X5/6 = Thermo switch as potential-free
3 6
X4/15 contact
4 5
5 X7 4 X5/7 = Thermo switch as potential-free
6 3 contact
7 X1 2
8
X5/2
1
X6 = Additional position switch
X5/4 X7 = not used
9
10 X5/7
6 X8 = heating resistor
11 5 X9 = Potentiometer 2
X5/6
12 X6 4
13 X5/1 3
2
1 PE = Earth connection on housing
PE
Figure 9.4.9.9.-1: Wiring terminals
Two adjustable limit switches are installed to limit the stroke of the actuator, and cut-off
the motor current in the relative direction.
Most motors have a thermal switch, depending on the actuator type, to cut off the current
in both directions when a maximum temperature is reached (only at standard single
phase power supply). The thermal switch loop is closed by the bridge between the X5/6
and X5/7 connections (see Figure 9.4.9.9.-1).
If desired, the thermo switch can be wired to be monitored from the outside as follows:
Remove the bridge between connections X5/6 and X5/7.
Exchange the connections X1/11 and X1/13.
Make a conductivity check between connections X5/6 and X5/7(resistance has to be
zero)
Connect the thermo switch as potential-free contact to the connections X5/6 and X5/7.
1-Phase AC 3-Phase AC 12 V / 24 V DC
13
14
15
16
12
17
18
19
20
X5
11
X5 X5
PE
PE
7
6
4
2
1
0
1
2
4
Position
t
Position
L1
L2
L2
N
M2
M1
N L1
=
Index B
X4
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
L
S S t
R
Close Open
Figure 9.4.9.10.-1: Wiring diagram
Actuator pictures
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical data sheet.
Figure 9.4.10.-1: Electro-mechanical actuators
Standard version with surface-cooled squirrel-cage motor for 230 V AC or 400 V three-
phase alternating current. Equipped with two torque-dependent limit switches and three
limit contacts. Motor with temperature monitor (optional for Type SAM -01 to -23).
Type SAM -01 and SAM -1x ∙ Electric actuator with 30 mm rated travel and nominal
thrusts from 2 kN (SAM -01 and SAM -10) to 6 kN (SAM -13).
Type SAM -2x ∙ Electric actuator with 30 mm rated travel and nominal thrusts from 6 kN
(SAM -20) to 15 kN (SAM -23).
Type SAM -3x ∙ Electric actuator with 60 mm rated travel and nominal thrusts from 6 kN
(SAM -30) to 15 kN (SAM -33).
Type SAM -4x ∙ Electric actuator with 60 mm rated travel and nominal thrusts from 15 kN
(SAM -40) to 25 kN (SAM -42).
Type SAM -5x ∙ Electric actuator with 120 mm rated travel and nominal thrusts from 15
kN (SAM -50) to 25 kN (SAM -52).
Technical data
Type SAM- 01 10 11 12 13 20 21 22 23 30 31 32 33 40 41 42 50 51 52
Nominal
kN 2 2 3.5 4.5 6 6 8 12 15 6 8 12 15 15 20 25 15 20 25
thrust
Rated Standard 30 60 120
travel Optional 15 30 60
13.5 13.5
Speed of 17 13.5 ∙ 25 13.5 ∙ 25
mm/min 15 17 ∙ 25 ∙ 50 22 22 25 ∙ 50
response 34 ∙ 50 ∙ 50
40 40
Connecting thread M30 x 1.5 M60 x 1.5 M100 x 1.5
Degree of
IP 65
protection
Perm. ambient
-20 to +60 °C
temperature
Table 9.4.10.2.-2: Technical data of electrical Actuator Type SAM
Electrical equipment
2 torque-dependent switches
Standard version 3 travel-dependent switches
Motor coil with temperature monitor (see Table 9.4.10.2.-3)
1 or 2 potentiometers 100, 200 or 1000 Ω
1 position transmitter with output 4(0) to 20 mA
Options 1 positioner with input 4(0) to 20 mA or 0 to 10 V
(only with brake or synchronous motor)
1 heating resistor with temperature monitor
Table 9.4.10.2.-4: Electrical equipment
Klemmenanschluß
Figure 9.4.11.-1: Oil and gas markets open for new AUMA actuators
Generation .2 products from the modular electric actuator specialist offer weatherproof
functionality (IP 68) and II2G Ex de IIC T4 has been gained for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres.
Enhanced functionality provided in the Generation .2 range that are advancements over
the company’s original product series include extended lifetime, larger temperature
range and improved corrosion protection. Benefits for demanding applications include a
new coating offering superior corrosion protection at highest mechanical resistance and
a version for modulating duty offers an extended speed range / improved modulating
accuracy.
Development focus for Generation .2 centred on improved handling and operation. An
enlarged plug-in electrical connection provides improved connection facilities, a single
motor plug/socket connection is incorporated and AUMA’s proven handwheel activation
was optimised.
Integral controls for Generation .2 actuators are equipped with Bluetooth interfaces. With
the integration of torque, temperature and vibration sensors, new intelligent diagnostic
functions supply significant actuator status information such as torque characteristics
which can be captured at any time. Actuator feedback signals can be classified according
to NAMUR recommendation NE 107 and integrated into Asset Management systems.
Full compatibility with the company’s previous products is offered.
AUMA has a wide modular product range with electric multi-turn, part-turn, linear and
lever actuators, as well as several different valve gearboxes.
AUMA actuator controls, on request micro-processor controlled and available with a
variety of fieldbus interfaces, enable an ideal connection of the MOVs to the process
control. This makes it possible to find the suitable automation solution for almost every
valve.
Linear actuators are a combination of the multi-turn actuators SA and the linear thrust unit
LE. The linear actuators are available for open-close duty and modulating service:
Thrusts from 4 kN to 217 kN
Strokes from 50 mm to 500 mm
Velocity from 20 mm/min to 360 mm/min
Design features:
Torque range from 15 Nm to 4,000 Nm
Modulating range from 15 Nm to 1,600 Nm
Max. number of starts 1,200 c/h
Output speeds from 4 to 45 rpm
Limit and torque seating
Available with 3-ph AC, 1-ph AC motors Figure 9.4.11.1.-2: Multi-turn actuators
Handwheel for manual operation SA 07.1 – SA 16.1/SAR 07.1 – SAR 16.1
without integral controls (AUMA NORM)
Torques from 10 to 1,000 Nm
Ambient conditions:
High enclosure protection
High quality corrosion protection
Wide ambient temperature ranges
Options:
Switches in tandem version
Remote position transmitter
Figure 9.4.11.1.-3: Multi-turn actuators
Magnetic limit and torque transmitter SA 25.1 – SA 48.1 /SAR 25.1 – SAR 30.1
without integral controls (AUMA NORM)
Mechanical position indicator
Torques from 630 to 32,000 Nm
Interfaces:
Electrical connection via AUMA plug/ socket connector (optionally terminals)
Cable glands in different versions
Output drive types according to ISO or DIN standard
Applications
Power Oil & gas
Conventional power plants (coal, gas, oil) Exploration, offshore plants
Hydroelectric power plants Refineries
Geothermal power plants Distribution
Solar thermal power plants Gas tanks
Biogas power plants Tank farms
Applications
Water sector Industrial and special solutions:
Sewage treatment plants Air conditioning
Water treatment plants Food industry
Drinking water distribution Chemical/pharmaceutical industry
Seawater desalination Vessel and submarine shipbuilding
Steel construction for water resources Steel mills
Paper industry
Cement works
Mining
Table 9.4.11.1.-4: Applications
Figure 9.4.11.3.-1: Globe Valves Type 3251 with AUMA SAR and linear thrust unit LE
Technical data for Linear thrust unit LE 12.1 to LE 200.1 for multi-turn actuators
Features and functions
Linear thrust unit with multi-turn actuator for open-close duty (SA): Short-
time duty S2 Linear thrust unit with multi-turn actuator for modulating duty
Type of duty
(SAR): Intermittent duty S4 - 25 % based on maximum thrust for modulating
torque.
Self-locking Yes
Input speeds Refer to separate technical data
Standard: LH:
Clockwise rotation, i.e. actuator closes the valve in a clockwise rotation
Versions Option: RH:
Counterclockwise rotation, i.e. actuator closes the valve in a
counterclockwise rotation
The test to ensure the conformity with ATEX directive 94/9/EC were performed according to the
technical data. For other applications, please consult AUMA. 100 % load may only be applied for a
short time during opening and closing. During running operation, sufficient pause times have to be
respected. The type of duty must not be exceeded.
Technical data for Linear thrust unit LE 12.1 to LE 200.1 for multi-turn actuators
Linear thrust unit with multi-turn actuator for short-time duty (SAExC): Short-
Type of duty time duty S2, max. 3 cycles (OPEN - CLOSE - OPEN) based on mean
thrust and standard ambient temperature.
Thrust max. for LE 12.1 LE 25.1 LE 50.1 LE 70.1 LE 100.1 LE 200.1
modulating duty [kN] 6 12 153) 30 42 72
Linear thrust unit: II2G c IIC T4 according to ATEX CD 94/9/EC Multi-turn
Explosion protection
Actuator: II2G c IIC T4 according to ATEX CD 94/9/EC
– 20 °C to + 40 °C
Standard: – 40 °C to + 40 °C (low temperature)
Ambient temperature – 60 °C to + 40 °C (extreme low temperature)
Options:
only in combination with SAExC Combinations with actuators
SA(R)ExC at ambient temperatures > 40 °C with special sizing.
Further information
EU Directives ATEX Directive: (94/9/EC) Machinery Directive: (98/37/EC)
Information “Electric actuators and valve gearboxes according to ATEX …”
Reference documents Dimension sheet LE 12.1 to LE 200.1 with SA(R) or SA(R)ExC Technical
data sheets LE with SA(R) or SA(R)ExC.
1) for max. setting of torque switching at actuator, tolerance ± 20 %
2) Conversion factor for torque (T in Nm) into thrust (F in kN) for a mean adhesion factor of 0.15
(T = F x f)
3) For detailed information refer to separate technical data sheets: LE with SA(R)ExC
Table 9.4.11.3.-2: Technical data for Linear thrust unit LE 12.1 to LE 200.1 for multi-turn actuators
Connect coupling stud (∅ d 8) of linear thrust unit with valve stem. The type of connection
depends on the valve and is determined by the valve manufacturer.
"X"
h3
h3
"X"
h
Ø d4
L4
Ø d4
L2
Ø d8
H
d3
Ød9
Ø d2
Ø d1
Figure 9.4.11.4.-2: Connection
Attachment
kit Item
numbers for
Valve Series
3240
3250 1170-0354 1170-0395 1170-0356
3280 1170-0357
1170-0358
1170-0359
1170-0361
Table 9.4.11.4.-4: Attachment of electric linear actuators with connections according to DIN 3358
Connection acc.
F07 F10 F14 F16
to DIN 3358
15-801)
DN 15-150 200/250 - 200/250 - 200/250 -
100-150
Series 3240
1/2”-3”1)
NPS 1/2”-6” 8”-10” - 8”-10” - 8”-10” -
4”-6”
Series DN 15-100 15-100 125-200 50-100 125-2503) 250-5003) 125-2503) 250-5003)
3250/3280 NPS 1/2”-4” 1/2”-4” 6”-8” 1/2”-4” 6”-10”3) 10”-20”3) 6”-10”3) 10”-20”3)
Attachment acc. to
drawing No. 1170- 0354 0395 0356 0357 03582) 03592) 03602) 03612)
AUMA Type: AUMA Type: AUMA Type: AUMA Type:
Suitable for SAR/SARM SAR/SARM SAR/SARM 14.1+LE70.1 SAR/SARM
attachment to the 07.1+LE12.1 10.1+LE50.1 SAR/SARM 14.5+LE100.1 16.1+LE200.1
following electric
actuators: 2) SAR/SARM
07.5+LE25.1
1) Max. permissible thrust is 15 kN 3) DN 250, up to seat bore 200
2) The attachment kit includes the standard yoke
Options:
Three-position controller
Fieldbus interface (Profibus DP or Modbus RTU)
AUMA MATIC local controls with push buttons, selector switches and indication lights.
9.4.11.8 AUMATIC AC
As well as the AUMA MATIC’s basic functionality, the AUMATIC offers some other
advantages, e.g.
Programmable signal relays
Non-intrusive setting (option)
Adaptive positioner (option)
Fieldbus interfaces for Profibus DP, Modbus RTU, DeviceNet, Foundation Fieldbus
(option)
Monitoring and diagnostics
Logging of operating data
Cable-based or wireless programming interface for connecting a programming device
AUMATIC local controls with push buttons for operation and programming, selector
switch, display with plain text display, indication lights and programming interface.
9.4.11.9 Electric rotary-type actuator for control service (AUMA RIESTER KG)
In order to meet the various standards 3 different motor versions are available. They are
based on the standard version of AUMA NORM and can be completed with a control unit
(MATIC) for 3-point or steady input signal 4-20 mA.
Actuators AUMA NORM for external motor
Set point
control
(command variable)
The external motor control switches on or off
the motor of the actuator by means of electrical
contactors or Thyristor contactor units. External controller
The final control element can be returned to
the higher process controller by the actuator.
A position transmitter transmits the movement Motor control
of the final control element as standardized
To controll room
analog position transmission.
This signal can be put at the disposal of the
Local control
process control as actual value of the position
station
of the final element control or for a remote
indication. AUMA NORM
actual value
0 to 20 mA / 4 to 20 mA
potentiometer
Set point
Actuator with integrated motor control
(command variable)
AUMA MATIC and positioner
0 to 20 mA
The motorcontrol, local control station and 4 to 20 mA
positioner are an elegant and simple solution for
the automatization of motor control. The higher
process level stipulates the set point signal. The AUMA NORM
integrated positioner generates the set point and
signal to position the final control element in AUMA MATIC
dependency of the set point and actual value. with positioner
The position of the final signal element can be Local control station
returned to the process level.
Actual Value
0 to 20 mA
4 to 20 mA
Standard equiment
Accessories
Mechanic
DUO-limit
position
switching
indication
Precision
potentiometer
Position Reduction Tandem
in simple Heater
transmission gearing switching
or tandem
version
Figure 9.4.11.9.-4: AUMA NORM
9.4.11.12 Accessories
Tandem switches:
Used for switching different potentials. There are two compartments with galvanic
separate switches in a housing. Both switches are operated simultaneously, thereby
a determined switch sequence exists. One switch which is leading should be used for
signalization.
DUO-limit switching
for generating additional signals in any tow adjustable intermediate positions
whatever.
Mechanical position indicator at the actuator
The exact valve position is continuously indicated by a disc bearing the adjustable
symbols for open and closed. This indicator disc is visible through an indicator glass
in the switch compartment cover.
Reduction gearing
for the mechanical position indication and or electrical position transmission. With this
the entire valve travel is reduced to less than one full turn.
Precision potentiometer
for the analog position transmission. The potentiometer with high linearity provides a
proportional feedback signal being proportional to the travel.
Electrical position transducer type RWG or inductive IWG
for position transmission by an standard signal of 0/4 to 20 mA. Zero and span can
be set at the electrical board.
Space heater
By integrating a self-regulating space heater in the switch department condensation
is almost avoided during considerable temperature variation.
9.4.11.13 Motor
Three-phase motor
AUMA multi-turn actuators are serialized with three-phase motors (pot-type motor
without fan).
Technical data
Three-phase motor
Standard voltage 380 V/50 Hz; (220 V/50 Hz); 415 V/50 Hz;
(Only three-phase current) 500 V/50 Hz; 440 V/60 Hz; 460 V/60 Hz
Perm. Fluctuations max. ± 5%1)
Style IM B9 according to DIN IEC 34 part 7
Motor type Cage type
Degree of protection IP67 (attached to actuator)
Cooling method Natural cooling/surface cooling
Insulation class F according to VDE 0530
Electrical connection Up to SA 16.1: plug-in connector at actuator
Running time Direct
S4 - 25% relative running time ED, starting frequency for
Turn-on mode
SAR see technical data
Sense of direction Right and left (reversing)
Motor protection 3 thermo switches (standard) or thermistors
Table 9.4.11.13.-1:
1) Overvoltage and or too high frequencies can result in an inadmissible heating of the
motor. In case of undervoltage the torque of the motor (breakdown moment) is reduced
in quadratic proportion concerning the voltage dropping. When choosing the actuators
you have to consider the high voltage fluctuations.
Position transmission
A position transmission is only possible in combination with a reduction gearing.
Precision potentiometer
Technical specifications
Standard data: 0.2 kW; 1.5 W
Option: 0.1 kW; 1.0 kW or 5.0 kW available
Linearity: ≤ 1 %.
When using the potentiometer for regulating you must use a precision potentiometer
with a semi-conducting layer because of the low temperature drift.
A mechanical restriction of the reduction gearing makes it impossible that the potentiometer
Reaches the max. Value of resistance. Therefore, an external electrical balance is to be
installed.
The electronic transducer RWG and inductive position transmitter IWG can be operated
alternatively as 2-, 3- or 4-wire system for 0 to 20 mA (only 3- and 4-wire system) or 4 to
20 mA. An adaption in the field is possible at any time.
When using MATIC-Unit with positioner a 3- or 4-wire system can be used. An electronic/
inductive position transmission (3- or 4-wire system) with isolating transformer is to be
installed if a constant position transmission (0/4 to 20 mA) is required.
are indicated by 2 integrated LEDs (light-emitting diodes) in the motor control AUMA
MATIC and can be transmitted as collective fault signal to the control room.
4) Only with precision potentiometer with semi-conducting layer
AUMA regulating actuators are rated for intermittent duty S4 - 25%, permissible number
of starts see Figure 9.4.11.10.-1 and Table 9.4.11.14.-1 (description running time ED see
enclosure E)
Enclosure A: Electrical data for auma three-phase motors
Enclosure B: Electrical data for AUMA-Ex three-phase motors
Enclosure C: Motor control AUMA MATIC without positioner and with reversing
contactor MSP 110AC1--F11E1/KMS TP104/201
Enclosure D: Motor control AUMA MATIC with positioner and thyristor reversing
contactor MSP 111700--A21E1/KMS TP140/241
Enclosure E: Intermittent duty under the influence of starting process (S 4)
380 V, 50 Hz
Torque Current at
Nominal
during Type speed Speed Tripping
input Size Nominal
service 1/min 1/min torque Starting
kW current 1)
max. Nm
A (lN) A (ca) A (lA)
380 V, 50 Hz
Torque Current at
Nominal
during Type speed Speed Tripping
input Size Nominal
service 1/min 1/min torque Starting
kW current 1)
max. Nm
A (lN) A (ca) A (lA)
Attention!
AUMA pot-type motors are serialized with 3 thermoswitches or with ex-actuators
also PTC-thermistor to protect the windings (refer to terminal plans KMS). Our
warranty will lapse if those thermoswitches are not connected in the control circuit.
Note:
For all further data, accessories, and industry codes see the associated technical AUMA
data sheet and SAMSON TV-SK 9386-2, 9393 -2, 9394-1 / TV-SK 9402-1 E.
Zone 1, zone 21
These are zones, where a dangerous, explosive atmosphere consisting of gases
and/or vapors or dust is likely to occur in normal operation. In this zone only
category 1 and 2 equipment may be used.
Zone 2, zone 22
These are zones, where a dangerous, explosive atmosphere consisting of gases
and/or vapors or dust is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur,
will persist for a short period only. In this zone only category 1, 2 and 3 equipment
may be used.
Explosion-proof AUMA actuators and gearboxes correspond to equipment category II2G
or II2D and are therefore appropriate for use in zones 1 and 2 as well as 21 and 22.
Furthermore, various actuator types are suitable for use in group I, category M2 in mines.
Explosion groups
Temperature
I IIA IIB IIC
classes
Acetone,
Ethane,
Ammonia,
T1 Benzol,
Methane Town gas Hydrogen
(450 °C)1) Acetic acid,
Methanol,
Propane,
Toluene, etc.
Thylalcohol,
n-Butane, Ethylene,
T2
n-Butanol, Ethylene Acetylene
(300 °C)
Dichloroethane, oxide
etc.
Benzine,
Diesel fuel,
T3
Aircraft fuel,
(200 °C)
n-Hexane,
Fuel oil…
T4
Ethanol Ethyl ether
(135 °C)
T5
(100 °C)
T6
Carbon-disulphide
(85 °C)
1) (max. permissible surface temperatures)
Table 9.5.6.-1: Explosion groups
that the required tasks are performed in compliance with the safety requirements.
Inspections and maintenance work can be scheduled on a long-term basis by signing
maintenance contracts with the AUMA service department.
Marking
1 Approved mark of the applicable
1 standard here: CENELEC
(responsible for the EU)
2 Explosion protection classification -
electrical explosion protection
3 Number of the EC-Type-
examination certificate starts with
the abbreviation of the notified body
here PTB (Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt)
1
5
2 3 4
Combinations
Multi-turn actuator/linear thrust unit
SAExC/LE
thrusts as from
4 kN – 217 kN
travels up to 500 mm
running speeds between
20 mm/min and 360 mm/min
II2G EEx de IIC T4
II2G c IIC T4
II2D Ex tD A21 IP6X T130°C
Auma Multi-turn actuators e.g. for gate valves and globe valves
Multi-turn actuators
SAEx 25.1 – SAEx 40.1
torque between 630 and 16 000 Nm
speed between 4 and 90 rms
II2G EEx ed IIB T4
II2G c IIB T4
II2D Ex tD A21 IP6X T130°C
Figure 9.5.7.-7: Multi-turn actuators e.g. for gate valves and globe valves
Explosion proof
1) http://www.schischek.com
Ambient
-20 to + 40°C at T6 / -20 to + 50°C at T5
temperature
Ambient -30 to + 40°C at T6 / -30 to + 50°C at T5 - limited force approx.
temperature -30 °C 60% of the nominal value, e.g. 5 kN = 3 kN (max), Icing is not
Humidity 0 to 95 % rH non condensing
Motor Brush less DC Motor
Supply voltage,
24 to 230 V AC/DC + 15/- 20 %, 50 to 60 Hz ± 20 %
Frequency
Operation mode S3/50 % ED = duty cycle (max. 600 operating cycles / h)
Power consumption Max. 20 W (in acc. with voltage, I Start >> I rated)
Heater consumption Approx. 16 W, (motor is not running in this moment)
Cable gland M20 ∙ 1.5 II2GD Ex-e approved, Gable diameter 0.6 to 13 mm
Change from auto to hand mode with sidewise (red) switch and
Manual override
turn with the all en key top side
Necessary Valve adaptation in acc. with valve manufacturer, Type and
accessories: nominal size (diameter).
Table 9.5.8.1.-1: Technical data of Type ExRun and Type RedRun Valve actuators
Mounting of to ..Switch
Hazardous Locations
Hazardous locations
Safe area
Zone 1, 2, 21, and 22
Supply
24 to 230 V AC/DC
Version ExRun- ...-S
Limit switches 24 V / 1 A 230 V / 0.25 A
Version ExRun- ...-P
Potentiometer 0 to 1000 Ω
Version ExRun-...-U
Feedback 0 to 10 V / 4 to 20 mA
Internal switches
Feedback signal V / mA
Piston Forces
A1 Extending
pe = Gage pressure
A1, A2 = Piston areas
F1
F1 = Piston force when extending
F2 = Piston force when retracting
d1 d 1 = Piston diameter
pe
d 2 = Piston rod diameter
η = Efficiency
Retracting
A2 N
1bar = 10
cm2
F2
F = pe ∙ A ∙ η
d2 pe
Example:
What are the effecitive piston forces?
Hydraulic cylinder with d1 = 100 mm, d2 = 70 mm, η = 0.85 and pe = 60 bar.
Extending
N π ⋅ (10 cm )
2
N π ⋅ (10 cm ) − ( 7 cm )
2 2
F2 = pe ⋅ A 2 ⋅ η = 600 ⋅ ⋅ 0.85 = 20,428 N
cm2 4
Highlights
Small size – high torque
P 67, IP 68 on request
Contact free limit switches
Position indicator
Small oil capacity
Low noise level
ATEX, optinal
Bus Interface, optional
Submersible, optional
Energy efficient, cost saving
Figure 9.6.1.6.-1: Rotary valve with PLEIGER hydraulic actuator (Photo: VETEC)
1 http://www.pleiger.de
Figure 9.6.2.-1: Welland & Tuxhorn - Hydraulic actuating system Type NBF 400
Hydraulic
Actuator
Figure 9.6.2.-3: Control valves for water and steam Type RVG with Hydraulic Actuator
9.6.2.1 Functions
Secure positioning of main control valves in control circuits of power stations and all other
types of technical processing facilities. Solutions for complex control and regulation tasks;
also with the assistance of compact form Profibus connectors.
Integration of safety functions such as turbine, boiler or condenser protection. Provision
of emergency strokes during auxiliary energy malfunctions.
Advantages
Easy to regulate
Very high operating force
Very high rigidity
High operating-velocity
Prototype tested and approved according to TRD 421
Safe positioning with cup springs
Variable configuration due to modular construction methods
Double-acting cylinders
9.6.2.2 Design
The hydraulic power array consists of a drive assembly (see Figure 9.6.2.-1); the servo
valve serves as actuating element and the cylinder as drive element
for the control valve (see Figure 9.6.2.-3.
Hydraulic
Generally, the input of the set point value follows as an analogue Actuator
electrical signal, and can originate from several sources.
The actual value of the controlled variable is read by the measurement
device and is then also converted into an analogue signal.
The actual value comparison follows in the measuring device.
This means that the control difference is arrived at.
This is then amplified, assigned a particular transmission behavior
(PID behavior) and added as control variable to the servo valve.
The amplifier to the servo valve is located between the controller
and the servo valve.
This interface converts the control variable current into magnetic
current, and also contains the position regulatory system of the
servo valve.
Figure 9.6.2.3.-3: HYDRAULIC SERVO SYSTEMS TYPE "NBF" 160, 250, 400, 630
for Control Valves Safety Functions acc. to TÜV. SV. 92-886
Data Sheet for Control Valves ( - Minimum details for the selection and the sizing of one valve)
1 Site of control
2 Measuring and control task
7 Pipeline
8 Pipe material DN ... PN ... Class ...
12 Process medium
13 State at the input - liquid - steam - vapor
16 Flow rate
17 Input pressure p1
18 Output pressure p2
19 Temperature T1
20 Input density p1 or M
21 Steam pressure Pv
22 Critical pressure Pc
23 Kinematic viscosity v
31 Calculation of max. flow rate coefficient Kv
32 Calculation of min. flow rate coefficient Kv
33 Selected flow rate coefficient Kvs
34 Calculated sound pressure level ... dB(A)
35 Control Valve Type
36 Style
38 Nominal pressure PN ...
39 Nominal size DN ...
40 Type of connection - flange - welding end - welded-neck end - DIN/ - ANSI
Valve body
63 Bench range
64 Fail-safe action - closed - open - stop
66 Other operating mode - electric - electrohydraulic - hand-operated
67 Fail-safe action with three-way valve
68 Additional manual operation - no - yes
70 Positioner Type
Positioner
Table 9.7.-1: Data Sheet for Control Valves according to DIN EN 60 534-7
9.8 Data Sheet for Control Valves according to ISA Form S20.50. Rev. 1
Project Data Sheet of
Unit Date
P. O . Spec
Item Tag
Contract Dwg
Mfr Serial* Service
1 Fluid Crit Press Pc
Units Max Flow Norm Flow Min Flow Shut-O ff
2 Flow Rate –
3 Inlet Pressure
SERVICE CONDITIONS
4 Outlet Pressure
5 Inlet Temperature
6 Density / Spec Grav / Mol Wt –
7 Viscosity / Spec Heat Ratio –
8 Vapor Pressure Pv –
9 * Required Cv –
10 * Travel % 0
11 Allowable/*Predicted SPL dB(A) –
12
41 80 * Set Pressure
42 81 Filter Gauges
82
43 NEC C lass Group Div.
SPECIALS / ACCESSORIES
44 83 * Hydrostatic Pressure
45 84 ANSI/FCI Leakage Class
TESTS
46 85
47 86
48 Rev Date Revision Orig App
49
50
51
52
* Information supplied by manufacturer unless already specified.
Table 9.8.-1: Data Sheet for Control Valves according to ISA Form S20.50. Rev. 1