Nelson Mandela

Nelson Mandela
A endzela Amerika hi Mawuwani 1993.
Presidenti ya Afrika-Dzonga ya vukhume(10th)
E ofisini 27 Dzivamusoko 1994 – 14 Khotavuxika 1999
Xandla xa Presidenti	Frederik Willem de Klerk Thabo Mbeki
U landzela	Frederik Willem de Klerk
A landzeriwa hi	Thabo Mbeki
18th Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement
E ofisini 3 Ndzhati 1998 – 14 Khotavuxika 1999
U landzela	Andrés Pastrana Arango
A landzeriwa hi	Thabo Mbeki
U tswariwe hi	18 July 1918 (1918-07-18) Mvezo, Eastern Cape, Afrika-Dzonga
Ntlawa wa politiki	African National Congress

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela(IPA: [xolíɬaɬa mandéːla]; loyi a tswariweke hi 18 Mawuwani 1918) i khale ka Presidenti ya Afrika Dzonga, i wo sungula ku hlawuriwa eka nhlawulo wa xidemokirasi lowu yimeleka vanhu hinkwavo. Loko nga si hlawuriwa , Mandela a a lwisana na mfumo wa xihlawuhlawu(apartheid) tanihi murhangeri wa African National Congress na vuthu ra nyimpi leri tiviweke hi ra Umkhonto we Sizwe. U hete 27 wa malembe ekhotsweni, yo tala ya wona eXihlaleni xa Robben, ehenhla ko voniwa milandzu leyi hlanganisaka ku kavanyeta matirhele ya mfumo wa xihlawuhlawu.

Exikarhi ka lava a va lwisana na mfumo wa xihlawuhlawu eAfrika-Dzonga na le misaveni hinkwayo, u vile mfungo wa ntshuxeko na ringana ka vanhu, hala tlhelo mfumo wa xihlawuhlawu na matiko lawa a ma wu seketela va nwi voneke yena na ANC tanihi mukhomanisi na mutherorisi.

Endzhaku ko tshunxiwa ekhotsweni hi 11 Nyenyenyani 1990, ku cinca ka yena eku tirhiseni ndlela yo vuyelelana na burisana swi pfune ku hundzula Afrika-Dzonga leswaku yi va tiko ra tinxaka to hambanahambana. Ku sukela loko mfumo wa xihlawuhlawu wu herile, u bumabumeriwe ngopfu hi vanhu vo tala, ku hlanganisa na valala vakwe va nkarhi lowu hundzeke.

Mandela u amukele masagwadi lama tlulaka dzana endzeni ka makume-mune wa malembe, leyi tivekaka ngopfu eka tona i mbuyelo wa kurhula wa Nobel (Nobel Peace Prize) hi lembe ra 1993. Enkarhini wa sweswi u tlangeriwa tanihi mufumi loyi a dyuhaleke loyi a ha riki na rito etimhakeni to tala. EAfrika-Dzonga u tiveka ngopfu hi ra Madiba, Vito ro hlawuleka leri nyikiwaka vakulu/tihosi ta rixaka ra va ka Mandela. Vito leri ri sungule ku tirhisiwa ngopfu ku vulavula hi Nelson Mandela.

Mandela u kombe Mahatma Gandhi tanihi munhu loyi a veke na nhlohlotelo ngopfu evutonwini bya yena, hi ta Filosofi ya ku tirhisa kurhula no langutana na vuxanisi hi ndlela leyi xiximekaka.

Malembe ya vutomi yo vunthswa bya yena

Kutswariwa na rixaka

Nelson Mandela hi 1939

Mandela uvelekiwa eka ri xaka ra vaThembu leri (hintolovelo) fumeka e migangeni ya Transkayi e hansi ka Phurovinci ya Kapa e ka nhlangano wa Afrika Dzonga. U bebuleriwe eka muganga lowu tsonga wa Mvezo e xifundzeni xa Umtata, Nstindza wa Transkayi. Kokwa wa yena akuri Ngubengcuka (Loyi a lovekeka hi lembe ra 1832), Hosi-leyi fumaka ya vaThembu, lava eku heteleleni va hluriweke mfumo wa vukolonyi wa manghezi. Unwe wa majaha ya hosi, leyi a yi tiviwa hi ra Mandela, u ve kokwana wa Nelson, loyi a veke xihlovo xa Xivongo. Leswi a veke nwana wa hosi hi nsati wa le ximatsini wa rixaka ra vaka Ixhiba, Swi hluke swa rhavi ra yena a swi nga faneleki ku teka vuhosi bya vaThembu. Tata wa kwe, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (1880–1928), hambiswiritano u vekiwile tani hi ndhuna ya ximutana xa Mvezo. Endzaku ko papalata mfumo wa vukolonyi, u tekeriwe mfumo naswona a rhurisiwa aya e Qunu na muti wakwe. Hambiswiritano, Gadla a a hari unwana wa vandla ra hosi, naswona u hoxe xandla eku vekiweni ka Jongintaba Dalindyebo e vuhosini bya vaThembu, loyi a nwi hakeleke hi ku teka Mandela ehansi ka timpapa takwe, endzaku ka rifu ra Gadla. Tata wa Mandela a a ri na vasati va mune, lava va nwi velekeleke vana va khume-nharhu(mjaha ya mune na tintombhi ta nkaye). Mandela u tswariwe hi nsati wa wa vunharhu wa Gadla ('Wa vunharhu' hi kuya hi mpimo wa rixaka ra vuhosi), Nosekeni Fanny, nwana wa nhwana wa Nkedama loyi a a ri wa vaMpemvu va rixaka ra ma Xhosa, Yindlu ya xinene, laha Mandela a kuleleke e ximutanini xa kona. Vito ro nyikiwa ra yena Rolihlahla ri vula leswaku "kukoka rhavi ra murhi", kumbe hi laha kutolovelekeke, "nwa-timholova".

Mintshaho

• Mandela, Nelson (1996). The illustrated long walk to freedom. Paul Duncan (abridgement and picture editing). Boston: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0316880205.