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The MathML Accessibility API Mappings (MathML-AAM) specification defines how user agents map Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) [MathML3] to platform accessibility APIs. It extends the Core Accessibility API Mappings (CORE-AAM) specification [CORE-AAM-1.2].
This specification is intended for user agent developers responsible for MathML accessibility in their product. The goal of this specification is to maximize the accessibility of MathML content by ensuring each assistive technology receives MathML content with the roles, states, and properties it expects.
At the present time, this specification contains mappings for the subset of MathML contained in the MathML Core specification [MathML-Core]. The reason why is that this subset contains the elements and attributes from MathML which are exposed to assistive technologies via platform accessibility APIs.
The MathML-AAM is part of the WAI-ARIA suite described in the WAI-ARIA Overview.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at https://www.w3.org/TR/.
This document is a work in progress.
To provide feedback, please create or comment on an issue in the W3C MathML Accessibility API Mappings GitHub repository. If this is not feasible, send email to [email protected].
This document was published by the Accessible Rich Internet Applications Working Group as an Editor's Draft.
Publication as an Editor's Draft does not imply endorsement by W3C and its Members.
This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.
This document was produced by a group operating under the W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.
This document is governed by the 03 November 2023 W3C Process Document.
As well as sections marked as non-normative, all authoring guidelines, diagrams, examples, and notes in this specification are non-normative. Everything else in this specification is normative.
The key word MUST in this document is to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
The classification of a section as normative or non-normative applies to the entire section and all sub-sections of that section.
Normative sections provide requirements that authors and user agents, and assistive technologies MUST follow for an implementation to conform to this specification.
Non-normative sections provide information useful to understanding the specification. Such sections may contain examples of recommended practice, but it is not required to follow such recommendations in order to conform to this specification.
There are currently no deprecated requirements.
User agents MUST conform to General rules for exposing WAI-ARIA semantics in [CORE-AAM-1.2].
User agents MUST conform to Conflicts between native markup semantics and WAI-ARIA in [CORE-AAM-1.2].
User agents MUST conform to Exposing attributes that do not directly map to accessibility API properties in [CORE-AAM-1.2].
MathML Specification |
annotation
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:annotation
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: TBD
|
MathML Specification |
annotation-xml
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:annotation-xml
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: TBD
|
MathML Specification |
maction
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:maction
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: TBD
|
MathML Specification |
math
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | math role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 |
Use WAI-ARIA mapping
|
UIA |
Use WAI-ARIA mapping
|
ATK |
Use WAI-ARIA mapping
|
AX API |
Use WAI-ARIA mapping
|
MathML Specification |
merror
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:merror
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathRow
|
MathML Specification |
mfrac
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_MATH_FRACTION Object Attribute: tag:mfrac
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathFraction AXAttributes: AXMathFractionNumerator pointing to the first in-flow childAXMathFractionDenominator pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
mi
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:mi
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathIdentifier
|
MathML Specification |
mmultiscripts
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mmultiscripts
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathMultiscript
AXAttributes:
|
MathML Specification |
mn
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:ms
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathNumber
|
MathML Specification |
mo
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:mo
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathOperator
|
MathML Specification |
mover
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mover
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathUnderOver AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow child AXMathOver pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
mpadded
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mpadded
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: TBD
|
MathML Specification |
mphantom
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mphantom
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathRow
|
MathML Specification |
mprescripts
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mprescripts
|
AX API | Not mapped |
MathML Specification |
mroot
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_MATH_ROOT Object Attribute: tag:mroot
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathRoot AXAttributes: AXMathRootRadicand is an array containing the first in-flow child as its unique element,AXMathRootIndex pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
mrow
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mrow
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathRow
|
MathML Specification |
ms
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:ms
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: nil
|
MathML Specification |
mspace
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK | Not mapped |
AX API | Not mapped |
MathML Specification |
msqrt
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_MATH_ROOT Object Attribute: tag:mroot
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathSquareRoot AXAttributes: AXMathRootRadicand is an array containing the in-flow children
|
MathML Specification |
mstyle
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:mstyle
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathRow
|
MathML Specification |
msub
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:msub
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathSubscriptSuperscript AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow childAXMathSubscript pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
msubsup
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:msubsup
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathSubscriptSuperscript AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow child AXMathSubscript pointing to the second in-flow childAXMathSuperscript pointing to the third in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
msup
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:msup
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathSubscriptSuperscript AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow childAXMathSuperscript pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
mtable
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_TABLE Object Attribute: tag:mtable Interface(s): AtkTable
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathTable
|
MathML Specification |
mtd
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_TABLE_CELL Object Attribute: tag:mtd Interface(s): AtkTableCell
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathTableCell
|
MathML Specification |
mtext
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_STATIC Object Attribute: tag:mtext
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathText
|
MathML Specification |
mtr
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_TABLE_ROW Object Attribute: tag:mtr
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathTableRow
|
MathML Specification |
munder
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:munder
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathUnderOver AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow childAXMathUnder pointing to the second in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
munderover
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:munderover
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: AXMathUnderOver AXAttributes: AXMathBase pointing to the first in-flow childAXMathUnder pointing to the second in-flow childAXMathOver pointing to the third in-flow child
|
MathML Specification |
none
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:none
|
AX API |
AXRole: TBD AXSubrole: TBD
|
MathML Specification |
semantics
|
---|---|
[wai-aria-1.1] | No corresponding role |
MSAA + IAccessible2 | TBD |
UIA | TBD |
ATK |
Role: ATK_ROLE_SECTION Object Attribute: tag:semantics
|
AX API |
AXRole: NSAccessibilityGroupRole AXSubrole: TBD
|
This section is non-normative.
The following people contributed to the development of this document.
This publication has been funded in part with U.S. Federal funds from the Department of Education, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), initially under contract number ED-OSE-10-C-0067, then under contract number HHSP23301500054C, and now under HHS75P00120P00168. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Education, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.