Sociology

La pedagogía, como disciplina científica y filosófica racional acerca de la educación, ha visto cuestionada su legitimidad tras la llegada de la posmodernidad. Ésta ha traído consigo la sospecha de la racionalidad y los valores que han regulado tradicionalmente la actividad educativa. Pero, ¿con qué fuerza van a sostener los pedagogos la racionalidad de sus propuestas? ¿Sigue siendo la educación un ámbito propicio para el cultivo de la razón en los educandos? Cuestiones decisivas como éstas están reclamando la reconstrucción de la razón pedagógica, reconstrucción que ha de servirse de los escombros de la deconstrucción posmoderna, eso sí, sin renunciar al espíritu de la modernidad democrática y a buena parte de su legado axiológico.

Objective: Hospital death patterns and predictors can illustrate the general image of certain parameters of the healthcare system. Studies related to the pattern of in-hospital deaths in Mongolia are lacking. Thus, we aimed to determine the patterns and predictors of death among hospitalized adult patients in Mongolia in 2020. Methods: Data from 86 hospitals providing inpatient care in Mongolia were used. 1795 hospital deaths from 296,083 hospital admissions were analyzed between the 1st of January and the 30th of June 2020. Results: The mean age of the participants was 56.3 ± 15.3 years, 59.4 % were male, and the median hospital stay was 2.2 days. In this study, weekend admission, urban setting, older age, and male gender were significant predictors of in-hospital death. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender and weekend admission were significant predictors of in-hospital death. In addition, people who died at different levels of hospitals were significantly differ...

This paper begins with an effort to build the quality of education in the Palestinian Ministry of Education's 2017-2022 Strategic Plan for Education. From these efforts, the Palestinian Ministry of Education agreed to the design of the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals program, especially regarding quality education. This is seen in the target to be achieved to ensure equal access by 2030 to all levels of education and vocational training for marginalized groups, including people with disabilities. Through qualitative methods, the data collection technique used is library research for primary data obtained from the Strategic Plan for Education 2017-2022 by the Palestinian Ministry of Education and news contained on websites, youtube and journals in the 2017- 2023 range. Secondary data as supporting data is obtained using relevant literature in the form of analysis results or assessment reports from government, private or research institutions. After the review, it was reveal...

Assignments are one of the strategies that teachers employ to teach students how to become disciplined and responsible individuals. However, many students procrastinate in their studies, which prevents them from developing independent, disciplined, and responsible traits, as outlined in the Pancasila Student Profile. The research objectives encompass the following: first, identifying the causes of academic procrastination among students. Second describing the attitudes of teachers towards addressing academic procrastination. Third, examining the efforts made by teachers in fostering discipline in student learning. The research methodology employed is qualitative research, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation as the primary methods for data collection. The research subjects consisted of students in grades IV and V who exhibited procrastination tendencies, as well as teachers in the same grade levels. The data analysis process involved three steps: data reduction, dat...

This paper draws attention to the translation of ethical norms between the theoretical discourses of philosophers and practical discourses in public health. It is suggested that five levels can be identified describing categories of a transferral process of ethical norms – a process we will refer hereto as “translational ethics”. The aim of the described process is to generate understanding regarding how ethical norms come into public health policy documents and are eventually referred to in practice. Categorizing several levels can show how ethical-philosophical concepts such as norms are transforming in meaning and scope. By subdividing the model to five levels, it is suggested that ethical concepts reduce their “content thickness” and complexity and trade this in for practicability and potential consensus in public health discourses from level to level. The model presented here is illustrated by showing how the philosophical-ethical terms “autonomy”, “dignity”, and “justice” are ...

The concept of solidarity recently (re)emerged as “new kid on the block” in bioethics. The question is how this concept can be understood in a global perspective as it is intended to be a moral basis for medical research systems, donation systems, and learning health systems. This necessitates an intercultural analysis of the concept of solidarity. To this end, we explored the common ground between understandings in Western Europe and East Asia. We started our ethical inquiry with an examination of the Dutch concept of solidariteit and the Japanese concept of kizuna. Subsequently, we disentangled these understandings and confronted them with each other, particularly on reciprocity as key aspect of solidarity. Lastly, we explored how these insights would impact the biomedical practice of (non)participation in solidarity-based systems. Our analyses revealed that the understandings of solidarity found common ground in the similarity or spiritual bond in a relevant context with other hu...

Aim. School segregation is a common theme of children’s books on minority groups living in the United States. Although it is primarily associated with black-white racial divisions, currently it also concerns white-Latino or rich-poor disparities. The aim of this paper is to analyse children’s picture books featuring Latino and African American characters who participate in the struggle against school segregation. The authors of the books, being members of racial minorities themselves, offer differing perspectives on the problem. Although they criticise school segregation, they also focus on the white perspective and the reasons why integrating schools has always been hard to achieve. Methods. The study analyses the visual and verbal narratives of selected picture books using a variety of methods for examining this literary format. Among others, it applies the theory of picture book analysis by Martin Painter, William Moebius, Maria Nikolajeva and Carole Scott. Results. The article s...

The objective of research was to analyze the effect of remuneration, work discipline, and motivation on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. This study employed descriptive and quantitative methods with linear regression. The sampling technique used was Stratified Random Sampling with 68 employees being the sample. The result of research showed that: 1) tstatistic = 2.857 > ttable = 1.663 (at α = 5%), meaning that Remuneration affects discipline significantly, 2) tstatistic= 5.375 > ttable = 1.663 (at α = 5%), meaning that remuneration affects motivation significantly, 3) tstatistic= 0.229 < ttable = 1.663 (at α = 5%), meaning that discipline does not affect performance significantly, 4) tstatistic= 1.962 > ttable = 1.663 (at α = 5%), meaning that motivation affects performance significantly; 5) t statistic = 2.470 > t table = 1.663 (pada α = 5%), meaning that remuneration affects employee performance, 6) Fstatistic = 4.955 > Ftable = 2.710 (sig...

Despite the fact that the integration model of education was introduced in Slovenia 17 years ago, the inclusion of persons with special needs into education and community remains a major challenge. In order to improve their opportunities, the largest special school in Ljubljana has for ten years organised an international festival Play with me, with the main aim of supporting inclusion of people with special needs with the rest of the population. The organisers aim to create opportunities for all to take part together in various play, sport and artistic activities. The paper presents the findings of a study in which the inclusive practices of the festival were researched and evaluated. The study was aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the role a special school can play in the creation of a more inclusive society. Data were gathered using an online questionnaire targeting the mentors and volunteers who accompanied participants at the festival. 132 mentors and 64 volunteers res...

Abstrak Perilaku melanggar peraturan merupakan perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan dan norma- norma yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup hedonis dengan perilaku melanggar peraturan etika berbusana mahasiswa Pendidikan IPS FIS UNY; (2) mengetahui hubungan perilaku konsumtif dengan perilaku melanggar peraturan etika berbusana mahasiswa Pendidikan IPS FIS UNY, dan; (3) mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup hedonis dan perilaku konsumtif secara bersama-sama dengan perilaku melanggar peraturan etika berbusana mahasiswa Pendidikan IPS FIS UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan IPS sebanyak 366 orang. Ukuran sampel penelitian sebanyak 188 orang ditentukan dengan rumus Isaac dan Michael dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%, selanjutnya cara pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan data me...