Cutting the Root of Samsara
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About this ebook
The third volume of Lama Zopa Rinpoche's teachings given during the 24th Kopan lam-rim course in 1991 includes a clear discussion on sexual misconduct, an explanation of how karmic appearance and emptiness are intertwined and a multifaceted commentary on the eight Mahayana precepts motivation.
The series offers lightly edited transcripts in four volumes that we hope will convey the feeling of being in Nepal for the one-month Kopan course. You can also find many other annual Kopan teaching course transcripts published on LamaYeshe.com for reading online or for downloading as a pdf for later study.
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Lama Zopa Rinpoche
Lama Zopa Rinpoche is one of the most internationally renowned masters of Tibetan Buddhism, working and teaching ceaselessly on almost every continent. He is the spiritual director and cofounder of the Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (FPMT), an international network of Buddhist projects, including monasteries in six countries and meditation centers in over thirty; health and nutrition clinics, and clinics specializing in the treatment of leprosy and polio; as well as hospices, schools, publishing activities, and prison outreach projects worldwide.
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Cutting the Root of Samsara - Lama Zopa Rinpoche
Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive
Bringing you the teachings of Lama Yeshe and Lama Zopa Rinpoche
This ebook is made possible by kind supporters of the Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive who, like you, appreciate how LYWA makes the teachings of Lama Yeshe and Lama Zopa Rinpoche freely available in myriad formats, including on the Archive website for researching, listening, reading and downloading, shared daily with our social media communities, and distributed worldwide as audio books, ebooks and free books. Please join us in sharing the Dharma with beings everywhere for the happiness and benefit of all. Learn how by visiting us at LamaYeshe.com. Thank you so much and please enjoy this ebook.
Table of Contents
CUTTING THE ROOT OF SAMSARA
The Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive
Introducing the Kopan Teaching Series
How the Kopan Courses Began
Lecture 16
Phenomena don’t exist as they appear
Karma: The four suffering results of sexual misconduct
Karma: The four happy results of abstaining from sexual misconduct
Individual and collective karma: The drought in Africa
Three beings see a bowl of liquid differently
The appearance at death comes from the mind
Everything comes from the mind
Lecture 17
The purpose of the eight Mahayana precepts
The three types of suffering
The disadvantages of self-cherishing
The kindness of others
The eight Mahayana precepts ceremony
Lecture 18
The eight Mahayana precepts motivation: The four noble truths
The eight Mahayana precepts motivation: How the twelve links work
The eight Mahayana precepts motivation: Everything comes from the mind
The eight Mahayana precepts ceremony
Lecture 19
The main mind and mental factors
Buddha nature
Understanding buddha nature brings hope
Lecture 20
The eight Mahayana precepts motivation: The disadvantages of self-cherishing
Experiencing disease without the self-cherishing thought
The preliminary practices
Lecture 21
Obscurations are temporary
Even the concept of I can be eliminated
In emptiness our mind and the Buddha’s are the same
The ultimate nature of the mind is buddha nature
Lecture 22
The eight Mahayana precepts motivation: The benefits of bodhicitta
Bodhicitta is worth more than any other realization
All happiness comes from bodhicitta
Lecture 23
Mental consciousness and memory
Rinpoche visits morgues, old people’s homes and institutions
Rinpoche’s gurus
Panchen Rinpoche
Becoming one with the guru
Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche and the start of Root’s destitute home
Footnotes
Images
Glossary
Previously Published by LYWA
About the Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive
What to do with Dharma Teachings
Dedication
About Lama Zopa Rinpoche
About Nicholas Ribush
About Gordon McDougall
About Sandra Smith
Sign up for the LYWA Eletter
Browse LYWA Ebooks and Audio Books
Connect with LYWA
Introducing the Kopan Teachings Series
1990
This is the third volume in a new series presenting previously unpublished teachings from Lama Zopa Rinpoche's 24th Kopan lamrim course in 1991. This new series will consist of four volumes starting with the first volume entitled Practicing the Unmistaken Path, the second volume, Creating the Causes of Happiness, and now this third volume, Cutting the Root of Samsara. These are lightly edited teachings that we hope will convey the feeling of receiving the teachings while attending Kopan's one-month course in Nepal. For more information about attending the yearly lamrim courses at Kopan Monastery please visit KopanMonastery.com
You can also find many other Kopan teaching course transcripts for reading online or for downloading as a pdf for offline study published on our website at LamaYeshe.com.
--LYWA Director Nicholas Ribush
How the Kopan Courses Began
Kopan Monastery, Nepal, 1973
(Lama Zopa Rinpoche gave this teaching in Singapore on January 17, 2009.)
You may not have heard of the great lama Kachen Yeshe Gyaltsen [1713–93, tutor of the 8th Dalai Lama] but like the sun illuminating the world, he was well known in Tibet and offered unbelievable benefit to sentient beings and the Buddhadharma. Even now his teachings benefit the world. I have spoken before about how the Kopan meditation courses started but actually, it was Kachen Yeshe Gyaltsen’s teachings that inspired them.
The Kopan courses also came from Lama Yeshe, who was kinder than the numberless buddhas of the past, present and future. Why was Lama kinder than the buddhas, whose only purpose in achieving enlightenment was to liberate us sentient beings from the ocean of samsaric suffering and its cause, delusion and karma, and bring us to enlightenment?
Even though all these buddhas exist, we don’t have the karma to see them. For example, from my side, I can’t see the numberless past, present and future buddhas or deities in their pure aspect because my mind is blanketed by impure karma. Therefore I can’t receive direct guidance from them. However, by their manifesting according to my level of mind in human form as Lama Yeshe, in an ordinary aspect showing mistakes and faults that my obscured mind can perceive, I can receive their guidance directly.
We can’t receive teachings, oral transmissions, jenangs, blessings, initiations or advice directly from the buddhas but we can from our guru; we can’t discuss our difficulties with Maitreya Buddha, Tara, Manjushri, Guru Shakyamuni Buddha, but when they manifest in human form as our guru, we can. When Guru Shakyamuni Buddha manifests in the father-mother aspect of Vajradhara and reveals tantric teachings, we cannot receive those directly, but when he manifests in an ordinary form that we can see according to our ordinary mind, we can receive the teachings given by Tara, Yamantaka, Guhyasamaja Chakrasamvara and so forth. Therefore, the guru is inexpressibly kinder than the numberless past, present and future buddhas—unbelievably kind to manifest in an ordinary aspect.
During His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s teachings on mahamudra at the first Enlightened Experience Celebration [1982], he explained the meaning of ordinary aspect
in a way that was very effective for the mind. It means showing delusions, samsaric suffering, mistaken actions and so forth; this is the form that we can see and receive guidance from. The text His Holiness taught was the First Panchen Lama Losang Chökyi Gyältsän’s auto-commentary to his root text on mahamudra. In Tibet, the Dalai Lama was considered to be a manifestation of Chenrezig, the Buddha of Compassion, the Panchen Lama was regarded as a manifestation of Amitabha Buddha, and the Tibetan people were said to be special objects to be subdued by Chenrezig and Amitabha. The Chinese people also have a strong connection with Amitabha. In that, they are extremely fortunate.
At this Dharma Celebration we also received many initiations and teachings from His Holiness Song Rinpoche, starting with the chöd initiation and commentary because it’s considered inauspicious to do it last. Lama also wanted to show that the Gelug tradition contains the chöd practice. Then Rinpoche gave the Guhyasamaja and Heruka Body Mandala initiations and commentaries and a Vajrayogini initiation.
Anyway, getting back to what I was saying, since we don’t have pure karma, we can see the guru only in an ordinary form. We cannot communicate with or receive direct guidance from any form purer than that.
One highly attained Tibetan geshe practitioner mentioned in his lamrim teachings that one way to meditate on guru devotion is to imagine having fallen into a deep pit full of red-hot coals and desperately wanting to get out. The people above have thrown down a rope; if you hang onto it with total trust and complete reliance, you’ll be able to get out. In this analogy, the pit is samsara, the people throwing down the rope are the three-time buddhas, and the rope is the guru in ordinary aspect.
When we do this meditation we should consider our gurus as the rope and single-pointedly put our complete trust in them. If we do that we can get out. If we don’t hold the rope firmly, if we don’t devote to the guru with complete reliance, but instead have doubt and keep examining him with a superstitious mind, then even though numberless buddhas are trying to help us, we can’t be guided. Even though all the buddhas have compassion and loving-kindness for us and constantly want to liberate us from samsara, if we don’t have devotion for our guru there’s no way they can help us out. So that’s a great way to practice guru devotion meditation.
However, I should finish the story of the Kopan courses. It seems that Lama Yeshe and I had very strong karma with teaching Dharma to Westerners. We taught them for many years and then our connections gradually extended to Hong Kong and Singapore. Taiwan and Malaysia came much later. All this started with our first Western student, Zina Rachevsky.
People called her Princess Rachevsky because her father was somehow connected with Russian royalty but he fled the revolution for Paris, where Zina was born [in 1931]. She led a varied life all over the word, sometimes rich, sometimes poor; for a while she was a model, perhaps in Hollywood, although I’m not sure about that.
In the early 1960s the hippie era exploded into existence and Zina came across the writings of the German author, Lama Govinda, who in Tibet had met the great yogi Domo Geshe Rinpoche, the former life of the one who passed away in the United States in 2001. The former Domo Geshe Rinpoche built the Domo Dungkar Gompa in southern Tibet, where I became a monk; I didn’t become a monk in Solu Khumbu. This great yogi lived in forests and caves until a wealthy family invited him to come and live in their shrine room. After a year he asked the family if they would build a monastery, and that’s how the Domo Gompa began. That monastery also had many branches in India and Tibet, especially in the Darjeeling area.
Lama Govinda wrote several books, including The Way of the White Clouds, Foundations of Tibetan Mysticism and books on Buddhist psychology. In those early hippie days there were very few Tibetan Buddhist books in Western languages. In English there were [Evans-Wentz’s] Tibet’s Great Yogi Milarepa and The Tibetan Book of the Dead, for example, and later there was a very good book by an English writer who lived in Thailand [John Blofeld’s The Wheel of Life: The Autobiography of a Western Buddhist]. Zina read about Domo Geshe Rinpoche in The Way of the White Clouds.
The hippies were rebelling against Western society and searching for alternatives, a new way of life, something more spiritual, you might even say the truth, the Dharma, and many came to India and Nepal. However, what happens and whom you meet when you come to the East is totally up to your karma. You might be looking for something meaningful but what you find is up to karma.
Many of those people were taking drugs, but in some cases drugs could have been the Buddha’s skillful means to help break those people’s concepts. They had such unbelievably fixed minds, fixed ideas—strong, unchangeable beliefs that there was just this one life; no understanding that the mind can exist without the body. Their thinking was unbelievably gross. People like this needed something external to break their concepts and enable them to see things more deeply. Drugs gave them many experiences such as the mind being able to travel without the body, which shocked and surprised them, because it was completely opposite to what was taught and believed in the West.
This led many people to come to the East, looking for something to give meaning to their lives. They gave up ideas of wealth and a materialistic life and went to India. First they were more likely to meet Hindu gurus, and if they had no karma to meet Buddhism they either stayed with them or drifted into something else. But if they did have the karma, they would eventually come into contact with Buddhadharma, and of course, some actually met the Buddhadharma from the beginning.
Roger, for example, first went to Rishikesh. He stayed there for a while but met a sadhu who told him to go to Kopan. It’s interesting how individuals’ karma plays out. Roger’s swami told him to go to Kopan, which is very unusual—most teachers try to get people to follow their own tradition, not send them somewhere else. Of course, we don’t know who that swami really was!
Buxa [Duar], where many of the Tibetan refugee monks stayed when they first came out of Tibet, used to be a prison when the British ruled India. Gandhi-ji and Nehru were held there for a while. At one time there were 1,500 monks at Buxa. Some of them stayed ten or eleven years; I was there for eight. Monks who wanted to study went to Buxa; those who wanted to work were sent out to build roads near the Tibetan border or other places.
Because I had TB, I often had to go to Darjeeling for treatment and I used to stay in Domo Geshe’s monastery in Ghoom, near the Ghoom railway station. I also lived there for a long time with Lama and the monk who took care of me in Tibet, who was originally from Domo Dungkar Gompa.
One day one of the young monks saw Zina outside and, thinking she might be my friend, brought her to our room. He opened the door and said, Here’s your friend,
and in came the blond-haired Zina, wearing a Tibetan dress and a sweater that she’d probably bought at the Darjeeling railway station.
My teacher from Tibet brought us a big kettle of Tibetan tea and poured Zina a huge mug. She drank it all but that’s the only time she drank Tibetan tea. I never saw her drink it again!
She asked Lama some questions, he answered, and I tried to translate as best I could with my broken English—well, it’s still broken! For the next month she came for teachings by car from Darjeeling every morning at nine or ten, with her baby daughter and a Nepalese nanny in tow, and then asked us to move to her house.
There were a couple of movie theaters in Darjeeling and she lived near the upper one in a very big house that I think had once been owned by a previous maharaja. A rich Indian family lived upstairs and she lived below. Lama and I lived in a tiny one-room glass house in the garden that previous residents had probably used for taking tea. Lama’s bed was on one side, mine on the other and there was a small table between us. The only other things in there were a chair and some drawers. It was small but very pleasant.
We stayed there for nine months and every morning Zina came for teachings. She’d get up early looking like a sixty-year-old woman, spend a couple of hours in the bathroom, and come out looking like a sixteen-year-old girl! Although she came for teachings she’d spend much of the time telling us stories of her adventures in various parts of the world.
Then she went to Sri Lanka for a year and came back with the idea of starting a Mahayana center there. She wanted us to go back with her, but to do that we needed travel documents and permission from the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan government. We went from Buxa to Calcutta to meet her and stayed at the Theravada guesthouse there. At that time relations between India and the Soviet Union were not good and although Zina was not a spy, she acted like one. Wherever we went we were trailed by Indian agents!
In Dharamsala we requested His Holiness to ordain Zina but he didn’t have time so he asked Lati Rinpoche to do it, which he did at what is now Tushita Meditation Centre. Just before that time, our root guru, Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche, who had lived there seven years, had moved down near the Tibetan Library and the place was a bit empty, like a haunted house. Then we went to Delhi to go to Sri Lanka, but some difficulties arose and Lama decided that we should go to Nepal instead.
We stayed at Chini Lama’s place for the next year or so. I think he was Chinese but the story I heard was that