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    Chemistry: a QuickStudy Laminated Reference Guide
    Chemistry: a QuickStudy Laminated Reference Guide
    Chemistry: a QuickStudy Laminated Reference Guide
    Ebook65 pages25 minutes

    Chemistry: a QuickStudy Laminated Reference Guide

    By BarCharts, Inc.

    4.5/5

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    About this ebook

    Best-selling guide for over 20 years and an essential companion for students taking chemistry courses of any level, this laminated six page guide is a must-have for reference throughout science courses as a serious study tool and quick refresher for the core concepts, terms, equations and periodic elements. Author and Harvard PhD, Mark D. Jackson, a scientist and university chemistry professor expertly streamlined the complicated subject of chemistry selecting the need-to-know answers for students in our easy QuickStudy outline format with helpful diagrams, graphs, tables, chemical problems, and practical applications. At this low price and durably laminated to last a lifetime, this guide has boosted test scores and grades for students for over 25 years and is guaranteed to do the same for you or your student. This guide is revised as needed and is up-to-date.
    6 page laminated guide includes:
    • Periodic Table of the Elements
    • Atomic Structure
    • Atomic Quantum Numbers & Orbitals
    • Types of Matter
    • Reactions
    • Physical Processes
    • Hints for Balancing Equations
    • Nomenclature
    • Stoichiometry: Mole Mass Relationships
    • Chemical Interactions
    • Formal Bonding Models
    • Molecular Properties: Geometry
    • Valence Bond Theory
    • Hybrid Orbitals
    • Chemical Bonding & Quantum Mechanics
    • Behavior of Gases
    • Molecular Orbital Theory
    • Mixtures & Solutions
    • Solids
    • Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
    • Properties of Inorganic Salts
    • Acid-Base Reactions
    • Thermodynamics
    • Equilibrium
    • Kinetics
    • Nuclear Chemistry
    • Measurements & Units
    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherBarCharts, Inc.
    Release dateNov 30, 2009
    ISBN9781423212553
    Chemistry: a QuickStudy Laminated Reference Guide

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    Book preview

    Chemistry - BarCharts, Inc.

    CHEMISTRYPeriodic TableorbitalsCHEMISTRY

    Periodic Table of Elements

    Elemental forms:

    Monatomic: Noble gases: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon; nonreactive

    Diatomic: Gases: fluorine, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; Liquid: bromine; Solid: iodine

    Molecular solids: Sulfur

    Covalent solids: Carbon (diamond, graphite)

    Metals: Most common type of element; high coordination numbers; very dense

    Types of compounds: Large variety due to ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding options

    Ionic: Electron exchange

    Covalent: Shared electrons

    Polar covalent: Unequal sharing

    Ion complex: Central ion + Solvent

    Transition metal compounds:

    Coordination compound: Nonbonding ligands

    Organometallic: Metal-C bond

    Complex minerals: Metal oxides and silicates

    Periodicity: The chemical properties of an element depend on valence electrons

    Family of elements: Column in periodic table

    The addition of d-orbitals produces an expanded octet

    Periodic Trends

    Chemistry determined by the behavior of valence electrons

    Atoms or ions get larger as you go down the column; electron shells are added

    Cation and anions (same charge) decrease in size as the atomic number (Z) increases

    Ionization energies: Noble gases are the most stable; alkali metals are the easiest to ionize; electron screening lessens Z-effect on orbital energy

    Atomic and ionic radii: Not real properties; derive from structural data; divide bond into radii using a consistent scheme

    Ionic radius: Depends on charge, counter ion, and coordination (crystal type)

    Atomic radius: Based on diatomic gas data or metallic solid structural data

    Development of the Periodic Table

    Missing elements were predicted using periodicity

    Column 1: Alkali metals

    Column 2: Alkaline earth metals

    First transition series: Titanium– Copper

    Column 17: Halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine

    Column 18: Rare gases: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon

    Actinides: Z = 90 or above; radioactive

    Lanthanides: f-subshell elements; starts with Z

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