Assessment Powered Teaching
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About this ebook
Use formative and summative assessment results to enhance instruction
Motivate students by providing clear learning targets
Utilize technology to analyze students’ progress
Raise test scores
Included are testimonials from teachers, numerous data analysis examples, rubrics, and a chapter on culturally diverse schools. Designed to be adaptable, this book is a powerful resource for teachers, teacher teams, and all educators dedicated to enhancing student learning.
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Reviews for Assessment Powered Teaching
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Assessment Powered Teaching - Nancy W Sindelar
Praise for Assessment-Powered Teaching
The author effectively shows how data-driven decision making works and presents practical examples of how this would work in a school. The examples of data collection systems provided are easily understandable.
Stephen Armstrong, Social Studies Department Supervisor, West Hartford Public Schools, West Hartford, CT
We always hear about ‘data-driven decisions’ but rarely find the information on how to use the data in one place. This book is a one-stop shop for using data to facilitate student learning . . . it provides a practical, hands-on way to handle a task that many teachers find insurmountable.
Nancy Foote, Teacher, Higley Unified School District, Gilbert, AZ
This book is a must-have for any group of educators that wants to get into the ‘nuts and bolts’ of what students are learning (or not learning); it sets teachers up for success.
Donna Adkins, First-Grade Teacher, Louisa E. Perritt Primary School, Arkadelphia, AR
This book offers a step-by-step approach to becoming an assessment-powered teacher.
Diane Callahan, Retired Teacher, West Chester, OH
"Assessment-Powered Teaching provides a wonderful explanation of what to do with all the gems that can be mined from assessment and testing documents."
Roxie R. Ahlbrecht, Second-Grade Classroom Teacher and Math Teacher Leader, Robert Frost Elementary School, Sioux Falls, SD
The strength of this book is that it has taken all the research and common-sense items about testing and put them into a reader-friendly format.
Shelly Kelly, District Math Instructional Coach, Great Falls Public Schools, Great Falls, MT
Every teacher wants to know how to effectively and efficiently use assessment results to inform teaching in the classroom, and this book delivers the ways it can be done. It shows teachers how to use formative and summative assessments with a critical eye. Nancy Sindelar is also very supportive of collegial sharing for keeping consistency, aligning standards and making sure all teachers in the same grade or subject are working together successfully.
Maria Mesires, Seventh-Grade Science Teacher, Case Middle School, Watertown, NY
"Assessment-Powered Teaching is straightforward and yet gentle in taking the reader from an understanding of assessment to the pragmatic collection and use of data to the necessary and critical process of professional and collegial dialogue to not only improve student learning, but to improve the craft of teaching as well."
Susan N. Imamura, Retired Elementary School Principal, Honolulu, HI
Half Title of Assessment Powered TeachingTitle Page of Assessment Powered TeachingFirst Published in 2011 by Corwin Press
First Skyhorse Publishing edition 2015
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without the express written consent of the publisher, except in the case of brief excerpts in critical reviews or articles. All inquiries should be addressed to Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018.
Skyhorse Publishing books may be purchased in bulk at special discounts for sales promotion, corporate gifts, fund-raising, or educational purposes. Special editions can also be created to specifications. For details, contact the Special Sales Department, Skyhorse Publishing, 307 West 36th Street, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10018 or [email protected].
Skyhorse® and Skyhorse Publishing® are registered trademarks of Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.®, a Delaware corporation.
Visit our website at www.skyhorsepublishing.com.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available on file.
Cover Designer: Karine Hovsepian
Print ISBN: 978-1-63450-308-2
eBook ISBN: 978-1-5107-0083-3
Printed in China
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Introduction
1. Using the Power of Assessment
Step One: Become Familiar With Student Assessment Data and Learn to Use It to Enhance Your Teaching
Step Two: Develop an Efficient System for Collecting Meaningful Student Test Data
Step Three: Learn How to Use Student Test Data as an Individual Teacher, a Team Member, and as Part of a Schoolwide Initiative
Chapter One Rubric: Using the Power of Assessment
Reflections
2. Creating a Data-Driven Instructional System
Step One: Define Your Learning Targets
Step Two: Begin Building Your Standards-Based Assessments
Step Three: Align Your Curriculum With Learning Targets and Assessments
A Word About Curriculum Mapping
Chapter Two Rubric: Creating a Data-Driven Instructional System
Reflections
3. Making Data-Driven Decisions in the Classroom
Using Formative Assessment Data to Immediately Inform Teaching
Using Formative Assessment Data to Inform Teaching Over Time
Benchmark Assessments
Test Reports
Rubric-Graded Assessments
Using Rubric-Graded Formative Assessment Data to Immediately Inform Teaching
Using Rubric-Graded Formative Assessment Data to Inform Teaching Over Time
Rubric-Graded Benchmark Assessments
Chapter Three Rubric: Making Data-Driven Decisions in the Classroom
Reflections
4. Empowering Students With the Results of Their Learning
Step One: Eliminate Mystery Teaching
by Providing Students With Clear and Consistent Standards-Based Learning Targets and Assessments
Step Two: Give Students Specific Feedback Regarding Their Progress Toward Learning Targets in a Timely and Caring Manner and in a Format That Is Understandable to Them
Step Three: Give Students Opportunities to Self-Assess and Improve Their Work
Step Four: Provide Interventions to Help Students Reach Learning Targets in a Timely Manner
Chapter Four Rubric: Empowering Students With the Results of Their Learning
Reflections
5. Powering Achievement in Culturally Diverse Classrooms
Step One: Become a Cultural Broker
Step Two: Analyze the Needs of Subgroups Through the Use of Disaggregated Test Data
Step Three: Address the Needs of Subgroups by More Accurately Measuring What Students Know Rather Than Their Ability to Communicate Their Knowledge in Standard English
Chapter Five Rubric: Powering Achievement in Culturally Diverse Classrooms
Reflections
6. Harnessing the Power of Collective Wisdom
Data-Driven Changes in Curriculum and Instruction
Data-Driven Staff Development Initiatives
Data-Driven Student Interventions
Making the Most of Team Time
Chapter Six Rubric: Harnessing the Power of Collective Wisdom
Reflections
Glossary of Terms
References
Index
Preface
As teachers we are spending more time than ever before testing our students. Though schools have more test data than ever before, many use test results merely to select and sort students and conform to No Child Left Behind (NCLB) requirements. As a result, some of us view testing as a mandate that robs us and our students of valuable instructional time and siphons the creativity from our classrooms. If we make the decision, however, to use the results of our tests, we can harness the power of testing as an effective classroom resource to inform our teaching, monitor our students’ progress, and get our students energized about their learning.
The purpose of Assessment-Powered Teaching is to illustrate the power meaningful assessment brings to the art and science of teaching and to share efficient and practical tools and strategies for using formative and summative assessment results to actually enhance our teaching effectiveness and our students’ learning. Using testimonials from assessment-powered teachers, the book explains how teachers at any grade level and in any size school can use analyzed test results to inform teaching, monitor students’ progress toward learning targets and standards, and provide motivational feedback to students. The book argues that testing is a power tool for helping teachers rather than an intrusion on our academic freedom and our valuable instructional time.
Assessment-Powered Teaching is based on my own experience as a teacher, department chair, assistant principal, and assistant superintendent for curriculum, instruction, and assessment, as well as my work as a university professor and with schools around the country on curriculum and assessment issues. Though my ideas are supported by current research on assessment, the suggestions in the book are practical and are currently being implemented in high-achieving classrooms across the country. Examples come from small schools and large schools, and practitioners at various grade levels and subject areas provide supporting quotations and vignettes. The examples are stories from teachers who have transformed their teaching and their students’ learning by using test results efficiently and effectively and from my own work, which has moved economically and culturally diverse schools from being on academic watch lists to receiving state level most improved
recognition status.
Because the book is meant to be a practical and motivational guide to teachers at all levels, the content is focused on what I believe are key areas of interest to practitioners.
• Chapter 1 engages the reader in the topic of assessment and its value to a teacher.
• Chapter 2 details how a school, a teacher team, or an individual teacher can set up an efficient and effective system for student test data collection and analysis.
• Chapter 3 shows how teachers can use formative assessments to immediately inform teaching, inform teaching over time, and how benchmark and summative assessments can be used to predict scores on high-stakes tests. Because it is not practical for teachers to do test analysis by hand, discussion of practical and easy-to-use methods of computerized test analyses is included. This discussion focuses on how we can make test data useful at the classroom level without dying under the weight of analyzing test data by hand.
• Chapter 4 focuses on ways teachers can help students use their assessment results to define next steps in learning and become more motivated and self-directed in their learning.
• Chapter 5 is devoted to the importance of disaggregating test data to close the achievement gap and increase the achievement of diverse learners.
• Chapter 6 highlights the benefits of team membership and walks readers through the process of successful team meetings.
These chapters outline methods and resources teachers are currently using to empower their teaching and their students’ learning. You probably are using some of these methods already, but hopefully you’ll learn about some new strategies and resources to reenergize your teaching. Each chapter ends with a rubric enabling you to self-assess your own status as an assessment-powered teacher as well as Reflections,
which provide an opportunity to reflect upon the next steps you’ll take to further empower your teaching. Though you’ll still be asked to test, test, test, using test results will put you in the position of gaining power and success rather than in the position of feeling like a victim of too much testing.
Acknowledgments
Iwish to acknowledge and thank the assessment-powered teachers of our profession who have dedicated so much of their thought and energy to improving the art and science of teaching and accelerating the learning of their students. Some of the teachers mentioned in this book are colleagues with whom I’ve worked; others are former students. All are respected friends, who have given their much-appreciated support to this endeavor and from whom I’ve learned so much. I also appreciate the thoughtful efforts of the educators who reviewed the manuscript. Their encouraging, helpful, and provocative comments helped make the book clearer and more user friendly.
Rick DuFour is a colleague whose work and career have been both inspirational and informative. We first met in the summer of 1984 and even then shared mutual interests in common curriculum and assessments. Rick’s success is so well deserved, and I truly appreciate his thoughtful endorsement.
Finally, I wish to thank my family and friends for their patience, understanding, and support of my efforts to define and encourage the act of assessment-powered teaching. They are, and always have been, my personal power source.
Publisher’s Acknowledgments
Skyhorse Publishing gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following reviewers:
Donna Adkins, First-Grade Teacher
Louisa E. Perritt Primary School
Arkadelphia, AR
Rachel Aherns, Instructional Strategest I
West Des Moines Community Schools
West Des Moines, IA
Roxie R. Ahlbrecht, Second-Grade Instructor
Robert Frost Elementary School
Sioux Falls, SD
Steve Armstrong, Social