Inbook1: 1, #1
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About this ebook
Inbook - Your definitive guide to the web is a user guide to the internet, with all relevant topics and concepts. The book covers topics such as the history and development of the Internet, who owns the Internet, why we need the Internet and what the internet is all about by giving useful demonstration and practical steps to get any tasks completed online - by equipping users with relevant skills
Peter N Okafor
Peter Ngbeonyejugbo Okafor is a Cape Town based blogger, researcher and student who take special interests in Networking, Information and Technology. Obtained Diploma in Public Management at Central Technical College, Cape Town n 2017, currently studying (Online) Web Development at Shaw Acadamy UK. Experiences includes using the internet for the past 20-years, verious school assignments, zresearch programs and techno-self studies.
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Inbook1 - Peter N Okafor
part i
Peter N. Okafor
INbook -Your definitive guide to the web
Part I
ISBN 978 0 620 84479 6
Text © Peter Okafor
The moral rights of the author have been asserted
First published 2019
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the copyright holder. Printed and bound by Castle Graphics, Cape Town, 8001
Acknowledgements
The author gratefully acknowledges permission to reproduce copyright material in this book. Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders, but if any copyright infringements have been made, the author would be grateful for information that would enable any omissions or errors to be corrected in subsequent impressions.
This book is dedicated to all the browsers
and developers.
I would like to thank all the people who have been there for me and who enabled me to publish my first book.
The following people deserve special mention:
Uncle Randy Abiamuwe who showed me a better way to education, Uncle Sam Iduh for his support and encouragement at all times, Uncle M. Omeife Mordi (NPF), my cousin, friend and brother Gospel Eluemeh, Christian Ogumogu a.k.a. Chris Baba for standing with me (in the street) during rough and smooth times, and my three sisters Nkem (Mercy), Florence and Blessing.
I would also like to thank GCF learning,
BBC’s Webwise, Wikipedia, Google, Facebook, Twitter, IBM and Microsoft for allowing me to use their content and resources.
Contents page
Foreword
The internet pervades all of our lives. It is an ever present force that guides and sometimes rules our lives. The ability to understand its impact and capabilities, can add great value to a person’s life. We need information to inform us and to help us make decisions daily. These decisions can be better improved with a keen sense of access to information. The internet provides us the gateway to access this information. Today, we can access this information via a wide array of electronic devices such as our smart phones, tablets, laptops and many more.
INbook – Your definitive guide to the web by Peter Okafor is a handbook for the World Wide Web. This book presents a treasure trove of information that is instantly useful for any person whoever they may be, novice or veteran. This book covers an extremely wide array of topics that internet users will find advantageous. Some of these themes explored include internet safety, internet service providers (ISPs), hardware, internet protocols, web servers and hosting, search engines, browsers, internet correspondence, multimedia and social media. The book presents and introduces a useful history on the development of the internet from its earliest beginnings. The book then furthermore helps users to understand, use and interact using the internet and shows how benefit can be derived from accessing this valuable resource.
The book is devised with a hands‐on approach. It provides users with practical and applicable tools with which to exploit the benefits the internet has to offer. The writing style is informative and exploratory. The book provides many valuable tips and guidelines for internet users. Readers will find this approach extremely helpful and rewarding.
Well done to Mr Peter Okafor for constructing an extremely treasured and worthwhile resource for users of the internet that allows for the exploration and discovery of the power and utility of the internet.
Dr Marco Adonis
Deputy Head: Operations
Centre for Distributed Power and Electronic Systems (CDPES) Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Bellville Campus Cape Peninsula University of Technology
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
When German goldsmith and entrepreneur, Johannes Gutenberg, perfected the movable-type printing press in the 15th century, little did he know that it will change the course of civilisation forever. Gutenberg’s printing technology introduced the era of mass communication and played an important role in the development of the Renaissance. It also helped to spread the ideas of Martin Luther (the 95 Theses), which sparked the Reformation, and led to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain
from about 1750 and later spread to other parts of Europe and the rest of the world.
Before this time, information was scarce, labour intensive and costly to produce. Manuscripts not printed with woodblocks or xylography, for example, were painstakingly copied by hand. Available books were often confined to sacred temples and libraries where only priests and monks had occasional access. As a result, books were very expensive and only a few could afford to obtain them.
Though information had been passed down from generation to generation since prehistoric times – which ensured both the survival and progress of the human race
– it had often been done in secrecy and with codes known only to ‘the initiated’. The printing press changed all of this, furthering the distribution of information
relating to principles of the division of labour and the resulting specialisation of skills, while enabling the mass production of books on other topics and the rapid dissemination of knowledge throughout Europe and eventually the rest of the world.
The printing press was quickly followed by the typewriter, telegraph, photocopier, facsimile (fax) machine, computer, printer and scanner. These, no doubt, made books easier and cheaper to produce, encouraging writing and sharing of ideas