Encounters with God: That Changed the World
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This e-book is an extract from Encounters that Changed the World and is also available as part of that complete publication.
There have been many instances across the centuries of people’s encounters with God. Often these are intensely personal private experiences that powerfully influence and often transform individual lives. Occasionally profound spiritual experiences remake communities and lead to the emergence of a new religion it certainly happened to Moses, Buddha and Mohammed. This book traces the history of world religion through some significant early personal encounters with god. Encounters that were so momentous that they changed the world forever.
Contents: Moses and the Burning Bush, Buddha’s Enlightenment, Constantine and the Flaming Cross, St Augustine and the English Pagans, Mohammed’s Revelation, King Edwin, Paulinus and Coifi, St Boniface and Thor’s Oak at Giesmar, Joan of Arc and the Voice of God
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Encounters with God - Rodney Castleden
Introduction
We all have encounters that change the way we think, the way we see the world, and ultimately the way we behave. It is one of the characteristics that make us human beings. A lot of these encounters are commonplace, like the encounters we have with our teachers at school. Most of us can remember moments when a teacher somehow, by telling us or showing us something, made us see things differently.
There are encounters with friends, colleagues, husbands, wives and lovers, building over the course of months, years and decades to change us piecemeal in all sorts of ways. Then there are fleeting encounters with strangers, maybe a brief conversation, maybe no more than a fragment of someone’s conversation overheard as they pass.
All these different encounters, significant and insignificant alike, are woven into the fabric of our lives, changing us sometimes subtly and gradually, sometimes with dramatic suddenness, into different people.
There are many reports, across the centuries, of people’s encounters with God. This is not the place to debate whether these are encounters between people and a supernatural force outside themselves or encounters between different layers within their own minds – the conscious and the unconscious.
Often these encounters are intensely personal, private experiences that powerfully influence, and often transform individual lives. Sometimes these encounters affect whole communities. Occasionally profound spiritual experiences remake communities and lead to the emergence of a new religion; it certainly happened to Moses, Buddha, Jesus and Muhammad.
Some encounters are with people who are completely unknown before they come to prominence. Joan of Arc was an illiterate 13-year-old peasant girl when she had her first encounter with the voice of God in 1425. Her visions of angels urged her to help King Charles VII rescue France from English domination, and she went into battle with the French army at the siege of Orléans. Guided by her divine inspiration she helped steer the French army to victory against the English, altering the course of French history.
Many such episodes are really a succession of encounters. We can see that the encounter between King Edwin and the Christian missionary Paulinus followed on from St Augustine’s encounter with pagans in southern England, and that in turn followed Pope Gregory’s encounter with a group of English slave boys in Rome.
This book is inevitably about encounters experienced by people who have made their mark, famous people whose lives are a matter of record. Some encounters look full of promise, as if they should lead on to something momentous, yet they don’t. Others involve people like Joan of Arc, relative unknowns who happen to be in the right place at the right time. But, as I hope the book shows, it is always the unpredictability of human encounters that give them their peculiar interest.
1
Moses and the Burning Bush
(CIRCA 1270 bc)
The magisterial, resolutely serious figure of Moses strides solemnly through the early books of the Old Testament. He is such a familiar figure to most of us that it is hard to see him as he really was. It is hard too to visualize the astonishing magnitude or appreciate the sheer audacity of what he did. It was, or looks very much like, what the Greeks would later call hubris; the Greeks would concoct the myth of Prometheus to illustrate what could happen to mortals who seize from the gods what is theirs. Who was this Moses? Certainly he was a Hebrew prophet and lawgiver who lived in the bronze age, but we sometimes overlook the fact that he actually created a world religion as a result of his claim to personal direct communion with God.
We are told that he was born in Egypt of Levite parents, during the time when the people of Israel were slave workers, captives in Egypt. In the bronze age, taking people as booty in time of war was a very widespread practice; both men and women were carried off to do various kinds of work. During the Trojan War, which took place perhaps a generation after Moses, around 1250 bc, men were evidently taken as slaves; this is mentioned in the poems of the Greek Epic Cycle. Women were routinely taken away to do work in textile manufacture, as we know from the archive tablets found at some of the Greek centres, and they were referred to as ‘women of Lesbos’ or ‘women of Chios’ according to the places round the Aegean where they had been captured. So the captivity of the Israelites and their transfer to Egypt to work was a perfectly normal practice in those times. It would be wrong to see the Israelites as a people singled out for special discriminatory treatment; they were persecuted no more than any other conquered people of the late bronze age.
We are told that as a baby Moses (‘Mosheh’ in Hebrew) was nearly killed in a general slaughter of male Jewish children ordered by the Egyptian Pharaoh. He was rescued by being concealed by his mother in a chest in bulrushes by