Safety Fundamentals and Best Practices in Construction Industry
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About this ebook
It provides guidelines to develop company Occupational Health and Safety Program (OHSP) in preparation to become a contractor in government projects, in private sectors, and in oil- and gas-producing facility. It gives a wide understanding for both safety practitioners and company site management, the required occupational health and safety documentations mainly for the companys safety program, and best safety practices accepted by the client and align with international safety regulations as prescribed in Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for the construction industry.
The contents of this book describes specific steps in developing effective organizational structure, occupational health and safety program, lesson learned, management responsibilities, hazard identification plan (HIP), job safety analysis (JSA), method statement, performance measurement, and recommendations on the best safety practices that can be applied in any government project, private sectors, and oil- and gas-producing facility projects.
With the vast knowledge and experiences in safety acquired from training seminars from international and local organizations, the author will bring you into the real world in the construction field.
Pedro P. Marfa
Dr. Marfa has more than twenty-five years of experience in the field of safety in oil and gas plant projects, monitoring multimillion-dollar projects of Saudi Aramco. A civil engineer by profession, he graduated from University of Cebu in 1985. He has held engineering jobs in a private construction firm, the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), and the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources (DENR), Region 8, Philippines. Currently, he is working with Hassan A. Karim Al-Gathani & Sons Company with SMP contract for Saudi Aramco projects, assigned in the Southern Area Oil Projects Division as construction engineer I, safety superintendent/coordinator. He holds a master’s degree in business administration (MBA) from Philippine Christian University (PCU) administered by Al-Andalus International School, Al-Khobar extension program, and he graduated with a doctor of philosophy in business management in 2011. He is a registered safety practitioner (RSP) and an occupational safety and health consultant (OSH consultant) under DOLE-BWC Philippines. He is certified by OSHA for the construction of train-the-trainer outreach program and is authorized as a trainer in construction hazard recognitions, scaffolding safety, crane and rigging safety, confined space entry, administered by Saudi Aramco for continuing education through the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) extension training program. He has also obtained a certification for process hazard analysis (PHA) and hazard operability study (HAZOP). With a good background with the Saudi Aramco Construction safety manual general instructions related to safety requirements and familiar with engineering standards applicable in the construction industry, he has acquired authorization to provide safety training as an approved professional training partner (PTP) through the International Safety Education Institute (ISEI), UC San Diego extension. He is incumbent chairman of the board of the nonprofit Philippine Society of Safety Practitioners–Middle East Region (PSSP-MER), a former president (2000–2002) of Philippine Society of Safety Engineers–Middle East Country (PSSE-MEC), a lifetime member of the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers (PICE), and former vice president of PICE Middle East Chapter (2005).
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Safety Fundamentals and Best Practices in Construction Industry - Pedro P. Marfa
Copyright © 2016 by Pedro P. Marfa.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016909084
ISBN: Hardcover 978-1-5144-9670-1
Softcover 978-1-5144-9672-5
eBook 978-1-5144-9671-8
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.
Any people depicted in stock imagery provided by Thinkstock are models, and such images are being used for illustrative purposes only.
Certain stock imagery © Thinkstock.
Rev. date: 06/08/2016
Xlibris
1-800-455-039
www.Xlibris.com.au
721210
Contents
Acknowledgement
Message from the Author
Introduction
Chapter 1 Initial Project Planning
Administrative Framework
Preliminary Safety Requirements
Standard Operating Procedures
Clients' Internal Safety Requirements
Employees' Involvement
Chapter 2 Overview of Occupational Health and Safety Management
General Principles
Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Standards
Administrative Safety Management
Qualifications of Safety Personnel and Training Certification
Employee Safety Orientation
Preliminary Incident Report
Safety Meetings
Safety Inspections
Housekeeping
Contractor Laydown and Fabrication Yard
Chapter 3 Construction Management Assignment of Responsibilities
Management Commitment
Health and Safety Policy
Employer's Responsibilities
Project Manager Responsibilities
Safety Manager Responsibilities
Project Engineer Responsibilities
Site Supervisor/Foreman Responsibilities
Workers' Duties and Responsibilities
Workers' Cooperation
Chapter 4 Organizational Structure
Key Principle of HSE
Structured Safety Organizational Chart
Centralized Management
Decentralized Management
Chapter 5 Lessons Learned from Unsafe Acts and Conditions
Unsafe Acts/Conditions of Mobile Scaffolds
Recommendations
Unsafe Conditions of Free-Standing Scaffolds
Recommendations
Unsafe Acts of Working at Heights
Recommendations
Unsafe Acts of Workers Standing in Modified Man Basket
Recommendations
Unsafe Acts of Using a Stepladder
Recommendations
Unsafe Acts/Conditions in Excavation
Recommendations
Unsafe Conditions of Power Hand Tools
Recommendations
Chapter 6 Hierarchy of Hazards Control
Elimination
Substitution
Engineered Controls
Temporary Working Platforms
Administrative Controls
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Chapter 7 How to Conduct Safety Meetings Effectively
Safety Topic 1: Eye Protection
Safety Topic 2: Hearing Protection
Safety Topic 3: Hand Protection
Safety Topic 4: Fall Protection
Safety Topic 5: Stepladders
Safety Topic 6: Extension Ladders
Safety Topic 7: Electrical Safety
Safety Topic 8: Trenching and Excavation Inspection
Safety Topic 9: Confined Spaces -- Dangerous Atmosphere
Safety Topic 10: Housekeeping
Chapter 8 Developing a Hazard Identification Plan (HIP)
How to Develop a Hazard Identification Plan (HIP)
Trenching and Excavation
Rebar Works
Painting in Confined Space
Welding Work
Heavy Equipment Operation
Chapter 9 Developing a Method Statement
Purpose
Scope
References
Methodology
General Safety Requirements
Chapter 10 Steps in Developing a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
Sequence of Basic Steps
Appendix K Hazard Identification Plan (HIP) Form
Appendix L Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Form
References
Special Thanks
About the Author
Acknowledgement
It took some time to write down my twenty-five years of experience in the field of safety in oil and gas facility projects. This was made possible through the assistance of my fellow officers in the Philippine Society of Safety Practitioners, who shared their ideas and filled this book with best safety practices applied in the construction industry.
To all my friends, officemates, and colleagues in the society, please accept my special thanks to all of you for your contributions and encouragement to complete my book. With all of your advice and recommendations that has been given to me, I've got the opportunity to transform my field of experience into this book.
To William Robert
Crumpton IV, CMIOSH, CSP, CHMM; Engr. Jesus G. Pedines Jr., author of Think and Become Safety Practitioner; Engr. Peter Q. Panganiban, Safety Advisor; and Alan K. D. Abellana, PME, who have offered their precious time to read through my book and provide excellent recommendations, contributions, and suggestions to make this book more beneficial to the reader. I also acknowledge Ms. Charisse Marnelli M. Gabunada who has thoroughly reviewed my manuscript. Your combined professional contributions will help everyone learn step-by-step guidelines on safety fundamentals as required in the construction industry.
Special thanks to my wife, Verna O. Marfa and kids, Sheryl Anne; Rico Lyndon; and Carlo Jim, who were always with me to provide strength and guidance to make this book a reality. Your untiring support of my passion of sharing my knowledge of safety for professionals working in the construction industry around the globe will help them promote the protection of the people and environment at the construction site.
Sincerely yours,
Pedro P. Marfa, PhD, MBA, BSCE, OSH Consultant
Message from the Author
I would like to dedicate this book to you in hopes of supplementing your knowledge about health and safety requirements in the construction industry while you are in a journey of your career. During more than twenty-five years of experience in construction at petrochemical plants, I have learned that a lot of safety standards, regulation, and procedures are available from the client's safety department or even in your office shelves that could probably kept beside you for a long time. All these standards are a good reference to perform your daily work, supporting projects in a timely manner, with a view to completion with quality and safety. However, few people are reading the safety requirements of the projects and trying to implement them in the construction sites.
Theoretically, most of the personnel reading the safety standards are safety managers, safety supervisors and safety officers. As a result, most have failed to attain full safety compliance with their projects due to a delusion that safety personnel are non-productive; that nobody would listen to the recommendation of best safety practices, which would delay the job; and that overhead costs for the project would rise. Contrary to the spirit of applicable safety requirements, site supervision instead often cut corners, doing unsafe acts while the safety officer is not on site. This unsafe behaviour exposes workers to potential hazards in the workplace, and accidents can happen in an instant. Management staff must realize that these incidents may be prevented if safety procedures are followed. Above all, they must realize this ahead of time, or they do not help workers' protection or prevent the need to recover loss or damages.
I am writing this book because I want to reach out to project engineers, site supervisors, and safety officers to let them know that the safety standards, regulations, and procedures kept on their shelves can enable them to be proactive to include those requirements at the initial planning stage of the project rather than reactive to mishaps. Safety starts with you, and you need to be part of the team by seeing that safety requirements are observed in completing the job as scheduled, with quality and safety.
As the author of this book, I would like to encourage the reader, regardless of your position in the company, to go over the contents of this book, learn the safety fundamentals and best safety practices in the construction industry, widen your knowledge, and improve safety awareness of dynamic hazards so as to protect yourself and even your co-workers.
Thank you very much for purchasing this book, and wishing you all the best.
Introduction
This book is intended to help safety practitioners, project engineers, project managers, construction managers, and craftsmen strengthen their knowledge in safety as a construction company's priority in protecting the well-being of the people and the company's assets during the execution of projects.
The content addresses the safety fundamentals and best practices in the construction industry as outlined in each chapter---to wit:
This offers a wide understanding for both safety practitioners and company site management of the occupational health and safety requirements and international safety standards applicable in the construction industry, as prescribed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for the construction industry.
In spite of all known safety standards in the construction industry, many firms still have difficulty in meeting these requirements. The result