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    Agricultural Trade in the Global South: An Overview of Trends in Performance, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Frameworks
    Agricultural Trade in the Global South: An Overview of Trends in Performance, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Frameworks
    Agricultural Trade in the Global South: An Overview of Trends in Performance, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Frameworks
    Ebook102 pages44 minutes

    Agricultural Trade in the Global South: An Overview of Trends in Performance, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Frameworks

    By Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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    About this ebook

    South-South Cooperation (SSC) is increasingly recognized as an effective instrument for catalyzing economic development by fostering the exchange of innovation and good practices, and expanding market opportunities across countries with a similar level of development and shared development objectives, such as those reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key to this economic cooperation are trade and investment relationships among South countries. The importance of South countries in global agrifood markets and trade has been increasing over the last two decades, with growth in their participation, as both exporters and importers, having outpaced that of North countries. Agricultural productivity growth has fueled expansion in the production of some products, while population growth and urbanization, rapid economic growth and increasing per capita incomes have contributed to growing demand for diverse food products.

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Release dateDec 1, 2022
    ISBN9789251372807
    Agricultural Trade in the Global South: An Overview of Trends in Performance, Vulnerabilities, and Policy Frameworks
    Author

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

    An intergovernmental organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has 194 Member Nations, two associate members and one member organization, the European Union. Its employees come from various cultural backgrounds and are experts in the multiple fields of activity FAO engages in. FAO’s staff capacity allows it to support improved governance inter alia, generate, develop and adapt existing tools and guidelines and provide targeted governance support as a resource to country and regional level FAO offices. Headquartered in Rome, Italy, FAO is present in over 130 countries.Founded in 1945, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO provides a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and debate policy. The Organization publishes authoritative publications on agriculture, fisheries, forestry and nutrition.

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      Agricultural Trade in the Global South - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

      Required citation:

      FAO. 2022. Agricultural trade in the Global South – An overview of trends in performance, vulnerabilities, and policy frameworks. Rome. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9120en

      The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.

      ISBN 978-92-5-135934-1

      E-ISBN 978-92-5-137280-7 (EPUB)

      © FAO, 2022

      Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode).

      Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the authoritative edition.

      Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL).

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      Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected].

      Cover photo: ©Istock

      Contents

      Acknowledgements

      Acronyms and abbreviations

      Executive summary

      1. Introduction

      2. Overview of agricultural trade in South countries

      2.1 Overall agricultural trade performance

      2.2 Trade patterns across commodities

      2.3 Agricultural trade patterns across South countries

      2.4 South-South trade

      3. Dependence on agricultural trade in South countries

      3.1 Dependence on agricultural exports

      3.2 Dependence on agricultural imports

      4. Participation of South countries in the multilateral trading system

      4.1 The multilateral trading system

      4.1.1 Bound and Applied Tariffs: a comparison between South and North countries

      4.2 The state of play at the WTO

      4.2.1 Trade negotiations

      4.2.2 Transparency

      4.2.3 Dispute settlement

      5. Participation in regional trade agreements

      5.1 Regional trade agreements

      5.1.1 Countries’ participation in RTAs

      5.1.2 Mega RTAs

      5.2 Opportunities and challenges

      5.2.1 The spaghetti bowl: when too many RTAs apply at the same time

      6. Conclusions

      References

      Annex A. Methodological note

      Figures

      Figure 1. Trends in agricultural exports and imports of South and North countries (constant prices, 2010 values).

      Figure 2. Relative trade balance (%) of South and North countries, agriculture,

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