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All That I Am: A Novel
All That I Am: A Novel
All That I Am: A Novel
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All That I Am: A Novel

Rating: 4 out of 5 stars

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An award-winner “writes with grace and conviction about the intrusion of the political on the domestic and the thrill of falling in love over a cause” (New York Times Book Review).

When eighteen-year-old Ruth Becker visits her cousin Dora in Munich in 1923, she meets the love of her life, the dashing young journalist Hans Wesemann, and eagerly joins in the heady activities of the militant political Left in Germany. Ten years later, Ruth and Hans are married and living in Berlin when Hitler is elected chancellor. Together with Dora and her lover, Ernst Toller, the celebrated poet and self-doubting revolutionary, the four become hunted outlaws overnight and are forced to flee to London. Inspired by the fearless Dora to breathtaking acts of courage, the friends risk betrayal and deceit as they dedicate themselves to a dangerous mission: to inform the British government of the very real Nazi threat to which it remains willfully blind.

Gripping and inspiring, All that I Am is a masterful novel of the risks and sacrifices some people make for their beliefs, and of heroism hidden in the most unexpected places.

“An intimate exploration of human connection and our responsibility to one another” —Colum McCann, National Book Award winning author of Let the Great World Spin

“Moving and ambitious.” —Ann Patchett, New York Times bestselling author of Tom Lake

“Enthralling.” —O, the Oprah Magazine

“A literary work as suspenseful as the best thrillers.” —Booklist

“A remarkable story told with clarity and precision . . . insight and literary grace.” —Rachel Cusk, The Guardian

“This book is a wonder.” —Jonathan Mirsky, The Spectator

“Imaginative, compassionate and convincing.” —Wall Street Journal
LanguageEnglish
Release dateFeb 7, 2012
ISBN9780062077585
Author

Anna Funder

Anna Funder's international bestseller, Stasiland, won the Samuel Johnson Prize for nonfiction. Her debut novel, All That I Am, has won many prizes, including the prestigious Miles Franklin Literary Award. Anna Funder lives in Brooklyn, New York, with her husband and children.

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Rating: 3.75 out of 5 stars
4/5

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  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This book tired me out. Not that it's overly long or a slog to get through, but Funder's telling of the fear, paranoia, and betrayal that infected people during Hitler's earliest years in power and the reach of that early power is exhausting. At one point I realized it was only 1933-35 that I was reading about and it was jarring to think that there was a decade to go before the end of the war.

    Funder is an Australian writer and I'm participating in the Australian Women Writers Reading Challenge. I'm interested in German history as my Mom is from Germany. I'm also interested in Australian history and writers these days because several years ago we connected with cousins who'd left Germany for Australia after the family was bombed out of Dresden in 1945. My cousins live in Sydney. They've visited the US several times and we've had a reunion in Germany. I hope to make it to Australia sooner rather than later. Of course I'll hit every bookstore I can find, but I digress--back to the book.

    All That I Am is the story of a group of left-wing German activists at the end of the Weimar Republic: Ruth Becker, a self-described observer, and her husband Hans Wesemann; Ruth's cousin Dora Fabian; and Dora's lover Ernst Toller.

    Dora is the center of the novel. The action of the novel jumps around throughout time and the story is told through the alternating perspective of Ruth and Toller. Ruth's focus is Dora and Hans and Toller primarily tells his own story as he's revising his memoir to include Dora. The time frame of the novel stretches from 1923 when Ruth, as a young girl, convalesces with Dora's family, to contemporary Australia where Ruth lives an old woman recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's. There is also mention of World War I, in which Toller fought, and his earliest activist years in Munich, but most of the action takes place between 1933-1939.

    The book opens on the night of January 30, 1933, the day Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany. Ruth and Hans live in an apartment in the center of Berlin. They can see the Reichstag from their windows and hear Hitler give his first speech as chancellor. Hitler denounces communism. Hans eventually pulls Ruth away from the window to have some drinks, but first she rummages through their closet and pulls out a red flag, the symbol of the left movement, and hangs it out their window. Within a month, such an action would be not only illegal, but potentially suicidal.

    As Hitler continues to build and consolidate his power, Dora and Hans do what they can to combat the growing extremism. Their weapons are reason and words, which are no match for the propaganda and violence of the Nazis.

    The Reichstag burns on the night of February 27 and The Reichstag Fire Decree is issued the very next day. It basically suspended civil liberties and gave Hitler the power of martial law:

    It "permitted arrests without warrant, house searches, postal searches; it closed the newspapers and banned political meetings. In essence . . . it prevented campaigning by any other parties before the election. By the end of that day, thousands of anti-Hitler activists were being held in 'protective custody' in makeshift SA barracks. . . . Soon there was not enough room. That was when they set about building the concentration camps" (133).

    Overnight Ruth & Hans, and those in their circle of friends who are fortunate enough to be given time to get out of Germany, find themselves living as refugees.

    Ruth, Hans, and Dora end up in England. But once there they realize their fight against Hitler will face new challenges:

    "Our English visas stipulated 'no political activities of any kind'. But our lives would only have meaning if we could continue to help the underground in Germany, and try to alter the rest of the world to Hitler's plans for war. We were being offered exile on condition that we were silent about the reason we needed it. The silence chafed; it made us feel we were betraying those we had left behind. The British government was insisting on dealing with Hitler as a reasonable fellow, as if hoping he'd turn into one" (160).

    "The German government had silenced writers in Germany, and now it was trying to silence those of us who'd managed to get abroad. The Nazis were putting pressure on the British government to prevent us addressing public events. They threatened reprisals against publishers in Britain who were publishing our work. It wasn't just about depriving us of a living, it was the first step to silence" (177).

    One character works around the clock, in secret, of course, to carry on the fight against Hitler's take-over and ramp-up for war. Other characters try to work, too, but have a harder time finding their footing in exile. It's a story about friendship, love, bravery, cowardice, betrayal, and fear. Lots of fear and what it does to people.

    I was more interested in the Ruth/Dora portion of the story than the Toller/Dora portion. I thought Toller was a rather flat character, a bit of a washed-up pompous ass, if you will, which can often make a character "interesting," but he came off like a non-entity. There's good reason for that, from the context of the story, but for me Dora stole the show. I also really enjoyed the older Ruth.

    I won't go into anymore of the plot in order to avoid spoilers. I will say that there is no feel-good ending to this novel. It left me feeling wrung-out and hollow. I found myself thinking about the characters when I didn't realize my mind had drifted off to dwell on the story. It took a few weeks before I was ready to pick up another novel. However, don't let that sway you from picking up All That I Am. It's a powerful novel based on true events and real people. I highly recommend it.

    It's a good companion to Erik Larson's In the Garden of Beasts, a creative non-fiction account of 1933 through the eyes of America's first ambassador to Nazi Germany. If you read All That I Am and want to read another novel about German resistance to the Nazis I HIGHLY recommend Hans Fallada's Every Man Dies Alone.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    Summary: Story of a group of socialists fleeing nazi Germany before the outbreak of world war 2. They live in a world were no-one really believes Hitler is Hitler

    What I liked:

    Characters: Dora and Ruth in particular I thought were well realized.

    Setting: I was fascinated by the world of the pre-WWII Germany/England. That the evil of Hitler wasn't realized until much later was hard to take in.

    What I thought could be improved:

    I thought the plot was not that clever and developments were clearly signposted (even though I suspect they were intended to be 'the big twist'.

    Highlight: The scenes when the socialists are trying to flee Germany were so tense and dripping with sensation.

  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Wow! What superb writing! Is this a first novel? If so, one suspects many earlier learning attempts languish somewhere because this is a fully formed talent. The novel, thinly disguised over true history, is literary, thrilling and emotional. Exercise your heart and mind, and contemplate the lessons for the new century.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    The fictional story of a group of young political activists who are forced to flee Germany in the years before WWII and the reach of the Nazis to silence them. The author uses real people and events and The voices of Ernst Toller and Ruth as narrators,
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Sad, beautiful, important book. The best I've read so far this year.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Dieser Roman handelt von der bewegenden Lebensgeschichte der Ruth Blatt, welche im Roman als Protagonistin Ruth Wesemann in Erscheinung tritt. Bei Ruth Blatt handelt es sich um eine deutsche Widerstandskämpferin, die zum Zeitpunkt der Machtergreifung Hitlers nach London floh, um dort alles, was sie liebte zu verlieren und schließlich nach dem Krieg nach Australien auszuwandern. Dort traf sie auf Anna Funder, welcher sie ihre Lebensgeschichte anvertraute, die Grundlage dieses Romans wurde.Die Handlung wird abwechselnd aus der Perspektive von Ruth und Ernst Toller, dem Geliebten von Ruths Cousine Dora Fabian, geschildert. Dabei spielen Ruths Erzählungen zum einen Teil in der Vergangenheit, zum anderen in der Gegenwart, in der sie sich mit dem Alter und einem allmählichen Verlust ihres Kurzzeitgedächtnisses konfrontiert sieht. Doch schnell wird klar, dass Ruth zunehmend in der Vergangenheit lebt, ihre Erinnerungen an die Geschehnisse vor ihrer Auswanderung nach Australien scheinen umso klarer zu werden, je weniger sie sich an die aktuellen Vorkommnisse erinnern kann. Ruth erzählt von ihrer Kindheit, ihrer Beziehung zu ihrer Cousine Dora Fabian, welche sie wie eine große Schwester bewundert, und ihren anfänglichen politischen Aktivitäten, bei denen sie ihren Mann Hans Wesemann kennenlernte. Toller berichtet von seinem Hotelzimmer in New York aus von seiner Liebe zu Dora Fabian. Er versucht seine Biographie weiterzuführen, welche er mit Doras Hilfe zu schreiben begonnen hatte, und Doras Rolle in dieser gerecht zu werden. Die Gemeinsamkeit dieser beiden Menschen ist immer wieder Dora Fabian, welche so entschieden für ihre Ansichten eintritt und sich scheinbar vor nichts fürchtet.Ruth schildert ihre Flucht nach London, wo sie mit einigen anderen deutschen Widerstandskämpfern, unter anderem auch Dora Fabian und Mathilde Wurm, den Kampf gegen die Nationalsozialisten aufrecht erhält. Doch sie müssen in ständiger Angst vor der Abschiebung nach Deutschland aufgrund ihrer politischen Aktivitäten leben. Schließlich ereignet sich ein schrecklicher Verrat und Ruths Welt wird in ihren Grundfesten erschüttert...Dieser Roman hat mich sehr bewegt, es ist eine der Geschichten, die in Vergessenheit geraten, weil ihre Akteure, wie hier Ruth Blatt, nur eine unbedeutende Rolle in der Geschichte spielen. Auch Ruth ist offenbar der Meinung nicht genug für den Widerstand getan zu haben und fragt sich in ihrem hohen Alter, warum ausgerechnet sie überlebt hat. Gerade deshalb finde ich es schön, dass Anna Funder diese Biographie in ihrem Roman niedergeschrieben hat, um zu zeigen, dass Ruth zwar nicht so viel erreichen konnte wie ihre Cousine Dora, dass ihre Geschichte es aber dennoch wert ist, erzählt zu werden.Trotz der Brisanz der beschriebenen Ereignisse hatte der Roman meiner Meinung nach einige Längen. Dies lässt sich vielleicht damit erklären, dass Anna Funder nur Bruchstücke der Geschehnisse von Ruth Blatt erfahren hat und um diese Bruchstücke eine Handlung konstruieren musste. Dies ist ihr meiner Meinung nach gut gelungen, alle Fakten scheinen gut recherchiert und ihre Quellen legt Anna Funder außerdem am Ende des Romans vor. Allerdings denke ich, dass es einen Unterschied macht, eine solche Geschichte von dem Menschen, der sie erlebt hat, erzählt zu bekommen oder sie in einem Roman nachzulesen. Die Informationen, welche Anna Funder für diesen Roman eingeholt hat, wirken meiner Meinung nach nicht so lebendig, wie andere und scheinen zum Teil als notwendiges „Füllmaterial“ für den Roman zu dienen.Demgegenüber zeichnet Anna Funder ein sehr lebendiges Bild von Ruth Blatt, die immer eine Metapher zur Beschreibung ihrer Umwelt und eine Weisheit auf Lager zu haben scheint, sodass man manche Schroffheit gegenüber ihren Mitmenschen leicht übersieht. Man lernt diese Frau zu mögen und bewundern, obwohl sie in der Vergangenheit machtlos gegenüber der Übermacht der Nationalsozialisten blieb. Abschließend möchte ich dieses Buch insbesondere denjenigen weiterempfehlen, die sich für Geschichte interessieren, aber auch allen anderen, da dieser Roman über eine bloße Erzählung der deutschen Geschichte hinausgeht.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    "Hans, who was shy speaking to the English, spoke of them as they fitted his preconceptions: a nation of shopkeepers, tea drinkers, lawn clippers. But I came to see them differently. What had seemed a conformist reticence revealed itself, after a time, to be an inbred, ineffable sense of fair play. They didn't need as many external rules as we did because they had internalised the standards of decency."(from the blurb) When Hitler comes to power in 1933, a tight-knit group of friends and lovers become hunted outlaws overnight. United in their resistance to the madness and tyranny of Nazism, they must flee the country. Dora, passionate and fearless, her lover, the great playwright Ernst Toller, her younger cousin Ruth and Ruth's husband Hans find refuge in London. Here they take breathtaking risks in order to continue their work in secret. But England is not the safe haven they think it to be, and a single, chilling act of betrayal will tear them apart.Often a book seems driven by one of three things to me - plot, characters, or beautiful writing. This seemed a half-and-half study of plot and characters. The plot moved at inconsistent speed (and jumped around - but more on that later), but while we stayed in one place and time, particularly in the early 30s in Germany and then in the mid 30s in London, it was well-crafted and progressed. A level of tension is well-maintained without being exhausting. I didn't see the plot twist coming at all. I was surprised when it came, who it was that was responsible, and the effects.I already protested about the back-and-forth perspective, the way we flick from Ruth as an old woman, to Ruth as a young woman during the Nazi years, to Ernst Toller at the start of the war, and back again. I still maintain that Ernst's story served no purpose at all - it was necessary that some of the information about Dora came through him, but that was really it.Young Ruth was my favourite character (I suspect this is Funder's intention); gentle and idealistic, committed and loving. I found Dora more difficult; headstrong, impetuous, strangely unconcerned with consequences. Ernst was sanctimonious and selfish, and Hans was strangely nothing. He was inspired and gregarious as a young man, but he petered out into nothingness in a new country. I loved old Ruth's observations on Bev (her carer) - a little comic relief in the other timeline.This is such a depressing book. So naturally I read it on holiday in Rome in the sunshine. But still. I can't decide whether it needed heavier editing, redirecting, or whether I was never going to like something so dark.One thing this book did teach me was the experience of living in 20s Germany. At school we only heard about the rampant inflation and needing a wheelbarrow full of cash to buy a loaf of bread; this book managed to convey the joy and freedom and idealism and optimism of the early 20s. No mean feat.Not bad, and others will enjoy it more than I. But so, so depressing.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    A complex story set in the years following the Nazis coming to power in Germany and the outbreak of WW11 that focuses on German political exiles in London. Funder brings a relatively unknown (at least to me) bit of history to life in a taut, but ultimately extremely bleak story involving betrayal of the highest order. There are no happy endings for any involved.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I know this book has won an award and I was looking forward to reading it for a book club meeting but I was disappinted with it. The historical aspect of the book was interesting and needs to be told especially since it is a story built around real people. I did no know that there were people exiled from Germany working in England, trying to make people aware, unsuccessfully, of what was happening in Germany. I found the format that it was written in difficult to get used to, that the story is told by two characters Ruth and Toller and that in each of their sections the time period moves forward and back. I did not really become emotionally attached to the characters and found too that there were too many minor characters so that at times it was difficult to keep track of them. there was not a lot of detail about them. It was not a gripping read for me - in some ways I was just reading to get to the end.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    Il found this very interesting, moreso because it was historical fiction of peoples' lives trying to warn Europe regarding the events in Nazi Germany. I cared about many of the characters, although I did not find it easy to know them all. I also did not always know the exact time frame, but I do not feel that was important. Knowing the risks these people took made the novel worthwhile.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This is one of my favourite novels.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    The winner of Australia’s Miles Franklin Award and several other prizes, Funder’s WWII drama, All That I Am, is said to be based on real characters. A group of left-wing German activists find themselves self-exiled to England when Hitler comes to power in the 1930s. From their London base, they try to alert the world to the human-rights atrocities being perpetrated by Hitler’s government. With hindsight, we think all should have listened. But no one did.I found this to be very powerful in an elegant, understated fashion, and think it well-deserving of the prizes and honourable mentions that it garnered.Read this if: you’re interested in a slightly different perspective on Hitler’s rise to power. 4½ stars
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    This is a very well-written story of betrayal, bravery and its shameful opposite, cowardice. In an imagined novel about true events, acclaimed author, Anna Funder, has presented a visual of Hitler’s brutality, the political games played during his regime, and the accompanying blind eye of the world, from shortly after World War I, leading up to World War II. This book shines a bright light on the lives of those unsung heroes who bravely fought injustice but were often betrayed by those close to them who were spineless or misguided by their own fear or bigotry.The author’s use of the English language is superb. The reader is treated as an educated observer, drawn carefully into the mystery with excellent character studies and scene set-ups. Sexual images were not reduced to the erotic descriptions of some books today, but rather were beautifully drawn, tasteful, and sensitive, not meant to titillate but to educate the reader about the interaction of the characters.The book starts simply enough, with a statement that was the harbinger of things to come,“when Hitler came to power, I was in the bath…” No one could have imagined the horror to come more than a decade later. The book is told in two voices, one is Dr.Ernst Toller, a famous playwright of that time who opposed Hitler. The other is Dr. Ruth Weseman, based on the real life Dr. Ruth Blatt. It is through these two characters that the story of Dr. Dora Fabian is told. She was truly a brave, young woman, single-minded in her opposition to Hitler, who risked her life to get the truth out into the open, but the world was not listening to her or any of those like her. The world was busy playing politics. Disbelief about the unimaginable crimes against humanity, along with personal bigotry and a need for self preservation, and the fear that this unthinkable cruelty would be visited upon themselves, their families or friends, kept the public from accepting or acting upon, the magnitude of the injustices perpetrated by Hitler during his slow, but steady, rise to power.In the 20’s and 30’s, a group of Jews, members of the Independent Social Democratic Party, intent on creating a more just world after World War I, opposed to Hitler and his rising regime, left Germany, in fear for their lives, and settled in London. They were allowed to remain for three months at a time, with renewable visas, forbidden from doing anything political. They, however, were unable, without shame, not to fight back against the growing army of Hitler’s supporters, and so they disobeyed the law. In some cases, although Britain was aware of the atrocities being committed, they remanded some of them back to German custody.Ruth is quite elderly, retreating into her memories. She is a resolute woman who seems a bit cynical and also unsure or confused about why she is still living and others are not. She was once married to Hans Weseman. Ernst and Dora were acutely well suited to each other. Although they were not married, Dora loved her freedom, still, their love was constant, even if troubled, and it chronicled Hitler’s rise to power. Ernst, Dora, Ruth and Hans were all friends, members of a Socialist Party that opposed Hitler’s National Socialists. Hans, among them, is the only non-Jew.Because the book is narrated by two characters separated in the telling by several decades, the timeline of the speakers was sometimes confusing. Toller relates his experiences with Dora, beginning in the early 1920’s, to the woman working for him in the late 1930’s. At times, I wasn’t sure if he was speaking to Clara or Dora. Ruth relates her story to her caregiver, Bev, in the 1990’s and when she slips back into the 30’s, it is sometimes difficult to discern immediately. Once the rhythm is established, however, it all falls into place and we witness the author deftly moving us from a memory in the past to one in the future. For instance, Toller sets out to deliver a note to his wife, Christiane, in the 30’s, and suddenly, the narrative switches to Ruth, in the 90’s, who is also setting out to go for a walk to get some air and escape the confines of her living quarters. Both walks are followed by disastrous incidents. As Toller remembers Dora and her minimal drug use in the 20's, we are suddenly witnessing Dora in the bathroom with a hypodermic in the 30's. Then we see Ruth in a hospital, in the 90's, on drugs for pain, after she has fallen. We witness the performance of a woman, sometime in the 1930’s, as Ruth and Hans watch; she is pulling handkerchiefs out from under her rubber dress, and then, we are witnessing Bev, Ruth’s caretaker, in the 90's, asking her for the location of her rubber gloves. These scenes and so many others, truly segue seamlessly together to move the dialogue along, throughout the story.In the two narrations, one speaker is old, with memories that fade in and out, while the other, younger, in his middle 40’s, is also a bit unstable, with memories that grieve him to distraction. As Ruth dreams, Toller has visions. Their memories tell the story of this indomitable, free- spirited precursor to the woman’s libber, Dora Fabian, a forward thinker, a woman with the purest hunger to rescue Jews and those willing to fight the good cause, against the growing threat of National Socialism. It is through their combined reminiscences that we learn of their lives during the time of Hitler, of their heroism; we learn about their friends and their enemies, some that will be very surprising to the reader. Treachery came from surprising quarters. Ruth attempted to fight Hitler in any way she could, helping her cousin Dora who was really the central figure in the resistance effort. Dora and Toller attempted to spread the word about Hitler’s hateful behavior to the world. The world continued to be deaf, dumb and blind. Hitler was taking over quietly, subtly assuming more and more power, placing himself above the law, without opposition from any quarter. His grasp of politics and his skill at taking control was huge. The changes in the laws were insidious. Before anyone was aware of the changes, freedom was truly lost for enormous segments of the German population, and this was, surprisingly, even before he brought war to the world.As the book moves back and forth from the US in 1939, with Toller’s effort to immortalize Dora, by writing about her, to Australia in the 1990’s, where Ruth’s memories bring her into the present and past at will, we learn of the bravery of this small group of people and their courageous efforts, often thwarted by the highest authorities, because of their refusal to recognize what was in front of their eyes, because of politics, because of blatant anti-Semitism, and other prejudices coupled with enormous greed and envy.On p. 187 of the book, there is a statement about the fact that they underestimated that the liberation from selfhood offered by the Nazis, would have such a lure of mindless belonging and purpose, and in its essence, that statement is the crux of the explanation of the times and the rationalization of the people. Hitler offered the Germans a way out, a way to feel good again, and they simply took it and never looked back or thought about the cost.The heroism of those few who stood up to the madness of “the madman”, is simply and credibly expressed between these pages. They had no idea what motivated the people to follow Hitler and believed, if only they knew about his heinous activities, they would soon wake up to prevent his further rise to power. They were woefully naïve, although well intentioned.I was not surprised to learn of the widespread anti-Semitism, which is now common knowledge, but I was surprised to learn that England, which offered them safe haven, after a fashion, also betrayed them by sending them back for the sake of political expedience, even knowing that the Nazis had often entered illegally into countries and assassinated those speaking against their regime, and knowing that those they returned would be imprisoned or worse. The Jews were not truly welcomed anywhere but Shanghai, China. All other shores forbade their entrance without a passport and Hitler confiscated their passports to make them stateless. All of the countries were complicit in the mass slaughter, one way or another. This stain upon history will not easily be erased.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    Powerful, beautiful, sad. An amazing story wonderfully and passionately told.
  • Rating: 5 out of 5 stars
    5/5
    I felt bereft for several days after finishing this book. It's a novel woven from real-life events, which always makes me a bit anxious the thing will simply fall flat, but in this case quite the opposite happened. It's sparky, effervescent, clever, nuanced, gripping...I could go on, but I'd rather not take up any more of the time you could spend reading All That I Am instead.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    'All that I am' is not your average holocaust book. Anna Funder carves out a little-covered niche in time - the period before the worst of the atrocities - as the setting for her excellently written and researched book. The book's main characters are left-wing intelligenzia fleeing from Germany in the face of increasing threats by the Reich. The story is their struggle to tell the outside world of Germany's slide into despotism, as well as the individual stories of resourcefulness and incredible bravery, bewilderment and displacement. I always find books based on real life events compelling and this book is no exception. Anna Funder is to be congratulated for vividly bringing these little known individuals and their heroic deeds to life and for contributing to the answer to that enduring question about the Holocaust and other such atrocities - 'How could these things happen?'
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    It is sometimes difficult to separate a book from the hype surrounding it, and this is particularly true since All That I Am won the Miles Franklin Award. When it comes down to brass tacks, this is not an especially insightful look at life for refugees of the Holocaust, but it is still an interesting and worthwhile read. The novel alternates between two narrators - young activist Ruth and famed writer Ernst Toller - as they navigate (somewhat disjointedly) through several different time periods. Perhaps because Ruth is based on a real-life friend of the author, she feels more rounded and authentic than Toller, whose life is drawn from secondary sources only. I found myself looking forward to Ruth's next chapter, sometimes wishing Funder had stuck with a single protagonist. All That I Am has its flaws, but the betrayal Ruth experiences at the hands of a trusted ally is truly devastating.
  • Rating: 4 out of 5 stars
    4/5
    An amazing book outlining and embellishing real events in the period between the World Wars. I was staggered to find that the characters are based on real people and their resistance work during the rise of Hitler to power.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    Like other reviewers, I'm afraid I found this a difficult book to engage with. The first line about being in the bath when Hitler came to power is very powerful,and the prologue drew me in but I then just couldn't get into the story at all. I preferred the parts told by Ruth to the parts told by Toller, but generally neither narrative really grabbed me in the way I would have hoped.I may revisit the book at some point in the future, but for the time being I'm going to move on to something else.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    All That I Am displays great respect for people acting in heroic ways during wartime. Set in the 1920s and 1930s, we follow Ruth, Dora, Hans and Toller living in Germany. They work as part of the underground against the Third Reich. They are expelled outside of the Reich’s borders and wind up in London as refugees.Ms. Funder helps us understand the premise of her book through the voice of two minor characters. “All that we are not stares back at all that we are.” P. 96“ We must believe in God…because if we don’t we will have to believe in man, and then we will only be disappointed.” P. 237 We learn, however that some of the main characters exceed expectations and act courageously and with little fear for their own fates in order to inform England of Hitler’s threat.The premise is extraordinary, and is based on true events. I found the book disjointed. The point of view and time periods switch often. This complicates the reading, despite the fact that chapter headings reveal the character speaking. The outcome grabs you by the collar, but the “getting there” is a bit of a maze. Reviewed by Holly Weiss, author of Crestmont
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I struggled with this one. Although the story was based on fact and compelling in its content, I found my mind wandering and not really taken to task with the character portrayals. I continued to read, hoping for some connection, but to the very end I remained nonplus over Ruth and her cousins plight. My lack of empathy is uncommon, as I usually feel deeply for those who suffered so in the hands of Hitler's Nazi Germany. I can only conclude that Funder's style does not grab at my heart with the serverity that other writers such as Nemirovsky and Schlink do.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I love books that feature real life events and the people who figured prominently in them. The historical data and the characters in this book were fascinating, I just had a little trouble with the format. I appreciated that the book chapters were headed with the persons name, but within the chapters themselves the events were related into the past and the present. Different chapters also did this, back and forth and while I could keep track of what was happening when, it served as a distraction and kept me becoming fully invested in the story. I would get into one part and it would be switched to another, very frustrating especially since this was a very well written book. Just really didn't care for the structure.
  • Rating: 2 out of 5 stars
    2/5
    After Stasiland, this is a step backwards. It's writing is superficial and although I wanted to care about the characters, they are outlined and not developed internally. On this ground, for me it does not work as a novel. The sources and acknowledgements at the back look like fascinating starting points to develop ideas and characters from. Looking at "All That I Am", it reads as a series of events with short chapters and extensive use of paragraphing and dialogue, as if I could be willed into a film script without any effort by the reader. Perhaps this was aimed at the 18 to 30 generation who with high school history under their belt might respond to historical events with interest. The problem for me was not the research, it was in the writer's skill in writing creatively and having the ability to get into the skin of the characters. I persevered with it, although I could sense within the first 50 pages that there was little substance behind the hype.
  • Rating: 3 out of 5 stars
    3/5
    I liked Stasiland very much, but All That I Am seems confused as to its nature. It has qualities of memoir, biography, history and fiction, and the result is a muddle, and quite unsatisfying as a novel. I think she should have stuck to the historical story rather than translate it into the genre of fiction. Funder is keen to expose what was going on in Germany in the pre-war years but the tone is earnest rather than engaging. While the lead characters might be true to history, perhaps the facts were weighing them down; I felt they lacked colour and appeal. In addition, the wide range of secondary characters, only sketched in, made it hard to keep track of who they were. Finally, I didn’t like the mix of present tense and reminiscence used by the two main narrators – it was bit disorienting.

Book preview

All That I Am - Anna Funder

PART I

RUTH

‘I’m afraid, Mrs Becker, the news is not altogether comforting.’

I am in a posh private clinic in Bondi Junction with harbour views. Professor Melnikoff has silver hair and half-glasses, a sky-blue silk tie, and long hands clasped together on his desk. His thumbs play drily with one another. I wonder whether this man has been trained to deal with the people around the body part of interest to him, in this case, my brain. Probably not. Melnikoff, in his quietness, has the manner of one who appreciates having a large white nuclear tomb between him and another person.

And he has seen inside my mind; he is preparing to tell me the shape and weight and creeping betrayals of it. Last week they loaded me into the MRI machine, horizontal in one of those verdammten gowns that do not close at the back: designed to remind one of the fragility of human dignity, to ensure obedience to instruction, and as a guarantee against last-minute flight. Loud ticking noises as the rays penetrated my skull. I left my wig on.

‘It’s Doctor Becker actually,’ I say. Outside of the school, I never used to insist on the title. But I have found, with increasing age, that humility suits me less. Ten years ago I decided I didn’t like being treated like an old woman, so I resumed full and fierce use of the honorific. And comfort, after all, is not what I’m here for. I want the news.

Melnikoff smiles and gets up and places the transparencies of my brain, black-and-white photo-slices of me, under clips on a lightboard. I notice a real Miró – not a print – on his wall. They socialised the health system here long ago, and he can still afford that? There was nothing to be afraid of, then, was there?

‘Well, Dr Becker,’ he says, ‘these bluish areas denote the beginnings of plaquing.’

‘I’m a doctor of letters,’ I say. ‘In English. If you don’t mind.’

‘You’re really not doing too badly. For your age.’

I make my face as blank as I can manage. A neurologist should know, at the very least, that age does not make one grateful for small mercies. I feel sane enough – young enough – to experience loss as loss. Then again, nothing and no one has been able to kill me yet.

Melnikoff returns my gaze mildly, his fingertips together. He has a soft unhurriedness in his dealings with me. Perhaps he likes me? The thought comes as a small shock.

‘It’s the beginning of deficit accumulation – aphasia, short-term memory loss, perhaps damage to some aspects of spatial awareness, to judge from the location of the plaquing.’ He points to soupy areas at the upper front part of my brain. ‘Possibly some effect on your sight, but let’s hope not at this stage.’

On his desk sits a wheel calendar, an object from an era in which the days flipped over one another without end. Behind him the harbour shifts and sparkles, the great green lung of this city.

‘Actually, Professor, I am remembering more, not less.’

He removes his half-glasses. His eyes are small and watery, the irises seeming not to sit flush with the whites. He is older than I thought. ‘You are?’

‘Things that happened. Clear as day.’

A whiff of kerosene, unmistakable. Though that can’t be right.

Melnikoff holds his chin between thumb and forefinger, examining me.

‘There may be a clinical explanation,’ he says. ‘Some research suggests that more vivid long-term recollections are thrown up as the short-term memory deteriorates. Occasionally, intense epiphenomena may be experienced by people who are in danger of losing their sight. These are hypotheses, no more.’

‘You can’t help me then.’

He smiles his mild smile. ‘You need help?’

I leave with an appointment in six months’ time, for February 2002. They don’t make them so close together as to be dispiriting for us old people, but they don’t make them too far apart, either.

Afterwards, I take the bus to hydrotherapy. It is a kneeling bus, one which tilts its forecorner to the ground for the lame, like me. I ride it from the pink medical towers of Bondi Junction along the ridge above the water into town. Out the window a rosella feasts from a flame tree, sneakers hang-dance on an electric wire. Behind them the earth folds into hills that slope down to kiss that harbour, lazy and alive.

In danger of losing their sight. I had very good eyes once. Though it’s another thing to say what I saw. In my experience, it is entirely possible to watch something happen and not to see it at all.

The hydrotherapy class is at the fancy new swimming pool in town. Like most things, hydrotherapy only works if you believe in it.

The water is warm, the temperature finely gauged so as not to upset the diabetics and heart fibrillators among us. I have a patch I stick on my chest each day. It sends an electrical current to my heart to spur it on if it flags. From previous, quietly death-defying experiments, I know it stays on underwater.

We are seven in the pool today, four women and three men. Two of the men are brought down the ramp into the water on wheelchairs, like the launching of ships. Their attendants hover around them, the wheels of the things ungainly in the water. I am at the back, behind a woman in an ancient yellow bathing cap with astonishing rubber flowers sprouting off it. We raise our hands obediently. I watch our swinging arm-flesh. The aging body seems to me to get a head start on decomposition, melting quietly inside its own casing.

‘Arms over heads – breathing in – now bringing them down – breathing out – pushing till they’re straight behind you – breathe IN!’

We need, apparently, to be reminded to inhale.

The young instructor on the pool edge has a crescent of spiky white hair around her head and a microphone coming down in front of her mouth. We look up to her as to someone saved. She is pleasant and respectful, but she is clearly an emissary bearing tidings – rather belatedly for us – that physical wellbeing may lead to eternal life.

I am trying to believe in hydrotherapy, though Lord knows I failed at believing in God. When I was young, during the First World War, my brother Oskar would hide a novel – The Idiot or Buddenbrooks – under the prayer book at synagogue so Father would not notice. Eventually I declared, with embarrassing thirteen-year-old certainty, ‘Forced love hurts God,’ and refused to go. Looking back on it I was, even then, arguing on His terms; how can you hurt something that doesn’t exist?

And now, eons later, if I am not careful I find myself thinking, Why did God save me and not all those other people? The believers? Deep down, my strength and luck only make sense if I am one of the Chosen People. Undeserving, but Chosen still; I am long-living proof of His irrationality. Neither God nor I, when you think about it, deserves to exist.

‘Now we’re concentrating on legs, so just use your arms as you like, for balance,’ the girl says. Jody? Mandy? My hearing aid is in the change rooms. I wonder if it is picking all this up, broadcasting it to the mothers wrestling their children out of wet costumes, to the mould and pubic hair and mysterious sods of unused toilet paper on the floor.

‘We’re putting the left one out, and turning circles from the knee.’

A siren sounds, bleating on and off. Over at the big pool, the waves are going to start. Children walk-run through the water with their hands up, keen to be at the front where the waves will be biggest. Teen girls subtly check that their bikini tops will hold; mothers hip their babies and walk in too, for the fun. A little boy with red goggles darts in up to his chin. Behind him a slight young woman with hair falling in a soft bob on her cheeks walks calmly forward, shoulderblades moving under her skin like intimations of wings. My heart lurches: Dora!

It is not her, of course – my cousin would be even older than me – but no matter. Almost every day, my mind finds some way to bring her to me. What would Professor Melnikoff have to say about that, I wonder?

The wave comes and goggle-boy slides up its side, tilting his mouth to the ceiling for air, but it swallows him entire. After it passes he’s nowhere. Then, further down the pool, he surfaces, gulping and ecstatic.

‘Dr Becker?’ The girl’s voice from above. ‘It’s time to leave.’

The others are already over near the steps, waiting for the wheelchair men to be positioned on the ramp. I look up at her and see she’s smiling. Perhaps that microphone gives her a direct line to God.

‘There’s ten minutes till the next class but,’ she says. ‘So no hurry.’

Someone is meting out time in unequal allotments. Why not choose a white-haired messenger, lisping and benign?

Bev has left me a small pot of shepherd’s pie in the fridge, covered tight in plastic wrap. It has a sprinkling of pepper on the mashed-potato topping, and it also has, in its perfectly measured single-serve isolation, a compulsory look about it. So I thaw a piece of frozen cheesecake for dinner – one of the advantages of living alone – then fizz a Berocca in a tall glass to make up for it. I’ll have to explain myself to Bev when she comes tomorrow.

In bed the cicadas outside keep me company – it’s still early. Their chorus coaxes the night into coming, as if without their encouragement it would not venture into this bright place. What a ni-ight! they seem to chirrup, what a ni-ight! And then we are quiet together.

TOLLER

Two quick knocks at the door – Clara and I maintain formalities because formalities are required between a man and a woman who work alone in a hotel room, as between a doctor and a patient in the most personal procedure. Our formalities transform this place of rumpled dreams – the sod-green curtains, the breakfast tray uncleared, the bed I hastily made – into a place of work.

‘Good morning.’ An open smile on her red-painted lips, lips that look suddenly intimate. It is the smile of a young woman whose flame is undiminished by racial exile; who has possibly been loved this morning.

‘Good morning, Clara.’

Today she wears an apricot faux-silk shirt with lavish sleeves and three-button cuffs – a cheap copy of luxury that lasts but a season and may just be the essence of democracy. ‘Peachy’, as they’d say here in America, although in English I can’t tell poetry from a pun. She brings with her morning air, new-minted for this day, the 16th of May 1939.

Clara looks around the room, assessing the damage of the night. She knows I do not sleep. Her gaze comes to rest on me, in the armchair. I’m fiddling with a tasselled cord. Its green and gold threads catch the light.

‘I’ll do it,’ she says, springing forward. She takes the cord and ties back the drapes.

But the cord is not from the drapes. It is from my wife Christiane’s dressing gown. When she left me, six weeks ago, I took it as a keepsake. Or an act of sabotage.

‘No mail?’

Clara collects it each day from the postbox on her way in.

‘No,’ she says, her face averted at the window. She takes a deep breath, turns, and walks purposefully to the table. Then she rummages in her bag, still standing, for her steno pad. ‘Shall we finish the letter to Mrs Roosevelt?’ she asks.

‘Not now. Maybe later.’

Today I have other plans. I reach over and pick up my autobiography from the table. My American publisher wants to bring it out in English. He thinks that after the success of my plays in Britain, and my American lecture tour, it should sell. He is trying, God love him, to help me, since I gave away all my money to the starving children of Spain.

I don’t need money any more, but I do need to set the record straight. As sure as I sit here today, Hitler will soon have his war. (Not that anyone in this country seems to care – his opening salvo, the invasion of Czechoslovakia just weeks ago, has slid down to page thirteen in the New York Times.) But what people don’t realise is that his war has been on against us for years. There have been casualties already. Someone needs to write their names.

Clara is staring out the window at Central Park, waiting for me to gather my thoughts. While her back is still turned I ask, ‘Have you read I Was a German?’

‘No. No, I haven’t.’ She swivels, placing a stray curl of dark hair behind her ear.

‘Good. Good, good.’

She laughs – Clara has a PhD from Frankfurt and a fine mind and can afford lavish self-deprecation. ‘It’s not good!’

‘No, it is.’

She tilts her face to me, the freckles strewn across it as random and perfect as a constellation.

‘Because I’m going to be making some changes.’

She waits.

‘It’s incomplete.’

‘I should hope so.’

‘No. Not updates. Someone I left out.’

My memoir is subtly, shamefully self-aggrandising. I put myself at the centre of everything; I never admitted any doubts or fear. (I was cunning, though, telling of isolated childhood cruelties and adult rashness, to give the illusion – not least to myself – of full disclosure.) I left my love out, and now she is nowhere. I want to see whether, at this late stage of the game, honesty is possible for me.

When I open the book in my lap its pages stand up like a fan, held tight to a midpoint. The National Socialists took my diaries – probably burnt them on their pyres as well. I must work from memory.

The girl sits down at the table, side-on to me. Clara Bergdorf has been working with me for five weeks. She is a rare soul, with whom silences of whole minutes are calm. The time is neither empty, nor full of anticipatory pressure. It expands. It makes room for things to return, to fill my empty heart.

I light a cigar and leave it smoking in the ashtray. ‘We’ll start with the introduction. Add this dedication at the end.’ I clear my throat. ‘I call to mind a woman, to whose courageous act I owe the saving of these manuscripts.’ I breathe deeply and look out at the sky, today a soft, undecided colour.

‘When in January, 1933, the Dictator of Braunau was given power against the German People, Dora Fabian, whose life has ended —’

And then I break off. Clara thinks I am paralysed by grief, but it is not so. I simply do not know how to describe that ending. In the park the wind toys with the trees, shifting leaves and branches a fraction every which way – as if the music has stopped but they cannot, for the sheer life of them, keep absolutely still. Clara risks a glance in my direction. She is relieved to see I am not weeping. (I have form in that department.)

‘Sorry.’ I turn back to her. ‘Where was I?’

Dora Fabian,’ she reads back, ‘whose life has ended.

‘Thank you.’ I look out again and find my word. ‘Sorrowfully,’ I say, which is the plainest truth there is. ‘Whose life has ended sorrowfully in exile, went to my flat and brought away to safety two trunk-loads of manuscripts.’

Clara doesn’t look up. Her hand moves steadily across the page, coming to rest only moments after I stop speaking.

‘The police got to know of what she had done and sent her to prison. She said that the papers had been destroyed. After she was released from prison she fled from Germany, and, shortly before her death, she got the papers out of Germany with the assistance of a disillusioned Nazi. Full stop.’

Clara puts down her pencil.

That is all? I close my eyes.

Dora’s editorial trace is all over my book: the sharp focus, the humour. At the end of our lives it is our loves we remember most, because they are what shaped us. We have grown to be who we are around them, as around a stake.

And when the stake is gone?

‘All right, then?’ Clara asks softly after a few minutes. She thinks I’ve drifted off, taken advantage of her sweet presence and gone to sleep. She touches the edges of the pad in front of her.

‘Yes, yes.’ I sit up properly again.

I will tell it all. I will bring Dora back, and I will make her live in this room.

RUTH

The doorbell is ringing.

I ignore it. Without opening my eyes, I can tell it’s morning.

Ring ring ring ring ring ring ring . . . 

Verdammtes bell. Fuh-ken bell, as they say here. The thing has aged along with me and it sticks. I move my bad leg with the other one over the side of the bed, and slide my feet, gnarled as mallee roots, into the sheepskin shoes – one built up, the other plastic-soled. I leave my wig on the dresser.

Ring ring . . . 

I open the door. The van speeds off – I can just make out, in purple writing on its side, ‘The World on Time’. It’s seven o’clock in the morning! A tad early, if you ask me.

A FedEx package on the mat. I stoop to get it with my stiff leg sticking out – I am a bald giraffe in an unreliable dressing gown and I feel sorry for any passers-by who might see me, mangy-minged and inglorious. This gives me a wicked thrill, till I imagine they might include children, whom I have, in general, no desire to horrify.

I move into the front room, my favourite room. It smells of furniture wax – Bev must have done it while I was out yesterday. She uses the wax – along with her Vicks VapoRub and her copper bracelets – as part of an arsenal against decay and time, suffocating the world with a layer of polyvinyls to make it shiny and preserve it forever like the plastic food in Japanese restaurant windows. She sprays the glass-fronted bookcases, the wooden arms of the chairs, even – I have witnessed this – the leaves of the rubber plant. One day I will sit too long and she will spray me as well, preserving me for all time as an exhibit: ‘European Refugee from Mid-Twentieth Century’. Not that I need preserving. Unkraut vergeht nicht, my mother used to say: you can’t kill a weed.

The other side of the package reads ‘Columbia University New York, Department of Germanic Languages’. Here in Sydney, the events of the world wash up later as story, smoothed and blurred as fragments of glass on the sand. And now?

Dear Dr Becker,

We refer to previous correspondence in this matter. As you are aware, the Mayflower Hotel is to be demolished at the end of 2001. The building is being emptied in preparation for this.

Um Gottes willen! How would I be aware? Sitting here in Bondi? And what ‘previous correspondence’? Then again, it might have slipped my mind.

The enclosed documents, belonging to Mr Ernst Toller, were found in a safe in the basement. The material consists of a first edition of Mr Toller’s autobiography, I Was a German, together with sheets of typed amendments to it. A handwritten note with the words ‘For Ruth Wesemann’ was found on top of them. The German Restitutions Authority has confirmed that you were formerly known as Ruth Wesemann.

Should you so decide, the Butler Library of our university would be honoured to house this material for future generations. We already hold first editions of all of Toller’s plays, and his correspondence from his time in the United States. We have taken the liberty of making copies for safekeeping.

If I or any member of the university faculty can be of assistance to you, we would welcome the opportunity.

Yours sincerely,

Mary E. Cunniliffe

Brooke Russell Astor Director for Special Collections

Toller!

His book is brittle as old skin, or a pile of leaves. The spine is broken, sprung loose from the cloth cover because of the sheets of paper thrust between its pages. Something from him to me: it can only be about her.

I reach to put it for a moment on the coffee table but my hands are shaking and some of the papers fall out onto the glass, then slip off to the floor. Inside me a sharpness – my hand moves to check the patch over my heart.

In his presence, and hers, I am returned to my core self. All my wry defences, my hard-won caustic shell, are as nothing. I was once so open to the world it hurts. The room blurs.

When I pick the book up again, it falls open at the first, typed insertion:

I call to mind a woman, to whose courageous act I owe the saving of these manuscripts. When in January, 1933, the Dictator of Braunau was given power against the German People, Dora Fabian, whose life has ended sorrowfully in exile, went to my flat and brought away to safety two trunk-loads of manuscripts. The police got to know of what she had done and sent her to prison. She said that the papers had been destroyed. After she was released from prison she fled from Germany, and, shortly before her death, she got the papers out of Germany with the assistance of a disillusioned Nazi.

Ernst Toller

New York, May 1939

Toller was always a master of compression.

I pull a rug over my knees. I’d like to crawl back inside the night, perhaps to dream of her. But one can control dreams less than anything in life, which is to say, not at all.

TOLLER

I am so settled here I might never leave this room. The Mayflower Hotel, Central Park West, is quite a good hotel – not the best, by any means. Still, if I am honest, better than I can afford. But honesty is so hard. If I look too closely at the truth I might be unhinged by regret and lose hope in the world.

Then again, I may be well and truly unhinged already. Last week on the subway, a man hanging absent-mindedly onto the leather hand-strap stared at me a little long. Without thinking I flashed him what Dora called my ‘famous person’s smile’. The poor fellow turned away as if ignoring a tic.

I fled Europe for the land of the free, but I didn’t quite count on invisibility. In Berlin or Paris, in London or Moscow or Dubrovnik, I couldn’t take two steps without wading into autograph hunters. Once in a tender moment, Dora said it was good for me to know my work was appreciated. But I had been famous a long time; I was on first-name terms with the phantom-Toller the press had made. Though I needed applause like oxygen, I never believed the love and plaudits were for the real me, who, because of my black times, I kept well hidden.

Clara has gone to get coffee. We are in a hiatus; the hotel knows I can’t pay the bill but is not throwing me out. Out of gratitude, we don’t push the limits by using room service.

I love Central Park. There’s a man out there now on a soapbox gesturing to passers-by, trying to attract and keep them like papers in the wind. I know that feeling: eyes screaming that the world belongs to you and you can reveal it all, if people will only stop, and listen. It is this prospect, of something freshly imagined, some new possibility of belief, that America holds out to all comers.

The book is in my lap. What chutzpah, to write my life story at forty! Or a bad omen. Perhaps, having written it down, I now feel the life is done. Dora would have made me snap out of it. There are some people just the thought of whom makes us behave better.

It is six years ago now, that we worked on this book. In Berlin, in my narrow little study on Wilmersdorfer Strasse. Dora’s desk was behind the door, practically obscured if anyone opened it. She would sit there in the shadow, stockinged feet resting on two dictionaries stacked on the floor. My desk was bigger, under the window. She took down my words, pulling me up and putting me to rights if I veered off course. Dora thought I left the bitterest and most basic emotions out of the book, in favour of, as she put it, ‘all that derring-do’. I didn’t want to write about what went on inside me.

Our worst fight happened when I was writing about my – how should I say? – my collapse, after I was discharged from the front. When Dora wanted to interrupt me she used to put the steno pad down in her lap. When she had something serious to say, she’d swivel around to the desk, place pad and pencil down carefully there, and turn to me empty-handed. This was an empty-handed time.

She clasped her palms together between her thighs. ‘I think . . .’ she said, and stopped. She ran both hands through her dark, bobbed hair, which fell straight back into her face. She started again. ‘You’ve just written here so powerfully about the horrors of the trenches. And trying to save your men.’ Her voice, airy and deep, got deeper. ‘We need to see what that courage cost you.’

My heart beat slower. ‘Read it back?’

She took the pad from the desk and read: ‘I fell ill. Heart and stomach both broke down, and I was sent back to a hospital in Strasbourg. In a quiet Franciscan monastery kind and silent monks looked after me. After many weeks I was discharged – unfit for further service. And that’s it.’ She held out one blunt-bitten hand. ‘That’s all.’

I crossed my arms. ‘I had thirteen months on the Western Front,’ I said. ‘And all of six weeks in the sanatorium. It was a black time. There’s nothing to say about it.’

She rubbed her hands over her face. ‘Let’s leave it for now, then.’ She turned back to the desk.

If I could see her now, even just to fight with me, to swivel her bony back away from me, I would give it all.

‘So.’ Clara’s voice breaks the air. She places two cardboard cups down on the table in front of me, smiling as if to signal a new, better beginning to whatever is going on in this room. ‘Guess what’s so special about this?’

It takes me a moment to register her question. ‘The magic of putting liquid into paper?’ I have loved this kind of discovery since I got here, the sheer, left-field, practical ingeniousness of America.

‘No.’ She shakes her head. ‘These cups are endless.’ She uses the English word. ‘Infinite cups! We can go back and they will refill them, forever.’

I must seem unconvinced, or not quite adequately enthralled.

‘Or maybe not.’ She shrugs and laughs a little, sits down. ‘I’ll have to find out how that works.’

Clara flicks through her steno pad, happier now after her contact with the outside world, her discovery of the bottomless cup. Clara is not even my secretary, but Sidney Kaufman’s, from MGM’s New York office. Sid felt sorry for me after my scripts went nowhere (not enough ‘happy ends’, said Hollywood), so he’s lent her to me.

She finds her place.

But I am frozen. Caricatures I can do. Types in a play – the Widow, the Veteran, the Industrialist – but not someone so huge to me. What if my only talent is for reduction?

‘To understand her,’ I say, ‘you have to understand what she was trying to do. Dora was . . . a verb.’

Clara smiles.

‘It all came out of the war. Our pacifist party, the Independents. And, I am sorry to say, Hitler and this war he is now making.’

I look through the book in my lap to find the passage about my breakdown. It is extraordinary to me now, the deceit of words, how in saying everything one can reveal nothing at all. I will start by doing as Dora said.

‘Ready?’

‘Yep.’ Clara picks up her pencil.

‘Okay. The heading is Sanatorium.’ And then I continue, at dictation pace.

It is practically a boy who stands to sing. Blond down on his cheeks, and some thicker, unruly hairs on his chin. Seeing him in this state of transformation – neither boy nor man – feels an act of intimacy that should not be allowed. Outside of here he would have started to shave. With a movement of his shoulders he pulls his wrists into his cassock, as if they’re too tender to be seen. But he cannot stop his hands from gesturing with the notes, which move out from him to fill the room and soar inside us.

There was a boy his age at Bois-le-Prêtre, sitting in the ditch with tears and snot running down his face. His uniform didn’t fit and he failed to salute me.

‘What is it, Private?’

‘My friend,’ he blubbered. Behind him lay a boy in the grass, also sixteen or seventeen. His eyes were still open. The back of his skull and left ear were blown off. The flies had started to come for the meat.

‘What are you doing here alone?’ I asked the boy. I knew the cruelty of my question: until the shelling twenty minutes ago he was not alone. Now he was trying not to leave his friend. He was trying not to be left.

‘I . . . I . . .’

‘Get back to camp.’

The boy got up and started to move down the unsealed road, between two rows of thin poplars.

‘Private!’

‘Sir?’ He turned around.

‘You forgot to take his boots.’

He gave me a look of hatred so pure I knew he could keep fighting.

Such brutality we had taken inside of us.

In the sanatorium we sit at a long table, the monks in brown robes at the head of it, soldiers down the end. We patients wear remnants of uniforms – the greatcoats are especially prized – or a mishmash of civilian clothes if relatives have managed to send some. The only sound is the leather of the novitiates’ sandals slapping the stone as they bring in the meal. All is calm, apart from the Christ hanging at the end of the room, naked and dying. He looks familiar – like a relative? So far as I can tell, he and I are the only Jews here. A row of high windows lets in light that striates the room, illuminating the air in all its minute, flying particles.

I have not spoken for seven and a half weeks. In the military hospital at Verdun they put electrodes on my tongue to spark it, as though the failure were mechanical. When I cried out they determined there was nothing wrong with my body, so they sent me here, where time, shunted only by slow bells, stretches out to heal.

The silence was a relief.

Lipp nods as he sits down next to me, tucking a napkin into his collar and spreading it out wide over his chest. He is a medical doctor in fancy clothes, but also a socialist – he insists on living in a stone cell just like everyone else here. Lipp is chatty, assiduous in his care of us. Nothing shocks him. During the day, I watch him move among the men as though doing the rounds of a normal hospital, speaking quietly, pulling on his goatee. He addresses me without waiting for an answer, as if to be mute were an entirely appropriate reaction to this world.

In the summer of 1914 everyone had wanted war, me included. We were told there had been French attacks already, that the Russians were massing on our border. The Kaiser called on us all to defend the nation, whatever our politics or religion. He said, ‘I know no parties, only Germans . . .’ And then he said, ‘My dear Jews . . .’ My dear Jews! We were bowled over by our personal invitation to war. War seemed holy and heroic, just as they had taught us at school – something to give our lives meaning and make us pure.

What could we have done, ever, to need such purification as that?

Dr Lipp bows his head and closes his eyes, then crosses himself and addresses his attention to his bowl, where barley and pieces of carrot float in a pale broth. Unusually for a socialist, he is also a fervent Catholic. He is convinced all things are part of a plan, even if we mortals cannot know it.

Some of the veterans have horrendous wounds, mended as best as possible at field hospitals before the men came here to be tended for other, unseen damage. Four are missing legs, or parts of them. Each is entitled to two prosthetic legs from the War Ministry in Berlin, but they have not come. The fellow opposite us has lost both arms, one from the shoulder, the other from the elbow. His prostheses have arrived. They are made of metal and attach around his chest on the side where there is no arm, and to the remnants of the other arm by leather straps with metal buckles, the same as on a school satchel. He must need help to put them on in the mornings. As he sat down, I noticed his fly buttons were left open – is this an oversight, or a necessity? In a world without arms, dignity is hard to maintain. Can he handle his prick with the hook?

His neighbour reaches across for the man’s spoon and without asking starts to feed him. Before, when I passed returned men on the streets of Munich or Berlin, the legless wheeling themselves along on boards, their cloth-bound hands pushing the

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