DID THE MIDDLE CLASS ABANDON THE CLASS STRUGGLE? THE 2024 SOUTH AFRICAN ELECTION
Marx’s revolutionary perspective posits that the future of capitalism will be decided by a struggle between the two great contending classes of modern society: the owners and the workers. Nowhere is this struggle more prevalent than in South Africa, one of the world’s most unequal societies, where the country’s wealth is controlled by a select few.
Historically, elections are seen as an arena to reflect the democratic class struggle. An arena where lower-income voters band together to support parties that propose solutions for bridging the wealth divide, while higher-income voters seek to protect their interests.
With an unemployment rate of 32.9% in the first quarter of 2024, the 2024 South African General Election provided an opportunity for the lower and middle classes to combat a system that has contributed to the massive wealth gap between rich and poor, as well as between black and white.
Subjected to a barrage of messaging by privately sponsored media, a belief and narrative had been socially engineered against left-wing political parties, ANC, EFF and IFP. South Africa’s middle class appears to have abandoned the struggle of the lower classes during the election. Voting patterns indicate that in urban areas, while voters moved away from the ruling political party ANC, the shift was not toward more leftist parties—those seemingly central to addressing the plight of the lower and middle classes—but rather toward capitalist-centered parties. Parties which seek to maintain the status-quo in terms of wealth distribution, with others even calling for the privatisation of state resources.
Additionally, post election media narratives suggest that any political party, coalition, or ideology going against the expressed “acceptable narrative” will have a doomsday-esque effect on South Africa’s existence.
While the 2024 elections have proven to be a game changer in terms of voting out the incumbent ANC, the proverbial class struggle in South Africa’s economy will continue. The right wing Democratic Alliance (DA) has strengthened its position as the biggest opposition in South Africa. The post-election media onslaught, suggesting that any coalition without the DA will spell doomsday for South Africa, has shifted middle-class narratives. Post-election, according to private media any coalition without the DA is perceived as detrimental to South Africa—a victory for the DA but a loss for solidarity in the fight for equality for the lower class .
Currently working on trying to make India's democracy more inclusive for young Indians | Author of The Future is Ours (HarperCollins '23) | MBA Civic Scholar at Chicago Booth | Founder of YIF and NAAIS
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