Yuvaraj Perumal V’s Post

#snsinstitutions #snsdesignthinkers #designthinking #embeddedsystems An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system.[1][2] It is embedded as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical parts. Because an embedded system typically controls physical operations of the machine that it is embedded within, it often has real-time computing constraints. Embedded systems control many devices in common use.[3] In 2009, it was estimated that ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors manufactured were used in embedded systems.[4][needs update] An embedded system on a plug-in card with processor, memory, power supply, and external interfaces Modern embedded systems are often based on microcontrollers (i.e. microprocessors with integrated memory and peripheral interfaces), but ordinary microprocessors (using external chips for memory and peripheral interface circuits) are also common, especially in more complex systems. In either case, the processor(s) used may be types ranging from general purpose to those specialized in a certain class of computations, or even custom designed for the application at hand. A common standard class of dedicated processors is the digital signal processor (DSP).

Hello connections!!!!!! An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system.[1][2] It is embedded as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical parts. Because an embedded system typically controls physical operations of the machine that it is embedded within, it often has real-time computing constraints. Embedded systems control many devices in common use.[3] In 2009, it was estimated that ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors manufactured were used in embedded systems. Modern embedded systems are often based on microcontrollers (i.e. microprocessors with integrated memory and peripheral interfaces), but ordinary microprocessors (using external chips for memory and peripheral interface circuits) are also common, especially in more complex systems. In either case, the processor(s) used may be types ranging from general purpose to those specialized in a certain class of computations, or even custom designed for the application at hand. A common standard class of dedicated processors is the digital signal processor (DSP). #snsinstitutions #snsct #snsdesingthinking

Hey connections!! Embedded system: An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including electrical or electronic hardware and mechanical parts. Because an embedded system typically controls physical operations of the machine that it is embedded within, it often has real-time computing constraints. Embedded systems control many devices in common use. In 2009, it was estimated that ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors manufactured were used in embedded systems. Modern embedded systems are often based on microcontrollers (i.e. microprocessors with integrated memory and peripheral interfaces), but ordinary microprocessors (using external chips for memory and peripheral interface circuits) are also common, especially in more complex systems. In either case, the processor(s) used may be types ranging from general purpose to those specialized in a certain class of computations, or even custom designed for the application at hand. A common standard class of dedicated processors is the digital signal processor (DSP). Since the embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it to reduce the size and cost of the product and increase its reliability and performance. Some embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale. #snsinstitutions #snsdesignthinkers #snsdesignthinking

ATMEGA128A-AU The ATmega128A provides the following features: 128Kbytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read- While-Write capabilities, 4Kbytes EEPROM, 4Kbytes SRAM, 53 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter (RTC), four flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes and PWM, 2 USARTs, one byte oriented Two-wire Serial Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable gain, programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, one SPI serial port, IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Debug system and programming and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except Asynchronous Timer and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode,the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue to run. #electronics #electronic #interesting #knowledge

An embedded system is a specialized computer system designed to perform specific dedicated functions within a larger system. It typically consists of a microcontroller or microprocessor, memory, input/output interfaces, and often operates in real-time. Embedded systems are commonly found in everyday devices like cars, household appliances, medical equipment, and industrial machines, where they perform tasks ranging from simple control functions to complex operations requiring high reliability and efficiency. #snsinstitutions #snsdesignthinkers #designthinkers

Microcontrollers are an essential component of many electronic devices and systems. These small computers, which contain a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals on a single integrated circuit, are designed to execute specific tasks within embedded systems. From consumer electronics to industrial automation, microcontrollers are used in a wide range of applications due to their compact size, low power consumption, and cost-effectiveness. They are programmed using high-level languages or assembly language to perform specific functions tailored to the requirements of the application. #Microcontrollers #EmbeddedSystems #Electronics #IndustrialAutomation

ATMEGA128A-AU The ATmega128A provides the following features: 128Kbytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read- While-Write capabilities, 4Kbytes EEPROM, 4Kbytes SRAM, 53 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter (RTC), four flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes and PWM, 2 USARTs, one byte oriented Two-wire Serial Interface, an 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable gain, programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, one SPI serial port, IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Debug system and programming and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator,disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except Asynchronous Timer and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode,the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue to run. #electronic  #electronics  #electroniccomponents  #interesting  #knowledge

A great visualization, thank you for sharing it 😊! For those interested in learning about embedded transmission protocols, the only things I'd add are: 1. UART transmissions do not need to synchronized between the directions 2. Both SPI and UART can be setup for single direction transmission as well

👀There are large variety of processors and instruction set for these microcontrollers..🤔 1️⃣RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computer 2️⃣CISC- Complex Instruction set Computer 3️⃣ASIC - Application specific integrated circuit 4️⃣DSP - Digital Signal Processing 5️⃣GPU - Graphical Processing Unit and so on.... 🔲Microprocessor is the brain of any system which contains the CPU. It doesn't have any other I/O ports, memory units, user interface etc.🧠 🔳Whereas the microcontroller is the enhanced version of microprocessor, where processor board is circuited with customized I/O ports, memory and other user interfaces!🧍 💾Embedded systems are ones which contain the software component or programs labeled into the processor to do a particular function. The processor and circuited board are the Hardware components.🖥️ In layman terms..!😌 Thus a system where software is embedded into hardware is called the embedded system or a firmware!📜+📱=📟 🤺Will look brief into the types of processers and instruction sets in upcoming posts and the application of embedded system in core robotics..!👌 Take a look at the part 1 : https://lnkd.in/gn6Yn2iT Image Source: ElectronicsForU.com #embeddedsystem #firmware #robotics #roboticsengineering

🔧 Passion for Embedded Systems: My Journey with ATmega328P 🔧 I’ve always been fascinated by the world of embedded systems and the incredible potential they offer for innovation and problem-solving. My journey in this field has been both challenging and rewarding, particularly through my hands-on experience with the ATmega328P microcontroller. What I’ve Learned with ATmega328P: • Bare Metal Programming: Diving into low-level programming with C has given me a profound understanding of hardware interaction. I’ve optimized performance by working directly with microcontroller registers, including: • ADC Registers: ADMUX, ADCSRA, ADCH, ADCL for precise analog measurements. • Timer Registers: TCCR0A, TCCR0B, TCNT0, OCR0A, OCR0B for generating accurate delays and PWM signals. • USART Registers: UBRR0H, UBRR0L, UCSR0A, UCSR0B, UCSR0C for serial communication. • I/O Port Registers: DDRB, PORTB, PINB for configuring and controlling GPIO pins. • Interrupt Registers: EIMSK, EIFR, PCICR for managing external and pin change interrupts. • ADC (Analog-to-Digital Conversion): Implemented precise analog measurements by configuring ADC registers, enabling detailed signal processing and data acquisition. • Timers and Counters: Mastered various timer and counter registers for managing real-time operations, generating PWM signals, and creating accurate time delays. • Communications: Explored communication protocols (I2C, SPI, UART) by configuring their respective registers, facilitating efficient data exchange with sensors and peripherals. Why Embedded Systems? 🤖 Embedded systems are at the core of many applications that shape our daily lives. The unique combination of hardware and software engineering allows us to design efficient, reliable, and innovative solutions. The ability to control and monitor devices at a granular level is both empowering and exciting. I’m eager to continue exploring new technologies and applications in this field, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible with embedded systems. If you share a passion for this domain or have insights to share, I’d love to connect and discuss further! #EmbeddedSystems #ATmega328P #BareMetalProgramming #ADC #Timers #Communications #Engineering #Innovation #TechPassion