Counselling in Bethnal Green, London

Photo of Sabrina Naviner, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Sabrina Naviner
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression or stress, symptoms of PTSD or the impact of childhood trauma; I would like to help you find your own unique way of overcoming these emotional difficulties. My wish is that you come to create the life and relationships that you yearn for, including a positive relationship with yourself. Trained as a person-centred counsellor as well as in EMDR therapy , I have several years experience working for a mental health charity and in private practice.
If you are struggling with anxiety, depression or stress, symptoms of PTSD or the impact of childhood trauma; I would like to help you find your own unique way of overcoming these emotional difficulties. My wish is that you come to create the life and relationships that you yearn for, including a positive relationship with yourself. Trained as a person-centred counsellor as well as in EMDR therapy , I have several years experience working for a mental health charity and in private practice.
020 3984 9578 View 020 3984 9578
Photo of Nick Anthony Wolstenholme, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Nick Anthony Wolstenholme
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
People come to psychotherapy and counselling for many different reasons. Perhaps it is a time of crisis or difficulty when feelings have become overwhelming and difficult to share with people that you might normally. It could be that this is linked to a desire to gain a deeper self-understanding. Simply talking to the right therapist for you can provide relief. I have a wide experience of working with different conditions and situations, in particular depression, anxiety, anger and relationship issues. I work with an emphasis on facilitating your enquiry in a safe and effective way, within a supportive relationship.
People come to psychotherapy and counselling for many different reasons. Perhaps it is a time of crisis or difficulty when feelings have become overwhelming and difficult to share with people that you might normally. It could be that this is linked to a desire to gain a deeper self-understanding. Simply talking to the right therapist for you can provide relief. I have a wide experience of working with different conditions and situations, in particular depression, anxiety, anger and relationship issues. I work with an emphasis on facilitating your enquiry in a safe and effective way, within a supportive relationship.
020 4538 5537 View 020 4538 5537
Photo of Ehsan Abroun, MSc, BACP, Psychotherapist
Ehsan Abroun
Psychotherapist, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2  (Online Only)
تمرکز حرفه ای من بر ارتقاء سلامت روانی فرد و بهبود روابط است و بر ارائه راهکارهای کارآمد در زمینه‌های متنوع برای حل مسائل روانشناختی تأکید دارم. علاقه‌مندی من به ایجاد ارتباط اثربخش با مراجعین و بهبود کیفیت زندگی افراد است
تمرکز حرفه ای من بر ارتقاء سلامت روانی فرد و بهبود روابط است و بر ارائه راهکارهای کارآمد در زمینه‌های متنوع برای حل مسائل روانشناختی تأکید دارم. علاقه‌مندی من به ایجاد ارتباط اثربخش با مراجعین و بهبود کیفیت زندگی افراد است
020 4538 3531 View 020 4538 3531
Photo of Malgosia Fijak-Koch, CPsychol, Psychologist
Malgosia Fijak-Koch
Psychologist, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
I am an integrative practitioner which means that my practice is influenced by more than one approach. In my work I focus on adapting the best-suited approach to your individual needs. This might entail helping you find coping strategies to address specific symptoms or assisting you to increase understanding of yourself and your relationships with others. I am also using DIT model (Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy) which is a 16 sessions time limited therapy aiming to identify and change unhelpful patterns affecting your important relationships and professional achievements.
I am an integrative practitioner which means that my practice is influenced by more than one approach. In my work I focus on adapting the best-suited approach to your individual needs. This might entail helping you find coping strategies to address specific symptoms or assisting you to increase understanding of yourself and your relationships with others. I am also using DIT model (Dynamic Interpersonal Therapy) which is a 16 sessions time limited therapy aiming to identify and change unhelpful patterns affecting your important relationships and professional achievements.
020 3962 2073 x079699 View 020 3962 2073 x079699
Photo of Henrietta Priddie, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Henrietta Priddie
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
I am a UKCP-qualified integrative child, adolescent, parent and adult psychotherapist working across a wide range of areas and interests and have over 20 years of experience working in the mental health sector. I offer a safe space to allow clients the opportunity to explore presenting issues freely and in depth. I believe that compassion, empathy and the alliance between the therapist and client are the keys to therapeutic change. I am also passionate about supporting women in their journey through life and parents struggling with the complexities of raising a child in an ever-changing world.
I am a UKCP-qualified integrative child, adolescent, parent and adult psychotherapist working across a wide range of areas and interests and have over 20 years of experience working in the mental health sector. I offer a safe space to allow clients the opportunity to explore presenting issues freely and in depth. I believe that compassion, empathy and the alliance between the therapist and client are the keys to therapeutic change. I am also passionate about supporting women in their journey through life and parents struggling with the complexities of raising a child in an ever-changing world.
020 3987 1816 View 020 3987 1816
Photo of Oliver Fallon, MBACP, Counsellor
Oliver Fallon
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
Specialist OCD and Eating Disorder Therapy. If you or someone you love suffers from an eating disorder or severe OCD it can be incredibly distressing and serious. Talking to a specialist who understands the complex issues around anorexia and bulimia and OCD is your first step towards recovery. You can be free from your obsessions and compulsions and problems with food, body image and exercise. The first step is simply to talk about what's going on with an empathetic and understanding person. You don't have to be in crisis to have therapy, you just have to want to change things for the better.
Specialist OCD and Eating Disorder Therapy. If you or someone you love suffers from an eating disorder or severe OCD it can be incredibly distressing and serious. Talking to a specialist who understands the complex issues around anorexia and bulimia and OCD is your first step towards recovery. You can be free from your obsessions and compulsions and problems with food, body image and exercise. The first step is simply to talk about what's going on with an empathetic and understanding person. You don't have to be in crisis to have therapy, you just have to want to change things for the better.
020 3816 1637 View 020 3816 1637
Photo of Diana Ivankovic, MBACP, Counsellor
Diana Ivankovic
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethnal Green, London E3
We all have aims and ambitions for ourselves but life events can often leave us barely able to cope, facing anxious or depressive thoughts daily. Are you struggling with certain traits of ADHD and you could use some useful steps to help you manage better? Have you wondered just how you may have learned to cope through your childhood with adverse events that have shaped the way you see yourself in the world? Are you struggling with issues that make it hard to feel like you’re prospering, enjoying life and applying yourself fully in relationships, feeling fulfilled at work and in free time? Counselling and therapy can help.
We all have aims and ambitions for ourselves but life events can often leave us barely able to cope, facing anxious or depressive thoughts daily. Are you struggling with certain traits of ADHD and you could use some useful steps to help you manage better? Have you wondered just how you may have learned to cope through your childhood with adverse events that have shaped the way you see yourself in the world? Are you struggling with issues that make it hard to feel like you’re prospering, enjoying life and applying yourself fully in relationships, feeling fulfilled at work and in free time? Counselling and therapy can help.
020 3984 8194 View 020 3984 8194
Photo of Michelle Mclean, BPC, Psychotherapist
Michelle Mclean
Psychotherapist, BPC
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist working with a wide range of emotional difficulties, mental health challenges and relationship issues. I offer a non-judgmental, confidential, safe and welcoming space for you to talk about any issues that may be troubling you. I am trauma informed and I have experience of working with people from a wide range of backgrounds and cultures. People come to see me for all sorts of reasons including anxiety, depression, trauma, loss and relationship or family difficulties.
I am a psychodynamic psychotherapist working with a wide range of emotional difficulties, mental health challenges and relationship issues. I offer a non-judgmental, confidential, safe and welcoming space for you to talk about any issues that may be troubling you. I am trauma informed and I have experience of working with people from a wide range of backgrounds and cultures. People come to see me for all sorts of reasons including anxiety, depression, trauma, loss and relationship or family difficulties.
020 3984 8263 View 020 3984 8263
Photo of Julia Hawkins, MBACP, Counsellor
Julia Hawkins
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
Sometimes you can feel like you’re surviving rather than living. You find yourself sad, anxious or stuck in old patterns, and it’s impacting your life, relationships or work. Therapy can help you heal and find your joy, purpose and nurturing relationships. I provide a safe space for you where we collaboratively work towards your healing. My therapy is tailored to your unique situation, working in either a short or long-term capacity depending on your needs. Bringing a warmth to the therapeutic relationship, together we can explore what is weighing on you, set goals and work together to find a way through, towards living again.
Sometimes you can feel like you’re surviving rather than living. You find yourself sad, anxious or stuck in old patterns, and it’s impacting your life, relationships or work. Therapy can help you heal and find your joy, purpose and nurturing relationships. I provide a safe space for you where we collaboratively work towards your healing. My therapy is tailored to your unique situation, working in either a short or long-term capacity depending on your needs. Bringing a warmth to the therapeutic relationship, together we can explore what is weighing on you, set goals and work together to find a way through, towards living again.
020 3095 4671 View 020 3095 4671
Photo of Mandi Martin, MBBS, MBACP, Counsellor
Mandi Martin
Counsellor, MBBS, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethnal Green, London E2
Waitlist for new clients
If you are reading this, you have already begun the process of finding a therapist and I understand that this is a courageous step. A step towards change and commitment to yourself. Maybe you are wanting to understand yourself better? Looking for an opportunity to have a deeper knowledge of yourself and your behaviour? You might want more satisfaction in your career or be struggling with a personal or business relationship? Experiencing a loss? Recent diagnosis of life limiting illness? Or seeking a professional relationship with someone that will allow space for talking about your problems/challenges and explore these experiences?
If you are reading this, you have already begun the process of finding a therapist and I understand that this is a courageous step. A step towards change and commitment to yourself. Maybe you are wanting to understand yourself better? Looking for an opportunity to have a deeper knowledge of yourself and your behaviour? You might want more satisfaction in your career or be struggling with a personal or business relationship? Experiencing a loss? Recent diagnosis of life limiting illness? Or seeking a professional relationship with someone that will allow space for talking about your problems/challenges and explore these experiences?
020 3994 7614 View 020 3994 7614
Photo of Georgia Powell, MBACP, Counsellor
Georgia Powell
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I work as an adolescent and adult Counsellor based in East London. As well as my own private practice, I work in schools, universities and in the domestic abuse sector with victim-survivors of domestic abuse. I am a fully registered BACP member and integrate a variety of different therapeutic modalities, including person-centred and humanistic therapy, body therapy, art/play therapy, mindfulness and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to meet each person’s specific needs.
I work as an adolescent and adult Counsellor based in East London. As well as my own private practice, I work in schools, universities and in the domestic abuse sector with victim-survivors of domestic abuse. I am a fully registered BACP member and integrate a variety of different therapeutic modalities, including person-centred and humanistic therapy, body therapy, art/play therapy, mindfulness and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to meet each person’s specific needs.
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Photo of Rachael Watson, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Rachael Watson
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
It can be really hard to be a human - life is full of the unknowns and the things from our pasts that we can’t change. It takes great courage to look at how to live alongside our past and find ways to change our future, and you’ve done a really incredible thing for yourself to get to this place in seeking help. You might be feeling like you’re sitting in a hole, or needing ways to soothe your internal and external systems to create a space that brings you lightness. You might be on the edge of making some decisions and in need of a little support to get you there.
It can be really hard to be a human - life is full of the unknowns and the things from our pasts that we can’t change. It takes great courage to look at how to live alongside our past and find ways to change our future, and you’ve done a really incredible thing for yourself to get to this place in seeking help. You might be feeling like you’re sitting in a hole, or needing ways to soothe your internal and external systems to create a space that brings you lightness. You might be on the edge of making some decisions and in need of a little support to get you there.
020 3835 4409 View 020 3835 4409
Photo of Carlo Ricciardi, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Carlo Ricciardi
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
I provide a welcoming, non-judgemental therapeutic space for you to explore your issues in an open, honest, safe, confidential way. I work with a wide variety of people with different issues. Whatever you are seeking support for, I am happy to discuss how I can help. You may be seeking support with low mood, anxiety, depression, LBGT+ issues or adjusting to a family member's LGBT+ identity. Or you may be seeking to explore your subconscious and what is causing your thoughts and feelings. I have additional specialist expertise is in working with positive HIV diagnosis, helping people adjust and thrive while managing their condition.
I provide a welcoming, non-judgemental therapeutic space for you to explore your issues in an open, honest, safe, confidential way. I work with a wide variety of people with different issues. Whatever you are seeking support for, I am happy to discuss how I can help. You may be seeking support with low mood, anxiety, depression, LBGT+ issues or adjusting to a family member's LGBT+ identity. Or you may be seeking to explore your subconscious and what is causing your thoughts and feelings. I have additional specialist expertise is in working with positive HIV diagnosis, helping people adjust and thrive while managing their condition.
020 8138 8657 View 020 8138 8657
Photo of Dr Madeleine Mason Roantree, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Madeleine Mason Roantree
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2  (Online Only)
Something's not right and you want answers, a strategy; to heal, to overcome, process or grow. Maybe it feels embarrassing and you don’t want to make a big deal out of it, or you feel stuck and unsure of what to do. It's ok. You have come to the right place. I'm a psychologist, in a part-time NHS complex mental health service. I'm also a dating and relationship specialist helping people work through all aspects of romance and intimacy, including friendships and family dynamics. Relationship, dating, psychosexual issues, life crisis, depression, anxiety, panic, stress, overwhelm, trauma, OCD, PTSD, low self esteem, not sure? It's ok.
Something's not right and you want answers, a strategy; to heal, to overcome, process or grow. Maybe it feels embarrassing and you don’t want to make a big deal out of it, or you feel stuck and unsure of what to do. It's ok. You have come to the right place. I'm a psychologist, in a part-time NHS complex mental health service. I'm also a dating and relationship specialist helping people work through all aspects of romance and intimacy, including friendships and family dynamics. Relationship, dating, psychosexual issues, life crisis, depression, anxiety, panic, stress, overwhelm, trauma, OCD, PTSD, low self esteem, not sure? It's ok.
020 4524 5472 View 020 4524 5472
Photo of Glenroy Merchant, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Glenroy Merchant
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
I am a qualified counsellor & psychotherapist, with over 15 years experience, working with a variety of clients from various multicultural backgrounds and professional disciplines. I deal with both family and work relationships issues including loss, conflict, abuse and life transitions.
I am a qualified counsellor & psychotherapist, with over 15 years experience, working with a variety of clients from various multicultural backgrounds and professional disciplines. I deal with both family and work relationships issues including loss, conflict, abuse and life transitions.
020 3962 2217 View 020 3962 2217
Photo of Graham Gerrans, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Graham Gerrans
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
At times life is challenging and you might be feeling anxious, depressed or experiencing a significant life event such as bereavement, end of a relationship or redundancy. You might simply feel dissatisfied and want to understand yourself better. Therapy can be a transformative and rewarding experience. I will help you explore any issues which might be concerning you: current and historic life events, feelings, relationships, ways of thinking and patterns of behaviour. This process will help you to more fully understand yourself, ultimately allowing you to take greater control and live a life that feels more connected and fulfilling
At times life is challenging and you might be feeling anxious, depressed or experiencing a significant life event such as bereavement, end of a relationship or redundancy. You might simply feel dissatisfied and want to understand yourself better. Therapy can be a transformative and rewarding experience. I will help you explore any issues which might be concerning you: current and historic life events, feelings, relationships, ways of thinking and patterns of behaviour. This process will help you to more fully understand yourself, ultimately allowing you to take greater control and live a life that feels more connected and fulfilling
020 3835 2398 View 020 3835 2398
Photo of Andrew Blackwood, MSc, BPC, Counsellor
Andrew Blackwood
Counsellor, MSc, BPC
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
Giving voice to our feelings can be a way of finding alternative responses to our painful feelings. I have some space for in-person sessions and offer the convenience and flexibility of online therapy.
Giving voice to our feelings can be a way of finding alternative responses to our painful feelings. I have some space for in-person sessions and offer the convenience and flexibility of online therapy.
020 3984 7628 View 020 3984 7628
Photo of Max Noak - Max Noak: Analytical Psychology and Psychotherapy , MA, BPC, Psychotherapist
Max Noak: Analytical Psychology and Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
Some people seek psychotherapy and counselling because of a quiet desire for something more, some because of an absence of joy and liveliness, some feel a lingering sadness, some find themselves in shallow relationships, some are suffering the pains of depression, anxiety or anger, some feel close to madness, some are curious to take a closer look at the riches within.
Some people seek psychotherapy and counselling because of a quiet desire for something more, some because of an absence of joy and liveliness, some feel a lingering sadness, some find themselves in shallow relationships, some are suffering the pains of depression, anxiety or anger, some feel close to madness, some are curious to take a closer look at the riches within.
020 4538 9344 View 020 4538 9344
Photo of David Gill, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist
David Gill
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
People enter therapy for many reasons. Sometimes it's very specific but many times it’s hazy and unclear what we actually want. We can just get stuck in the reeds of daily life. Is therapy the answer? I think so. My guarantee is a commitment to get down and do the work with you in your search for a better life. I'm not a traditional counsellor. I like to be honest with my observations but primarily I am here to listen and help you find your own path.
People enter therapy for many reasons. Sometimes it's very specific but many times it’s hazy and unclear what we actually want. We can just get stuck in the reeds of daily life. Is therapy the answer? I think so. My guarantee is a commitment to get down and do the work with you in your search for a better life. I'm not a traditional counsellor. I like to be honest with my observations but primarily I am here to listen and help you find your own path.
020 3974 1654 View 020 3974 1654
Neil Farrelly
Psychotherapist, MA, BPC
Verified Verified
Bethnal Green, London E2
At various points in our lives we can experience distressing events or feelings which seem overwhelming. They can result from particular circumstance such as difficulties in our work lives, relationships, bereavement, illness or dealing with painful memories from our childhood. Sometimes we are unsure as to what is making us feel the way we do. All we know is that life may have become directionless, distressing, or even intolerable. It might be at these times psychotherapy might be helpful.
At various points in our lives we can experience distressing events or feelings which seem overwhelming. They can result from particular circumstance such as difficulties in our work lives, relationships, bereavement, illness or dealing with painful memories from our childhood. Sometimes we are unsure as to what is making us feel the way we do. All we know is that life may have become directionless, distressing, or even intolerable. It might be at these times psychotherapy might be helpful.
020 4538 8490 View 020 4538 8490

See more therapy options for Bethnal Green, London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Bethnal Green, London

100+

Average cost per session

£75

Counsellors in Bethnal Green, London who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Relationship Issues
87% Depression
86% Self Esteem
82% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aviva
69% AXA PPP
59% Vitality

How Counsellors in Bethnal Green, London see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

63% Female
35% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Bethnal Green, London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.