Therapists in Dallas, TX

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Photo of Malarie Kennedy, MEd, LPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Malarie Kennedy
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75208  (Online Only)
My graduate coursework, coupled with my responsibilities as a school counselor, has provided me with experience in both individual and group counseling to facilitate personal, social-emotional, and behavioral development for adolescents and young adults. My experience has focused on stress, anxiety, depression, behavior concerns, crisis management, self-esteem, conflict resolution, substance abuse prevention and intervention, and racial literacy. I have also received training for frameworks to better understand the impacts of trauma, as well as practices to foster a trauma-informed and resilience-focused mindset.
My graduate coursework, coupled with my responsibilities as a school counselor, has provided me with experience in both individual and group counseling to facilitate personal, social-emotional, and behavioral development for adolescents and young adults. My experience has focused on stress, anxiety, depression, behavior concerns, crisis management, self-esteem, conflict resolution, substance abuse prevention and intervention, and racial literacy. I have also received training for frameworks to better understand the impacts of trauma, as well as practices to foster a trauma-informed and resilience-focused mindset.
(214) 609-1169 x811 View (214) 609-1169 x811
Photo of Alissa Sladek, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alissa Sladek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Alissa. Have you ever felt trapped in your own brain? Feel like your emotions are running away with your life? I help individuals to learn how to control their thoughts and emotions so they are able to enrich their lives with relationships, stress, and emotional balance.
Hi, I am Alissa. Have you ever felt trapped in your own brain? Feel like your emotions are running away with your life? I help individuals to learn how to control their thoughts and emotions so they are able to enrich their lives with relationships, stress, and emotional balance.
(214) 730-5612 View (214) 730-5612
Photo of Rachel Cooper, MS, LPC-A
Rachel Cooper
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , MS, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75243
Noticing life seems overwhelming to navigate? Work, family, and other relationships pull you in so many directions it can seem unbearable at times. It can prove difficult to properly communicate how you feel while maintaining relationships with important people in your life. Worrying you could ruin relationships with others takes precedence. After getting emotionally overwrought, exhaustion kicks in and you don’t want to do anything.
Noticing life seems overwhelming to navigate? Work, family, and other relationships pull you in so many directions it can seem unbearable at times. It can prove difficult to properly communicate how you feel while maintaining relationships with important people in your life. Worrying you could ruin relationships with others takes precedence. After getting emotionally overwrought, exhaustion kicks in and you don’t want to do anything.
(214) 382-0720 View (214) 382-0720
Photo of Ashley Nichole Jackson, MS, LMFT, LPCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ashley Nichole Jackson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75222  (Online Only)
As the founder of A Little Bit of Therapy and A Whole Lot of Jesus P.C I have set my life’s mission to help those who are hurting and contrite in spirit and cannot find their way out. I have always desired to be for people what I needed when I was at my lowest point. It was my faith that anchored me and brought me to the other side. Throughout my career I have seen time and time again non-profit agencies, criminal justice systems and community mental health agencies address the mind without addressing the spirit which would create a series of revolving doors. My hope is to create the “one door” that will address the whole person.
As the founder of A Little Bit of Therapy and A Whole Lot of Jesus P.C I have set my life’s mission to help those who are hurting and contrite in spirit and cannot find their way out. I have always desired to be for people what I needed when I was at my lowest point. It was my faith that anchored me and brought me to the other side. Throughout my career I have seen time and time again non-profit agencies, criminal justice systems and community mental health agencies address the mind without addressing the spirit which would create a series of revolving doors. My hope is to create the “one door” that will address the whole person.
(469) 778-4140 View (469) 778-4140
Photo of Maribel Rodriguez Laguna, MA, LPCS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Maribel Rodriguez Laguna
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75254
I think that everyone deserves to feel better. Unfortunately life happens and throws us a curve ball. This can leave us feeling out of sorts. We try to put our life "back together" as best we can seeking help from family or friends. Sometimes this is not enough. This is where I come in, helping you find a way to make a run even if life pitches you one curve ball after another. At times it will be difficult and you may feel like you struck out but with practice, guidance, and uncovering inner strength you can make a run maybe even a homerun.
I think that everyone deserves to feel better. Unfortunately life happens and throws us a curve ball. This can leave us feeling out of sorts. We try to put our life "back together" as best we can seeking help from family or friends. Sometimes this is not enough. This is where I come in, helping you find a way to make a run even if life pitches you one curve ball after another. At times it will be difficult and you may feel like you struck out but with practice, guidance, and uncovering inner strength you can make a run maybe even a homerun.
(972) 776-2947 View (972) 776-2947
Photo of Megan DuBose - Neurodivergent Women - Emdr - Career, MS, LPC-A, NCC
Megan DuBose - Neurodivergent Women - Emdr - Career
LPC-Associate, MS, LPC-A, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75243
I work with neurodivergent women who want support as they navigate life's difficulties. Whether you have been formally diagnosed or suspect you are autistic or an ADHD-er, I can help you identify your unique strengths and break negative, painful patterns in your life. Many of my clients share that they have trauma they need to process. Some want to make major changes in their career, and do not know where to begin. If you feel misunderstood, broken, and exhausted from trying to navigate life without the playbook it seems everyone else got, and are ready to make sense of things, consider this profile your sign to start therapy.
I work with neurodivergent women who want support as they navigate life's difficulties. Whether you have been formally diagnosed or suspect you are autistic or an ADHD-er, I can help you identify your unique strengths and break negative, painful patterns in your life. Many of my clients share that they have trauma they need to process. Some want to make major changes in their career, and do not know where to begin. If you feel misunderstood, broken, and exhausted from trying to navigate life without the playbook it seems everyone else got, and are ready to make sense of things, consider this profile your sign to start therapy.
(214) 730-5894 View (214) 730-5894
Photo of Karen Lewis, Pre-Licensed Professional
Karen Lewis
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75240  (Online Only)
My ideal clients are experiencing issues in their relationships, whether they be romantic, familial, or platonic. I have an affinity for treating members of the LGBTQ+ population, especially those that are BIPOC. My focus is on those wanting more fulfilling relationships, experiencing intimate partner violence or religious trauma.
My ideal clients are experiencing issues in their relationships, whether they be romantic, familial, or platonic. I have an affinity for treating members of the LGBTQ+ population, especially those that are BIPOC. My focus is on those wanting more fulfilling relationships, experiencing intimate partner violence or religious trauma.
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Photo of Gail York, LMHC, MA, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gail York
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75206
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor bringing more than fifteen years experience in counseling individuals of various ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds, including children, adolescents and adults. I am an empathic, organized professional with a strong work ethic and a positive attitude. I am compassionate and solution oriented using several treatment modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectal Behavior Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy to help people suffering from anxiety, depression, addiction and many other mental health issues.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor bringing more than fifteen years experience in counseling individuals of various ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds, including children, adolescents and adults. I am an empathic, organized professional with a strong work ethic and a positive attitude. I am compassionate and solution oriented using several treatment modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectal Behavior Therapy, and Solution-Focused Therapy to help people suffering from anxiety, depression, addiction and many other mental health issues.
(321) 326-9154 View (321) 326-9154
Photo of Thomas Johnson, Psy D, Psychologist
Thomas Johnson
Psychologist, Psy D
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75202  (Online Only)
Are you an adolescent or adult struggling with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, grief, addiction or relationship issues? Meet Dr. Johnson, an expert in Clinical Psychology with substantial experience in diverse settings. His therapeutic approach centers on the individual, couples, family and group psychotherapy, tailoring his treatment to patients aged 13 and up. He aims to provide an understanding and supportive environment where his patients can navigate and overcome their struggles.
Are you an adolescent or adult struggling with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, grief, addiction or relationship issues? Meet Dr. Johnson, an expert in Clinical Psychology with substantial experience in diverse settings. His therapeutic approach centers on the individual, couples, family and group psychotherapy, tailoring his treatment to patients aged 13 and up. He aims to provide an understanding and supportive environment where his patients can navigate and overcome their struggles.
(469) 895-7544 View (469) 895-7544
Photo of Gail Atwater, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gail Atwater
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75204
Have you gotten stuck or lost and realized you haven't worked through childhood trauma or loss? I can help. Sometimes our lives are shaped around early trauma or loss the way a tree will grow around a rock or a pole. Our beliefs about ourselves, our behaviors, our relationship patterns, our emotional habits- are all shaped around and layered of top of those early experiences.
Have you gotten stuck or lost and realized you haven't worked through childhood trauma or loss? I can help. Sometimes our lives are shaped around early trauma or loss the way a tree will grow around a rock or a pole. Our beliefs about ourselves, our behaviors, our relationship patterns, our emotional habits- are all shaped around and layered of top of those early experiences.
(214) 273-5410 View (214) 273-5410
Photo of Jamie Campos, MA, LPC-A
Jamie Campos
LPC-Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75206
Hey what's up! My name is jamie (they/them), and I'm a counselor seeing folks in Texas. I am a transgender clinician who is interested in those who have queer and trans identities, climate change concerns, and those who have felt marginalized by the mental health industry. Have you ever been made to feel like you needed to fixed? Is it you that needs to be fixed or do we need to change the material and social circumstances that currently prevent us from healing? I want to hear your story and how you might imagine a better, more restorative world..
Hey what's up! My name is jamie (they/them), and I'm a counselor seeing folks in Texas. I am a transgender clinician who is interested in those who have queer and trans identities, climate change concerns, and those who have felt marginalized by the mental health industry. Have you ever been made to feel like you needed to fixed? Is it you that needs to be fixed or do we need to change the material and social circumstances that currently prevent us from healing? I want to hear your story and how you might imagine a better, more restorative world..
(903) 226-8612 View (903) 226-8612
Photo of Jayme Funderburk, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jayme Funderburk
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75254  (Online Only)
Have you felt stressed, overwhelmed, or wondering how to resolve issues? I focus on helping clients find calm when life gets difficult and am dedicated to helping you reach your goals. My approach is specialized for helping adults facing anxiety, depression, life adjustments, relationships issues, and other concerns.
Have you felt stressed, overwhelmed, or wondering how to resolve issues? I focus on helping clients find calm when life gets difficult and am dedicated to helping you reach your goals. My approach is specialized for helping adults facing anxiety, depression, life adjustments, relationships issues, and other concerns.
(469) 378-9425 View (469) 378-9425
Photo of Karen Abonza, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karen Abonza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75217  (Online Only)
Book with me now by clicking on my website. Karen Abonza helps you identify what you’d like to change and create a plan to work toward it. She offers a safe place where you can be yourself and not feel judged. She is passionate about using cognitive behavioral therapy to help you navigate depression, anxiety, and more. She looks forward to working together.
Book with me now by clicking on my website. Karen Abonza helps you identify what you’d like to change and create a plan to work toward it. She offers a safe place where you can be yourself and not feel judged. She is passionate about using cognitive behavioral therapy to help you navigate depression, anxiety, and more. She looks forward to working together.
(469) 523-4659 View (469) 523-4659
Photo of Jessica Hudson, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessica Hudson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
Perhaps you have been thinking about making a change for a while and you finally feel ready, or maybe you are tired of feeling sad, overwhelmed, worried, or stuck. Traumatic memories may be replaying on a loop, or a tough life decision looming. The reasons are endless and highly individualized, which is why you need a therapist who will meet you where you’re at with a warm, compassionate, and nonjudgmental approach. Welcome to Hudson Counseling. We aim to create a safe space for you to work through your thoughts & feelings, seek answers, process traumatic memories, and learn new skills to help manage uncomfortable emotions.
Perhaps you have been thinking about making a change for a while and you finally feel ready, or maybe you are tired of feeling sad, overwhelmed, worried, or stuck. Traumatic memories may be replaying on a loop, or a tough life decision looming. The reasons are endless and highly individualized, which is why you need a therapist who will meet you where you’re at with a warm, compassionate, and nonjudgmental approach. Welcome to Hudson Counseling. We aim to create a safe space for you to work through your thoughts & feelings, seek answers, process traumatic memories, and learn new skills to help manage uncomfortable emotions.
(469) 351-6542 View (469) 351-6542
Photo of Laura McLaughlin - HeadFirst Counseling, LPC-S, RPT-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
HeadFirst Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, RPT-S
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75219
​HeadFirst Counseling is a private counseling center offering therapy services for children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and parents in Dallas, TX. HeadFirst Counseling was founded as an alternative to stuffy, formal therapy offices where the focus is placed on the problem. At HeadFirst, the focus is on each client's strengths and innate abilities to find creative solutions to his or her current concerns. We provide a holistic approach to therapy looking at the whole person to enable children, teens, adults, and families to develop insight, empathy, and problem solving skills.
​HeadFirst Counseling is a private counseling center offering therapy services for children, adolescents, teens, young adults, and parents in Dallas, TX. HeadFirst Counseling was founded as an alternative to stuffy, formal therapy offices where the focus is placed on the problem. At HeadFirst, the focus is on each client's strengths and innate abilities to find creative solutions to his or her current concerns. We provide a holistic approach to therapy looking at the whole person to enable children, teens, adults, and families to develop insight, empathy, and problem solving skills.
(469) 571-3470 View (469) 571-3470
Photo of Kira M Hartgrove, LPC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kira M Hartgrove
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT
Verified Verified
Dallas, TX 75231
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist who has been working with children and families for over 20 years. My passion is helping children express themselves through play. Children (12 and under) typically do not have the cognitive skills to verbally express themselves. Play therapy gives them the tools to understand and process their world.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist who has been working with children and families for over 20 years. My passion is helping children express themselves through play. Children (12 and under) typically do not have the cognitive skills to verbally express themselves. Play therapy gives them the tools to understand and process their world.
(469) 960-3727 View (469) 960-3727
Photo of Douglas Barnes, MA, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Douglas Barnes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75252
I have 28 years experience with Sexual Addiction, Marriage Counseling, EMDR, PTSD, Betrayal Trauma Recovery as well as Depression, Anxiety and Anger. I have worked with addicts struggling with pornography, affairs, lust and all other integrity issues for the last 28 years as well as on my own recovery journey. I know recovery from a personal perspective. I help clients understand their own wounds, shame cycles and patterns of unhealthy behaviors, while offering encouragement, hope, and practical solutions. I also help partners who have been betrayed by sexually compulsive behaviors through full disclosure and reconciliation.
I have 28 years experience with Sexual Addiction, Marriage Counseling, EMDR, PTSD, Betrayal Trauma Recovery as well as Depression, Anxiety and Anger. I have worked with addicts struggling with pornography, affairs, lust and all other integrity issues for the last 28 years as well as on my own recovery journey. I know recovery from a personal perspective. I help clients understand their own wounds, shame cycles and patterns of unhealthy behaviors, while offering encouragement, hope, and practical solutions. I also help partners who have been betrayed by sexually compulsive behaviors through full disclosure and reconciliation.
(214) 717-6582 View (214) 717-6582
Photo of Araceli Valenciana, MA
Araceli Valenciana
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231
I have a passion for helping clients work to face and overcome trauma. I specialize in working with adults with a variety of issues such as complex trauma, PTSD, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, and substance use issues. I work to gain understanding from the client’s perspective by using a person-centered approach and allows room for growth through collaboratively focusing on creating an integrative therapeutic plan that fits.
I have a passion for helping clients work to face and overcome trauma. I specialize in working with adults with a variety of issues such as complex trauma, PTSD, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, and substance use issues. I work to gain understanding from the client’s perspective by using a person-centered approach and allows room for growth through collaboratively focusing on creating an integrative therapeutic plan that fits.
(469) 632-1620 View (469) 632-1620
Photo of Vic A Doster - BPOQe, Doster & Hoffman Therapy and Consultation, LCSW, LCDC, LMSW, LCSW-S, LPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
BPOQe, Doster & Hoffman Therapy and Consultation
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCDC, LMSW, LCSW-S, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75238  (Online Only)
High regards to you as you consider starting the journey of working towards becoming your best self. We are a team of pro-Black, spiritually aware, LGBTQ+ competent and affirming, down to earth therapists. We engage our clients in a holistic and person-centered approach, and value collaboration in the therapy space. Come as you are and we will meet you where you are at. Prioritizing your mental health, or even figuring out what that means can be super daunting. Our goal is to assist you in that process, in whatever way we can within our scope of practice.
High regards to you as you consider starting the journey of working towards becoming your best self. We are a team of pro-Black, spiritually aware, LGBTQ+ competent and affirming, down to earth therapists. We engage our clients in a holistic and person-centered approach, and value collaboration in the therapy space. Come as you are and we will meet you where you are at. Prioritizing your mental health, or even figuring out what that means can be super daunting. Our goal is to assist you in that process, in whatever way we can within our scope of practice.
(469) 306-1531 View (469) 306-1531
Photo of Margaret Vadiee, PhD, Psychologist
Margaret Vadiee
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75231  (Online Only)
Dr. Margaret Vadiee is a licensed psychologist at Behavioral Health Dallas and an Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor at Southern Methodist University. She provides individual and family therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Dr. Vadiee is one of few providers in Dallas who specialize in Infant Mental Health. Throughout her career, she has achieved advanced training and practice in maternal-child attachment intervention, Child-Parent Psychotherapy and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy. Dr. Vadiee also holds a certificate in the specialty of Maternal Mental Health from Postpartum Support International.
Dr. Margaret Vadiee is a licensed psychologist at Behavioral Health Dallas and an Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor at Southern Methodist University. She provides individual and family therapy for children, adolescents, and adults. Dr. Vadiee is one of few providers in Dallas who specialize in Infant Mental Health. Throughout her career, she has achieved advanced training and practice in maternal-child attachment intervention, Child-Parent Psychotherapy and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy. Dr. Vadiee also holds a certificate in the specialty of Maternal Mental Health from Postpartum Support International.
(469) 813-5894 x107 View (469) 813-5894 x107
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Dallas, TX

3,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Dallas, TX who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
73% Self Esteem
68% Relationship Issues
68% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
65% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Aetna
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
74% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Dallas, TX see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Dallas?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.