Therapists in Pretoria

Photo of Matshediso Julia Nkgoeng, BSocSci Hons, Social Worker
Matshediso Julia Nkgoeng
Social Worker, BSocSci Hons
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
social functioning, emotional and mental wellbeing of the client. , Addressing economic inequality and promoting financial building. Goals :Positive coping strategies.- Provide emotional support for identified psychosocial stressors - Assist client to identify personal strengths and attributes that may help her make positive changes - Identify resources that the client may rely on for support.
social functioning, emotional and mental wellbeing of the client. , Addressing economic inequality and promoting financial building. Goals :Positive coping strategies.- Provide emotional support for identified psychosocial stressors - Assist client to identify personal strengths and attributes that may help her make positive changes - Identify resources that the client may rely on for support.
087 250 2837 x39 View 087 250 2837 x39
Photo of Senyatsi Tema, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Senyatsi Tema
Psychologist, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0184
Over the years I have trained to become a Clinical Psychologist, I was intrigued by the studies in the field of Psychology on how they conceptualize psychological and psychiatric problems. Through the experience in the field I have realized no single theory can be expected to explain the complexity of an individual’s unique mind. I am working with individuals, adults, couples and families to allow reconnection to hope and humour.
Over the years I have trained to become a Clinical Psychologist, I was intrigued by the studies in the field of Psychology on how they conceptualize psychological and psychiatric problems. Through the experience in the field I have realized no single theory can be expected to explain the complexity of an individual’s unique mind. I am working with individuals, adults, couples and families to allow reconnection to hope and humour.
087 250 0914 x60 View 087 250 0914 x60
Photo of Matshepo Matoane - Matoane Psychological Services, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Matoane Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0184
Matoane Psychological Services focusses on strengthening individual, couple, family and group psychological wellness through a holistic and integrated approach. At Matoane Psychological Services we believe that every individual has the capability to attain their highest level of psychological well-being, given a conducive environment. Through the skilful expert knowledge and experience of our psychotherapists, we facilitate a process of enabling every individual to successfully navigate life’s “bends in the road”.
Matoane Psychological Services focusses on strengthening individual, couple, family and group psychological wellness through a holistic and integrated approach. At Matoane Psychological Services we believe that every individual has the capability to attain their highest level of psychological well-being, given a conducive environment. Through the skilful expert knowledge and experience of our psychotherapists, we facilitate a process of enabling every individual to successfully navigate life’s “bends in the road”.
087 250 0592 x33 View 087 250 0592 x33
Photo of Kamogelo Kwapa, Registered Counsellor
Kamogelo Kwapa
Registered Counsellor
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0084
You feel unfulfilled and empty? That there is more to life but don't know where to start or what is holding you back? Well, you have taken the first step and you should be proud of yourself because I am. Imagine screaming your lungs out and not feeling heard, crying yourself to sleep every night, feeling misunderstood and not being able to articulate how you are feeling. I know that feeling and I am here to help you. The journey to healing is honestly not an easy one but is also not impossible. Self-discovery is a never-ending journey and can be overwhelming, but once you face your truth, it liberates and empowers you.
You feel unfulfilled and empty? That there is more to life but don't know where to start or what is holding you back? Well, you have taken the first step and you should be proud of yourself because I am. Imagine screaming your lungs out and not feeling heard, crying yourself to sleep every night, feeling misunderstood and not being able to articulate how you are feeling. I know that feeling and I am here to help you. The journey to healing is honestly not an easy one but is also not impossible. Self-discovery is a never-ending journey and can be overwhelming, but once you face your truth, it liberates and empowers you.
087 250 3069 x71 View 087 250 3069 x71
Photo of Mamonyane Welheminah Ntshabele - Recover Wellness Solution, SACSSP, Social Worker
Recover Wellness Solution
Social Worker, SACSSP
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
I believe in creating a safe, non-judgemental space where clients can openly express their thoughts. i see adolescents, adults elders and couples with any issues, working from a solution focused perspective. In our conversations you initially talk about your reason for being here. However, after that we mainly focus on change i.e. your future wishes and best hopes for yourself and then we work out how to get there. This creates much hope, direction, optimisms and emotions. My passion is to rebuild family relations and strengthening the family systems, through individual, couples and family counselling services
I believe in creating a safe, non-judgemental space where clients can openly express their thoughts. i see adolescents, adults elders and couples with any issues, working from a solution focused perspective. In our conversations you initially talk about your reason for being here. However, after that we mainly focus on change i.e. your future wishes and best hopes for yourself and then we work out how to get there. This creates much hope, direction, optimisms and emotions. My passion is to rebuild family relations and strengthening the family systems, through individual, couples and family counselling services
087 250 0536 x48 View 087 250 0536 x48
Tiny Maluleke
Social Worker, BSocSci Hons, SACSSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Pretoria 0002
Your mental health is everything, so..... prioritise it , you need to take care of your mental health in order to be productive in each an every role you play whether in your family , school or workplace and community as whole. It takes a well mental health to function effectively. Take care of your mental health and For those around you ,by resolving difference amongst yourselves and further by seeking professional help . Seeking professional help doesn't show your weakness.
Your mental health is everything, so..... prioritise it , you need to take care of your mental health in order to be productive in each an every role you play whether in your family , school or workplace and community as whole. It takes a well mental health to function effectively. Take care of your mental health and For those around you ,by resolving difference amongst yourselves and further by seeking professional help . Seeking professional help doesn't show your weakness.
087 250 0062 x17 View 087 250 0062 x17
Photo of Mpho Njane Lily Mbewe, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Mpho Njane Lily Mbewe
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
Academic Qualifications and Registration Completed her MA (Counselling Psychology) at Rhodes University in 2014 and is registered as a Counselling Psychologist with the HPCSA (PS 0123757). Has post qualification training in impact therapy, NBI and and BWRT (Brain Working Recursive Therapy- Level 1) Work Experience Has worked with a wide student population in various Higher Learning Institutions. She is an educator at a private Higher Learning Institution (SACAP) and engages with a diverse student population within this environment. She joined Pretoria Psychologists in 2018.
Academic Qualifications and Registration Completed her MA (Counselling Psychology) at Rhodes University in 2014 and is registered as a Counselling Psychologist with the HPCSA (PS 0123757). Has post qualification training in impact therapy, NBI and and BWRT (Brain Working Recursive Therapy- Level 1) Work Experience Has worked with a wide student population in various Higher Learning Institutions. She is an educator at a private Higher Learning Institution (SACAP) and engages with a diverse student population within this environment. She joined Pretoria Psychologists in 2018.
087 250 2910 x26 View 087 250 2910 x26
Photo of Maphoko Matilda Moshupi - Tamaria Counselling, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor, Registered Counsellor
Tamaria Counselling
Registered Counsellor, BSocSci Hons, HPCSA - Counsellor
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
Do you feel stuck in life or overwhelmed by everyday life demands? Talking to a health professional that cares about your well-being can be helpful. We help individuals and organizations by providing counselling, trauma debriefing, pre-marital & marital counselling, educational training programs, and psychotherapy to assist in the adaptation to different environments, promote cohesiveness in groups, as well as coping with everyday stressors.
Do you feel stuck in life or overwhelmed by everyday life demands? Talking to a health professional that cares about your well-being can be helpful. We help individuals and organizations by providing counselling, trauma debriefing, pre-marital & marital counselling, educational training programs, and psychotherapy to assist in the adaptation to different environments, promote cohesiveness in groups, as well as coping with everyday stressors.
087 250 2748 x27 View 087 250 2748 x27
Photo of Kgomotso Motsepe, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Kgomotso Motsepe
Psychologist, MSocSci, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
My approach to therapy is rooted in empathy ,compassion, recognising, and appreciating the complexities of the human functioning. Access to psychotherapy is an investment not only for ourselves but for our loved ones. I am HPCSA registered and licensed Clinical Psychologist with the ability to build rapport to facilitate client insight and growth. I am a multilingual and skilled to work within a multicultural context, with individuals, groups, couples and families.
My approach to therapy is rooted in empathy ,compassion, recognising, and appreciating the complexities of the human functioning. Access to psychotherapy is an investment not only for ourselves but for our loved ones. I am HPCSA registered and licensed Clinical Psychologist with the ability to build rapport to facilitate client insight and growth. I am a multilingual and skilled to work within a multicultural context, with individuals, groups, couples and families.
087 250 0782 x95 View 087 250 0782 x95
Photo of Arlene Mary-Magdalene Jumat - AMMPCounselling, BSocSci Hons, General Counsellor
AMMPCounselling
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0184
Working with trauma presents as a space that can be messy and produce multiple forms of obstacles, but it is through working with some history that may be hurtful and confusing that growth takes place not only for the client but for me as a counsellor. Identifying that the need is to firstly speak and be heard, held in the moment, guided in understanding their current physical and psychological reactions due to their traumas. Goals align around either a physical need or psychological motivation to have better/healthier coping mechanisms. As said in their needs, being heard and held in a space allows for a sense of freedom to let go.
Working with trauma presents as a space that can be messy and produce multiple forms of obstacles, but it is through working with some history that may be hurtful and confusing that growth takes place not only for the client but for me as a counsellor. Identifying that the need is to firstly speak and be heard, held in the moment, guided in understanding their current physical and psychological reactions due to their traumas. Goals align around either a physical need or psychological motivation to have better/healthier coping mechanisms. As said in their needs, being heard and held in a space allows for a sense of freedom to let go.
087 250 0914 x11 View 087 250 0914 x11
Photo of Tshepo Precious Nkosi, SACSSP, Social Worker
Tshepo Precious Nkosi
Social Worker, SACSSP
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
We are living in a world where life challenges can overshadow our mental health , that is where our services comes in. We enables people to cope with the stressors of life. We are committed to fostering resilience. Our mission is to facilitate self-discovery, equipping individuals with the tools to navigate life's challenges. Together, we will regenerate, reclaiming control and embracing a journey of growth and empowerment. As we foster self- awareness , nurturing resilience, we believe this will ignite the power within individuals to take control of their daily challenges. We look forward to embarking on this journey together,
We are living in a world where life challenges can overshadow our mental health , that is where our services comes in. We enables people to cope with the stressors of life. We are committed to fostering resilience. Our mission is to facilitate self-discovery, equipping individuals with the tools to navigate life's challenges. Together, we will regenerate, reclaiming control and embracing a journey of growth and empowerment. As we foster self- awareness , nurturing resilience, we believe this will ignite the power within individuals to take control of their daily challenges. We look forward to embarking on this journey together,
087 250 2042 x86 View 087 250 2042 x86
Photo of Kgomotso Grace Sekhute, MSc, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Kgomotso Grace Sekhute
Psychologist, MSc, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist, Executive and Team Coach, who is passionate about facilitating inclusive and equitable health care for marginalised groups. I am able to create safe spaces for individuals and groups, to navigate emotional and behavioural challenges associated with transitions (e.g. coping with chronic health conditions). Our newly established social enterprise, BionicsForAfrika Healthcare (B4AHC), specialises in the provision of comprehensive Family Psycho-Social Care and Assistive Devices (prostheses and bionic limbs), to contribute towards the improvement of quality of life, of Differently Able children.
I am an experienced Clinical Psychologist, Executive and Team Coach, who is passionate about facilitating inclusive and equitable health care for marginalised groups. I am able to create safe spaces for individuals and groups, to navigate emotional and behavioural challenges associated with transitions (e.g. coping with chronic health conditions). Our newly established social enterprise, BionicsForAfrika Healthcare (B4AHC), specialises in the provision of comprehensive Family Psycho-Social Care and Assistive Devices (prostheses and bionic limbs), to contribute towards the improvement of quality of life, of Differently Able children.
087 250 2962 x28 View 087 250 2962 x28
Photo of Julia S, BSocSci Hons, General Counsellor
Julia S
General Counsellor, BSocSci Hons
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pretoria 0184
I assist adults, between the ages of 18 and 65 years, who have experienced, or are currently facing, the following challenges: Trauma, symptoms of PTSD & CPTSD, Narcissistic & other forms of abuse, Domestic & Intimate Partner violence, Self-criticism & Self-doubt, Dysfunctional interpersonal relationships (familial, romantic partners, friendships, colleagues, etc.), Symptoms of Anxiety, Stress & Burnout, Self-worth & Self-esteem issues, as well as other day-to-day challenges.
I assist adults, between the ages of 18 and 65 years, who have experienced, or are currently facing, the following challenges: Trauma, symptoms of PTSD & CPTSD, Narcissistic & other forms of abuse, Domestic & Intimate Partner violence, Self-criticism & Self-doubt, Dysfunctional interpersonal relationships (familial, romantic partners, friendships, colleagues, etc.), Symptoms of Anxiety, Stress & Burnout, Self-worth & Self-esteem issues, as well as other day-to-day challenges.
087 250 3069 x55 View 087 250 3069 x55
Photo of Kongkong Sarah Matlala, MA, SACSSP, Social Worker
Kongkong Sarah Matlala
Social Worker, MA, SACSSP
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
Helping clients express their feelings, emotions is my main focus. That will be done in a non-judgmental manner, respective, and in a friendly manner. With more than 5years experience in social work, clients will recieve my warmth, loving and wholeheartedly gracious services they may need as I have provided my past clients. The other focus will be on spiritual level which might ignored and has a lot of impact on our psycho-social challenges that we face. Our sessions will be focusing on client's holistically which will reveal the cause and solution thereof. Our clients will receive follow-up sessions even after our interaction.
Helping clients express their feelings, emotions is my main focus. That will be done in a non-judgmental manner, respective, and in a friendly manner. With more than 5years experience in social work, clients will recieve my warmth, loving and wholeheartedly gracious services they may need as I have provided my past clients. The other focus will be on spiritual level which might ignored and has a lot of impact on our psycho-social challenges that we face. Our sessions will be focusing on client's holistically which will reveal the cause and solution thereof. Our clients will receive follow-up sessions even after our interaction.
087 250 2148 x35 View 087 250 2148 x35
Photo of Mathilda Vongani Shilote - Nurturance Counselling Services, SACSSP, Social Worker
Nurturance Counselling Services
Social Worker, SACSSP
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
No matter how difficult life may feel at this moment, together we can discover the solutions and changes that you want in your life. I sincerely believe that using therapy to provide support and assistance in a compassionate, non-critical, understanding environment is my life calling. At Nurturance Counselling Services we value the sacred spaces we create with our clients. We help people to grow, heal and become who they want to be. we believe that people are experts in their own lives and have the resources needed to reach their psychological wellbeing and therapeutic goals. Our job is to facilitate that process.
No matter how difficult life may feel at this moment, together we can discover the solutions and changes that you want in your life. I sincerely believe that using therapy to provide support and assistance in a compassionate, non-critical, understanding environment is my life calling. At Nurturance Counselling Services we value the sacred spaces we create with our clients. We help people to grow, heal and become who they want to be. we believe that people are experts in their own lives and have the resources needed to reach their psychological wellbeing and therapeutic goals. Our job is to facilitate that process.
087 250 2962 x73 View 087 250 2962 x73
Photo of Chandapiwa Khoarai, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Chandapiwa Khoarai
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
Working with individuals, couples, families with various issues such as depression, anxiety, work-related stressors, adjustment issues, bereavement etc.
Working with individuals, couples, families with various issues such as depression, anxiety, work-related stressors, adjustment issues, bereavement etc.
087 250 0592 x87 View 087 250 0592 x87
Photo of Girly Mamhlophe Nkosana, SACSSP, Social Worker
Girly Mamhlophe Nkosana
Social Worker, SACSSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pretoria 0002
My passion is to help individuals cope with life challenges and obstacles that seem impossible to overcome on their own. I have helped individuals cope with trauma, depression, family and work related stressors. The aim is to create a safe space with non judgmental attitude where an individual can be heard and respected irrespective of their background. By incorporating Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Strength Based and Person Centered Approach, I am able to help a client have a different perspective to their challenges. The journey is not meant to be walked alone. Allow us to be there for you throughout the journey.
My passion is to help individuals cope with life challenges and obstacles that seem impossible to overcome on their own. I have helped individuals cope with trauma, depression, family and work related stressors. The aim is to create a safe space with non judgmental attitude where an individual can be heard and respected irrespective of their background. By incorporating Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Strength Based and Person Centered Approach, I am able to help a client have a different perspective to their challenges. The journey is not meant to be walked alone. Allow us to be there for you throughout the journey.
087 250 2464 x32 View 087 250 2464 x32
Photo of Jamie van Wyk
Jamie van Wyk
Psychometrist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pretoria 0184
As a fun, caring and loving individual, I am dedicated to uplifting lives and fostering positivity. With a main focus on children, I find immense fulfilment in nurturing young minds and hearts. I believe in the importance of identifying learning or developmental needs early on, recognizing that this lays the foundation for lifelong progress and success.
As a fun, caring and loving individual, I am dedicated to uplifting lives and fostering positivity. With a main focus on children, I find immense fulfilment in nurturing young minds and hearts. I believe in the importance of identifying learning or developmental needs early on, recognizing that this lays the foundation for lifelong progress and success.
087 250 2748 x76 View 087 250 2748 x76
Michelle Beneke
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
I am a therapist who work with individuals. I see children, adolescents and adults. Each patient is a person with a unique biography which include both their joys and struggles. I focus on the person and through our relationship I do my best to help them to understand their thoughts and feelings and to get to know why they feel and behave the way they do. On our journey together we explore whatever they bring, be it a thought, a feeling, a relationship, a dream, a stuckness or a symptom. Therapy, like other relationships, can be difficult. The difference is that this relationship’s purpose is to bring healing and acceptance
I am a therapist who work with individuals. I see children, adolescents and adults. Each patient is a person with a unique biography which include both their joys and struggles. I focus on the person and through our relationship I do my best to help them to understand their thoughts and feelings and to get to know why they feel and behave the way they do. On our journey together we explore whatever they bring, be it a thought, a feeling, a relationship, a dream, a stuckness or a symptom. Therapy, like other relationships, can be difficult. The difference is that this relationship’s purpose is to bring healing and acceptance
087 250 0412 x15 View 087 250 0412 x15
Photo of Nkateko Ndala-Magoro - Pretoria Psychologists (Pty)Ltd., MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Pretoria Psychologists (Pty)Ltd.
Psychologist, MA, HPCSA - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Pretoria 0002
Pretoria Psychologists (Pty) Ltd boats more than 40 years of combined experience in mental health services. The practice was established in the 1990s by Dr. Elaine Bing and Jacqui van Staden. Currently, this dynamic practice is managed by Nkateko Ndala-Magoro. We are a multidisciplinary team who offer a range of services within our expertise and speak all 11 South African languages.
Pretoria Psychologists (Pty) Ltd boats more than 40 years of combined experience in mental health services. The practice was established in the 1990s by Dr. Elaine Bing and Jacqui van Staden. Currently, this dynamic practice is managed by Nkateko Ndala-Magoro. We are a multidisciplinary team who offer a range of services within our expertise and speak all 11 South African languages.
087 250 0592 x91 View 087 250 0592 x91

See more therapy options for Pretoria

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Pretoria

100+

Average cost per session

R650

Counsellors in Pretoria who prioritize treating:

69% Relationship Issues
69% Anxiety
66% Coping Skills
64% Depression
64% Stress
63% Self Esteem
62% Bereavement

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% Bonitas
89% Discovery Health
79% Fedhealth

How Counsellors in Pretoria see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Pretoria?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The majority of General Counsellors featured in the directory align themselves with reputable professional bodies, particularly the Association for Supportive Counsellors and Holistic Practitioners. All Registered Counsellors listed must be registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professionals.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for general counsellors in South Africa, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in South Africa.

Psychologists have five years training in psychology, have completed an internship over 12 months, and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. They must be registered with Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registered Counsellors must have at least four years of study at a university or college, such as the Bachelor of Psychology and have completed the National Examination of the Professional Board for Psychology. General counsellors, such as Supportive Counsellors, Holistic Counsellors, and Wellness Counsellors, registered with the ASCHP must possess at least an NQF Level 4 qualification. Social Workers must possess a Bachelor of Social Work and must have completed an approved internship in the social service sector.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in South Africa could be between R600 and R1,500. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are registered with the HPCSA and professional organisations such as PsySSA or the ASCHP are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client, or as required by law, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.