Mapa de Rutas Metabolicas
Mapa de Rutas Metabolicas
10 l-Xylulose reductase 1.1.1.14 l-Iditol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.19 Glucuronate reductase 1.1.1.21 Aldehyde reductase 1.1.1.22 UDPglucose dehydrogenase 1.1.1.23 Histidinol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.25 Shikimate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.27 Lactate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.29 Glycerate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.30 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.31 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.32 Mevaldate reductase 1.1.1.34 Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) 1.1.1.35 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.1.1.37 Malate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.39 Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) 1.1.1.41 Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) 1.1.1.44 Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) 1.1.1.45 l-Gulonate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.49 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.56 Ribitol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.79 Glyoxylate reductase (NADP+) 1.1.1.81 Hydroxypyruvate reductase 1.1.1.82 Malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.1.1.85 3-Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.86 Ketol-acid reductoisomerase 1.1.1.95 Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.100 3-Oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase 1.1.1.102 3-Dehydrosphinganine reductase 1.1.1.105 Retinol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.130 3-Dehydro-L-gulonate 2-dehydrogenase 1.1.1.157 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.1.1.158 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.169 2-Dehydropantoate 2-reductase 1.1.1.204 Xanthine dehydrogenase 1.1.1.205 IMP-dehydrogenase 1.1.3.8 l-Gulonolactone oxidase 1.1.3.22 Xanthine oxidase 1.1.99.1 Choline dehydrogenase 1.1.99.5 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1.2.1.3 Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) 1.2.1.7 Benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.2.1.8 Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.11 Aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.12 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1.2.1.13 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1.2.1.16 Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) 1.2.1.18 Malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating) 1.2.1.21 Glycolaldehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.23 2-Oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) 1.2.1.24 Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.25 2-Oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase (acylating) 1.2.1.27 Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) 1.2.1.31 l-Aminoadipate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.32 Aminomuconate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.36 Retinal dehydrogenase 1.2.1.41 Glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase 1.2.1.52 Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase 1.2.3.5 Glyoxylate oxidase 1.2.3.7 Indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase 1.2.4.1 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) 1.2.4.2 Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) 1.2.7.1 Pyruvate synthase 1.2.7.2 2-Oxobutyrate synthase 1.3.1.1 Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+) 1.3.1.2 Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.3.1.8 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.3.1.9 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) 1.3.1.10 Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH, B-specific) 1.3.1.13 Prephenate dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.3.1.14 Orotate reductase (NADH) 1.3.1.26 Dihydrodipicolinate reductase 1.3.1.35 Phosphatidylcholine desaturase 1.3.3.3 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase 1.3.3.4 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 1.3.5.1 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1.3.99.1 Succinate dehydrogenase 1.3.99.2 Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.3.99.3 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.3.99.7 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.3.99.10 Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase 1.4.1.1 Alanine dehydrogenase 1.4.1.2 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1.4.1.7 Serine dehydrogenase 1.4.1.8 Valine dehydrogenase (NADP+) 1.4.1.9 Leucine dehydrogenase 1.4.1.10 Glycine dehydrogenase 1.4.1.14 Glutamate synthase (NADH) 1.4.1.19 Tryptophan dehydrogenase 1.4.3.1 d-Aspartate oxidase 1.4.3.2 l-Amino-acid oxidase 1.4.3.4 Amine oxidase (flavin-containing) 1.4.3.8 Ethanolamine oxidase 1.4.4.2 Glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) 1.5.1.2 Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1.5.1.3 Dihydrofolate reductase 1.5.1.5 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADP+) 1.5.1.6 Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1.5.1.7 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, l-lysine-forming) 1.5.1.8 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, l-lysine-forming) 1.5.1.9 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, l-glutamate-forming) 1.5.1.10 Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, l-glutamate-forming) 1.5.1.12 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase 1.5.3.1 Sarcosine oxidase 1.5.99.1 Sarcosine dehydrogenase 1.5.99.2 Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase 1.5.99.8 Proline dehydrogenase 1.6.4.1 Cystine reductase (NADH) 1.6.5.3 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1.6.6.1 Nitrate reductase (NADH) 1.6.6.2 Nitrate reductase [NAD(P)H] 1.6.6.3 Nitrate reductase (NADPH) 1.6.6.4 Nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] 1.6.6.8 GMP reductase 1.7.3.3 Urate oxidase 1.7.7.1 Ferredoxinnitrate reductase 1.7.99.4 Nitrate reductase 1.8.1.3 Hypotaurine dehydrogenase 1.8.1.4 Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase 1.8.2.1 Sulfite dehydrogenase 1.8.3.1 Sulfite oxidase 1.8.7.1 Sulfite reductase (ferredoxin) 1.8.99.1 Sulfite reductase 1.8.99.2 Adenylsulphate reductase 1.9.3.1 Cytochrome-c oxidase 1.10.2.1 l-Ascorbatecytochrome-b5 reductase 1.10.2.2 Ubiquinolcytochrome-c reductase 1.10.3.3 l-Ascorbate oxidase 1.10.99.1 Plastoquinolplastocyanin reductase 1.13.11.1 Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase 1.13.11.2 Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase 1.13.11.5 Homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase 1.13.11.6 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase 1.13.11.11 Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 1.13.11.20 Cysteine dioxygenase 1.13.11.21 -Carotene 15,15-dioxygenase 1.13.11.27 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase 1.13.11.34 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase 1.13.99.1 myo-lnositol oxygenase 1.14.11.1 g-Butyrobetaine dioxygenase 1.14.11.2 Procollagen-proline dioxygenase 1.14.11.8 Trimethyllysine dioxygenase 1.14.12.1 Anthranilate 1,2-dioxygenase (deaminating, decarboxylating) 1.14.13.5 Imidazoleacetate 4-monooxygenase 1.14.13.9 Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase 1.14.13.11 trans-Cinnamate 4-monooxygenase 1.14.13.12 Benzoate 4-monooxygenase 1.14.13.39 Nitric oxide synthase 1.14.16.1 Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase 1.14.16.2 Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase 1.14.16.4 Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase 1.14.17.1 Dopamine -monooxygenase 1.14.18.1 Monophenol monooxygenase 1 14.99.1 Prostaglandin synthase 1 14.99.5 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1.14.99.7 Squalene monooxygenase 1.14.99.25 Linoleoyl-CoA desaturase 1.17.4.1 Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1.18.6.1 Nitrogenase TRANSFERASES 2.1.1.1 Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.2 Guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.3 Thetinhomocysteine S-methyltransferase 2.1.1.4 Acetylserotonin N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.5 Betainehomocysteine S-methyltransferase 2.1.1.6 Catechol O-methyl transferase 2.1.1.10 Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2.1.1.13 5-Methyltetrahydrofolatehomocysteine S-methyl transferase 2.1.1.14 5-Methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2.1.1.17 Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.20 Glycine N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.28 Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 2.1.1.45 Thymidylate synthase 2.1.1.71 Phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 2.1.2.1 Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase 2.1.2.2 Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2.1.2.3 Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxamide formyltransferase 2.1.2.5 Glutamate formiminotransferase 2.1.2.10 Aminomethyl transferase 2.1.3.1 Methylmalonyl-CoA carboxyltransferase 2.1.3.2 Aspartate carbamoyltransferase 2.1.3.3 Ornithine carbamoyltransferase 2.1.4.1 Glycine amidinotransferase 2.2.1.1 Transketolase 2.2.1.2 Transaldolase 2.3.1.1 Amino-acid N-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.4 Glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.5 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.6 Choline O-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.7 Carnitine O-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.8 Phosphate acetyltransferase 2.3.1.9 Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.12 Dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.15 Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2.3.1.16 Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase 2.3.1.20 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2.3.1.23 Lysolecithin acyltransferase 2.3.1.24 Sphingosine N-acyltransferase 2.3.1.30 Serine O-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.37 5-Aminolevulinate synthase 2.3.1.38 [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase 2.3.1.39 [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonytransferase 2.3.1.41 3-Oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 2.3.1.46 Homoserine O-succinyltransferase 2.3.1.50 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase 2.3.1.51 1-Acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2.3.1.76 Retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase 2.4.1.1 Phosphorylase 2.4.1.9 Inulosucrase 2 4.1.11 Glycogen (starch) synthase 2.4.1.13 Sucrose synthase 2.4.1.16 Chitin synthase 2.4.1.17 Glucuranosyltransferase 2.4.1.21 Starch synthase 2.4.1.22 Lactose synthase 2.4.1.23 Sphingosine -galactosyltransferase 2.4.1.29 Cellulose synthase (GDP-forming) 2.4.1.32 Glucomannan 4--mannosyltransferase 2.4.1.33 Alginate synthase 2.4.1.47 Acylsphingosine galactosyltransferase 2.4.1.62 Ganglioside galactosyltransferase 2.4.1.68 Glycoprotein 6-a-l-fucosyltransferase 2.4.1.69 Galactoside 2-a-l-fucosyltransferase 2.4.2.1 Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase 2.4.2.2 Pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase 2.4.2.4 Thymidine phosphorylase 2.4.2.8 Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.9 Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.10 Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.11 Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.14 Amidophosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.15 Guanosine phosphorylase 2.4.2.17 ATP phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.18 Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase 2.4.2.19 Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase (carboxylating) 2.4.99.1-11 Sialyltransferases 2.4.99.7 Sialyltransferase 2.5.1.1 Dimethylallyltranstransferase 2.5.1.6 Methionine adenosyltransferase 2.5.1.10 Geranyltranstransferase 2.5.1.16 Spermidine synthase 2.5.1.19 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyl-transferase 2.5.1.21 Farnesyltransferase 2.5.1.22 Spermine synthase 2.5.1.29 Farnesyltranstransferase 2.5.1.32 Geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyl transferase 2.6.1.Transaminases 2.6.1.1 Aspartate transaminase 2.6 1.2 Alanine transaminase 2.6.1.4 Glycine transaminase 2.6 1.5 Tyrosine transaminase 2.6 1.6 Leucine transaminase 2.6.1.9 Histidinol-phosphate transaminase 2.6.1.13 Ornithineoxo-acid transaminase 2.6.1.16 Glutaminefructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2.6.1.17 Succinyldiaminopimelate transaminase 2.6.1.18 -Alaninepyruvate transaminase 2.6.1.19 4-Aminobutyrate transaminase 2.6.1.22 l-3-Aminoisobutyrate transaminase 2.6.1.23 4-Hydroxyglutamate transaminase 2.6.1.27 Tryptophan transaminase 2.6.1.32 Valine3-methyl-2-oxovalerate transaminase 2.6.1.36 l-Lysine 6-transaminase 2.6.1.39 2-Aminoadipate transaminase 2.6.1.42 Branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase 2.6.1.44 Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase 2.6.1.51 Serinepyruvate transaminase 2.6.1.52 Phosphoserine transaminase 2.6.1.66 Valinepyruvate transaminase 2.7.1.1 Hexokinase 2.7.1.2 Glucokinase 2.7.1.3 Ketohexokinase 2.7.1.4 Fructokinase 2.7.1.6 Galactokinase 2.7.1.7 Mannokinase 2.7.1.11 6-Phosphofructokinase
P O L Y S A C C H A R I D E S
DERMATAN
CHONDROITIN
O COO -
GLYCOGEN
HO CH2OH O O OH OH OH OH OH CH2OH O NH
CONH 2 CH2COO OH
COO O O O O
Ribose -O - P - O - P - O- Adenosine(P)
+
O O
O
+ N
COO
Ribose - O - P - O - P - O -Adenosine
O
NICOTINATE
2.4.2 .11
N
COO
COO
+ COO N RP
Indoleacetate
(Auxin)
1.2.3.7
CH2CHO
Indoxyl
HO NH
NH
NAD(P)
NH
6.3.5.1 6.3.1.5
HO NH CH 2CH2NH 2
Desamino-NAD
HO
2.7.7.18
COO OPC
CH2OH
HO
2.4.99.7
6.3.2.7-10 6.3.2.13 HO O
CH3CH COO-
Nicotinatenucleotide
CH3O NH
Ribose- P
2.4.2.19
CH 2CH2NHCOCH 3
Quinolinatenucleotide
N
OPPU NHAC
2.4.1.17
HO
OH
OPPU OH
UDP-N-Ac-Muramate
CH2OH O COO HO
UDPIduronate
5.1.3.12
COO HO OH O
CMP-N-Acetyl neuraminate
AcNH O CHOH CHOH CH2OH COO OH 2.7.7.43
GDP-Fucose
4.2.1.47
CH2OH O
GDPMannuronate
TDP-Rhamnose
O OPPT OH
CH2OH O OH
LACTOSE
+ CH2CH(NH3)COO
2.4.2.19
CH2CH2NHCOCH 3
COO COO
5.1.3.13 O 2.4.1.33
CH2OH O HO OH HO OH
OH OH
3.2.1.23 2.7.1.38
Indoleacetaldehyde
4.1.1.43
CH 2COCOO NH
NH
Indole
1.14.16.4
5-Hydroxytryptophan
+ CO CH2CH(NH 3)COO CHO
4.1.1.28
NH
2.1.1.4
N-Acetyl-5-O-methyl-serotonin
(MELATONIN)
COO OCH NH2 COO
Quinolinate
OH
2.4.1.16
OH OPPU NHCOCH 3
HO OH HO OPPG
3.1.3.29
1.1.1.158
CH2OH O
HO
N-Ac-Neuraminate
CH2OP O
(Sialate)
HO O CH2 C COO
OPPU NHAC
UDP-N-AcGalactosamine
COO O
OPPU OH
GDP-Mannose
CH2OH O
TDP-4-Oxo6-deoxyglucose
4.2.1.46
ADPGlucose
CH2OH O OH HO OH HO
GALACTOSE
OPPU
2.7.1.6
HO
CH2OH O OH OP OH
4.1.99.1
Indolepyruvate
2.4.1.22
19 1. 4. 1.
CH2CH 2NH2
Formylkynurenine
1.13.11.11
+ CH2CH(NH 3)COO NH
NH
3.5.1.9
3.7.1.3
UDPGalacturonate
OPPU
2.7.7.13
MANNOSE
2.7.1.7
CH 2OP O
GDP-Glucose
1.1.1.2 2
HO OH HO O P
2.7.7.27 2.7.7.34
UDP-Glucose Galactose-P
2.7.7.9
CH 2OH O HO OH HO HO 5.1.3.2 2.7.7.10 2.7.7.12 OH
5.1.3.7
HO OH OH
5.1.3.6
Mannose-1-P
5.4.2.8
TDP-Glucose
2.7.7.24
CH 2OH O OPPU OH
Tryptamine
OC P OCH 2 CH2 COO
NH
4.1.1.28
TRYPTOPHAN
HO COO OH OH
4.2.1.20
Indole-3-glycerol-P
COO HO OH
4.1.1.45 3-Hydroxy 1.13.11.6 2-Amino-3-carboxy 2-Aminomuconateanthranilate muconate semialdehyde 6-semialdehyde COO H H Catechol
NH C C CH CH2OP OH OH COO NH2
A R O M A T I C A M I N O A C I D S
1.2.1.32 1.14.12.1
OOC OOC CH 2COCOO NH 2
4.1.1.48
N-(5-P-Ribosyl) anthranilate
COO CH2
2.4.2.18
Anthranilate
4.1.3.27 5.4.99.5
OOC
UDP-Glucuronate
CH2OH O CH2OP O OP NHCOCH 3 5.4.2.3 HO OH OH
COO OH OH
COO
2-Amino muconate
4.1.3.20
OPPU
HO OH HO OH
H E X O S E S
ACNH HO OH OH
2.7.1.60
HO OH NHAC HO OH
Mannose-6-P
2.4.1.9
2.4.1.13
CH 2OP O HO OH OH NH2
OP
UDP-Galactose
CH2OH O
HOCH HCOH C
CH2
N-Ac-Mannosamine
5.1.3.14
UDP-N-Ac-Glucosamine
COO O
2.7.7.23
OH
N-Ac-Glucosamine-1-P
OH OH OH OH OP HO OH
OH
N-Ac-Glucosamine-6-P
H H C OH C CO CH2OH
NHCOCH 3
Glucose-1-P
3-Deoxy-D-arabinoheptulosonate-7-P
O -OOC O CH2COO
OH
4.6.1.3
O
Dehydroquinate
4.2.1.10
Dehydroshikimate
CH2COO
1.1.1.25
Shikimate
OH
P O
2.7.1.71
OH
CH2COCOO
Shikimate-3-P PEP
OH
OH
P O
2.5.1.19
OH
O-C-COO
Chorismate
+
OH
OC-COO
Prephenate
CH2COCOO
OH
CH2CH(NH3) COO
CH2CH(NH3) COO
2.3.1
5.3.1.8
.4
OH H HOCH 2 C H C
OH OH C C H
HOCH 2 C
Glucosamine-6-P
3.2.1.26 3.2.1.48
HO OH
OH
OH
COO -
OH OH H
HO OH
OH OH
HO OH
Gulonate
OH H C H C
OH H
1.1.1.19
OH OH C H O C H CO
Glucuronate
OH H C H C HOCH 2
1.13.99.1
OH C H O CO CO
Inositol
HOCH 2 C H
3.1.3.25
OH H C
Inositol-P
C CO
OH
Fructose
1.1.1.14
H H C OH H C C CH2OH OH
SUCROSE
5.5.1.4
GLUCOSE
5.4.2.2 3.1.3.9 2.7.1.2 2.7.1.1
COO
O CH2COO
4.2.1.51 1.3.1.13
2.7.1.15 2.7.1.16 2.7.1.17 2.7.1.19 2.7.1.24 2.7.1.25 2.7.1.28 2.7.1.30 2.7.1.31 2.7.1.32 2.7.1.33 2.7.1.34 2.7.1.36 2.7.1.39 2.7.1.40 2.7 1.47 2.7.1.53 2.7.1.60 2.7.1.71 2.7.1.80 2.7.1.82 2.7.1.107 2.7.2.3 2.7.2.4 2.7.2.6 2.7.2.11 2.7.3.2 2.7.4.2 2.7.4.3 2.7.4.4 2.7.4.6 2.7.4.8 2.7.4.9 2.7.4.14 2.7.6.1 2.7.7.3 2.7.7.4 2.7.7.6 2.7.7.7 2.7.7.9 2.7.7.10 2.7.7.12 2.7.7.13 2.7.7.14 2.7.7.15 2.7.7.18 2.7.7.23 2.7.7.24 2.7.7.27 2.7.7.34 2.7.7.41 2.7.7.43 2.7.8.1 2.7.8.2 2.7.8.3 2.7.8.5 2.7.8.8 2.7.8.11 2.8.3.5 2.8.3.6
OH
1.13.11.27
OH
2.6.1.5
+
OH
TYROSINE
1.14.16.1
PHENYLALANINE
1.3.1.13
4.1 .1.2 5
CH2CH2NH2
2.6.1.5 4.3.1 .5
Phenylpyruvate
CH2CH2NH2
CH2CH(NH3) COOOH
CH=CHCOO
3.1.1.18 HOCH 2
OH OH C O
HOCH 2 C CH2OP O
1 1.1.1.2
ATP
Epinephrine
(Adrenaline)
OH
2.1.1.28
Norepinephrine
(Noradrenaline)
6 .1. 2.1
OH
1.14.17.1
Dopamine -Tocopherol
(Vitamin E)
OH
4.1.1.28 1.14.18.1
O
Dopa
H2 C CH-COO + NH3
OH
1.14.16.2
Ubiquinone
O O
+ CH2CH(NH3) COO
ASCORBATE
OH H HOCH2 C H C CO O
1.10.2.1 1.10.3.3
CO
OH OH H
2.6.1.16
O
Tyramine
OH
Cinnamate Menaquinone
1.14.13.11
CH=CHCOO
Sorbitol
2.7.1.3
H POCH2 C H C OH H C C COO -
2.7
CO
.1. 4
HO OH OH
ADP
HN
1.1.1.49
P E N T O S E S
3-Dehydrogulonate
OH H HOCH 2 C H C OH C CHO
1.1.1.130
H
2, 3-Dioxogulonate
H C OH C CHO H HOCH 2 C H C
Dehydroascorbate
CO CH 2OH H H C
7 .1.1 3.1
P-Glucono lactone
Glucose-6-P
5.3.1.9
CH2 OP O OH OH
I O
CH(OH)COO OCH 3
HO OH
Normetepinephrine
(Normetadrenaline)
Coumarate
NADP +
5.3.1.8
OH
HOCH 2
OH H
L-Xylose
OH H HOCH 2 C H C H C OH OH
4.1.1.34
CH2OH
OH OH H
OH OH
OH C CO
2.7.1.47
HOCH 2 C
CH2OP
OH OH H OH 6-P-Gluconate NADPH
4-OH-3-MethoxyD-mandelate
CH2OP O NHCOCH 2NH2 H 2C OC NH CHO NH RP
4 .3. 1.4
Dopaquinone Plastoquinone
O O
NH
OH
I
OH
4-OH-3-Methoxyphenylglycol
NH H 2C HN C CHO NH RP
1.14.18.1
MELANIN
THYROXINE
OOC-CH-CH 2COO HNCO C N
LIGNIN
Tannins
O C
Plant Pigments
NADP +
CH2OH HOCH 2
Fructose-1-P
H H H
OH OH H
1.1.1.44 5.1.3.1
H H C CO CH2OH H POCH 2 C H
H C
HO C CO CH2OH
2.2.1.1
POCH2 C
L-Arabitol
HOCH 2 C H C H
L-Xylulose
H CHO HOCH 2 C OH H C C OH
2.7.1.53
CH 2OH
NADPH
L-Xylulose-5-P
H HOCH 2 C OH H C C OH OH H OH OH
CH2OH POCH2
Fructose-6-P ATP
C CHO
OH OH H
OH OH H C OH
OH OH OH
CHO
Ribitol
H H C
Glycinamideribosyl-P
6.3.4.13
OH OH
HC H 2N C
N CH N
OOC
N C C CH N RP
2.1.2.2
6.3.5.3
6.3.3.1
5-Amino imidazole-R P
OC C N H NH H NH CO HN OC
RP
H2 N
H 2N
CH
H 2N
N CH RP O C C NH C
carboxylate-R P
HN O C N
5-Amino-4-imidazole (N-succinylcarboxamide)-R P
HN HC O C N N C C CH NH
RP
4.3.2.2
5-Aminoimidazole carboxamide-R P
2.1.2.3
H 2N
C N
OH OH
L-Arabinose
OH H HOCH 2 C H C H C OH OH
5.3
1.1.1.10
.1. 4
HOCH 2
OH H OH OH C H C H
Xylitol
2.7.1.47
D-Xylose
POCH2 C H H C H OH CO CH OH 2
H C CHO
D-Ribulose-5-P
5.1.3.1
H POCH 2 C OH C CO CH 2OH
3.1.3.11
2.7.1.11
HOCH 2 C
Erythrose-4-P
POCH 2
OH OH
ADP
HO C CO CH2OP CH2OP O
Urea
H 2N
OC
COO C N H H
NH2 CO
NH
H2 N
OC
H2 N HCO
N CH N RP
C A T E C H O L A M I N E S
Ribokinase Ribulokinase Xylulokinase Phosphoribulokinase Dephospho-CoA kinase Adenylylsulfate kinase Triokinase Glycerol kinase Glycerate kinase Choline kinase Pantothenate kinase Pantetheine kinase Mevalonate kinase Homoserine kinase Pyruvate kinase D-Ribulokinase l-Xylulokinase N-Acylmannosamine kinase Shikimate kinase Pyrophosphateserine phosphotransferase Ethanolamine kinase Diacylglycerol kinase Phosphoglycerate kinase Aspartate kinase Formate kinase Glutamate 5-kinase Creatine kinase Phosphomevalonate kinase Adenylate kinase Nucleoside-phosphate kinase Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase Guanylate kinase dtmp kinase Cytidylate kinase Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase Pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase Sulfate adenylyl transferase RNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed) DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed) UTPglucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase UTPhexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase UDP glucosehexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase Ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase Nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase Glucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase N-Acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase Ethanolamine phosphotransferase Diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase Ceramide cholinephosphotransferase CDPdiacylglycerolglycerol-3phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDPdiacylglycerolserine O-phosphatidyltransferase CDPdiacylglycerolinositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase 3-Oxoacid CoA-transferase 3-Oxoadipate CoA-transferase
C N H
NH C C CO NH
H C
H C
3.5.3.4
CHO
CO CH2OH
L-Lyxose
L-Ribulose
1.1.1
2.7.1.16
D-Ribose
5.1.3.4
OH OH OH
L-Ribulose-5-P
HOCH 2 C C CO CH2OH OH H
5.3.1.6
OH OH H
4.1.2.-
.9
D-Xylulose
2.7.1.17
D-Xylulose-5-P
2.7 .1. 15
OH H
2.2.1.2
Fructose1:6-bis-P
NH2
GLYCINE
O
CH2(NH3)COO
Allantoate
N
NH2
3.5.2.5
Allantoin
O O O
1.7.3.3
N NH2
URATE
N CH N
C CH C OC NH NH
3.2.2.2
Inosine
2.4.2.1
3.1.3
.5
Formylamidoimidazolecarboxamide-R P
3.5.4.10
HN HC O C N N C C CH N RP
N
CH
O P O O
HC
H POCH 2 C
H C
H C CHO POCH2
H C
H C
H OH C C CO CH2OP
P-Ribosyl amine
4.1.2.13
OH OH
Glyoxylate
Sarcosine
2. OOCCH 2NHCH3
N CH2 O
N -O P~O P~O P O CH 2 O O O O
HC
NH2 N C N C CH C HC N RP(P) N
OOC-CH-CH 2COO
Fumarate
(AMP)
OH
1.5.99.2
OOCCH 2N(CH3)2
1.4.4.2
Cyclic AMP
4.6.1.1
ATP
d-ADP
2.7.4.6
2.7.4.6
OH OH
ADP
2.7.4.3 2.7.4.4
ADENOSINE-P Adenine
4.3.2.2
NH N C C N CH C HC NH RP N
Aspartate
6.3.4.4 3.1.4.6 2.4.2.1
INOSINE-P
(IMP)
HN O C N N C C CH N RP
1.17.4.1
Adenylosuccinate
3.5.4 .3
1.1.1.205 OC
P H O T O S Y N T H E S I S
Chlorophyll Pheophytin
PHOTOSYSTEM II
2H
D-Ribose-5-P
ADP+Pi
3.6.1.34
OH OH OH
Dimethylglycine
2.1.1.5
OOCCH2N(CH3)3
+
Sedoheptulose-PP
2.2.1.1
POCH 2CHOHCHO
OH OH OH H
2.7.7
.7
DNA RNA
O C
2.7.7.7
2.7.7.7
2.4.2.15
d-GDP
2.7.4.6
XANTHOSINE-P
(XMP)
2.4.2 .1
6.3.4.1 6.3.5.2
HN H2 N C O C N N C C CH N RP
P U R I N E S
Ferredoxin
2e*
ATP
4.1.2.13
Betaine
1.2.1.8
+
d-ATP
2.1.2.1
2e*
3H+
PQ
Cyt.
3.6.1.3
2e* 2H
+
Mn
e-
PQH2
Thylakoid Membrane
2H+
Dihydroxyacetone-P
(Glycerone-P)
HOCH2CO CH2OP
2.2.1.1
.1 5.3.1
5.3.1
3-P-Glyceraldehyde
.1
Pi
Pi NAD+
1.2.1.12
2.4.2.14 6.3.4.7
OHCCH 2N(CH3)3
Betaine aldehyde
1.1.99.1
ATP
0 4.2.1.2
2.7.7.6
2.7 .7
2.7.7.6
1.1 7
.7
.4.1
Guanine GDP
2.7.4.8
2.7
.7.6
O C
4.6
1.17.4
.1
O C
GUANOSINE-P
(GMP)
NH2 C CH CH OC N DP
N
f
PC
P680
2H2O
PC
+ NADP
2.7.1.28 1.2.1.13
+ HOCH2CH2N (CH3) 3
HN OC
H
+ +
O2
Thylakoid Lumen
Thylakoid Membrane
H + H + H H+
NADPH+H +
H H C CO CH 2OP
Glyceraldehyde
CH2OP O
HOCH 2CH(OH)CHO
CHOLINE
2.6.1.51 1.4.1.7
NADH
HOCH2CH(NH3)COO
SERINE
3.1.3.3
4.2.1.22 4.1.1.11
3-Aminoisobutyrate
3.5.1.6
2.
1.
-Ureido isobutyrate
1. 13
3.5.2.2
Dihydro thymine
3.5.2.2
CH-CH3 CH 2 NH
HN OC
C CH3 CH NH O C
TDP
2.4.2.4
O C
2.7
.4.9
HN OC
1.3.1.2
Thymine
HN OC
C-CH3 CH 2.1.1.45 N DP
THYMIDINE-P
2.4.2 .4
3.5.4.1
O C
CH HN CH OC N DP 3.5.4.12
d-UMP
d-CMP
2.7.4.14
d-CDP
HN
H2NCONHCH 2CH 2COO
Mg
++
POCH 2 C
2.7.6.1
OH OH
Chloroplast Stroma
OH OH
OP O P
1:3-bis-P-Glycerate
ADP
2.7.2.3
POCH 2CHOHCOOP
H2NCH 2CH2COO
HOCH2COCOO
-Alanine
3.5.1.6
P-Ribosyl-PP
Hydroxypyruvate
+ P OCH2CH(NH3)COO
Carbamoyl -alanine
HN OC O C
Dihydrouracil
HN OC O C
CH2 CH2 OC NH
1.3.1.2
Uracil
O C N
N H
CH CH
CH2
O2
COO
ATP
OH COO HO O OH
1.1.1.29
Phosphoserine
2.6.1.52
Carbamoyl aspartate
2.6.1.22
H H C H C H C
3.5.2.3
URIDINEDihydro Orotate Orotidine-P Uridine-P UDP 4.1.1.23 (UMP) 2.7.4.4 2.4.2.10 2.7.4.6 triphosphate orotate 1.3.1.14
(UTP)
H P OCH 2 C H C H C H C NH2 N OC C NH CH C HC N N H P OCH 2 C H C CO CH2 N NH C CH C HC N N RP CONH 2
CH-COO NH
CH C-COO NH
HN OC
CH
C-COO RP
CH HN OC N CH RP
2.4.2.9
HN OC
CH CH N RPPP
O C
Cytosine
N OC
NH 2 C CH N CH OC NH
1.17.4.1
NH 2
CDP
CH 2.7.4.6 CH
6.3.4.2
RPPP
CYTIDINEtriphosphate
(CTP)
H H C C C H CH N
P Y R I M I D I N E S
Linoleate
1.3.1.35
1.14.99.25
COO COSCoA
-Linolenate
Arachidonate 1.13.11.34
1.1
CO-S-ACP
5.3
L I P I D B I O S Y N T H E S I S
4.9
9.1
.99
Leukotriene B4
COO
.3
HO OH
3-P-Glycerate
2.7.1.31
POCH2CHOH COO
1.1.1.95
P-Hydroxypyruvate
2.4.2.17
HC N
P OCH2COCOO
P OCH2 C
P-Ribosyl-ATP
C CH 2CHCOO NH C H
OH OH O
3.6.1.31
NH2 N + C C N CH C HC N N RP(PP)
HYDROLASES 3.1.1.3 Triacylglycerol lipase 3.1.1.4 Phospholipase A2 3.1.1.5 Lysophospholipase 3.1.1.7 Acetylcholinesterase 3.1.1.17 Gluconolactonase 3.1.1.21 Retinyl-palmitate esterase 3.1.1.28 Acylcarnitine hydrolase 3.1.1.31 6-Phosphogluconolactonase 3.1.1.32 Phospholipase A1 3.1.2.1 Acetyl-CoA hydrolase 3.1.2.3 Succinyl-CoA hydrolase 3.1.2.4 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase 3.1.2.11 Acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase 3.1.2.20 Acyl-CoA hydrolase 3.1.3.2 Acid phosphatase 3.1.3.3 Phosphoserine phosphatase 3.1.3.4 Phosphatidate phosphatase 3.1.3.5 5-Nucleotidase 3.1.3.9 Glucose-6-phosphatase 3.1.3.11 Fructose-bisphosphatase 3.1.3.15 Histidinol-phosphatase 3.1.3.25 myo-Inositol-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 3.1.3.27 Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase 3.1.3.29 N-Acylneuraminate-9-phosphatase 3.1.3.31 Nucleotidase 3.1.4.2 Glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase 3.1.4.3 Phospholipase C 3.1.4.4 Phospholipase D 3.1.4.10 1-Phosphatidylinositol phosphodieterase 3.1.4.12 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3.2.1.21 -Glucosidase 3.2.1.23 -Galactosidase 3.2.1.26 -Fructofuranosidase 3.2.1.45 Glucosylceramidase 3.2.1.46 Galactosylceramidase 3.2.1.48 Sucrose a-glucosidase 3.2.2.2 Inosine nucleosidase 3.3.1.1 Adenosylhomocysteinase 3.5.1.1 Asparaginase 3.5.1.2 Glutaminase 3.5.1.6 -Ureidopropionase 3.5.1.9 Arylformamidase 3.5.1.18 Succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase 3.5.1.22 Pantothenase 3.5.1.23 Ceramidase 3.5.2.2 Dihydropyrimidinase 3.5.2.3 Dihydroorotase 3.5.2.5 Allantoinase 3.5.2.7 Imidazolonepropionase 3.5.2.10 Creatininase 3.5.3.1 Arginase 3.5.3.4 Allantoicase 3.5.3.6 Arginine deiminase 3.5.4.1 Cytosine deaminase 3.5.4.3 Guanine deaminase 3.5.4.6 AMP deaminase 3.5.4.10 IMP cyclohydrolase 3.5.4.12 dCMP deaminase 3.5.4.19 Phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase 3.6.1.3 Adenosinetriphosphatase 3.6.1.15 Nucleoside-triphosphatase 3.6.1.31 Phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphatase 3.6.1.34 H+-transporting ATP synthase 3.7.1.2 Fumarylacetoacetase 3.7.1.3 Kynureninase 3.9.1.1 Phosphoamidase LYSASES 4.1.1.1 4.1.1.3 4.1.1.4 4.1.1.9 4.1.1.11 4.1.1.12 4.1.1.15 4.1.1.17 4.1.1.20 4 1.1.21 4.1.1.22 4.1.1.23 4.1.1.25 4.1.1.28 4.1.1.29 4.1.1.32 4.1.1.33 4.1.1.34 4.1.1.36 4.1.1.37 4.1.1.39 4.1.1.41 4.1.1.43 4.1.1.45 4.1.1.48 4.1.1.49 4.1.1.50 4.1.1.65 4.1.1.71 4.1.2.5 4.1.2.12 4.1.2.13 4.1.2.14 4.1.3.1 4.1.3.2 4.1.3.4 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.7 4.1.3.8 4.1.3.16 4.1.3.18 4.1.3.20 4.1.3.21 4.1.3.22 4.1.3.27 4.1.99.1 4.2.1.2 4.2.1.3 4.2.1.4 4.2.1.9 4.2.1.10 4.2.1.11 4.2.1.13 4.2.1.16 4.2.1.17 4.2.1.18 4.2.1.19 4.2.1.20 4.2.1.22 4.2.1.24 4.2.1.33 4.2 1.46 4.2.1.47 4.2.1.49 4.2.1.51 4.2.1.52 4.2.1.55 4.2.1.58 4.2.1.59 4.2.1.60 4.2.1.61 4.2.1.75 4.2.1.80 4.2.99.2 4.2.99.8 4.2.99.9 4.3.1.1 4.3.1.2 4.3.1.3 4.3.1.5 4.3.2.1 4.3.2.2 4.4.1.1 4.4.1.8 4.4.1.15 4.6.1.1 4.6.1.3 4.6.1.4 4.99.1.1
P-Ribosyl-AMP
C NH CH + CH2CH(NH 3)COO
3.5.4.19
OH OH O
OH OH
P OCH 2 C
1.14.99.5
Oleoyl-CoA Stearoyl-CoA
CH3(CH2)14COS-ACP COSCoA
Prostaglandin PGE 2
CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CH 2COS-CoA COS
5.3.99.5
Thromboxane B2
CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA
OH-Stearoyl-CoA
Oxostearoyl-CoA
Mitochondrial
2, 3-Diphosphoglycerate
POCH2CH(O P) COO
5.4.2.1
HOCH2CH(OH) COO
Glycerate
Carnosine
4.1.1.22
NHCOCH 2CH2NH2
HC N
HC N
C NH CH
RP
OH OH HN
Imidazole glycerol-P
HC N C H C NH CH2COCH 2OP
CH2CH(NH 3)CH2OP
CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA
Endoplasmic Reticulum
ACETATE
CH 3COO
HISTIDINE
4.3.1.3
1.1.1.23
Histidinal
OOC HN
1.1.1.23
Histidinol
OC N
NH CH
3.1.3.15
Histidinol-P
NH CH
4.2.1.19
2.6.1.9
CH N C
Palmitoyl-ACP ACYL-ACP
CH3(CH2)6CH2CH 2COSACP
Chain elongation
4.2.1.60 4.2.1.61
CH 3(CH2)n CH(OH)CH 2COSACP
3-Enoyl-ACP
3-OH-Acyl-ACP
1.1.1.100
3-Oxoacyl-ACP
2-P-Glycerate
4.2.1.11
HOCH2CH(O P)COO
Imidazole acetol-P
CH CHCOO
HC
C C H NH
CH2CH2NH2
1.2.1.4
CHCH 2CH2COO NH CH
CHCH 2CH2COO NH CH
HISTAMINE
2.3.1.41
1.3.1
3, 4-Decenoyl-ACP
.9
ETHANOL
1.1.1.1
CH3CH 2OH
2.1.3.2
2.3
Formimino glutamate
3.5.2.7
Imidazolone propionate
4.2.1.49
NH CH
4.3.1.3
Urocanate 2SO 4
3-OH-Decanoyl-ACP
CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSACP
3-Oxo-Decanoyl-ACP
2.3.1.41
CH 3(CH2)6COCH 2COSACP
.1.3
+ CH2CO-OCH2CH(NH 3)COO
Acetylserine
+ S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO + S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO
HS
CH 3(CH2)2CH 2CH2COSACP
1.3.1.9
4.2.1.59
CH3CH=CHCO.S-ACP
3-OH-Hexanoyl-ACP 3-OH-Butanoyl-ACP
CH2OH HOCH CH2 OH
HOCH CH2O P
1.1.1.100
3-Oxo-Hexanoyl-ACP Acetoacetyl-ACP
CH3COCH 2COSACP
CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSACP
P-enolpyruvate
ADP Malonyl-ACP
2.3.1.39
2 .1. 3.7
HOOCCH 2CO-S-ACP
CH2=C(OP ) COO
1.8.99.1
HSO3
1.8.99.2
Acetaldehyde HS
4.1 1 .1.
CH3CHO
Phosphoadenylylsulphate
(PAPS)
4.2.1.22 4.4.1.8
2.7.1.25
Adenylylsulphate
(APS)
2.7.7.4
1.2.1.32
4.2
2.3.1.41
CYSTINE
4.4.1.15
1.6.4.1
CYSTEINE
4.4.1.1
4.2.99.9
Cystathionine
Homocysteine
3.3.1.1
2.1.1.13 2.1.1.14
METHIONINE
+ CH 3 - SCH 2CH 2CH(NH 3)COO +
CH3CH2CH2COSACP
1.3.1.9
4.2.1.58
CH3CH(OH)CH 2COS-ACP
1.1.1.100 1.1.1.8
1.13.11.20
+ HO 2SCH 2CH(NH 3 )COO
Adenosyl
R-CH2COO
CH2OH
CH3(CH2)n+2COS-CoA
6.2.1.3
FATTY ACID
2.3.1.41
ATP
2.7.1.40
4.4.1.15
HSO3
Cysteine
Glutamate
4.1 .1. 2
Cysteate
9
S-Adenosyl homocysteine
CH2SH + OOCCH(NH 3)CH2CH2CONHCHCOO
Adenosyl
2.5.1.6
2.1.1.10
ACYL-CoA
(Cytosol)
2.3.1.7
Glycerol
2.3.1.15
3.1.1.3
CH2O-CO-R CH2O-CO-R"
2.7.1.30
3-P-Glycerol
2.3.1.51
CH2O-CO-R
HO2SCH 2COCOO
L I P I D D E G R A D A T I O N
Carnitine O-Acyl-carnitine
O-Acyl-carnitine
3.1.1.28
CH3(CH2)n CH2CH2COSCoA
R-CO-OCH
2.7.8.5
Malonyl-Co-A
CH 3CO-S-ACP
HOOCCH 2CO-SCoA
PYRUVATE 1.2.4.1
CH3CO COO
1.4.1.1
2.6.1.2
4.1.3 .18
1.1 .1.2 7
+ CH3CH(NH3)COO
3-Sulphinyl pyruvate
sulphinate
4.1.1.29
6.3.2 .2
HO3SCH 2CH2NH2
2.1.1.20
4.1.1.50
R-CO-OCH CH2O P
4.1.1.4
1.1.1.30
Triacylglycerol
FAT
Acetoacetate
3.1.2.11
CH3(CH2)n COCH 2COSCoA
CH3COCH 2COO
Acetyl-ACP
2.3.1.38
4.1.1.9
2.3.1.12 1.8.1.4
ALANINE
Hypotaurine
HO2SCH 2CH2NH2
1.8.1.3
Taurine
-Glutamylcysteine
6.3.2 .3
Glycine
4.1.2.5
+ CH3CH(OH)CH(NH 3)COO
+ OOCCH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH(NH 3)COO
4.1.1.12 2.6.1.18
CH3CH(OH)COO
Succinylhomoserine
2.3.1.46
CH3 CH3
ACYL-CoA
(Mitochondria)
1.3.99.3
CH3(CH2)n CH=CHCOSCoA
2, 3-Enoyl-CoA
3-OH-Acyl-CoA
1.1.1.35
3-Oxoacyl-CoA
2.3.1.16
CH 3 COSCoA
ATP GTP
LACTATE
THREONINE
4.1.3 .18
4.2.99.2
Bile Acids
HCHO
4.1.2.12
CH3 + CHCH(NH 3)COO CH3
Glutathione
Oxopantoate
4.2
.1.
52
CH3(CH2)2CH2CH2COSCoA
Hexanoyl-CoA
CH3CH2CH2COSCoA
1.3.99.3
CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCOSCoA
4.2.1.17
3-OH-Hexanoyl-CoA 3-OH-Butanoyl-CoA
CH3CH2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA
CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA
1.1.1.35
CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSCoA
2.3.1.16
ACETYL-CoA
1.2.1.18
Malonic semialdehyde
OHCCH 2COO
1.1.1.3 1.1.1.86
CH3
4.2.1.16
CH3CH2COCOO
2-Acetolactate Oxobutyrate
4.1 .3.1 8
CH3 HOCH 2CHCOO
CH3COC(OH)CH 3
2-3-Dihydroxy isovalerate
CH3
C (OH)CH(OH)COO CH3
CHCOCOO
1.1.1.169
4.2.1.9
2.6.1.32
2.3.1.9
4.1.3.5
1.2.1.25
1.3.99.2
4.2.1.55
1.1.1.157
3-OH-Pentanoyl-CoA
CH 2O-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O O CH2O POCMP
1.1.1.35
2.6.1.4
4.1.3.4
4 2.6.1.4
4.1.1.32
1.1.1.39
OOCCOCH 2COO
Methylmalonyl semialdehyde
2.3.1 .16
CH3 OHCCHCOO
1.1.1
.31
3-Hydroxyisobutyrate
COO CH3COC(OH)CH 2CH3
3.1.2.4
3-HydroxyIsobutyryl-CoA
CH3
HOCH 2CHCOS-CoA-
4.2.1.17
Methyl acrylyl-CoA
CH3 CHCOCOO
CH2 = CCOSCoA
1.3.99.3
Isobutyryl-CoA
CH 3 + CHCH(NH 3)COO
CH3CHCO-SCoA
PANTOTHENATE
2.7.1.33
R'-CO-OCH
1.3.99.7
HO OH OH
Phosphatidyl inositol
PHOSPHATIDYL SERINE
O
COO + CH 2O PO CH 2CHNH 3 O
2.7.7.41
Glyoxylate
1.1.1.79 1.2.3.5
HOCH 2COO
4.1.3.5
CH2COO CH3C(OH)CH 2COSCoA
4.1.3.8
4.2.1.1 8
CH2COO C(OH)COO CH2COO
2.7.8.8 2.7.8.11
CH 2O-CO-R
Serine
Inositol
R'-CO-OCH
CDP-diacyl glycerol
O
Glycolate
1.2.1.21 2.7.8.5
HOCH 2CHO
-OH--Methylglutaryl-CoA
1.1.1.34
CH2COO CH3C(OH)CH 2CHO
OXALOACETATE
1.1.1.37
OOCCH(OH)CH 2COO
C(OH)CH(OH)COO CH3CH2
CH3CH2
2.6.1.32
CH3CH2
ISOLEUCINE
CH 3
1.2.1.25
4-P-Pantothenylcysteine
4.1.1.36
P H O S P H O L I P I D S
CH 2O-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O O
4.1.1.65
CH2O-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O
HOOC-COOH
O HCO-CO-R
Oxalate
4.1.3.7
MALATE
4.2.1.2
OOCCH=CHCOO
+ CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 O CH 2 O-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O 3.1.1.32 O R'-CO-OCH + + CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 CH2OPOCH2CH2N(CH 3)3 O O CH2OCH=CHR
+ CH 2O P OCH 2CH2 NH 3
Cardiolipin
OPhosphatidylglycerol
Glycol aldehyde
1.4.3.8
+ HOCH 2CH 2NH 3
CITRATE
4.2.1.3
HOOCCHO
4.1
2 .3.
Propanoyl-CoA
2.1.3.1 4.1.1.41 5.1.99.1
CH3
CH3CH 2CHCOSCoA
4-P-Pantetheine
2.7.7.3
2.7.8.1
CDP-Ethanolamine
CH2O-CO-R HOCH O
2.7.7.14
Ethanolamine-P
CH2OH HOCH O + CH2OPO CH2CH 2N(CH 3) O
+ POCH2CH2 NH3
Mevaldate
1.1.1.32
FUMARATE
1.3.5.1
6.4.1.3
COOH (CH3)2CHCHCH(OH)COO
2.7.1.82
Glyoxylate
CHOHCOO CHCOO CH2COO
4.3
.1. 1
+ OOCCH 2CH(NH 3)COO
(CH3)2CHC(OH)CH 2COO
Ethanolamine
CH3COCH 2CH2N(CH 3 )3
2-Isopropylmalate
4.2.1.18
4.2.1.18
4.2.1.33
(CH3)2CHCH 2COCOO
2.6.1.6 1.4.1.9
LEUCINE
1.2.1.25
Dephospho-Coenzyme A
2.7.1.24
OOC-CH-COSCoA
2.1.1.17 2.1.1.71
- Lysolecithin
3.1.1.5
Glycerophosphocholine
3.1.4.4 3.1.4.3
+ P OCH 2CH2 N(CH 3)3
3.1
CH COO
4.1.3.1
2.3.1.6
ISOCITRATE
1.1.1.41
5-Amino levulinate
LECITHIN
2.7.8.2
Dehydrosphinganin Gangliosides
1.1.1.102
+ NH 3 CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CHCH 2OH
+ NH 3 CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH
.3 2.7.8
CDP-choline
2.7.7.15
3.1.4.1
Choline-P
2.7.1.36 2.7.4.2
CH2COO
CO2
OOCCH 2CH2COO
ASPARTATE
1.2.1 .16
5.1.99.1
Methylmalonyl-CoA
2.7 .2. 4
CH3
1.1.1.3
3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA
H C N
OOCCH 2C = CHCOSCoA
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA
H2 C
N
1.3.99.10
Isovaleryl-CoA
(CH3)2CHCH 2COSCoA
Coenzyme A
+ NH3 OOCCH-CH 2CH2CH2CHCOO + NH 3
+ P OOCCH 2CH(NH3)COO
2.7.1.32
CHOLINE
SUCCINYL-CoA
1.2.4.2
-OOCCOCH CH COO2 2
- OOCCH CH COSCoA 2 2
Aspartyl-P
1.2 .1.
CH3C(OH)CH 2CH2OPP
Diphosphomevalonate
4.1.1.33
5.4.99.2
4.1.1.71
11
6.3.5.4
Psychosine
NHCOR
2.3.1.37
Acyl-CoA Cerebroside
CH3 CH2
Glycine
2-OXOGLUTARATE NADH+H +
NAD +
HC OOCC
CH 2 CH-COO
H 2C OOCC
CH2 CH-COO
OOCCH 2CH2CONH OOCCH 2CH2CONH OOCCOCH 2CH2CH2CH-COO OOCCHCH 2CH2CH 2CH-COO + NH3
A M I N O A C I D S
Pyruvate decarboxylase Oxaloacetate decarboxylase Acetoacetate decarboxylase Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase Aspartate 1-decarboxylase Aspartate 4-decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase Ornithine decarboxylase Diaminopimelate decarboxylase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase Histidine decarboxylase Orotidine-5-phosphate decarboxylase Tyrosine decarboxylase Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase Sulfoalanine decarboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase Dehydro-l-gulonate decarboxylase Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase Aminocarboxymuconatesemialdehyde decarboxylase Indole-3-glycerol-phosphate synthase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase 2-Oxoglutarate decarboxylase Threonine aldolase Ketopantoaldolase Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 2-Dehydro-3-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase Isocitrate lyase Malate synthase Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase Citrate (si)-synthase ATP citrate (pro-S)-lyase 4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase Acetolactate synthase N-Acylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthase Homocitrate synthase Citramalate lyase Anthranilate synthase Tryptophanase Fumarate hydratase Aconitate hydratase Citrate dehydratase Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase 3-Dehydroxyquinate dehydratase Phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase) l-Serine dehydratase Threonine dehydratase Enoyl-CoA hydratase Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase Imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase Tryptophan synthase Cystathionine B-synthase Porphobilinogen synthase 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase dTDPglucose 4,6-dehydratase GDPmannose 4,6-dehydratase Urocanate hydratase Prephenate dehydratase Dihydrodipicolinate synthase 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase Crotonoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydratase 3-Hydroxyoctanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] dehydratase 3-Hydroxydecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] dehydratase 3-Hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] dehydratase Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase 2-Oxopent-4-enoate hydratase Threonine synthase Cysteine synthase O-Succinylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase Aspartate ammonia-lyase Methylaspartate ammonia-lyase Histidine ammonia-lyase Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase Argininosuccinate lyase Adenylosuccinate lyase Cystathionine g-lyase Cystathionine -lyase D-Cysteine desulfhydrase Adenylate cyclase 3-Dehydroquinate synthase Chorismate synthase Ferrochelatase
4.2.1.52
2, 3-Dihydrodipicolinate
1.3.1.26
Piperideine2, 6-dicarboxylate
+ (CH3)3NCH2CH(OH)CH 2COO
Asparagine
Carnitine
N-Succinyl2-amino-6-oxopimelate
6
2.6.1.17
N-Succinyl-2, 6 diaminopimelate
3.5.1.18
Diaminopimelate
1.14.11.1
SPHINGOMYELIN
2.7.8.3
CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH
3.1.4.12
Ceramide
CH3C-CH2CH2OPP
2-AMINO ACID
I
Fe--S
+ R-CH(NH3) COO
N -Trimethyl3-OH-lysine
6
1.14.11.8
N -Trimethyllysine
LYSINE
Isopentenyl-PP
(C5)
1.6.5.3
I S O P R E N O I D S S T E R O I D S P O R P H Y R I N S
Lycopene (C40)
To Brain - VISION
Phytoene
(C40)
Dimethylallyl-PP
(C5)
2.5.1.1
CH 3 CH3
FMN 4H 2H+
+
TR
2.6.1.-
Glutaryl-CoA
OOCCH 2CH2CH2COCOO
2-Oxoadipate
AN
hv
2.5.1.32
O CH3
2.5.1.29
Rhodopsin
CH3O CH3O
4H
2e-
FMNH 2
SA
MI N
2-OXO ACID
AT IO N
+ OOCCH 2CH 2CH (NH3) COO
R-CO-COO
4-Aminobutyrate
(GABA)
H2N(CH 2)3NH(CH2)4NH (CH2)3NH2
OOCCH 2CH2CH2NH2
2.6.1.39
1.5.1.9
Saccharopine
CH3-SCH 2CH2CHNH 2
2H+
Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space
.1 4.1
2.7.2 .11
. 15
Spermine
S-Adenosylmethyl thiopropylamine
(Decarboxylated SAM)
L E G Carbohydrates
Biosynthesis
Geranyl-PP
(C10)
2.5.1.10
Opsin
CHO
Retinoate
1.2.1.36
Ubiquinone
(Coenzyme Q)
Geranyl-geranyl-PP
(C20)
II
UQ UQH2
SUCCINATE FUMARATE
NO3 NO2 N2
GLUTAMATE
1.4.1.2 1.4.1.14
2.5.1.22
H2N(CH 2)4NH (CH2)3NH2
trans-Retinal
1.1.1.105
5.2.1.3
Light
11-cis-Retinal
1.1.1.105
CHO
Menaquinone Plastoquinone
O HO
CH 3 O
Phytol (C20)
CH3 O CH3
CH2OH
OPP CH2
2H+
III
1.10.2.2
2H+
1.6.6.1 1.7.99.4
Glutamyl-P
1.2.1.41
Spermidine
Biosynthesis
ISOMERASES 5.1.3.1 Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase 5.1.3.2 UDPglucose 4-epimerase 5.1.3.4 l-Ribulose-phosphate 4-epimerase 5.1.3.6 UDPglucuronate 4-epimerase 5.1.3.7 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 4-epimerase 5.1.3.12 UDPglucuronate 5-epimerase 5 1.3.13 dTDP-4-Dehydrorhamnose 3,5-epimerase 5.1.3.14 UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase 5.1.99.1 Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase 5.2.1.2 Maleylacetoacetate isomerase 5.2.1.3 Retinal isomerase 5.2.1.7 Retinol isomerase 5.3.1.1 Triose-phosphate isomerase 5.3.1.3 Arabinose isomerase 5.3.1.4 l-Arabinose isomerase 5.3.1.5 Xylose isomerase 5.3.1.6 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase 5.3.1.8 Mannose-6-phosphate isomerase 5.3.1.9 Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 5.3.1.16 N-(5-Phospho-d-ribosylformimino)5-amino-1-(5-phosphoribosyl)4-imidazolecarboxamide isomerase 5.3.3.2 Isopentenyl-diphosphate -isomerase 5.3.99.3 Prostaglandin-E synthase 5.3.99.5 Thromboxane-A synthase 5.4.2.1 Phosphoglycerate mutase 5.4.2.2 Phosphoglucomutase 5.4.2.3 Phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase 5.4.2.8 Phosphomannomutase 5.4.3.8 Glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase 5.4.99.2 Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase 5.4.99.5 Chorismate mutase 5.4 99.7 Lanosterol synthase 5.5.1.4 myo-Inositol- l-phosphate synthase LIGASES 6.2.1.3 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.2 6.3.1.4 6.3.1.5 6.3.2.1 6.3.2.2 6.3.2.3 6.3.2.5 6.3.2.6 6.3.2.7 6.3.2.8 6.3.2.9 6.3.2.10 6.3.2.13 6.3.3.1 6.3.4.1 6.3.4.2 6.3.4.3 6.3.4.4 6.3.4.5 6.3.4.7 6.3.4.13 6.3.4.16 6.3.4.17 6.3.5.1 6.3.5.2 6.3.5.3 6.3.5.4 6.3.5.5 6.4.1.1 6.4.1.2 6.4.1.3 6.4.1.4
1.7.7.1 1.6.6.4
NH+ 4
ATP CO2
2.5.1.16
H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
Biosynthesis Biosynthesis
Retinol esters
2.3.1.76 3.1.1.21
CH2OH
CH 3
Farnesyl-PP
(C15)
trans-Retinol
(Vitamin A)
5.2.1.7
Dark
11-cis-Retinol
CH2OH
Phylloquinone
(Vitamin K)
-Tocopherol
(Vitamin E)
2H+
2.5.1.21
2H+
MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
1 .1
.1 8.6
6.3.4.16
Glutamine
Glutamic semialdehyde
2.6.1.13
Putrescine
CH2 CH2 CH N CHCOO
6.3.5.5
CH3COCOO
OHCCOO
STEROIDS Progesterone
HO H
IV
1.9.3.1
2H+
Carbamoyl-P
2.1.3.3
H2NCOOP
HO
HO H
H HO H
2H+ Lanosterol
COOCH2 -OOC
H 2C H 2C H 2C
2H+
H2O
3H
+
CITRULLINE
Pyrroline-5carboxylate
4.1.1.17 1.5.99.8 CH2 1.5.1.2
Pregnenolone CHLOROPHYLL
H3 C HC
CHOLESTEROL
CH2 CH H C N Fe N H3 C CH2 CH2 COOC H N CH3 CH2 CH2 COOH3 C CH CH3 CH2 CH H3 C
H2 C
Desmosterol
CH2 CH H2 C N H H N C H2 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 COOCH3 CH 2 CH H3 C
Zymosterol
COOCH2 CH2 N H H N H2 C N H H N C H2 CH3 COOCH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 COO-
5.4.99.7 1.14.99.7
Squalene
(C30)
3.6.1.34
IA
Pi ADP ATP
CH2
4-Hydroxy2-oxoglutarate
2.6.1.23
Biosynthesis
Degradation
Small numbers refer to the IUBMB Enzyme Commission Reference Numbers for Enzymes
The "BACKBONE" of metabolism involves GLYCOLYSIS, the TCA CYCLE and OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION. It is a major source of energy (ATP) and is the origin and termination of most of the pathways. GLYCOLYSIS occurs in the CYTOPLASM. The TCA CYCLE is in the MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION (ATP SYNTHESIS) spans the MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE. This last part has been redesigned to illustrate the activation of ATP-synthase and formation of ATP - driven by the electromotive translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane. A similar compartmentation occurs in the chloroplast, where light-driven proton translocation across the inner thylakoid membrane initiates synthesis of the ATP necessary for Photosynthesis. In both cases flow of electrons and protons is shown in red or blue arrows
1H+
ORNITHINE
H2NCONH 2
NH
6.3.4.5
OOCCHCH 2COO N + H2NCNHCH 2CH 2CH2CH(NH3) COO
PROLINE
1.14.11.2
HOCH H2C N H CH2 CHCOO
COMPARTMENTATION
N H H N
5-Amino levulinate
COOCH2 CH2
NE
2.1.4.1
R
UREA
ME
HEMOGLOBIN
H2 C
MB
-OOC
H2 C H2 C
RAN
3.6.1.3
Glycine +
3.5.3.1
NH2
3.5.3.6
NO
1.14.13.39
Argininosuccinate
4-Hydroxyglutamate
HOCH HC
1.5.1.12
CH2 CHCOO
OOC
COO-
4.2.1.24
N H
RO TO N
ARGININE
S
1H+ 3H
+
HYDROXY PROLINE
HN C NH CO CH 2 N CH3
4.3.2.1
+ NH
2
3-Hydroxypyrroline5-carboxylate
HEME
COO-
H2 N
+ NH2
IX
III
III
Porphobilinogen
+ NH2
Electron Flow
Proton Flow
ATP
ADP Pi
Guanidoacetate
H2NCNHCH 2COO
2.1.1.2
H2NCN(CH 3)CH2COO
Creatine
2.7.3.2
P- HNCN(CH 3)CH2COO
P-Creatine
3.5.2.10
1.5.1.2
Creatinine
Some other pathways occurring in the mitochondria are identified by a pale yellow background
Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase Aspartateammonia ligase Glutamateammonia ligase Aspartateammonia ligase (ADP-forming) NAD+ synthetase Pantoate-alannine ligase Glutamatecysteine ligase Glutathione synthase Phosphopantothenatecysteine ligase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase UDP-N-Acetylmuramoyl-l-alanyld-glutamatelysine ligase UDP-N-acetylmuramatealanine ligase UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine d-glutamate ligase UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyld-glutamyl-lysined-alanyl-d-alanine ligase UDP-N-Acetyl muramoylalanyl-dglutamate2,6-diaminopimelate ligase Phosphoribosylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase GMP synthase CTP synthase Formatetetrahydrofolate ligase Adenylosuccinate synthase Argininosuccinate synthase Ribose-5-phosphateammonia ligase Phosphoribosylamineglycine ligase Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia) Formatedihydrofolate ligase NAD+ synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) GMP synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase Asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) Pyruvate carboxylase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Propionyl-CoA carboxylase Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase
CH
TRA N SLO
CAT
ON
DR
L
I
ED