Professional Documents
Culture Documents
02 Lect
02 Lect
Cations +
Anions -
Unstable nuclei
Emit energy -radiation Medical uses as tracers
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 2-3: A map showing the relationship between elements, ions, isotopes, and atoms
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Common in biosystems
Carbon (C)
Oxygen (O)
Hydrogen (H)
Figure 2-6: Electron configuration of the three most common elements in the body
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Molecules
Molecular weight Chemical formula
Figure 2-7b: Chemical structures and formulas of some biological molecules
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Functional Groups
Polarity of Molecules Partial charges on regions of molecule Soluble in polar solvents ( i. e. H2O)
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Figure 2-11: Sodium chloride dissolves in water
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Concentrations
Amount of solute in a solution
Mole defined Molarity1 mole in 1 liter
Equivalentscharge
Weight /volume Grams solute/ml solvent Volume/volume Percent solution
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Amino Acids: essential, amino group, acid group Protein structure: polypeptides, primary quaternary
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Combination Biomolecules
Lipoproteins (blood transport molecules) Glycoproteins (membrane structure)
Summary
Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings