Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pages Userguide
Pages Userguide
Apple, the Apple logo, AppleWorks, iBook, iMovie, iTunes, Mac, Mac OS, PowerBook, and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Finder, iPhoto, iWork, Pages, and Safari are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. AppleCare is a service mark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Adobe and Acrobat are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products.
Contents
7 8 12 15 15 21 22 25 25 29 30 32 34 39 45 47 47 54 58 62 65 71 73
Preface: Welcome to Pages Pages Features at a Glance Resources for Learning More Chapter 1: Overview of Pages The Pages Window The Styles Drawer Pages Tools Shortcuts The Pages Document Chapter 2: Creating a Document Using the Pages Templates Step 1: Select a Document Type Step 2: Add Text Step 3: Add Graphics and Other Media Step 4: Edit Your Document Step 5: Save and Share Your Document Chapter 3: Formatting Text and Paragraphs Formatting Text Size and Appearance Setting Text Alignment and Spacing Setting Tab Stops to Align Text Creating Bulleted or Numbered Lists and Outlines Creating Callouts, Sidebars, and Highlighted Text Chapter 4: Working With Styles Applying Styles
75 76 76 80 83 89 91 92 92 96 96 99 102 105 105 107 110 111 113 114 118 122 124 127 127 132 133 135 136
Style Overrides Finding and Replacing Styles Modifying and Creating New Paragraph Styles Modifying and Creating New Character Styles Modifying and Creating New List Styles Chapter 5: Formatting a Documents Layout and Table of Contents Setting Page Orientation and Size Setting Page Margins Creating Columns Creating a Document with Left- and Right-Facing Pages Adding Headers and Footers, Page Numbers, and Footnotes Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks Generating a Table of Contents Chapter 6: Working With Graphics and Other Media Working With Graphics Adding Fixed and Inline Objects Using PDF Files as Graphics Cropping (Masking) Fixed Images Using the Media Browser Resizing, Moving, and Layering Text or Graphic Objects Wrapping Text Around an Object Including Sound and Movies Adding Hyperlinks and Bookmarks Chapter 7: Changing Object Properties Using Color and Image Fills Changing Line Style Adding Shadows Adjusting Opacity Changing the Orientation
Contents
137 139 140 141 144 150 153 153 156 157 159 169 169 175 177 178 180 183 186 187
Adjusting Size and Position of Objects Chapter 8: Creating Tables Adding a Table Selecting Table Cells and Borders Formatting Tables Adding Images or Background Colors Chapter 9: Creating Charts About Charts Adding a Chart Editing Chart Data Formatting Charts Chapter 10: Printing and Exporting Your Document to Other Formats Printing Your Document Exporting to Other Document Formats Chapter 11: Designing Your Own Document Templates Step 1: Setting Up the Document Step 2: Defining Styles Step 3: Creating Placeholder Text and Graphics Step 4: Saving a Custom Template Index
Contents
Pages is a streamlined, yet powerful wordprocessing application that gives everyone the ability to easily create great-looking documents, from a simple letter or invitation to a monthly newsletter or three-panel brochure. This preface provides an overview of the features of Pages and a list of resources for learning to use it.
Pages makes it easy to compose and design a variety of documents on your computer, from a simple memo, to a neatly structured school report, to a highly designed, elegant brochure. With the Pages tools, you can easily change the layout and look of any document as you work. Present your data using any of the tables or charts built right into Pages. Incorporate a multitude of text and graphics typesyou can even include movies, hyperlinks, and audio if you intend to publish your document online. Use the templates that come with Pages to create smart, consistently styled documents. Or create your own to suit your specific needs. With Pages, anything you write is a pleasure to read. Your Pages document can be exported to several different file types, including HTML for online viewing, PDF, and Microsoft Word.
Preface
7
Welcome to Pages
Insert text callouts, tables, and other formatted elements on the fly.
Page Templates
Each template includes Pages building blocks that help you build a full document from a selection of professionally designed layouts.
10
11
Users Guide
This guide (what youre reading now) describes the features of Pages and shows you how to use it. To see a full-color PDF file of this guide, choose Help > Pages User Guide. Chapter 1 of this guide describes the tools that are available in Pages, and Chapter 2 shows you a step-by-step workflow for creating a document. For more detailed information about each step, refer to Chapters 3 through 10. If you want to learn how to create your own templates, read Chapter 11.
Onscreen Help
To see the help, choose Help > Pages Help. You can browse through the table of contents to find a specific topic, or enter a question in the search field to find an answer about how to accomplish a task. You can add the Help button to the Pages toolbar to make Pages Help available in a single click. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. Note: To do many of the tasks in this book (and in Pages Help), you use menu commands. The instructions look like this: m Choose View > Zoom > Actual Size. The first term after Choose is the menu you click; the next term is the item you choose from that menu, as shown below.
12
Help tags are also available for many onscreen items. To see a help tag, let the pointer rest over an item for a few seconds.
Pages Tour
For an onscreen demonstration of what you can do with Pages, view the tour. To see the onscreen tour: m Choose Help > iWork Tour, and then follow the onscreen instructions.
Pages Templates
Pages comes with templates that illustrate the different layouts and styles you can create. Type directly into the templates to create your own documents. You can also use the designs and elements in these templates to enhance your own document by copying and pasting bullets, chart styles, and background images, or by using the same layouts and styles. For more information, see Step 1: Select a Document Type on page 30.
Web Resources
Go to www.apple.com/pages to get the latest software updates and information. You can also purchase Pages products on the web. To find out about Pages products and get up-to-date information: m Choose Help > Pages on the Web.
13
Technical Support
A variety of support options are available to Pages users. For more information, see the AppleCare Software Service and Support Guide that comes with your Pages documentation or visit www.apple.com/support on the web.
14
Overview of Pages
This chapter introduces you to the windows and tools youll use in Pages.
When you create a Pages document, you must first select a template to start from. Pick the one that best fits your purpose and design goals. If you want to start from a plain document, without a lot of pre-formatting, use the Blank template. You can drag or place objects on a page, including imported graphics, movies, and sound, or text boxes, charts, tables, and shapes that you create within Pages. New pages are added automatically as you type into your document. You can also add preformatted pages, before or after existing pages, by selecting from those available in each template. For more information about this, see Expanding the Template by Adding Pages on page 31. In Pages templates, pages contain text and image placeholders, which demonstrate the look of the finished document. You can replace the placeholder text with your own text by just typing. You can replace placeholder images by dragging an image to the placeholder. For more information about working with placeholder text and images, see Step 2: Add Text on page 32, and Step 5: Save and Share Your Document on page 45.
15
Customize the toolbar to include the tools you use most often.
Image placeholders indicate the size and placement of graphics in a document template. Text boxes contain text that floats outside, over, or under the main text area. Placeholder text indicates where you should enter text.
The Page View control lets you zoom in or out so you can see your document larger or smaller on the screen.
The Pages window displays the document you are working in. You can drag graphics files, movie files, and sound files to the window to add them to your document. As you work on your document, you may want to zoom in or out to get a better view of what you are doing.
16
To zoom in or out of the document, do one of the following: Choose View > Zoom > [zoom level]. Click the Page View control in the bottom left corner of the window, and choose a magnification level from the pop-up menu.
One Up presents the pages in a linear flow. Two Up presents two pages side-by-side on the screen. Fit Width changes the document to the width of the window. You can stretch the Pages window to fill your screen, or make it short or narrow. Fit Page fits a full, single document page to fill the window on your screen.
Layout View
In layout view you can see the outlines of the different text areas of your document, including headers, footers, fixed text boxes, column widths, and the document body the main area of text in the document. With layout view turned on, document rulers and alignment guides become visible. To see layout view: m Choose View > Show Layout. When you type in the document body, the text automatically flows onto the next page. Other text areas, such as headers, footers, and text boxes, do not expand onto subsequent pages; they remain a fixed size and width.
17
In the following example, you can see the page layout includes two columns at the top, two layout breaks, and then three columns, an inline image, and the footer area.
Two text columns
An inline image
Placeholder Text Placeholder text indicates where text goes and how its formatted in a template. A new template will contain placeholder text, placeholder images, background images, or other items that represent elements of the finished document. If you click the placeholder text, the entire text area is selected. When you begin typing, the placeholder text disappears and is replaced by what you type. Image Placeholders Similar to placeholder text, image placeholders are intended to indicate the size and placement of graphics in a template. If you click one, selection handles appear. Drag your own image to the placeholder to replace it. Master Objects Some objects appear on every page of a document as the document grows. These objects are called master objects. If you cannot select an object in a template, its probably a master object. To learn more, see Adding a Repeated Background Image on page 101.
18
To change the color of formatting characters: m Choose Pages > Preferences, click the Invisibles color box, and then select a color.
19
20
Rulers help you set margins and tabs where you want them.
Blue icons on the top ruler indicate text indents and tab settings. Drag them to reset the position of text.
Gray rectangles below the rulers indicate column margins. Drag them to change the column gutter widths.
Alignment guides help you precisely position objects on the page. (Here the alignment guides are blue.)
21
Select a list style to apply it to selected paragraph text. Click to show and hide list and character styles in the drawer. Press and choose an option to create a new style.
Pages Tools
The Toolbar
The Pages toolbar gives you one-click access to many of the actions youll use when creating documents in Pages. As you work in Pages and get to know which commands you use most often, you can add, remove, and rearrange toolbar buttons to suit your working style. The default set of toolbar buttons is shown below.
22
Add pre-formatted pages to your document. Add text boxes, shapes, tables, and charts. Change how text flows around objects.
Apply styles to text and lists. Create column layouts on the fly.
Open the Inspector window, Media Browser, Colors window, and Font panel.
To customize the toolbar: 1 Choose View > Customize Toolbar. 2 To add an item to the toolbar, drag its icon to the toolbar at the top. 3 To remove an item from the toolbar, drag it out of the toolbar. 4 To rearrange items in the toolbar, drag them. 5 To make the toolbar icons smaller, select Use Small Size. 6 To display only icons or only text, choose an option from the Show pop-up menu. If you frequently reconfigure the toolbar, you can add the Customize button to it. Note: You can restore the default set of toolbar buttons by dragging the default set to the toolbar. To learn what a button in the Customize dialog does, drag it to the toolbar and then place the pointer over it until a help tag appears.
23
To open an Inspector window: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar).
The buttons at the top of the Inspector window open the ten inspectors: Document, Layout, Wrap, Text, Graphic, Metrics, Table, Chart, Link, and QuickTime.
Click one of the buttons at the top to display its inspector pane. Clicking the fourth button from the left, for example, displays the Text Inspector. You can have several Inspector windows open at the same time. To open another Inspector window: m Choose View > New Inspector (or press the Option key while clicking Inspector in the toolbar).
24
Shortcuts
You can use the keyboard to perform many of the Pages menu commands and tasks. A comprehensive list of keyboard shortcuts is available in onscreen help. To see the list of keyboard shortcuts: m In Pages, choose Help > Pages Keyboard Shortcuts. Many commands are also available in shortcut menus that you can access directly from the object you are working with. To open a shortcut menu: m Press the Control key while you click an object. Shortcut menus are especially useful for working with tables and charts.
25
Does the document need a landscape or portrait page orientation? Be sure to set this option in the Page Setup dialog before you begin. See Setting Page Orientation and Size on page 91. If you are designing a unique page layout, are the document margins set the way you need? See Setting Page Margins on page 92. Will the document be bound? If so, be aware of how the page numbers, margins, and section breaks will fall on the right- and left-facing pages of your document. See Creating a Document with Left- and Right-Facing Pages on page 96. Will the document be divided into sections with different layouts, page numbering, headers and footers, or design elements? Consider where you might use layout and section breaks. See Adding Headers and Footers, Page Numbers, and Footnotes on page 96. Does the document layout require columns? See Creating Columns on page 92. Will the document be long enough to require a table of contents? If so, be sure to use consistent heading styles throughout the document. See Generating a Table of Contents on page 102.
26
27
This chapter provides basic information to get you started working with Pages. It also explains how you can use the Pages templates to easily create your own professional-looking, creatively designed documents.
Before you begin creating a new Pages document, consider how it will be used. If your document will be printed, what size of paper will you need? Which page orientation (portrait or landscape)? And how will it be folded? It also helps to consider whether it will be a long document, requiring a table of contents and page numbering. Knowing these document requirements will help you choose the right template and set it up correctly before you begin.
29
By using a template with text or image placeholders, you can easily create a professional-looking document, such as a school report, business letter, newsletter, or brochure, without having to do all the design work. Each template includes preset styles for titles, headings, tables, footnotes, bullets, and other formatting features. If you dont see the Template Chooser when you first open Pages, you can make it appear by setting a preference in Pages Preferences. You can also set Pages to automatically open a Blank document or the document template of your choice every time you open it. To make the Template Chooser appear, or set the default template for new documents: m Choose Pages > Preferences, and then select one of the following: To make the Template Chooser always appear when you open Pages, select For New Documents: Show Template Chooser dialog.
30
To make Pages always open the same type of document when you open it, select For New Documents: Use template: [template name], and then click Choose. Select a template name, and then click Choose. When you have selected a template, a document opens on your screen.
The new page is added immediately after the page where you placed the insertion point.
31
When you type, the placeholder text disappears and is replaced by whatever text you are typing. The text you type behaves like regular text. Text Boxes Some placeholder text is contained in text boxes or table cells to preserve formatting. When you click placeholder text thats in a text box, a rectangular, gray border appears around it.
Gray text box border: The border appears when you select the text box.
32
To select the placeholder text inside a text box: m Click once to select the text box, and then double-click to select the text inside the box. Usually, text box borders are only visible when the text box or the text inside is selected, or when you have layout view turned on. To learn how to change the look of text boxes, see Creating Callouts, Sidebars, and Highlighted Text on page 65. Tables Some tables contain placeholder text. When you select text thats inside a table cell, a yellow rectangle appears around it.
Individual table cell selected for editing
To select the placeholder text inside a table: 1 Click once to select the table, and then click once to select an individual cell. The text inside the cell is selected for editing when you select the individual cell. You can tell its placeholder text if it gets a blue highlight; otherwise, its regular text. 2 Press Tab to move to the next cell, or Shift-Tab to move to the previous cell. To learn more about working with tables or changing their look, see Chapter 8, Creating Tables. Important: Text boxes and tables that contain placeholder text are part of the templates default design. To preserve the design, be careful not to press Delete after you select the text box or table. Pressing Delete will remove the selected object from the page. If you accidentally delete a text box or table, you can immediately recover it by choosing Edit > Undo Delete (or pressing Command-Z). In general, if you make a mistake or change your mind about something youve done, you can immediately undo your last action by using the Undo command. Columns Occasionally, templates may contain placeholder text formatted in columns. It may be easier to work with text columns if the document layout is visible, but you can also hide the layout to see how the finished document will appear.
33
To show or hide the document layout: m Choose View > Show Layout or Hide Layout. It may also help to see other formatting characters (invisibles) as you work, such as tabs and paragraph breaks. To show or hide invisibles: m Choose View > Show Invisibles or Hide Invisibles.
34
When you add an object to your document, you can either place it in a fixed position on the page (called a fixed object), so that the text flows around it as you type; or anchor it to the text (called an inline object), so that it moves with the text around it. If you create a fixed object, you can adjust how tightly you want the text to flow around it by adjusting the text wrap. To learn more about fixed versus inline objects, see Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects on page 105. For more information about text wrapping, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 118. To add an image in line with the text: m Place the insertion point where you want the image to appear, and then choose Insert > Choose. Select the graphic file and click Insert. m Drag an image from the iPhoto pane of the Media Browser to the position you want it to appear in the text flow. As you drag the image over the text, the insertion point indicates where the image will appear if you drop it. m Drag an image from the Finder to the position you want it to appear in the text flow. As you drag the image over the text, the insertion point indicates where the image will appear if you drop it. To add a fixed image: m Click outside the text areas in the document so that no insertion point is visible, choose Insert > Choose, and then select the graphic file and click Insert. m Drag an image from the iPhoto pane of the Media Browser to an area in your document that doesnt contain text. m Drag an image from the Finder to an area in your document that doesnt contain text. Images can be cropped, resized, and rotated. They can also be grouped, which makes it easy to reposition several graphics that you want to keep together. You can also layer graphics, adjust their opacity, and add shadows to create interesting visual effects. Fixed images can also be masked (cropped) so that only part of the image is visible on the page. For more information about working with images, see Chapter 6, Working With Graphics and Other Media. To learn about adjusting shadows and opacity, see Chapter 7, Changing Object Properties. To learn about adding simple shapes, tables, and charts, see Adding Simple Shapes, Tables, and Charts on page 108.
35
36
Alignment Guides As you move fixed text boxes and graphics around in the document, blue alignment guides appear to help you center and align objects on the page. They appear whenever the center or edge of an object aligns with the center or edge of another object, or with the center of the page, depending upon your preferences. You can create your own alignment guides to help you align objects precisely on a page. Alignment guides (even those you create) dont appear when you print your document; they are visible only when you are editing a document. To place alignment guides on a page: 1 Choose View > Show Rulers to make the rulers appear at the top and left side of the page. 2 Click outside any areas of the page so that the insertion point is not visible. 3 Place the pointer over a ruler and drag onto the page. A blue alignment guide appears. 4 Drag the guide wherever you want it on the page. To remove alignment guides that you have placed on a page: m Drag the alignment guide off the edge of the page. If alignment guides are getting in the way as you work, you can temporarily hide them. To temporarily hide alignment guides: m Hold down the Command key while dragging an object. You can turn alignment guides and size and position tags on or off in Pages Preferences. You can also make alignment guides appear only when object edges are aligned, or only when object centers are aligned. When you change alignment guide and tag settings in Pages Preferences, the new settings apply to all documents viewed in Pages, until you change the settings again. To change the behavior of alignment guides and tags displayed when you move objects: 1 Choose Pages > Preferences. 2 To turn off size and position tags, deselect Editing: Show size and position when moving objects.
37
3 To turn off the guides that appear when an objects center aligns with another object or the center of the page, deselect Alignment Guides: Show guides at object center. 4 To turn on the alignment guides that appear when an objects edges align with another object or the center of the page, select Alignment Guides: Show guides at object edges. To change the color of alignment guides: m In Pages Preferences, click the Alignment Guides color well and select a color in the Colors window.
38
39
To find or find and replace a word in your document: 1 Choose Edit > Find > Find Panel. 2 Type the word in the Find field. 3 If you want to replace the word with another, type the new word in the Replace field. 4 Depending on how cautious you want to be, do one of the following: Click Next or Previous to highlight the next or previous instance of the word. Continue clicking Next or Previous until you locate the instance you are looking for. Click Replace to replace the highlighted instance of the word with the new word, and then click Next or Previous to find the next instance. Click Replace & Find to replace the highlighted instance of the word and find the next one. Click Replace All to replace all the instances of the word with the new one. 5 To close the Find & Replace window when you are finished, click the Close button in the upper-left corner. If you want to find or replace an entire phrase or other specific cases of a word, you can use the Advanced pane of the Find & Replace window.
40
To replace a word or phrase using the advanced search features: 1 Choose Edit > Find > Find Panel, and then click Advanced.
Choose to search the entire document or only the main body text. Choose the paragraph style where the text appears.
Select to make the search case-specific. Select to find whole words only. Choose the paragraph style the new text should have.
Search backward or forward through the document. Select to search the document to the end and then start from the beginning.
2 Type the text or phrase in the Find field. 3 If you only want to find the text where it appears in a particular paragraph style (for example, Heading 1 style) choose the style from the Style pop-up menu. (For information about styles, see Chapter 4, Working With Styles.) 4 Choose Entire Document from the In pop-up menu if you want to search the whole document, including headers, footers, and text boxes; choose Main Text Body if you only want to search the main body text area of the document.
41
5 Select Match case if you only want to find instances of the text with the same capitalization that you specified in the Find field; otherwise, the search will not take capitalization into account. 6 Select Whole words if you only want to find instances where the text appears as a separate word; otherwise, results will include instances of this text that appear within words. 7 If you want to replace the text with a new word or phrase, type it in the Replace field. 8 If you want to change the paragraph style of the new word or phrase, choose a style from the Style pop-up menu. 9 Depending on how cautious you want to be, do one of the following: Click Next or Previous to highlight the next or previous instance of the text. Continue clicking Next or Previous until you locate the instance you are looking for. Click Replace to replace the highlighted instance of the text with the new text, and then click Next or Previous to find the next instance. Click Replace & Find to replace the highlighted instance of the text and find the next one. Click Replace All to replace all instances of the text with the new word or phrase. 10 To close the Find & Replace window when you are finished, click the Close button in the upper-left corner. If you frequently use the Find & Replace window, you can add the Find button to the Pages toolbar to make it available with a single click. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22.
42
To get a list of spelling suggestions: 1 Hold down the Control key and click the misspelled word. A list of optional spellings appears (a word may generate no optional spellings if it cannot be recognized at all). 2 Choose the correct spelling if you see it in the list. If you know you have spelled the word correctly, and you want to add it to the spelling dictionary used for all documents, choose Learn Spelling from the pop-up list. If you dont want this word to be flagged as misspelled, but you dont want to add it to the spelling dictionary used for all documents, choose Ignore Spelling from the pop-up list. Once you correct the misspelled word, the red line disappears. To check spelling in your document one word at a time: m Place the cursor in a word you want to check, or anywhere in the document, and then do one of the following: Choose Edit > Spelling > Check Spelling. The spell-checker begins checking the spelling of each word in your document, beginning wherever you placed your cursor. The first misspelled word found is highlighted. You can correct it or choose the same menu command again, to continue checking the document. To go through the document more quickly, press Command-semicolon (;) to continue checking the document. Choose Edit > Spelling > Spelling. The Spelling window opens with a list of suggested spellings. If you dont see any that look correct, you can retype the word and click Guess to see a new list of suggestions. Select one and click Correct to apply it to the misspelled word. Click Find Next to go to the next misspelled word. Use the Dictionary pop-up menu in the Spelling window to use a different language dictionary for a selected word. Changing the dictionary in the Spelling window does not change the dictionary for the entire document, but only for individual words.
43
The misspelled word from the document appears here. You can retype it here to look for more suggested spellings. Select from the list of suggested spellings. You can correct or ignore the mispelled word and then find the next misspelling, or retype the word and click Guess for a new list of suggestions. Choose a different language dictionary for a selected word, if you need to. Add or delete the selected word from the dictionary. Choose Entire Document if you want to spellcheck headers, footers, and callouts, too.
If you frequently use the Spelling window, you can add the Spelling button to the Pages toolbar to make it available with a single click. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. To turn the spell-checker off: m Choose Edit > Spelling > Check Spelling as You Type to deselect it (make sure the checkmark is not visible next to the menu command).
44
45
As you work on your document, you can save it frequently by pressing Command-S. You can also save a backup copy of the last saved version of your document. This way, if you change your mind about edits that you have made, you can go back to the previous version of the document that you have saved. To save a backup copy of your document: m Choose Pages > Preferences, and select the checkbox labeled Back up previous version when saving. When you save the document, the previous version is saved in the same location as the document with the words Backup of preceding the filename. Only one version the last saved versionis backed up. To save a version of your document with a different name or in a different location: 1 Choose File > Save As. 2 Type a name for your document. 3 Select a location to save the document. If you cannot navigate to your desired location, click the arrow button next to the Save As field, and then find the location you want. 4 Click Save. You can print all or part of your document. You can also see a preview of what your document will look like before you print it. This is a good way of double-checking that all the text and graphics fall within the printed area of the page. To see a print preview: m Choose File > Print, and then click the Preview button in the Print dialog. To print your document: 1 Choose File > Print. 2 Enter the number of copies you want, if you want multiple copies of the document; or select From and enter a page range to print only part of the document. 3 Click Print. If you print frequently, you can add the Print button to the Pages toolbar. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. For more information about printing, see Printing Your Document on page 169.
46
This chapter describes in detail how to modify the appearance of text characters and paragraphs, including creating lists and highlighting sections of text.
Formatting Text Size and Appearance
You can do all text formatting using the Pages menus and the Inspector window, or the Font panel. You can do basic text formatting using the commands in the Pages menus. The items in the Font submenu of the Format menu allow you to make text: Bold or italic Underlined or outlined Bigger or smaller More tightly or loosely spaced Superscript or subscript To make selected text bold, italic, underlined, outlined, bigger, or smaller: m Choose Format > Font > [Bold, Italics, Underline, Outline, Bigger, or Smaller]. To make selected text a superscript or subscript: m Choose Format > Font > Baseline > [Use Default, Superscript, Subscript]. To make selected text all uppercase: m Choose Format > Font > Capitalization > [None, All Caps, Small Caps]. You can also do several of these tasks with a single click using toolbar buttons. You can add the following buttons to the Pages toolbar: Superscript: Click to make selected text superscript. Subscript: Click to make selected text subscript.
47
Smaller: Click repeatedly to make selected text smaller. Bigger: Click repeatedly to make selected text larger. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. If you want to change to a different font, or if you frequently change text formatting, it may be easier to use the Font panel and Text Inspector to format text. These tools are described in the following sections. You can also create engaging visual effects with text by changing its shadow color, opacity, and orientation on the page. To learn more about these options, see Chapter 7, Changing Object Properties.
48
Create interesting text effects using these buttons. Select a font size to apply it to selected text in your document.
You can change the appearance of any text in your document by selecting it and then selecting options in the Font panel. When you make formatting changes in the Font panel, the selected text changes right away, so you can try different formatting options and quickly see what looks best. To change the look and size of text: 1 In the Font panel, select a font style in the Family column and then select the typeface in the Typeface column. If you don't see all the font families you know are installed on your computer, select All Fonts in the Collections column or type the name of the font you are looking for in the search field at the bottom of the Font panel. A preview of the selected font appears in the preview pane at the top of the Font panel. If you don't see a preview pane, choose Show Preview from the Action pop-up menu in the lower-left corner of the Font panel.
49
Note: If you have too many fonts to wade through to find the few you use often, you can organize them into font collections by clicking the Add (+) button to create a font collection, and then dragging a typeface into the new collection. Also, if you need to switch fonts often, you can leave the Font panel open. If it takes up too much space on your screen, you can shrink it by dragging its resize control (the bottom-right corner of the panel), so that only the font families and typefaces in your selected font collection are visible. To close it, choose Format > Font > Hide Fonts, or click the Fonts button again. 2 Adjust the font size using the size slider or pop-up menu. 3 Adjust the typography settings of the selected font by choosing Typography from the Action pop-up menu. In the Typography window, click the disclosure triangles to see and select the different typography effects that are available for the selected font. Different fonts have different typography effects available. To modify underlining of selected text: 1 Click the Text Underline button in the Font panel (the first button on the left), and choose None, Single, or Double from the pop-up menu. 2 To change the underline color, choose Color from the Text Underline pop-up menu, and then select a color in the Colors window. To modify strikethrough lines of selected text: 1 Click the Text Strikethrough button in the Font panel (the second button from the left), and choose None, Single, or Double from the pop-up menu. 2 To change the strikethrough color, choose Color from the Text Strikethrough pop-up menu, and then select a color in the Colors window. To modify the color of selected text: m Click the Text Color pop-up menu in the Font panel (the third button from the left), and then select a color in the Colors window. Note: You can also modify text color in the Text Inspector, as described in Setting Text Color in the Text Inspector on page 57.
50
To modify the background color of a selected paragraph: m Click the Document Color button in the Font panel (the fourth button from the left), and then select a color in the Colors window. Note: You can also modify paragraph background color in the Text Inspector, as described in Setting Paragraph Fill Colors on page 67. To create shadows on selected text: 1 Click the Text Shadow button in the Font panel (the fifth button from the left). 2 Drag the Shadow Opacity slider (the first slider on the left) to the right to make the shadow darker. 3 Drag the Shadow Blur slider (the middle slider) to the right to make the shadow more diffuse. 4 Drag the Shadow Offset slider (the third slider) to the right to separate the shadow from the text. 5 Rotate the Shadow Angle wheel to set the direction of the shadow. Note: You can also set text shadows in the Graphic Inspector, as described in Adding Shadows on page 133. Accents and Special Characters If you need to type characters with accent marks (such as ), mathematical symbols, arrows, or other special characters, you can use the International preferences pane or the Character Palette. You can also see where characters are located on keyboards used for other languages by using the Keyboard Viewer (for example, you can see how the keys on an Italian keyboard are laid out). All of these are built-in tools of Mac OS X. To add accent marks to characters: 1 Choose Apple > System Preferences and click International. 2 Click Input Menu, then select the checkbox next to Keyboard Viewer. 3 Choose Show Keyboard Viewer from the Input menu on the right side of the menu bar (the one that looks like a flag or alphabetical symbol). The Keyboard Viewer shows the characters for your keyboard. (If you've selected a different keyboard layout or input method in the Input menu, it shows the characters for the selected keyboard layout). For example, if U.S. is chosen in the Input menu, you see the characters that appear on a U.S. keyboard in the Keyboard Viewer.
51
4 To see the different accent marks that you can type highlighted in the Keyboard Viewer, press Option, or the Option and Shift keys. The accent mark keys appear with white outlines. Depending on your keyboard, you may not need to press any of the modifier keys to see the accent keys. 5 Place the insertion point in your document where you want to type. 6 Press the modifier key you pressed in step 4 (Shift, Option, Option-Shift, or none) and press the key on your keyboard that is in the same place as the accent you see in the Keyboard Viewer. Then release the modifier key and press the key for the character you want to accent. The accent key modifies the key you type next. For example, on a U.S. keyboard, to make the appear, press Option and E (the accent key), then press E (the key on which you want that accent to appear). To see keyboard layouts for other languages: 1 Choose Apple > System Preferences and click International. 2 Click Input Menu, then select the checkbox next to Keyboard Viewer. 3 To see the character layout on keyboards used in different countries, select the On checkbox next to the country's keyboard layout or input method. Note: You must have fonts installed for the language you want to see in the Keyboard Viewer. 4 Choose Show Keyboard Viewer from the Input menu on the right side of the menu bar (the one that looks like a flag or alphabetical character). The Keyboard Viewer shows the characters for the keyboard layout or input method selected in the Input menu. For example, if U.S. is chosen in the input menu, you see the characters that appear on a U.S. keyboard in the Keyboard Viewer. 5 To see the keyboard layout for a different country, choose its keyboard layout from the Input menu. To type special characters and symbols: 1 Place the insertion point where you want the special character or symbol to appear. 2 Choose Edit > Special Characters to open the Character Palette (or choose Characters from the Action pop-up menu in the lower-left corner of the Font panel). 3 Choose the type of characters you want to see from the View pop-up menu at the top of the Character Palette.
52
If you don't see the View menu, click the button in the upper-right corner of the window to show the top portion of the window. Click this button again to hide the top portion of the window.
Select a character category.
Select a symbol.
4 Click an item in the list on the left to see the characters that are available in each category. 5 Double-click the character or symbol on the right that you want to insert into your document, or select the character and click Insert. If the character or symbol has variations, they appear at the bottom of the window; double-click one to insert it in your document. You can also turn on smart quotes in your document, so that beginning and end quotes are not identical. To use smart quotes: m Choose Pages > Preferences, and select the checkbox labeled Use smart quotes.
53
Advanced Typography Features Some fonts, such as Zapfino and Hoefler, have advanced typography features, which let you create different effects. If you are using a font that has different typography effects available, you can change many of them in the Font submenu of the Format menu. For example, you may be able to adjust the following: Tracking: Place characters closer together or farther apart Ligature: Use or leave out stylish flourishes between letters or at the end or beginning of lines Baseline: Move text higher or lower than the text around it Capitalization: Convert all characters to capital or small capital letters More advanced typography features are available in the Typography window. To open the Typography window: m In the Font panel, choose Typography from the Action pop-up menu (in the lower-left corner).
54
55
To open the Text pane of the Text Inspector: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar). 2 Click the Text Inspector button, and then click Text. To align text left, center, right, or justified: 1 Place the cursor in the paragraph you want to change, or select several paragraphs. 2 Click the horizontal alignment buttons at the top of the Text Inspector. You can align text in a fixed text box to the left, right, center, or justified (aligned to both the right and left edges). Text in a fixed text box, table cell, or shape can also grow from the top, center, or bottom of the text area. To grow text from the top, center, or bottom of a text box, table cell, or shape: 1 Select the text box, table cell, or shape you want to change. 2 Click the vertical alignment buttons at the top of the Text Inspector. To adjust the spacing between lines of text in a paragraph: 1 Place the cursor in the paragraph you want to change, or select several paragraphs. 2 In the Text Inspector, drag the Line slider to adjust the line spacing. Dragging the slider to the left brings the selected lines closer together; dragging it to the right moves them farther apart. You can also choose Single, Double, or Multiple from the Line Spacing pop-up menu. Choosing Multiple lets you set line spacing values between single and double, or greater than double. To set precise point values for spacing between the lines of text in a paragraph: 1 Place the cursor in the paragraph you want to change, or select multiple paragraphs. 2 In the Text Inspector, choose a standard line spacing (Single, Double, Multiple), or At Least or Between from the Line Spacing pop-up menu (beneath the Line field).
Click the text beneath the Line Spacing field and choose a line spacing option.
56
Standard line spacing: The space between lines is proportional to font size. Use this when the relative distance between ascenders (parts of letters that extend to the top of the line) and descenders (parts of letters that extend below the line) should remain fixed. At Least: The distance from one line to the next will never be less than the value you set, but it may be larger for larger fonts in order to prevent overlapping text lines. Use this when the distance between lines should remain fixed, but overlap is not desired if the text should get large. Between: The value you set is added to (or subtracted from) the font size. As font size changes, the distance between lines changes, too. Use this to set a specific distance between ascenders and descenders, regardless of font size. 3 Type a point value in the Line field, or click the up or down arrows next to the field. To adjust the amount of space before or after a paragraph: 1 Place the cursor in the paragraph you want to change, or select several paragraphs. 2 In the Text Inspector, drag the Before Paragraph or After Paragraph slider. You can also type a specific amount (5 points, for example) in the text box. Note: Spacing before a paragraph does not appear if the paragraph is the first one following a layout break, or if its the first paragraph in a text box, shape, or table cell. Spacing after a paragraph does not appear if its the last paragraph before a layout break. To set spacing around text in boxes, shapes, and table cells, use the Inset Margin control, described in Formatting a Text Box or Shape on page 69. To adjust the amount of space between characters: 1 Place the cursor in the word you want to change, or select a block of text. 2 In the Text Inspector, drag the Character slider. Dragging the slider to the left brings the letters closer together; dragging it to the right moves them farther apart. Setting Text Color in the Text Inspector You can also use the Text pane of the Text Inspector to change text color. Changes made to text color in the Text Inspector will override text color changes made in the Font panel, and vice versa. (To read about the Font panel, see Using the Font Panel to Format Text on page 48.)
57
To change text color: 1 Select the word or words you want to change. 2 In the Text Inspector, click the color well. 3 In the Colors window, select a color. To read about using the Colors window, see Using Color and Image Fills on page 127
You can place tab stops where you want them in the document body or in text boxes. To set a new tab stop: m Click the horizontal ruler where you want to set the tab stop. To change the tabs: 1 Select the text you want to adjust. 2 On the horizontal ruler, drag the blue tab icons to change the location of the tab stops.
58
To change a tab to a different type: m Control-click the tab icon and choose an option from the shortcut menu. Or doubleclick the tab icon in the ruler repeatedly until the type of tab you want appears.
Choose from among these tab types.
Here is a description of what each tab type does: Left Tab: Aligns the left side of text with the tab stop Center Tab: Places the center of text at the tab stop Right Tab: Aligns the right side of text with the tab stop Decimal Tab: For numbers, aligns the decimal point with the tab stop (You can set a different text character to serve as the decimal tab character; see Setting Tab Stops Using the Text Inspector below.) To delete a tab from the ruler: m Drag it off the ruler.
59
Set how far you want the first line of each paragraph to indent. If you want to indent a paragraph relative to the page margins, specify how far to indent it. Set the default distance between tabs. Type a new character to change the decimal tab character. For a tab stop selected in the Tab Stops column, select how you want the text to align. Choose a leader line for any tab stop selected in the Tab Stops paragraph. Add or remove tab stops from the column.
To change how far apart tabs are by default: m In the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector, type a value in the Default Tabs field. To create new tab stops: 1 Place the insertion point in the paragraph (or on the first line) where you want to set the tab stops. 2 Click the Add (+) button in the bottom-left corner of the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector. A tab stop setting appears in the Tab Stops column. 3 To change tab spacing, double-click the tab stop in the column and type a new value. 4 With the tab stop selected, select how you want text to align at the tab stop (Left, Center, Right, or Decimal Alignment).
60
5 If you want to add a dashed or dotted line to the tab, choose a line style (or choose None) from the Leader pop-up menu. To use a different decimal tab character for the document: m Type a new character in the Decimal Tab Character field. To delete a tab stop: m Select it in the Tab Stops column, and click the Delete (-) button.
61
Left indent
Right indent
3 To change the left margin, drag the left indent icon (downward blue triangle on the left side of the ruler) to where you want the left edge of the body text to begin. To change the left margin independently from the paragraph indent, hold down the Option key as you drag. 4 To change the first line indent, drag the first line indent (blue rectangle) to where you want the first line to start. If you want the first line to remain flush with the left margin, make sure the rectangle aligns with the left indent icon. If you want to create a hanging indent, drag the rectangle to the left of the left indent icon.
62
You can also choose a list style in the Styles drawer. Choose View > Show Styles Drawer, then select the list style you want. (If you dont see list styles in the Styles drawer, click the button in the lower-right corner of the drawer to make them appear.) Each template may have different list styles. Most templates provide at least the following list styles for simple bulleted or numbered lists: Bullet: Provides basic, round bullets Numbered List: Uses Arabic numerals 3 Type your text, pressing Return wherever you want to begin a new bulleted (or numbered) line. 4 To include subtext under a bulleted or numbered point, press Shift-Return (called a line break) to start the next line without bulleting or numbering it. Press Return again at the end of the line to return to a new bulleted or numbered line. 5 When you are finished typing your list, click List in the toolbar and choose None, or click None in the Styles drawer. You can create your own list styles using other text or image bullets provided by Pages, or using your own image as a bullet. Numbered lists can also have varied numbering styles, or use letters instead. To learn about modifying or creating your own list style, see Modifying and Creating New List Styles on page 83.
63
4 To return to the previous list indent level, choose Format > Text > Decrease List Indent Level (or click the left Indent Level arrow in the List tab of the Text Inspector). Note: To quickly indent selected text to a higher or lower indent level, you can use keyboard shortcuts: Command-right bracket (]): Increases the indent level of selected text Command-left bracket ([): Decreases the indent level of selected text You can also add the following buttons to the Pages toolbar: Increase: Increases the indent level of selected text Decrease: Decreases the indent level of selected text To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. 5 To include subtext under an outline point, press Shift-Return to start the next line without numbering it. Press Return again at the end of the line to start a new numbered line. Note: If you type regular body text paragraphs between outline points, or add or delete text between outline points, and the numbering gets lost, select the text with incorrect numbering, and then select Continue from previous in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector to make the numbering flow continuously. If you need discontinuous numbering, select Start at and type the number where you want the numbering to begin, and then press Return. For more information, see Modifying and Creating New List Styles on page 83. 6 To return to regular paragraph text at the end of your list, click List in the toolbar and choose None, or select None in the Styles drawer. If the text insertion point is indented, press Command-left bracket ([) to return to indent level 1, where you can begin typing the regular paragraph text.
64
65
If you have copied some text from your document that you want to place inside a text box, you can create one on the fly. To create a text box with text copied from your document: 1 Select the text you want, and then choose Edit > Copy. 2 Click anywhere outside the text areas of the document, and then choose Edit > Paste. A text box is created, which you can format the way you want. Linked Text Boxes If the text you type doesnt fit in a fixed text box, you can create a linked text box so that the text flows from one text box to another. Whenever you edit or format the text in the first text box, the linked text box is also affected. Linked text boxes can be positioned separate from each other in the document. To make a linked text box: 1 Create a fixed text box as described above (see To add a fixed text box: on page 65). 2 Position and resize the text box as you want, and then type text in it. When the text box is too full, press Command-Return to select it. A clipping indicator appears at the bottom of the text box, indicating that the text extends beyond the bottom of the box.
An open blue square on the left indicates there are no text boxes linked before this one. An open blue square on the right indicates there are no text boxes linked after this one. Click it to create a linked text box.
A clipping indicator shows the text extends beyond the text box.
3 Click the blue square on the right side of the box to create a linked text box.
66
The new text box has a solid blue square on its left side. This indicates that this text box is linked to a previous one.
A filled blue square on the right indicates this text box is linked before another one.
An open blue square indicates this text box is the last in this series. A filled blue square on the left indicates this text box is linked to a previous one.
4 Drag the text boxes to reposition them. The flow of the text inside the boxes always follows the order in which the boxes were created, regardless of where you position them in the document. To move linked text boxes: 1 Select all of them, then choose Edit > Copy. 2 Select the destination point and choose Edit > Paste. Note: If you copy and paste a single linked box, you will create a single unlinked text box, identical to the one you copied. To select only the text in all the linked text boxes: m Select text in the first box, and then press Command-A.
67
To place a paragraph fill color behind text: 1 Select the paragraph or paragraphs to which you want to add the fill color. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), click the Text Inspector button, and then click More. 3 In the More pane of the Text Inspector, select the Paragraph Fill checkbox to place a fill color behind the text.
Select to place a fill color behind text. Select a fill color.
4 Click the Fill color well and select a color in the Colors window (for information about the Colors window, see Using Color and Image Fills on page 127).
The clipping indicator shows the text extends beyond the borders of a shape.
3 To resize the shape, select it and drag the selection handles. (If the insertion point is inside the shape, press Command-Return to get out of text editing mode and select the shape.) You can format the text within a shape, but you cannot link shapes.
68
69
This chapter explains how to apply paragraph, character, and list styles to quickly and consistently change the appearance of text. It also describes how to modify existing styles, or create your own.
As you write and format your document, you may want to create different looks for different types of text and paragraphs and use them consistently throughout your document. For example, you may want to have all top-level headings use the same font, color, and line spacing, or you may want all callout text or photo captions to have the same look. Applying consistent styles is also important if youre creating a table of contents (to learn more about creating a table of contents, see Generating a Table of Contents on page 102). The simplest way to make sure that text styles are consistently used is to create styles, which you can then apply to any text as you work. Templates include a variety of styles that are suited to the type of document you are working in. The style names, such as Heading, Body, or Caption, suggest where the style should be used. If you are using a template, you can apply the preset styles where you need them.
71
When you import a document from Microsoft Word, any styles it contains are imported into the Pages document and can then be used like any other styles created within Pages.
72
Applying Styles
The easiest way to apply paragraph and list styles is to use the Style and List buttons in the Pages toolbar. To apply character styles, use the Styles drawer. You can add the Character button to the toolbar to make it possible to add or change character styles from the Pages toolbar. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. To apply a style to a paragraph: m Select the paragraph or paragraphs you want to change, or select an entire text box or shape that contains text. Then do one of the following: Click the Style button in the toolbar and choose the style you want to apply. Choose View > Show Styles Drawer to open the Styles drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). In the Styles drawer, select the style you want to apply.
To apply a character style: 1 Select the word or words you want to change. 2 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer to open the Styles drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). 3 In the Styles drawer, select the character style you want to apply. If you dont see character styles, click the button in the bottom-right corner.
73
You can add the Character button to the toolbar and use it to quickly change character styles. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. To apply a list style: 1 Place the cursor wherever you want to begin typing your list, and then do one of the following: Click the List button in the toolbar and choose the style you want to apply. Choose View > Show Styles Drawer to open the Styles drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). In the Styles drawer, select the list style you want to apply. If you dont see the list styles, click the button in the bottomright corner. 2 Type your list, pressing Return to begin each new bulleted or numbered point.
74
5 Click OK. Imported styles will be available via the Style pop-up menu in the toolbar and the Styles drawer of your document.
Style Overrides
When you make changes to individual text attributesfor example, using the font command in the Format menu to apply italics to a paragraph of text formatted with Body stylewithout selecting a new style, you have created a style override. That is, the text remains formatted in its original style (Body), but you have applied changes (italics) on top of the default style attributes. When you select text to which you have applied style overrides, the arrow next to the style name in the Styles drawer is red. (The arrow next to a paragraph style name also appears red if you have selected text with a character or list style applied.)
When the arrow next to a style name is red, it means that you have applied changes to this style in the selected text.
Overrides can occur when you change the font, typeface, size, or color of text, or apply the text formatting options in the Text submenu of the Format menu, in the Font panel, or in the Text Inspector. If you apply style overrides to some text and then change your mind, you can easily return the text to the default attributes of the paragraph style. To remove style overrides: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). 2 Select the text you want to change. 3 In the Styles drawer, click the arrow to the right of the selected style and choose Revert to Original Style (or double-click the style name). The selected text takes on the default attributes of the selected style.
75
76
To modify a paragraph style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). Select the paragraph style that most closely matches the style you want to design, or select Free Form. 2 Type some text and format it to look the way you want. (For information about formatting the look of text, see Formatting Text Size and Appearance on page 47.) 3 Set the text alignment, character and line spacing, and the spacing before and after the paragraph in the Text pane of the Text Inspector. (For more information, see Setting Text Alignment and Spacing on page 54.) 4 If the paragraph style requires special tab stops, set them in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector. (For more information, see Setting Tab Stops to Align Text on page 58.) 5 If you want the paragraph style to be indented relative to the page margins, set the paragraph indents in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector.
Set the first line indent. Set the right indent for the paragraph. Set the left indent for the paragraph.
6 Click More in the Text Inspector to select more formatting options, as described below:
77
Choose a paragraph style to follow the current one when you press Return.
Choose a language for the spelling dictionary to use. Remove automatic hyphenation or ligatures, if they are selected for the document. Set the text above or below the surrounding text. Add a background color to the paragraph.
a Following Paragraph Style: If you want a particular paragraph style to always follow the current style when you press the Return key, choose the style from the pop-up menu. For example, you might create a photo caption style that should always be followed by a byline style. b Pagination & Break: Select how the paragraph can break across pages. You can specify that lines of this paragraph should always stay together on the same page, should stay with the following paragraph, or can only appear at the top of a page. The last two of these are particularly useful for heading styles. Select the checkbox labeled Prevent widow & orphan lines to prevent leaving individual lines on the following or previous pages.
78
c Language: Choose a language from the pop-up menu to specify the language used to spell-check this paragraph. If your document will include quotes or sections in another language, you can specify a language for the spelling dictionary used in those paragraphs. The spelling dictionary determines how words are spelled and hyphenated. d Remove hyphenation for paragraph: Select the checkbox if you want to turn off automatic hyphenation for this paragraph style in a document that has automatic hyphenation turned on. (To turn it on for the document, use the Document Inspector. See page 89.) e Remove ligatures: Select the checkbox if you dont want to use ligatures in this paragraph style in a document that has ligatures turned on. (To turn it on for the document, use the Document Inspector. See page 89. If any text is selected when you remove ligatures, it will be applied to the selected text as a style override, unless you complete step 7, below.) f Baseline Shift: Enter a number in the field. A negative number places the text lower than the surrounding text. A positive number places the text higher than the surrounding text. (If any text is selected when you set the baseline shift, it will be applied to the selected text as a style override, unless you complete step 7, below.) g Paragraph Fill: Select the checkbox and click the color well to make a color background appear behind the paragraph. For instance, you can create a heading style that presents white text against a dark background. The color extends from the left paragraph margin to the right. 7 In the Styles drawer, click the arrow to the right of the paragraph style name, and choose one of the following: a Redefine Style From Selection: Redefines the existing paragraph style for the whole document. If you choose this, your formatting changes will apply to all other instances of this style throughout the document. (But any character styles that have been applied will not be affected.) b Create New Paragraph Style From Selection: This doesnt alter the existing style, but creates a new style based on the formatting choices youve made in the previous steps. If you select this, type a name for the new style, and then click OK.
79
To create a new paragraph style from scratch: 1 Select a paragraph of text. 2 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). In the Styles drawer, select Free Form at the top of the Paragraph Styles list. 3 Format the selected paragraph text so that it looks the way you want. (To learn about formatting text, see Chapter 3, Formatting Text and Paragraphs.) 4 Click the Add (+) button at the bottom of the Styles drawer and choose Create New Paragraph Style From Selection.
5 Type a name for the new style. 6 If you dont want to apply the new style to the selected text, deselect the checkbox labeled Apply this new style on creation. 7 Click OK. Styles you modify or create are available only in the document youre working in. They can be imported into other documents or templates. To learn how, see page 74.
80
To modify a character style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer), and select the character style that most closely matches the style you want to design, or select None. If character styles are not visible in the Styles drawer, click the button with the underlined character in the bottom-right corner of the drawer.
Click to show character styles.
2 Type some text and select a font typeface and size. For more information, see Using the Font Panel to Format Text on page 48. 3 Set the text color. For information about changing the color of text, see Setting Text Color in the Text Inspector on page 57. 4 Set the character spacing. For more information about setting character spacing, see Setting Text Alignment and Spacing on page 54. 5 Set the baseline shift, ligature, and language in the More pane of the Text Inspector. For more information, see Modifying and Creating New Paragraph Styles on page 76. 6 In the Styles drawer, click the arrow to the right of the character style name, and select one of the following: a Redefine Style From Selection: Redefines the existing character style for the whole document. If you choose this, your formatting changes will apply to all other instances of this style throughout the document. b Create New Character Style From Selection: This doesnt alter the existing style, but creates a new style based on the formatting choices in the previous steps. If you select this, you can choose which attributes you want to include as part of the new character style. Click the disclosure triangle below the Name field in the New character style dialog, and then select the attributes you want. Type a name for the new style, and then click OK.
81
Click the disclosure triangle to show character attributes. Select the attributes to include in the new character style.
Click to select only those attributes that override the selected paragraph style.
To create a new character style from scratch: 1 Select some text. 2 Format the selected text so that it looks the way you want. You can set the font, text size, text color, typeface (such as italic or bold), character spacing, and baseline shift. (To learn about formatting text, see Chapter 3, Formatting Text and Paragraphs.) 3 Click the Add (+) button at the bottom of the Styles drawer and choose Create New Character Style From Selection from the pop-up menu. 4 Type a name for the new style. 5 If you want to include only some of the attributes you set in the new character style, click the disclosure triangle below the Name field, and select the attributes you want. 6 If you dont want to apply the new style to the selected text, deselect the checkbox labeled Apply this new style on creation. 7 Click OK.
82
Choose bullets or numbering. Adjust bullet size and position relative to text. Adjust bullet indentation relative to the first paragraph indent. Set the text indent level relative to the bullets. Select an image for image bullets.
83
To modify a bulleted or numbered list style: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer), and select the bulleted or numbered list style that best matches the one you want to design. (Be sure the insertion point is visible on the page in order to select a list style.) If the list styles are not visible in the Styles drawer, click the button with the bulleted list at the bottom of the drawer.
Click to show list styles.
2 Choose one of the following bullet or numbering styles from the Bullets & Numbering pop-up menu in the List pane of the Text Inspector: No Bullet: Choose this if you dont want visible bullets, but you want to be able to specify the amount of indentation for levels in an ordered list. Text Bullet: Choose this to use a text character as the bullet. You can select one from the list or type your own characters in the text field. Some fonts provide symbols that can be used as interesting bullets. To use them, open the Character Palette (choose Format > Font > Show Fonts, then choose Characters from the Action pop-up menu). Select the bullet symbol in the Text Inspector, and then double-click the symbol of your choice in the Character Palette. Then press the Return key.
For text bullets, choose an available character or type a character in the text field.
Image Bullet: Choose this to use one of the available image bullets provided by Pages, and then select one in the list.
84
Custom Image: Choose this to use your own image as a bullet. Use the Open dialog to locate and select the image file you want to use. (To change the image, click Choose or drag a new image into the well.) Number: Choose this to create a numbered list. You must also choose a numbering style. You can choose Arabic or Roman numerals, or letters.
For numbered lists, choose a numbering style. Restart numbering, or continue with previous numbering. Adjust number indentation relative to page margin.
Tiered Numbers: To read about Tiered Numbers, see To modify a tiered list style for ordered lists: on page 86. 3 Format the bullets. a To increase or reduce the size of a bullet, type a number in the Size field. Selecting the Scale with text checkbox maintains the image-to-text size ratio of the bullets even if you later change to the font size. b To position the bullet symbol higher or lower relative to the text, type a number in the Align box (or click the arrows). c To set how far the bullets are indented from the margin, type a number in the Bullet Indent field. A higher number indents the list further to the right. d To set how far text is indented from the bullet, type a number in the Text Indent field. A higher number indents the text further to the right.
85
4 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). Notice that one of the list styles is highlighted. This is the style that has been applied to the selected text. (If the list styles are not visible, click the button in the bottom of the Styles drawer.) The triangle to the right of the style name is red, indicating that you have applied overrides to the style by modifying it.
Click to show list styles.
5 Click the red arrow to the right of the selected style in the Styles drawer and choose one of the following: a Redefine Style From Selection: Redefines the existing list style for the entire document. If you choose this, your formatting changes will apply to all other instances of this style throughout the document. b Create New List Style From Selection: This doesnt alter the existing style, but creates a new style based on your formatting choices. If you select this, type a name for the new style, and then click OK. To modify a tiered list style for ordered lists: 1 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer), and select the ordered list (outline) style that best matches the one you want to design. (Be sure the insertion point is visible on the page in order to select a list style.) 2 Choose Tiered Numbers from the Bullets & Numbering pop-up menu in the List pane of the Text Inspector.
86
Click to advance to the next list indent level. Choose Tiered Numbers to create an ordered list style. For each list indent level, choose a numbering style. For each list indent level, set how far you want to indent the number and its associated text.
3 Choose the numbering or lettering style that you want from the second pop-up menu. 4 Click the right indent level arrow to advance to the second list indent level. 5 Choose the numbering or lettering style that you want for the second list indent level. 6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 until you have set numbering or lettering styles for up to nine list indent levels. 7 Choose View > Show Styles Drawer (or click Style in the toolbar and choose Show Styles Drawer). Notice that one of the list styles is highlighted. This is the style that has been applied to the selected text. (If the list styles are not visible, click the button in the bottomright of the Styles drawer.) The arrow to the right of the style name is red, indicating that you have applied overrides to the style by modifying it. 8 Click the red arrow to the right of the list style name, and choose one of the following: a Redefine Style From Selection: Redefines the existing list style for the entire document. If you choose this, your formatting changes will apply to all other instances of this style throughout the document. b Create New List Style From Selection: This doesnt alter the existing style, but creates a new style based on your formatting choices in the previous steps. If you choose this, type a name for the new style, and then click OK.
87
To create a new list style from scratch: 1 Select some text. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), click Text to open the Text Inspector, and then click List to open the List pane. 3 Format the selected list text so that it looks the way you want. You can select a symbol or image to use as a bullet, and a numbering style. Also, you can set the amount of indentation for each list indent level, as described above. 4 To use different bullet or numbering styles for different list indent levels, see the steps for modifying an ordered list style, above. 5 Click the Add (+) button at the bottom left of the Styles drawer and choose Create New List Style From Selection from the pop-up menu. 6 Type a name for the new style. 7 If you dont want to apply the new style to the selected text, deselect the checkbox labeled Apply new style on creation. 8 Click OK.
88
Its a good idea to set up the document layoutincluding the page orientation and size, page margins, background graphics (watermarks), and any odd/even-numbered page differencesat the beginning. You make most of these settings in the Document Inspector and the Layout Inspector. To open the Document Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), then click the Document Inspector button.
89
The Document Inspector button Use the TOC pane to set up a table of contents for the document. (See page 102.) Use the Info pane to see document statistics, such as word count, date, and keywords. Use the Page Setup dialog to specify paper size and orientation. Set up margins for the left, right, top, and bottom edges of the page. You can set them separately for documents with left- and right-facing pages. Choose a footnote style.
Use any available font ligatures throughout the document. Use automatic hyphenation throughout the document.
Formatting set in the Document Inspector applies to the entire document. If you divide your document into sections (for example, chapters), you can apply different formatting to different sections. You can also create a different first page, left page, and right page layout for each section, or use different text column layouts in different parts of the document. These settings are made in the Layout Inspector. To learn more about creating sections in your document, see Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks on page 99. To read about creating columns, see Creating Columns on page 92.
90
3 Choose a paper size from the Paper Size pop-up menu. If the paper size you want isnt available in the Paper Size pop-up menu, do the following: a Choose Custom Paper Size from the Settings pop-up menu. b Click New and type a name for the new paper size. c Specify the papers height and width in the Paper Size fields, and specify the printable area margins you want to use in the Printer Margins fields. d Click Save. e Choose Page Attributes from the Settings pop-up menu. f Choose the new paper size you named from the Paper Size pop-up menu, and then click OK. It will be near the bottom of the list.
91
Creating Columns
In Pages, you can vary the design on different pages of your document by creating layouts, separated by layout breaks. A layout is part of a document in which you have defined layout margins and columns. You can have multiple layouts in a section of your document, or even on a single page. You can lay out text in up to ten columns, adjusting relative column size and the spacing between columns. To create one to four columns of equal width: m Click Columns in the toolbar and select the number of columns you want, up to four. If the Columns button isnt in the toolbar, or if you want more than four columns, you must use the Layout Inspector. You must also use the Layout Inspector if you want to make columns with unequal widths.
92
To create more than four columns: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar) and then click the Layout Inspector button. 2 Click Layout in the Layout Inspector. 3 Type the number of columns you want in the Columns field. By default, the columns have equal widths. 4 To resize the columns: a Select the checkbox labeled Equal column width . b Select a column or gutter width in the table and type a new value, using the units of the document rulers.
The Layout Inspector button
Set the number of columns. Deselect to set unequal column widths. Select a column or gutter width and type a new value. Set the margins for the current layout. Set the space between the current layout and the preceding and following layouts. Start the current layout at the top of a page.
Once you have created the number of columns you want, you can resize them on the fly using the document rulers, rather than entering column and gutter width values in the Layout Inspector.
93
To adjust column widths using the rulers: m Drag the left or right edges of the gray gutter areas just below the horizontal ruler.
The white areas below the ruler denote the text area within columns.
94
To change the number of columns: 1 Place the insertion point after the word where you want to end the current number of columns and change to a new layout. 2 Choose Insert > Layout Break. A layout break is inserted and the insertion point is moved to the top of the next layout. When you show invisibles in your document, a layout break symbol appears like this:
3 Set the number of columns you want, and format them, in the Layout pane of the Layout Inspector. To change the layout margins of columns: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar) and then click the Layout Inspector button. 2 Click Layout in the Layout Inspector. 3 To change the outside margins of the column layout, enter values in the Left and Right fields under Layout Margins. 4 To create space above and below the current column layout, enter values in the Before and After fields under Layout Margins. Note: The new margins cannot extend outside the page margins set for the document. To move a layout to the top of a page: m Select the checkbox labeled Layout starts on new page in the Layout pane of the Layout Inspector.
95
Type a value for the margin on the outside edges of the pages. Type a value for the margin that will go into the binding.
To learn about other document formatting options that are available by using facing pages, see Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks on page 99.
96
Using Formatted Text Fields for the Page Numbers, Date, and Time
Formatted text fields allow you to insert text that can be automatically updated. For instance, inserting the date field shows the current date whenever you open the document. Similarly, page number fields keep track of page numbers as you add or delete pages. Pages provides formatted text fields for date, page number, and page countthe total number of pages in the document. This is useful, for example, if you want to label your pages page 1 of 4. To add page numbers: m Place the insertion point where you want the page number to appear, and then choose Insert > Page Number. To add the page count: m Place the insertion point where you want the page count to appear, and then choose Insert > Page Count. To add and format the date and time: 1 Place the insertion point where you want the date and time to appear, and then choose Insert > Date & Time. 2 Select a date and time format in the dialog.
97
3 If you want the document to always show the current date and time, select the checkbox labeled Automatically update the date and time when the document is opened. 4 Click Insert. To edit the date and time format thats already been inserted: m Control-click the date and time text, and choose Edit Date & Time from the shortcut menu. Select a new format in the dialog, and click Change.
Adding Footnotes
When you mark items to be footnoted, Pages automatically generates and formats footnotes that appear at the bottom of the page. You can choose Arabic (1, 2, 3) or Roman (i, ii, iii) numeral styles. You can also number footnotes continuously through the document, or restart numbering for each document section or page. To add a footnote: 1 Place the insertion point at the end of the word where you want the footnote number to appear. 2 Choose Insert > Footnote. A footnote number appears and the insertion point moves to the corresponding footnote field at the bottom of the page. 3 Type the footnote information. You can format footnote text and footnote numbers independently of each other. However, whichever footnote style you choose (Arabic or Roman numerals), it will be the same throughout the document. To select Arabic or Roman numerals for all footnotes: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Document Inspector button. Then click Document. 2 Choose 1,2,3 or i, ii, ii from the Format pop-up menu. To restart footnote numbering: m Choose Restart Each Page or Restart Each Section from the Numbering pop-up in the Document pane of the Document Inspector. (To learn about dividing your document into sections, see Varying Document Formatting Using Section Breaks on page 99.)
98
To format footnote text and numbers: m Select the text and format it as you would any text using the Font panel, the Text Inspector, and the Styles drawer. For more information about how to format text, see Chapter 3, Formatting Text and Paragraphs.
When you insert a section break, the new document section automatically inherits all of the formatting and layout attributes of the previous section. To change these attributes, use the Layout Inspector to set up new page numbering, headers and footers, and margins. Once you create a section break, changes made to the master objects, headers, footers, or page numbering, will apply only to the section in which you make the changes. To make headers and footers different in one section of a document: 1 Place the insertion point in the document section you want to change. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Layout Inspector button.
99
3 Click Section. 4 Deselect the checkbox labeled Use previous headers and footers. 5 Type the new header or footer in the header or footer area of your document. To restart page numbering in a document section: m Select the button labeled Start at in the Section pane of the Document Inspector, and then enter the number of the first page of the section.
Make page numbering continuous with the previous section or enter a number to start renumbering pages.
Make headers and footers different on the first page or alternate pages, or continue from the previous section. Make the new section begin on a left- or rightfacing page.
To set up different first pages, or left- and right-facing pages, for a document section: 1 To make the headers and footers on the first page unique, select the checkbox labeled First page is different in the Section pane of the Layout Inspector, and then change headers and footers. 2 To put different headers and footers on alternate pages, do the following: a Select the checkbox labeled Left and right pages are different in the Section pane of the Layout Inspector. b If you want the first page of the section to always start on the left- or right-facing page, choose Left Page or Right Page from the Section starts on pop-up menu. Otherwise, choose Any Page.
100
To make master objects selectable: m Choose Format > Advanced > Make Master Objects Selectable.
101
Click to update the table of contents after making changes to your document.
Note: If the styles you select are not used anywhere in the document, you will see a message that your table of contents is empty when you create the table of contents. If you select styles that are used for a large amount of text in the document, your table of contents will be too full. Take care to select the styles that denote topic headings, captions, or other items you want listed in a table of contents. 4 In the #s column, select the checkboxes of those styles whose entries you want to have an associated page number.
102
5 Place the insertion point at the beginning of the line where you want the table of contents to appear, and then choose Insert > Table of Contents. Note: Each table of contents you create lists only the content that follows it, up until the next table of contents. If you want a master table of contents for the entire document, it must be the only table of contents, and it must be at the beginning of the document. To update the TOC after editing a document: m Click any entry in the table of contents, or click Update Now in the TOC pane of the Document Inspector.
Click the arrow and choose whether to redefine the selected style, create a new style, or just rename it.
103
3 To edit the look of the entry text, do the following: a Use the Font panel, the Text Inspector, and the Colors window to change the look of the text as you would style any paragraph text. To learn about changing the look of text, see Chapter 3, Formatting Text and Paragraphs. b To create leader lines from an entry to its associated page number, select the TOC entry, click the tab in the Tab Stops column in the Tabs pane of the Text Inspector, and then choose a line style from the Leader pop-up menu. c To change the style in the Styles drawer to match the entry, click the arrow to the right of the style name and choose Redefine Style From Selection. d To create a new TOC style, click the arrow to the right of the style name and choose Create New TOC Style From Selection, and then type a name for the new style. 4 To rename the style in the Styles drawer to match the entry, click the arrow next to the style name and choose Rename Style. Type a new name for the style. 5 To add a new style, click the Add (+) button at the bottom-left corner of the Styles drawer, choose Create New TOC Style From Selection, and then type a name for the new style. Select Apply this new style on creation if you want it to be applied immediately to the selected text.
104
There are several types of graphics and other media you can include in Pages documents, including images (like photographs or PDF files), simple drawn shapes, tables, and charts. For documents that will be viewed onscreen, you can also add movies and sound.
105
For inline objects, an anchor icon is also visible within the objects container when its selected.
Anchor icon
If you are placing a graphic or shape inside of another shape, text box, or table cell, it can only be placed in line with the text. Inline images are automatically resized to fit within the layout margins of the document. To move an inline object to a different position within the text, select it and drag it until you see the insertion point appear where you want to drop it.
106
You can convert objects from inline to fixed, and vice versa. To learn how, see Converting Between Fixed and Inline Objects on page 110. Text wraps differently around fixed and inline objects. To learn about text wrapping, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 118.
107
Drag the image to a position inside the text area (indicated by the thin blue border). The image is placed at the insertion point when you release it.
m Place the insertion point wherever you want the image to appear, choose Insert > Choose, and then select the file and click Insert. To add an imported file as a fixed object, do one of the following: m Drag the file from the Finder or Media Browser to the document window to bring it into the document, staying outside of the main body text area. Then drag the file to position it where you want it.
Drag the image icon to a position outside the text area. A thick blue border appears around the edges of the page.
m Click outside the text areas in the document so that no insertion point is visible, and then choose Insert > Choose. Select the file and click Insert. Imported images can be resized and rotated to change their appearance on a page. Fixed images can also be cropped (masked). You can also layer graphics, adjust their opacity, and add shadows to create interesting visual effects. For more information about working with graphics, see the relevant sections in this chapter. To learn about adjusting shadow properties and opacity, see Chapter 7, Changing Object Properties.
108
To add a shape, table, or chart inline with the text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the object to appear in the text flow. 2 Select the object you want to add: For shapes, choose Insert > Shape > [shape type] (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose a shape). For tables, choose Insert > Table (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table). For charts, choose Insert > Chart (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart), and then select a chart type in the Chart Inspector. To place a fixed text box, shape, table, or chart: 1 Click anywhere outside the text areas of the document so that no insertion point is visible. 2 Select the object you want to add: For text boxes, choose Insert > Text (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Text). For shapes, choose Insert > Shape > [shape type] (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose a shape). For tables, choose Insert > Table (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table). For charts, choose Insert > Chart (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart), and then select a chart type in the Chart Inspector. A text box, shape, table, or chart appears on the page. 3 Drag the object to wherever you want it to appear on the page. Note: You can also Option-click the Objects button in the toolbar. Release the Option key, and then choose a shape, Text, Table, or Chart. Drag the crosshair pointer across the document window to draw the object wherever you want it. This produces a fixed object. You can modify the colors, opacity, outline, and shadows of shapes and text boxes using the Graphic Inspector. For more information about setting a shapes attributes, see Chapter 7, Changing Object Properties. To learn about adding text inside a shape, see Putting Text Inside a Shape on page 68. You can change the number of rows and columns in a table, and change the tables design and formatting, using the Table Inspector. For more information about designing tables, see Chapter 8, Creating Tables.
109
You add data to your chart using the Chart Data Editor. You can change the chart style, axes, labels, and other attributes using the Chart Inspector. For more information about creating charts, see Chapter 9, Creating Charts.
110
3 In the Print dialog, choose Output Options from the Copies & Pages pop-up menu. 4 Select the Save as File checkbox. 5 Choose PDF from the Format pop-up menu. 6 Click Save As PDF. 7 In the Save dialog, type a name for the PDF file and select a location, then click Save.
3 Drag the window to center it over the part of the image you want to feature. Drag its selection handles to resize it. To constrain the windows proportions, hold down the Shift key as you drag the selection handles. To rotate the window, hold down the Command key as you drag the selection handles. (To learn more about manipulating objects using the selection handles, see Selecting, Dragging, and Resizing Objects on page 115.)
111
Drag the selection handles to resize the visible portion of the image.
4 Double-click the window to make the masked area invisible. The masked image has a dotted line around its visible borders.
5 Drag the selection handles to resize or rotate the visible portion of the image, or drag the entire image to reposition it on the page. The visible part of the image can also be converted to an inline image by selecting Moves with text in the Wrap Inspector (see Adding Fixed and Inline Objects on page 107 for more information).
Drag the selection handles to resize or rotate the visible portion of the image.
112
To change the area you want shown of a masked image: 1 Double-click the masked image. 2 Click the dotted border of the resizable window to select it. 3 Drag the selection handles to resize or rotate the visible portion of the image, or drag the window to feature a different part of the image. To unmask an image: m Make the image a fixed object, select it, and then choose Format > Unmask. The full image becomes visible again. If you frequently mask images, you can add the Mask button to the toolbar to work more efficiently. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22.
113
Drag a thumbnail to the document window or to an image well in one of the inspectors.
To add music from iTunes: 1 Choose iTunes from the Media Browser pop-up menu, and select the playlist you want. 2 Drag a sound file to the document window. To add a movie: 1 Choose Movies from the Media Browser pop-up menu. 2 Drag a movie thumbnail directly to the document window. Note: To see your movies listed in the Movies pane of the Media Browser, you must place them in the Movies folder in the Finder.
114
115
To flip objects horizontally or vertically: m Select the object, and then choose Arrange > Flip Horizontally or Flip Vertically. If you frequently flip objects, you can add the Flip Vertical and Flip Horizontal buttons to the toolbar. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. To move a fixed object in front or in back of text or another object on the page: 1 Select the object you want to move. 2 Choose Arrange > Bring Forward or Send Backward. 3 Repeat step 2 until the object is in the desired layer. 4 To move an object to the very top or bottom of the stack, choose Arrange > Bring to Front or Send to Back. If you frequently layer objects on the page, you can add the Front, Back, Forward, and Backward buttons to the toolbar to work more efficiently. To learn about customizing the toolbar, see The Toolbar on page 22. To select a fixed object thats behind text: m Place the pointer outside the text area and drag across the page until the objects selection handles appear. Note: If clicking an object doesnt select it, or if it has blue selection handles, its a master object. To read about master objects, see Placing Master Objects on page 178. To select all objects in a document: To select all the fixed objects in a document (excluding objects on the section master), click outside the text area and press Command-A. To select all inline objects and text in a text area, place the insertion point in the text area and press Command-A.
116
117
When you bring an alpha-channel image into Pages, theres nothing else you have to do to make the transparency work. Just place it, manipulate it, and move it to the back or front as you would any other image. Many PDF, TIFF, and PSD files contain alpha-channel graphics. You can create your own alpha-channel images using applications such as Adobe Photoshop, Corel Draw, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe Acrobat. See the instructions that come with the application to learn how to create alpha-channel images.
118
To open the Wrap Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Wrap Inspector button.
The Wrap Inspector button Select to place an object in line with text or fixed on the page. Select to make text wrap around the object using the buttons below. Set the transparency percentage at which text can be seen through the object. Set how much space to leave between the object and the surrounding text. Click to make the text wrap tightly or loosely around the object.
The settings in the Wrap Inspector affect fixed objects and inline objects differently. To adjust text wrapping around a fixed object: 1 Select the object. 2 Select the checkbox labeled Object causes wrap in the Wrap Inspector.
119
3 Click a button in the Wrap Inspector to select which side of the object you want the text to wrap around.
Text wraps around the object. Text wraps only around right or left side, depending on which side has more space. Text wraps above and below the object. Text wraps to right of object. Text wraps to left of object.
4 To make the text wrap more tightly around an object with an alpha channel, click the right Text Fit button. To make it wrap more loosely, click the left Text Fit button.
Text wraps around the rectangular bounds of an object.
5 Enter a value in the Extra Space field to specify the minimum space you want to leave between the object and the surrounding text. 6 If the object has transparent areas (an alpha channel), set the alpha-channel percentage at which you want the text to appear through the transparency (for an illustration, see Working With Alpha-Channel Graphics on page 118).
120
To adjust text wrapping around an inline object: 1 Select the object. 2 Select the checkbox labeled Object causes wrap in the Wrap Inspector. 3 Click a button in the Wrap Inspector to select how you want the object to be placed within the text.
Center object, and wrap text around both sides. Object is aligned left between lines of text.
Object is aligned right between lines of text. Object is centered between lines of text. Align object to the right, and wrap text around the left. Align object to the left, and wrap text around the right.
4 To make the text wrap more tightly around an object with an alpha channel, click the right Text Fit button. To make it wrap more loosely, click the left Text Fit button. 5 Enter a value in the Extra Space field to specify the minimum space you want to leave between the object and the surrounding text. 6 If the object has transparent areas (an alpha channel), set the alpha-channel percentage at which you want the text to appear through the transparency (for an illustration, see Working With Alpha-Channel Graphics on page 118).
121
122
4 Choose a repeat option from the Repeat pop-up menu: None: Play only once. Loop: Repeat continuously. Loop Back and Forth: Play backward and forward continuously.
The QuickTime Inspector button Select which frame of the movie displays until it begins playing. Set playback repeat options. Set the playback volume. Use these controls to view the movie as you edit your document.
You can also specify which frame of the movie to display on the page (called the poster frame) until the movie starts playing. To set the movie poster frame: 1 Click the movie to select it. 2 In the QuickTime Inspector, drag the Poster Frame slider until the movie displays the image you want.
123
Bookmark
To add hypertext that links to an email message or webpage: 1 Select the text that you want to turn into a hyperlink. 2 Choose Insert > Hyperlink > [Email Message or Webpage]. 3 Type the required information, as shown below. Webpage: Supply the URL that you want to display when the hyperlink is clicked. The webpage appears in your default web browser when the link is clicked.
The Link Inspector button Type the URL that you want to link to. You can edit the hyperlink text displayed in the document.
124
Email Message: Supply the message subject line and the email address of the intended recipient. The blank email message appears in your default email application when the link is clicked.
Type the email address of the message recipient. Type the message subject. You can edit the hyperlink text displayed in the document.
Pages detects URLs and email addresses automatically as you type, and converts them into hyperlinks. You can disable this feature if you want to. To turn off automatic detection of URLs and email addresses as you type: m Choose Pages > Preferences, and select the checkbox labeled Automatically detect email and web addresses . To add bookmarks to your document: 1 Select the text where you want to create the bookmark. 2 Choose Insert > Bookmark.
Click Name or Page to sort the bookmark list. Click a bookmark to jump to it in the document; double-click it to edit its name. Click Add or Delete to add new bookmarks or delete a bookmark selected in the list.
125
To edit and use bookmarks: 1 Click Bookmark in the Link Inspector. 2 Click a bookmark in the list to jump to it in the document. 3 Double-click a bookmark in the list to change its name. 4 Click the Name or Page column header to sort bookmarks by name or page number. 5 Click the Add (+) button to add new bookmarks. 6 Select a bookmark in the list and click the Delete (-) button to delete it. To add a hyperlink that links to a bookmark: 1 Choose Insert > Hyperlink > Bookmark, or create a bookmark in the Bookmark pane of the Link Inspector. 2 Open the Hyperlink pane of the Link Inspector. 3 Select the text you want to turn into a hyperlink, and then click the checkbox labeled Enable as a hyperlink. 4 Choose Bookmark from the Link To pop-up menu.
Choose the bookmark name. You can edit the hyperlink text displayed in the document. Select to disable all hyperlinks so you can easily edit them.
5 Choose the bookmark you want to link to from the Name pop-up menu. To disable hypertext for editing: m Select the checkbox labeled Make all hyperlinks inactive in the Hyperlink pane of the Link Inspector.
126
This chapter describes more advanced features for enhancing graphics and other objects in your document.
You can directly manipulate object properties such as color, line style and thickness, shadow, opacity, and orientation using the inspectors and the Colors window, as described in the following sections.
Selecting Colors
You use the Colors window to select color for text, shapes, backgrounds, and shadows in Pages. To open the Colors window: Choose View > Show Colors (or click Colors in the toolbar). Or click a color well in one of the inspector panes.
127
Click the magnifying glass icon and then click any item on the screen to match its color. The color selected in the color wheel appears in this box. (The two colors in this box indicate the opacity is set to less than 100%)
Use the slider to set lighter or darker hues in the color wheel. Click to select a color in the color wheel. Drag the Opacity slider to the left to make the color more transparent. Drag colors from the color box to store them in the color palette.
You can use the color wheel in the Colors window to select colors. The color you select appears in the box at the top of the Colors window. You can save that color for future use by placing it in the color palette. To select a color: 1 Click anywhere in the color wheel. The selected color is displayed in the color box at the top of the Colors window. 2 To make the color lighter or darker, drag the slider on the right side of the Colors window. 3 To make the color more transparent, drag the Opacity slider to the left or enter a percentage value in the Opacity field. To open the color palette: m Drag the handle at the bottom of the Colors window.
128
To save a color in the color palette: m Drag a color from the color box to the color palette. To apply the colors you select in the Colors window to an object on the page, you must place the color in the appropriate color well in an inspector pane. To apply a color to an object on the page: Select a color well in one of the inspector panes and then click a color in the color wheel. Or drag a color from the color palette or color box to a color well in one of the inspector panes. To match the color of another item on the screen: 1 Click the magnifying glass to the left of the color box in the Colors window. 2 Click the item on the screen whose color you want to match. The color appears in the color box. 3 Select the item you want to color in the document window, and drag the color from the color box to the item.
Choose a solid color, a color gradient, an image, or a tinted image to fill a drawn object.
129
To open the Graphic Inspector: m Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Graphic Inspector button. To set the solid fill color of an object: 1 On the page, select the object whose color you want to change. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Color Fill from the Fill pop-up menu. 3 Click the color well below the Fill pop-up menu to open the Colors window. 4 Select a color in the Colors window. To fill an object with a color gradient: 1 On the page, select the object whose color you want to change. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Gradient Fill from the Fill pop-up menu. 3 Click each color well and choose each color in the Colors window. 4 To set a direction for the gradient, use the Angle wheel or field. To flip it horizontally or vertically, click the Angle arrow buttons. 5 To invert the gradient, click the double-headed arrow next to the color wells.
Flip the gradient orientation or set its direction by using the arrow buttons, the Angle wheel, or by typing a value. Click the double-headed arrow to invert the gradient. Click each color well to select colors.
130
2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Image Fill from the Fill pop-up menu, and select an image. 3 To change the image, click Choose, select the image, and click Open (or drag the image file from the Finder or Media Browser to the image well in the Graphic Inspector).
Use the pop-up menu to set the size of the image within the object.
4 Choose an image scale from the pop-up menu. Scale To Fit resizes the image to fit the objects dimensions as well as possible. If the objects shape is different from the original images, parts of the image may not appear; blank space may also appear around the image. Scale To Fill makes the image appear larger or smaller, sizing it to leave minimum space around the image, even if the object and image have different shapes. Stretch sizes the image to fit the objects dimensions but distorts it if the object has a shape different than the original image. Original Size places the image inside the object without altering its original dimensions. If the image is larger than the object, you see only a part of the image in the object. If the image is smaller than the object, there is blank space around it. Tile repeats the image inside the object, if the image is smaller than the object. If the image is larger than the object, you see only part of the image inside the object.
Scale to Fill Original Size
Scale to Fit
Stretch
131
A tinted image fill places a transparent, colored mask over the fill image. To set a tinted image fill for an object: 1 Select the object in which you want to place an image. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Tinted Image Fill from the Fill pop-up menu, and select an image. 3 Click the color well next to the Choose button, and then select a tint color in the Colors window. Drag the Opacity slider in the Colors window to make the tint darker or lighter. (If you drag the Opacity slider in the Graphic Inspector, it will change the opacity of both the tint and the image.)
4 Choose the image scale from the pop-up menu, as described above. 5 To change the image, click Choose, select the image, and click Open (or drag the image file from the Finder or Media Browser to the image well in the Graphic Inspector).
132
2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose a line style (or None) from the Stroke pop-up menu. For tables, only a solid line or None is available.
Click the color well to choose a line color. Enter the line thickness in this field. Choose line end points from these pop-up menus. Choose a solid line, dotted line, dashed line, or no line.
3 To change the line thickness, type a value in the Stroke field (or click the arrows). 4 To change the line color, click the color well and select a color. 5 To give the line end points, such as arrowheads or circles, choose left and right end points from the pop-up menus. Note: The Insert menu and the Shapes pop-up menu (in the toolbar) include lines with arrowheads. You can set the position of lines and objects in the Metrics Inspector. See Adjusting Size and Position of Objects on page 137.
Adding Shadows
Shadows give your page an appearance of depth. An objects shadow appears on any object behind it. You can create a variety of shadow effects, or remove the shadow from an object.
133
Select the checkbox to add a shadow to a selected object. Change the angle of the shadow with the Angle wheel. Offset, Blur, and Opacity fields can change the look of the shadow. Change the shadow color in the color well.
To create or remove a shadow for an object: 1 Select the object you want to modify. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, select the Shadow checkbox to add a shadow to the object. Deselect the Shadow checkbox to make the shadow go away. 3 Set the angle for the shadow using the Angle wheel. 4 Adjust the shadow offset by typing a number in the Offset box. A high shadow offset value makes an objects shadow appear longer and slightly separated from the object. 5 Set the shadow blur by typing a number in the Blur box. A high blur value makes the objects shadow appear more diffuse; a low value gives the shadow more sharply defined edges. 6 Set the shadow opacity by typing a number in the Opacity box. (Shadow opacity is separate from object opacity, which is set using the Opacity slider at the bottom of the Graphic Inspector.) 7 To change the color for the shadow, click the color well and select a color.
134
This object has the default shadow properties. This object has a different shadow color. This objects shadow has a high offset value. This objects shadow has the lowest blur factor. This objects shadow has a high blur factor. This objects shadow is set to a different angle.
Adjusting Opacity
You can create interesting effects by making objects more opaque or less opaque. When you put a low-opacity object on top of another object, for example, the bottom object shows through the top object. Depending on how high or low you set the opacity, the objects beneath can be highly visible, partly obscured, or completely blocked from view (at 100-percent opacity). You can change opacity settings for any visual object on the page, including drawn shapes, pictures and other image files, and movies. Set object opacity using the Graphic Inspector. To change an objects opacity: 1 Select the object. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, drag the Opacity slider.
135
Note: For drawn shapes, you can set opacity for fill and stroke colors separately from object opacity. If you move the Opacity slider in the Colors window to modify a fill or stroke color, that opacity value becomes maximum object opacity. Then, when you change the object opacity in the Graphic Inspector, you are changing it relative to the opacity you set in the Colors window.
This circle is set to 100% opacity. This circle is set to 100% opacity. The fill color was set to 50% opacity in the Colors window. The circles outline was set to 100% opacity in the Colors window.
136
Find the name of the selected image or movie here. Drag its icon to the page or the desktop to make a copy of it.
Resize images and movies to exact dimensions by specifying height and width. Place an object on the page by specifying X and Y coordinates. Flip an image sideways or upside down using these buttons. Rotate an object with this wheel or field.
To flip or rotate an object: 1 Select the object you want to rotate. 2 In the Metrics Inspector, use the Angle wheel or field to set the direction of the object, or click the horizontal or vertical Flip buttons to flip it horizontally or vertically.
137
To maintain the width/height ratio when you resize an object: m Select the checkbox labeled Constrain proportions in the Metrics Inspector, or hold down the Shift key as you drag a selection handle. To return an image or movie to its original size: m Select the image or movie and click Original Size in the Metrics Inspector. To set the precise position of a fixed object: 1 Select the object you want to position. 2 In the Metrics Inspector, enter X and Y values in the Position fields. The specified coordinates determine the position of the upper-left corner of the objects container box. The X value is measured from the left edge of the page. The Y value is measured from the top edge of the page. If an object is rotated, the X and Y coordinates specify the upper-left corner of the rotated container box. Lines For lines, size and position can only be adjusted in the Metrics Inspector if the lines are fixed objects, not placed in line with text. (To read more about fixed objects versus inline objects, see Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects on page 105.) When you enter X and Y coordinate values for line position in the Metrics Inspector, the Start coordinates correspond to the end point of the line thats on the upper left side at the time the line first appears on the page. Even if you later flip or rotate the line, the Start coordinates always correspond to the same end point of the line.
Position a fixed line on the page by specifying X and Y coordinates for its top left end point. Position a fixed line on the page by specifying X and Y coordinates for its bottom right end point.
138
Creating Tables
Tables are useful for organizing information and creating interesting layouts. This chapter covers the basics of designing tables.
Pages provides powerful features for making attractive, compelling tables that can contain text or graphics. Use tables to organize and display data for comparison. By filling table cells with graphics, you can also easily create and format graphic layouts. By merging and splitting cells, you can easily format forms to be filled out (for example, order forms).
This data form, featured in the Lab Notes template, is a set of tables with cells that have color and image fills.
139
This layout, featured in the Photo Journal template, was made by filling some table cells with images, and others with colors and text.
Adding a Table
Tables can be added in line with text or fixed on the page. (To learn about fixed and inline objects, see Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects on page 105.) Fixed tables cannot span page boundaries, but inline tables can. To add a table in line with text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the table to appear in the text flow. 2 Choose Insert > Table (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table). The Table Inspector opens. 3 To resize the table, drag the available selection handles. To place a fixed table: 1 Click anywhere outside the text areas of the document so that no insertion point is visible. 2 Choose Insert > Table (or click Objects in the toolbar and click Table). A table appears on the page. 3 Drag the object to wherever you want it to appear on the page. You can also draw a table yourself.
140
To draw a table on the page: 1 Hold down the Option key as you click Objects in the toolbar and choose Table. 2 Release the Option key and move the pointer over the page until it becomes a crosshair. 3 Drag across the page to create a table any size you want. As you drag, the number of rows and columns increases or decreases with the size of the table. Note: A table occupies at least one full line of a document. You cannot wrap text around the sides of a table. To learn more about wrapping text around objects, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 118. To resize a table: Drag the available selection handles. If a table spans across more than one page, use the Metrics Inspector to resize it. To read about resizing objects using the Metrics Inspector, see Adjusting Size and Position of Objects on page 137. If an inline table spans more than one column, you must resize the column to resize the table. To read about resizing objects using the Metrics Inspector, see Adjusting Size and Position of Objects on page 137. To read about working with columns, see Creating Columns on page 92.
141
If a table cell is already selected, press Command-Return to select the entire table. Selection handles appear on the edges of the table.
Click a button to select cell borders. Click Row to select an entire table row.
142
143
To delete the contents (and background fill) of table cells: m Select the cells and press the Delete key.
Formatting Tables
You can design tables in a variety of creative ways simply by changing the thickness and color of cell borders, selectively removing cell borders, or merging and splitting cells to create useful asymmetries within the table.
144
Combine adjacent cells or split rows and columns. Select to add a header row or column. Specify column width and row height. Select table columns, rows, and borders. Select to make rows resize to accommodate content.
To change the number of rows or columns in a table: 1 In the Table Inspector, type the number of rows you want in the Rows field. Rows are added to the bottom of the table. (Select the last cell in the table and press Tab.) 2 Type the number of columns you want in the Columns field. Columns are added to the right side of the table. To delete table rows or columns: 1 Select the row or column. 2 Choose Format > Table > Delete Row or Delete Column. Note: If you select cells and press the Delete key, only the cell contents are deleted.
145
146
To split cells horizontally or vertically: 1 Select a table cell or cells. To split an entire row or column, select all the cells in the row or column. 2 Choose Format > Table > Split Into Rows or Split Into Columns. You can also split cells into rows or columns by clicking Split Rows or Split Columns in the Table Inspector. You can repeat the split operation to create smaller and smaller units within a table cell. To rejoin split cells, select them and choose Format > Table > Merge Cells. To resize table cells: Select the cells and enter values in the Column Width and Column Height fields of the Table Inspector, and then press Return. Select cell borders and drag to resize. To make all table cells the same size: m Select the table and choose Format > Table > Distribute Rows Evenly and Distribute Columns Evenly. If there is too much text in a table cell, a clipping indicator appears at the bottom of the cell.
The clipping indicator appears when a table cell contains more text than can be seen.
To avoid clipping, you can drag the cell borders to resize them, or drag a selection handle to resize the entire table. You can also make table rows automatically shrink or expand in height to accommodate the text inside them. To make table rows automatically grow or shrink to fit their contents: m Select the table, and then select the checkbox labeled Automatically resize to fit content in the Table Inspector.
147
With this option selected, table cells automatically get bigger when text extends beyond the cell boundary, and adding rows or columns increases the outside dimensions of the table. As text is removed from a cell, the row height may decrease (if the cell determines the row height). If Automatically resize to fit content is not selected, Pages tries to keep the outside dimensions of the table the same when you add rows and columns. Note: Table cells cannot span multiple pages, columns, or text boxes.
To align text vertically within a cell: m Select the cell and click one of the vertical alignment buttons in the Text pane of the Text Inspector.
148
Begin text in the center of the cell. Grow text from the bottom of the cell. Place text at the top of the cell.
You can specify the amount of space between text and its cell border using the Inset Margin slider or field. The amount you specify is applied equally around the text on all four sides. To adjust the space around text within a table cell: 1 Click the cell (or select the whole table to apply the same setting to all cells). 2 In the Text pane of the Text Inspector, drag the Inset Margin slider to the right to increase the space, or enter a value in the field and press Return.
149
To hide a cell border: 1 Select a cell border or set of cell borders. 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose None from the Stroke pop-up menu. To create a table with no outside border: 1 Select the table. 2 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Table Inspector button. 3 Click the second Borders button in the Table Inspector to select the outside borders. 4 Click the Graphic Inspector button, and choose None from the Stroke pop-up menu.
150
4 Select an image and click Open. 5 Use the Scale pop-up menu to fill the cell the way you want. If you add an image to the entire table, then when you select an individual table cell, the Fill pop-up menu in the Graphic Inspector displays None. For more details about working with image fills, see Filling an Object With an Image on page 130. To add a background color or gradient fill: 1 Select a table cell, a group of cells, or the whole table (for more information, see Selecting Table Cells and Borders on page 141). 2 In the Graphic Inspector, choose Color Fill or Gradient Fill from the Fill pop-up menu. 3 Click the color well (or wells) and select a color or colors in the Colors window. If you add color to the entire table, then when you select an individual table cell, the Fill pop-up menu in the Graphic Inspector displays None. For more details about working with color and gradient fills, see Using Color and Image Fills on page 127.
151
Creating Charts
You can turn spreadsheet data into attractive charts. This chapter outlines the basics of creating charts in Pages.
Pages provides tools for creating your own visually appealing charts to present numerical data. You can copy and paste your data from a spreadsheet, or type it directly into the Chart Data Editor to create and edit your charts right on the page.
About Charts
Charts show the relationship of two types of data with respect to each other. For example, if you chart business growth over time, you are showing the relationship between the size of the business versus the passage of years. If you chart voting results among different demographic groups, you are showing the relationship between the number of people who voted a certain way versus their demographic affiliation. When you enter data for a chart, the two different types of data are represented as data series and data sets. In a business chart, an example of a data series could be one regions profits over four successive years; the data sets could be all of the regions profits for only one of those years. In the illustration below, the data series (each regions profits) are in rows, and the data sets (each years profits) are in columns. Each individual value (for example, 17 for Region 1, 2004) is a data point.
153
The colored squares next to the row labels (Region 1 and Region 2) show which color represents each data series in the chart. The illustration below shows how this data looks as a column chart.
The chart legend denotes the two data series.
The data sets contain one data point (one bar) from each of the data series. These four bars represent one data series.
In this chart, the data series are represented by rows in the Chart Data Editor. The data points are represented as a series of dark-colored bars and a series of light-colored bars.
154
This button makes the columns of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series.
This button makes the rows of data in the Chart Data Editor the data series.
The illustration below shows the same data, but with the data sets and data series transposed.
These two bars represent one data series.
The data sets contain one data point (one bar) from each of the four data series.
For this chart, the data series are represented by columns in the Chart Data Editor pictured earlier. There are now four data series represented as four different-colored bars. Data series are represented differently in the different kinds of charts provided by Pages. In column charts and bar charts, a data series is represented by a series of bars in the same color (as shown above). In a line chart (also called a graph), a data series is represented by a single line. In an area chart, a data series is represented by an area shape. In a pie chart, only a single data setthe first data point in each seriesis represented on the chart (whichever is listed first in the Chart Data Editor).
155
Adding a Chart
Charts can be added in line with text or fixed on the page. (To learn about fixed and inline objects, see Fixed Objects Versus Inline Objects on page 105.) Once you have added the chart to the page, you can change the chart type and format it by using the Chart Inspector, pictured later in this chapter. To add a chart in line with text: 1 Place the insertion point wherever you want the chart to appear in the text flow. 2 Choose Insert > Chart (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart). A chart containing placeholder data appears on the page. The Chart Inspector and Chart Data Editor open. To place a fixed chart: 1 Click anywhere outside the text areas of the document so that no insertion point is visible. 2 Choose Insert > Chart (or click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart). A chart containing placeholder data appears on the page. The Chart Inspector and Chart Data Editor open. 3 Drag the chart to wherever you want it to appear on the page. You can also draw a chart on the page. To draw a chart on the page: 1 Hold down the Option key while you click Objects in the toolbar and choose Chart. 2 Release the Option key and move the pointer over the page until it becomes a crosshair. 3 Drag across the page to create a chart any size you want. To resize the chart on the page: m Select the chart in the page and drag the active selection handles.
156
157
To copy data from another spreadsheet into the Chart Data Editor: 1 Open the spreadsheet with the data you want, and select all the relevant cells. 2 Choose Edit > Copy (or press Command-C). 3 Select the top cell in the first column of the Chart Data Editor. 4 Choose Edit > Paste (or press Command-V). To edit the names of rows and columns, or the data in a cell: m Double-click a cell or a row or column label and type. To reorder rows or columns in the Chart Data Editor: m Drag a row or column label and to a new position. To add rows or columns in the Chart Data Editor, do one of the following: Click Add Row or Add Column to place a row above the selected row or a column to the left of the selected column. If no row or column is selected, the new row or column appears at the bottom or right edge of the table. (To see the new row or column, you may have to press the Return key or the Tab key, or expand the Chart Data Editor window.) Select any blank cell, type your data, and press Return. A new row or column is automatically created. To delete rows or columns: m Select the row or column label and press Delete.
158
Formatting Charts
You can resize and reposition charts and chart legends just like any other object. You can format chart elementsfonts, colors, axis labels, and tick marksto suit your preferences. You can also hide the chart legend. Most chart formatting tasks are done using the Chart Inspector. You can also accomplish many tasks using shortcut menus. To open a charts shortcut menu: m Hold down the Control key and click a chart. To hide the chart legend: 1 Choose View > Show Inspector (or click Inspector in the toolbar), and then click the Chart Inspector button. 2 Select the chart. 3 In the Chart Inspector, deselect the checkbox labeled Show Legend.
You can also select the legend and press Delete; you can always display the legend again by selecting the Show Legend checkbox.
159
160
Set styles for labels and tick marks along the chart grid. Set the range of values that appear on the chart grid.
To show or hide axes and chart borders: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it is not already selected. 3 Choose one or more items from the Axes & Borders pop-up menu to select it. A selected item has a checkmark next to it; choose the item again to deselect it. To set the range of numerical values displayed on the chart grid: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it is not already selected. 3 To set the value at the chart origin, type a number in the Minimum field (under Value Axis Format). The Minimum value cannot be higher than the minimum value of your entire data set. 4 To set the highest number displayed on the value axis, type a number in the Maximum field. The Maximum value cannot be lower than the maximum value of your entire data set. 5 To specify the number of axis markings between the minimum and maximum values, type a number in the Steps field.
161
To display the minimum data value one the value axis: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if its not already selected. 3 Select Show Value Labels and Show Minimum Value from the value axis pop-up menu (the X- or Y-axis pop-up menu, depending on the chart). An item is selected when it has a checkmark next to it. To specify units for axis values: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Axis button if it is not already selected. 3 Under Number Format, type text in the Prefix or Suffix field (or choose a symbol from the pop-up menus).
162
Set the text direction for the series axis labels. Place tick marks along the X-axis. Show or hide the X-axis gridlines.
4 To add grid labels and tick marks to the value axis, choose from the Y-Axis pop-up menu. (For horizontal bar charts, choose from among these same options in the XAxis pop-up menu.)
Show or hide value axis labels. Place tick marks along the Y-axis. Show or hide the Y-axis gridlines.
163
4 To specify the number of decimal places you want to display, type a number in the Decimals field.
5 To change the position of data point values, choose an option from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu. 6 Use the Font panel (Format > Font > Show Fonts) to choose a font, font size, and style for the data point labels. For pie charts, you can show data point labels as a percentage of the whole or as absolute values by selecting or deselecting Show Pie Values as Percentages in the Data Point Settings pop-up menu. You can also show the series names. Some chart styles offer further options for formatting series elements. See the following sections for information about special formatting options for pie charts, bar charts, line charts, and area charts. Pie Charts For pie charts, Pages charts only the first data set in the Chart Data Editor (the first data point for each data series). If the data series are in rows in the Chart Data Editor, only the first column is charted; if the data series are in columns in the Chart Data Editor, only the first row is charted. Thus, one pie chart represents a single data set, and each wedge is one element in that set. Other data sets in the Chart Data Editor are maintained, but they are not displayed in the pie chart. You can chart any data set by moving it to the first position in its row or column. To select individual pie wedges: 1 Select the chart, then click to select a single wedge. 2 To select additional wedges, do one of the following: To select all the wedges, choose Edit >Select All (or press Command-A). To select noncontiguous wedges, hold down the Command key as you select each wedge. To select a continuous range of wedges, select the first wedge, then hold down the Shift key as you select the last wedge.
164
On pie charts, in addition to showing values for wedges, you can display the series name. To show a series name in a pie chart: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Series button. 3 Select Show Series Name from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu (an item is selected when it has a checkmark next to it). 4 Choose Inside or Outside from the Data Point Settings pop-up menu. You can separate any (or all) of the pie wedges. To separate individual pie wedges: 1 Select the individual pie wedges. (To select more than one pie wedge, hold down the Command key as you click each wedge.) 2 Drag the pie wedges or the Explode slider until the pie wedges are separated as far as you want. You can also type a number in the Explode field, or use the arrows to increase or decrease the number.
Separate individual pie wedges. Add shadows to individual wedges or the whole pie.
Set a pie wedge apart by using the Explode slider and giving it a series name.
165
You can put shadows on individual pie wedges or on the pie as a whole. Putting shadows on individual wedges makes it look like the wedges are in different layers. To put shadows on individual pie wedges: 1 Select the chart or individual pie wedges. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Series button. 3 Choose Individual from the Shadow pop-up menu. 4 In the Graphic Inspector, set shadow attributes. (For more information, see Adding Shadows on page 133.) To put a shadow on the whole pie: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Series pane of the Chart Inspector, choose Group from the Shadow pop-up menu. 3 In the Graphic Inspector, set shadow attributes. (For more information, see Adding Shadows on page 133.) You can also change the opacity of the chart and individual chart elements, such as the legend. (For more information, see Adjusting Opacity on page 135.) To rotate a pie chart: m Select the chart and drag the Rotation Angle wheel in the Series pane of the Chart Inspector, or type a value in the Rotation Angle field. Bar and Column Charts You can apply shadows to individual data series or to the entire chart. You can adjust the opacity for the chart as a whole or for individual series (but not individual bars). You can also adjust the spacing between data sets or individual bars. To adjust spacing between individual bars or data sets: 1 Select the chart. 2 In the Chart Inspector, click the Series button if it is not already selected.
166
Separate the individual bars in the chart. Separate the data sets in the chart. Add shadows to bars or data sets.
3 To change the space between bars, type a value (or click the arrows) in the Gap between bars field. 4 To change the space between data sets, type a value in the Gap between sets field. The value is the percentage of the bar thickness. Decreasing the space between the bars makes them thicker. You can also move the pointer near a bar edge until it becomes a double-headed arrow, then drag to make the bars thicker or thinner. To put a shadow on each bar: 1 Select the chart or a data series. 2 In the Series pane of the Chart Inspector, choose Individual from the Shadow pop-up menu. If you select one data series and choose an item from the Shadow pop-up menu, the choice applies to all series in the chart. 3 In the Graphic Inspector, set shadow attributes. (For more information, see Adding Shadows on page 133.) To adjust the opacity of a chart: m Select the chart and drag the Opacity slider in the Graphic Inspector. For more information, see Adjusting Opacity on page 135.
167
Area Charts and Line Charts In area and line charts, you can use symbolscircles, triangle, squares, and diamondsto represent data points.
The data points in this series are represented with circles. The data points in this series are represented with triangles.
To use a symbol for the data points in a series: 1 Select a data series (area shape or line). 2 In the Series pane of the Chart Inspector, choose a symbol from the Data Point Symbol pop-up menu.
Choose a symbol to use for data points. Fill data point symbols with color or images.
3 Fill the symbol by choosing one of the options in the Symbol Fill pop-up menu. To set the line color and shadow: m Use the Stroke and Shadow controls in the Graphic Inspector. For more information about using the Graphic Inspector to set line color, shadow, and the fill for data point symbols, see Chapter 7, Changing Object Properties.
168
10
10
In addition to printing or faxing your document, you can share your document electronically. By exporting to other document formats, you can collaborate with others who use AppleWorks or Microsoft Word. You can also make your document available on the web as a PDF file or as an HTML page.
169
3 Choose a standard paper size from the Paper Size pop-up menu. If you want to set a custom paper size, do the following: a Choose Custom Paper Size from the Settings pop-up menu.
Type a name for the custom paper size. Click to create a new custom paper size.
Click to duplicate or delete a selected paper size. If you edit the custom paper size options, click Save to save the changes. Set the page margins.
b Click New and type a name for the new paper size. c Specify the papers height and width in the Paper Size fields, and specify the printable area margins you want to use in the Printer Margins fields. d Click Save. e Choose Page Attributes from the Settings pop-up menu. f Select the new paper size you named in the Paper Size pop-up menu. It will be near the bottom of the list. g Click OK.
170
4 Select an orientation option using one of the buttons at the bottom of the Page Setup dialog.
Landscape orientation with the top of the page on the right side of the paper Landscape orientation with the top of the page on the left side of the paper Portrait orientation (default for most templates)
171
To print the full document or a range of pages: 1 Choose File > Print. 2 Choose the printer you want to use from the Printer pop-up menu. If you don't see the printer you want to use, choose Edit Printer List and add it. To learn about adding a printer, search for Adding a printer in Mac OS Help. To find out where the printer you are using is located, pause with the pointer over the printer's name when you are choosing it from the Printer pop-up menu. 3 Type the number of copies you want to print in the Copies field, and select the checkbox labeled Collated if you want each group of pages to print together in order before printing the next group. If you want to print a batch of page 1, then page 2, then page 3, and so on, deselect the checkbox. 4 To print the entire document, select All next to Pages. 5 To print a range of pages, select From, and then type the page number of the first page in the From field, and the page number of the last page in the to field. 6 Click Print. Setting a Print Layout and Other Options The Copies & Pages pop-up menu in the Print dialog provides several other printing options, including using ColorSync to adjust color (see page 174), printing your document in reverse order, printing only odd or even pages, printing a cover page (separator page), and more. Once you have set your preferred printing options, you can save these settings as a preset so that you can use them again without going through all the steps. To print the document pages in reverse order: m Choose Paper Handling from the Copies & Pages pop-up menu, and select the checkbox labeled Reverse page order.
To print only odd or even pages: m Choose Paper Handling from the Copies & Pages pop-up menu, and select Odd numbered pages or Even numbered pages.
172
To print several pages on a single sheet of paper: 1 Choose Layout from the pop-up menu beneath the Presets pop-up menu.
See a preview of the layout you have set up. Print left to right first, then down. Print pages right to left first, then down. Print pages top to bottom first, then across to the right. Print pages top to bottom first, then across to the left. Select double-sided printing options. Choose a line style to separate the printed pages on each sheet.
2 Choose the number of pages you want to appear on each sheet from the Pages per Sheet pop-up menu. 3 Select a layout direction. 4 Choose the line style you want to separate each printed page from the Border pop-up menu. To print double-sided: m Choose Layout from the pop-up menu beneath the Presets pop-up menu, and then select one of the following: Long-Edge Binding: Prints the pages to be bound lengthwise. Short-Edge Binding: Prints the pages to be bound on the short side of the paper. Note: Not all printers can print double-sided. Check the documentation that came with your printer. To save your printing options as a preset: m Choose Save As from the Presets pop-up menu in the Print dialog and type a name for the preset.
173
To use the same settings in the future, choose the presets name from the Presets pop-up menu. Adjusting the Document Color With ColorSync You can make printed documents lighter, darker, or sepia-toned, or add other effects, by adding a Quartz filter to your printer output. The filter uses ColorSync technology to modify the printed document without modifying the document itself. You can also use ColorSync to change the resolution of your document. Note: Not all printers can print in color. Check the documentation that came with your printer. To adjust document color: 1 Choose File > Print. 2 Choose ColorSync from the pop-up menu beneath the Presets pop-up menu in the Print dialog. 3 Choose an option from the Color Conversion pop-up menu: Standard: Uses the default settings in Pages to control the color management of the printed document. In Printer: Lets the printer youre using control the color management of the printed document. 4 Choose an option from the Quartz Filter pop-up menu. To see a preview of the printed document with the Quartz filter you have chosen, click Preview. Once you have selected the Quartz filter you want, you can save this setting as part of your preset, as described above. For more information about ColorSync and Quartz filters, see ColorSync Utility Help by opening the ColorSync application (located in Applications/Utilities), and then choosing Help > ColorSync Utility Help.
The ColorSync Utility icon
174
175
11
11
This chapter assumes you are already familiar with the design and formatting features of Pages described in earlier chapters. The templates that come with Pages provide ideas for page designs, and also define the look of charts, tables, and text. Within each template, the following attributes can be defined: Page orientation Page margins Page numbering Background graphics (watermarks) A variety of text styles, including body text, headers, footers, callouts, and so on Table of contents styles Bullet and numbering styles Object fills and line styles for drawn objects Chart colors and styles Look of tables Additional template page designs You can modify any of these attributes to create your own templates. Creating your own template can also be as simple as selecting an existing template and adding your company logo to the page. If you want to customize an existing templatefor example, by adding images, changing the placeholder text, or defining new text stylessee the relevant sections in this chapter, and then read Step 4: Saving a Custom Template on page 186.
177
If you want to design a new template from scratch, begin with a Blank template. It may be useful to proceed through all of the sections in this chapter in order.
178
To place a master object: 1 Place a fixed graphic anywhere on the page. (Inline objects cannot be used as master objects.) 2 Set the object size. 3 Set object opacity. For more information, see Adjusting Opacity on page 135. 4 Mask any part of the image you dont want to appear. For more information, see Cropping (Masking) Fixed Images on page 111. 5 Set the text wrapping the way you want it. For more information, see Wrapping Text Around an Object on page 118. 6 If you want the object to appear behind text, select it and choose Arrange > Send to Back. 7 Choose Format > Advanced > Move Object to Section Master. Once the object has been placed on the section master, it cannot be selected, so you cant accidentally move it. If you want to move it or make changes to it, you can make it selectable. To edit a master object: m Choose Format > Advanced > Make Master Objects Selectable, and then select the object you want and edit it. Master objects have blue selection handles.
Master objects have blue selection handles.
To remove a master object and make it appear only on a single page: m Choose Format > Advanced > Move Object to Page. The object is no longer repeated on each page, but appears only on the selected page. It can be manipulated like any other fixed object.
179
To create alignment guides on a page: 1 Go to the page to which you want to add the alignment guides. 2 Click outside the main body of your document so that the insertion point is not visible. 3 Choose View > Show Rulers. 4 Place the pointer on a ruler and drag the blue alignment guide wherever you want on the page. (You can change the color of the alignment guides using Pages Preferences.)
180
181
Defining Attributes for Tables You can design the default table the way you like it, setting the number of rows and columns, line styles and colors, text styles, shadows, and so on. To set default table attributes: 1 Place a table on the page. 2 Select the table and set its attributes. To read about placing and formatting tables, see Chapter 8, Creating Tables. 3 Set text wrapping around the table. 4 Choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Table Style. 5 Delete the table from the page. Note: A table consists of distinct formatting areas, including the header row, header column, inside borders, and outside borders. To set default table attributes, you must apply each attribute to an entire formatting area. For example, if you change the formatting of one cell in a header row, the change will not be saved as part of the default table style; you need to change the formatting of all the cells in the header row. Setting Default Chart Styles For charts, you can set the default chart typethe type of chart that appears when you choose Insert > Chartand also the default look of each chart type. Default attributes must be set individually for each chart type. To set default chart styles and placement: 1 Place a chart on the page. 2 Select the chart and set its attributes. (To read about placing and formatting charts, see Chapter 9, Creating Charts.) 3 Set the text wrapping around the charts. 4 Once you have formatted and positioned all the charts, select each of them, one at a time, and choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Style for [chart type] Chart. 5 Select the chart type that you want to be the default (the one that first appears when you choose Insert > Chart), and choose Format > Advanced > Make [chart type] the Default Chart Type. 6 Delete the charts from the page.
182
Defining Default Attributes for Imported Graphics For imported graphics, you can set default shadows, opacity, and outline (stroke) color. To set default image attributes: 1 Place an image on the page. 2 Select the image and set its attributes. (To read about setting object attributes, see Changing Line Style on page 132, Adding Shadows on page 133, and Adjusting Opacity on page 135.) 3 Set text wrapping around the image. 4 Choose Format > Advanced > Define Default Image Style. 5 Delete the image from the page.
183
Important: When selecting blocks of text to define as placeholder text, be careful not to select the final paragraph break character. Doing so will cause the entire paragraph to be deleted when the user begins typing in the placeholder text, and the new text will take on the attributes of the following paragraph. To see the paragraph break character as you work, choose View > Show Invisibles. To remove placeholder text: m Select it and press Delete.
184
3 Type a name for the page design. 4 Choose the number of pages you want to include in the page design from the Include pop-up menu. 5 Delete the pages from your template if you want them to appear only in the Pages submenu, but not as a regular part of the template. To manage page layouts you have created: 1 Choose Format > Advanced > Manage Pages. A dialog opens.
2 Select a page title and click the up or down arrow buttons to change its position in the list. Click the Delete button to remove it from the list. 3 Click Done.
185
186
bullets modifying 84
A
accent marks 51 adding pages 31 aligning text 55 alignment of bulleted text 85 of text 54, 58 alignment guides 20 alternate pages different headers/ footers 100 anchor point icon 19 AppleWorks 29 area charts 168
C
callouts defining defaults 181 capitalization 54 Center Tab icon 59 characters formatting 48 typing special 52 character spacing 57 character style creating 82 modifying 81 Chart Data Editor 157 adding/deleting rows/ columns 158 editing rows and columns 158 charts adding 156 defining defaults 182 editing data 157 formatting appearance 159 formatting axes and labels 161 placing 109 show/hide legend 159
B
bar charts 166 baseline 54 baseline shift 79 bookmarks about 124 adding and using 125 breaks column 94 layout 18, 94 section 99 bulleted lists creating 62
transposing data series/ sets 153 checking spelling 42 clipping indicator 66, 68, 147 color gradient 130 object fill 130 of text 50, 57 opacity 128 selecting 128 Colors window 25, 127 ColorSync 174 column break 94 symbol 94 column charts 166 columns 92 changing outside margins 95 changing the number of 95 formatting 93 starting at top of page 95 copying text 39 cropping. See masking images custom template 186 cutting text 39
Index
187
Index
D
date field 97 decimal tab changing character 61 Decimal Tab icon 59 default template 30 deleting text 39 dictionary changing 43 language 79 document planning 25 printing 46, 169 saving 45 document layout show and hide 34
E
email addresses 125 exporting documents 175
about 107 adding 35 converting 110 resizing 115 Font panel about 24 formatting text 48 fonts 49 color 50 size 49 typeface 49 footers adding 97 footnotes formatting 99 inserting 98 numbering 90, 98 formatted text fields 97 formatting marks See invisibles
I
image placeholders. See placeholder graphics images adding fixed 35 adding inline 35 fill 130 masking 111 iMovie 113 importing AppleWorks 29 Microsoft Word 29 indent hanging 62 indenting list items 64 Info pane 90 inline object about 106 adding 35 converting 110 resizing 115 inset margin 69 inspectors about 23 invisibles 19 showing and hiding 34 iPhoto 113 iTunes 113
F
facing pages new document section 100 setting up 90, 96 file saving 45 file types list of graphic types 105 list of movie/sound types 122 finding and replacing text 39, 40 finding text 39, 40 first page setting up unique 100 fixed object 35
G
graph. See charts. See also images graphics importing files 107
H
headers and footers discontinuous 99 help, onscreen 12 HTML 175 hyperlinks creating 124 disabling for editing 126 to bookmarks 126 to email messages 124
K
keyboard layouts viewing 52
188
Index
L
landscape 91 language 79 changing 43 layout 92 show and hide 34 starting at top of page 95 layout break 18, 94 symbol 95 layout view 17 leader lines 61 Left Tab icon 59 ligature 54, 79 line break lists 63 line break icon 19 line charts 168 line spacing before/after paragraphs 57 setting 56 linked text boxes 66 lists bulleted 62 indenting 64 line break 63 numbered 62 list style modifying 84, 86 locking objects 38
setting for document 90 masking images 111 master graphics 101, 178 master object 99, 101 master objects 178 about 18 media importing files 107 Media Browser 113 about 34 Metrics Inspector 136 Microsoft Word 29, 175 exporting to 175
N
new document selection 30 Non-breaking space icon 19 numbering pages 96, 97
O
object locking/unlocking 117 text wrapping 121 objects adjusting position 137 adjusting size 137 constrain proportions 137 fixed 35 flip horizontally/ vertically 116 flipping and rotating 137 grouping/ ungrouping 117
locking/unlocking 38 moving backward/ forward 116 moving fixed 115 moving inline 115 opacity 135 rotating 115 selecting all 116 selecting behind text 116 shadows 134 text wrapping 119 opacity 135 ordered lists 63 creating 63 orientation, page 91 original size 138 orphan lines 78 outlines creating 62 outlines See ordered lists outline style modifying 86
P
page orientation 91, 169 setting margins 92 page break icon 19 page layouts creating and capturing 184 managing 184 page numbering 96, 97 discontinuous 99, 100 pages, additional 31 Page Setup 91, 169 paragraph
M
magnifying the view 17 margins page 92 paragraph 61
Index
189
background color 51 borders 67 fill color 67 indent 62 margins 61 paragraph break icon 19 paragraph fill 79 paragraph formatting using hyphenation 90 using ligatures 90 paragraph style creating new 80 modifying 77 PDF 110, 175 pie charts 164 placeholder graphics 15, 18, 34, 184 placeholder text about 18, 32 creating 183 editing 183 using 32 plain text 175 portrait orientation 91 position tags 36 presets 173 printing adjusting color 174 cover page 172 creating presets 173 document 46, 169 double-sided 173 odd/even pages only 172 paper size 169 reverse order 172 print preview 46
R
rich text format 175 Right Tab icon 59 RTF 175 rulers 20 changing units 20, 36 showing 36
S
saving documents 45 scaling an image 131 section break 99 shadows 134 text 51 shapes aligning text 55 inserting text in 68 placing 109 shortcut menu 25, 144 shortcuts keyboard 25 menus 25 sidebars defining defaults 181 size tags 36 smart quotes 53 space icon 19 spacing text 54 special characters/ symbols 52 spelling 42 strikethrough text 50 styles applying 73 copying and pasting 76 importing 74 modifying bulleted/ numbered 84
modifying character 81 modifying paragraph 77 modifying tiered list (outline) 86 overrides 75 Styles drawer about 21 subscript 47 superscript 47 symbols inserting in text 52
T
tab icon 19 table adding rows and columns 144 cells, aligning text 55 cells, automatically fit contents 147 cells, deleting contents 144 cells, formatting borders 149 cells, inset margins 149 cells, merging 146 cells, resizing 147 cells, selecting 142 cells, selecting borders 143 cells, splitting 147 cells, text alignment 148 delete rows and columns 145 editing text 143
190
Index
header rows and columns 146 number of rows and columns 145 placing 109, 140 setting defaults 182 Table Inspector 144 table of contents formatting 103 generating 102 pane 90 tabs changing decimal 61 changing default 59 tab stops deleting 61 setting 58, 60 Template Chooser 30 text alignment 55 alignment and spacing 54 capitalization 47 color 50 copying 39 cutting 39 deleting 39 formatting 48 raising or lowering 47 shadows 51 size 49 strikethrough lines 50 underlines 50 text box aligning text 55 defining defaults 181 formatting 69 linked 66
Text Inspector List pane 83 Tabs pane 59, 60 Text pane 55 text placeholders. See placeholder text text wrapping 118 tiered numbers 86 time field 97 tinted image fill 132 toolbar customizing 22 tracking 54 typography settings 50, 54 Typography window 54
U
underlining text 50 Undo command 33 URL detection 125
V
view layout 17 zooming in/out 17
W
watermarks 101, 178 widow lines 78 Wrap Inspector 118
Z
zooming in/out of document 17
Index
191
www.apple.com
034-2644-A Printed in XXXX