Chapter3 The Structure and Design of Press Dies
Chapter3 The Structure and Design of Press Dies
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5 . 2
3. Punches
Main consideration when design:
do not buckle;
be strong enough to withstand the stripping force;
not be able to rotate as a result of the cutting action.
3.1 punch face geometry
3.2 methods for assembling punches
3.3 punch calculations
3. Punches
3.1 punch face geometry
Flat punch-double bevel die
Concave punch-flat die
Bevel punch-flat die
Flat punch-concave die
a) flat,b) concave,c)bevel, d) double bevel
3. Punches
3.2 methods for assembling punches
Backing plate: P=F/A>P
d
3.3 punch calculations
Compression stress:
Buckling calculation:
) 8 . 0 ( 4
8 . 2
min
2
max
UTS LT
EI
l
t
=
) 8 . 0 ( 4
min
2
max
UTS LT
EI
l
t
=
4. Stripper plates
Solid stripper
The force of the press is used for stripping operation.
Elastic stripper
Usage:very accurate,
thin material,
thin punches.
How: hold the scrap strip in a
flat position before the punch
makes contact with the
workpiece.
5. Die components for guiding and stopping
The group of die components known as guides
and stops includes the following components:
5.1 Stock guide and guide rails
5.2 Die stops and french notch punch
5.3 Positioning the individual blank
5.4 Pilots
5. Die components for guiding and
stopping
5.1 Stock guide and guide rails
Guide rails: Used to guide the work strip through the die.
Be placed between the stock shelf of die block
and the stripper plate or guide plate.
Types: solid and elastic
5. Die components for guiding and
stopping
5.2 Die stops and french notch punch
Die stops: Used to stop the material strip after each feed movement is
completed.
French notch punch: Used for trimming away a length of work strip that
is equal to the progression of the die.
Finger stops: Used to stop new strips in the proper location in a die.
5. Die components for guiding and
stopping
5.3 Positioning the individual blank
a) Three dowels
b) A ring
c) A combination of dowels and guide-rails
5. Die components for guiding and
stopping
5.3 Pilots
Used in progressive and compound dies to position the work strip so
that the relationships between stations or previously punched holes
and the outside blanked contours of work pieces may be maintained.
3.3 Steps and contents of die design
1. Technological property analysis
2. Center of die pressure
3. Close height
4. General procedure
Homework: 3 supplements on center calculation
of die pressure.
1. Technological property analysis
Structure of work-piece
Dimensional tolerance(),
geometrical tolerance(),
and surface roughness()
Dimension base
2. Center of die pressure
The die pressure should be centered on a
vertical line passing through the specific point
that defines the resultant force of the punching
and blanking forces.
Mathematical solution X,Y=coordinates of the center
of the die pressure
x
i
,y
i
=coordinates of the center
of gravity of a partial length
of cut edge
L
i
=partial length of cut edges
n
n n
n
i
i
n
i
i i
L L L
x L x L x L
L
x L
X
+ + +
+ + +
= =
=
=
...
...
2 1
2 2 1 1
1
1
n
n n
n
i
i
n
i
i i
L L L
y L y L y L
L
y L
Y
+ + +
+ + +
= =
=
=
...
...
2 1
2 2 1 1
1
1
2. Center of die pressure
Graphical solution
Use the force polygon and
link polygon closed to
determine the main forces
LRx and LRy operating in
any two directions
(preferably at right angles).
The point of intersection of
the lines of application will
indicate the position of the
center of die pressure.
3. Close height
mm 10 mm 5
min max
> > H H H
ram
frame
plate
4. General procedure
4.1 According to the technique analysis , select die type
and determine die structure
structure of die----simple, compound, combination, et al.
operation way----manual, automatic or self-automatic
removal of blanks or scraps
stripper----elastic or solid
accuracy of die
4.2 Center of die pressure
Calculation/determination
4.3 Close height
4.4 Draw up the technological plan