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  • Cancer Is A Disease That Affects People of All Nationalities and Age Groups

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    Cancer is a disease that can affect any organ or tissue in the body and occurs in many different types. It starts with mutations in a single cell's DNA, usually caused by environmental factors rather than being inherited. As a person ages, they accumulate more mutations which can disrupt the normal cell cycle and cause cells to grow unchecked, eventually forming tumor masses. Cancer develops as cells learn to grow without normal growth signals and avoid programmed cell death.

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    Cancer

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    Cancer is a disease that can affect any organ or tissue in the body and occurs in many different types. It starts with mutations in a single cell's DNA, usually caused by environmental factors rather than being inherited. As a person ages, they accumulate more mutations which can disrupt the normal cell cycle and cause cells to grow unchecked, eventually forming tumor masses. Cancer develops as cells learn to grow without normal growth signals and avoid programmed cell death.

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    43 views1 page

    Cancer Is A Disease That Affects People of All Nationalities and Age Groups

    Uploaded by

    rajeshmangal
    Cancer is a disease that can affect any organ or tissue in the body and occurs in many different types. It starts with mutations in a single cell's DNA, usually caused by environmental factors rather than being inherited. As a person ages, they accumulate more mutations which can disrupt the normal cell cycle and cause cells to grow unchecked, eventually forming tumor masses. Cancer develops as cells learn to grow without normal growth signals and avoid programmed cell death.

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    Cancer is a disease that affects people of all nationalities and age groups.

    There are many different types of cancers affecting different parts of the body. A cancer, or tumor, can occur in any organ or tissue of the human body. Solid tumors form lumps, while liquid tumors flow freely in the blood. All cancers start with mutations in one cell. The mutations are in the cell's DNA and may be inherited. Less than 10% of all cancer mutations are inherited. Usually, the mutation arises as a result of environmental factors. The DNA mutation may be a single nucleotide change as shown below, or a deletion or duplication of DNA sequence. A change in the genetic sequence can then lead to the production of a mutant protein. Although in rare cases one mutation is enough, it is usually an accumulation of mutations that irreversibly transforms a normal cell into a cancerous one. As we age, we accumulate more and more mutations; this explains why cancer incidence increases with age. These mutations can disrupt the cells life cycle of growth, proliferation, and death. This leads to the accumulation of more rogue cancer cells and the development of a tumor mass. Cancer cells do not respond to signals that usually regulate cell growth and division. These cells grow unchecked, producing more and more cancer cells. Cancer cells have to learn how to grow in the absence of growth stimulatory signals that normal cells require from their environment. Cancer cells have to learn how to grow in the presence of growth inhibitory signals that normally succeed in stopping the proliferation of normal cells. Just as signals regulate cell growth and division, signals control cell death. Cancers can result from cells that do not die when they should. Cancer cells have to learn how to avoid the process of programmed cell death suicide otherwise known as apoptosis. A cell may die because it is damaged or old. Once a cell is signaled to die, the cell makes proteases and enzymes that degrade its components. The DNA in the nucleus is fragmented, the cell membrane shrinks, and, eventually, a neighboring cell engulfs the cellular remains.

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