Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Input and Output 2. Modules: Sample Programs - Week 4 AUTUMN 2004

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Gupta
    15 views5 pages
    This document provides examples of using modules and input/output in Fortran programming. It shows how to: 1. Create modules to share variables and routines between programs like conversion factors and physical constants. 2. Write formatted output to the screen or files and read input with formatted or non-advancing reads. 3. Use modules containing useful subprograms like a pressure calculation routine based on the ideal gas law.

    Original Description:

    hydraulics

    Original Title

    week4

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document provides examples of using modules and input/output in Fortran programming. It shows how to: 1. Create modules to share variables and routines between programs like conversion factors and physical constants. 2. Write formatted output to the screen or files and read input with formatted or non-advancing reads. 3. Use modules containing useful subprograms like a pressure calculation routine based on the ideal gas law.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views5 pages

    Input and Output 2. Modules: Sample Programs - Week 4 AUTUMN 2004

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Gupta
    This document provides examples of using modules and input/output in Fortran programming. It shows how to: 1. Create modules to share variables and routines between programs like conversion factors and physical constants. 2. Write formatted output to the screen or files and read input with formatted or non-advancing reads. 3. Use modules containing useful subprograms like a pressure calculation routine based on the ideal gas law.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    SAMPLE PROGRAMS WEEK 4 1. Input and output 2.

    Modules

    AUTUMN 2004

    1. Input and Output Example 1.1 Formatted output and writing to file.
    PROGRAM TRIG_TABLE ! Compiles a table of SIN, COS, TAN against angle in DEGREES IMPLICIT NONE INTEGER DEG ! angle in degrees REAL RAD ! angle in radians REAL PI ! mathematical pi INTEGER I ! a counter INTEGER :: STEP = 5 ! angular increment in degrees INTEGER :: NSTEP = 17 ! number of intervals CHARACTER (LEN=*), PARAMETER :: FMTHEAD = '( 1X, A3, 3( 2X, A7 ) )' CHARACTER (LEN=*), PARAMETER :: FMTDATA = '( 1X, I3, 3( 2X, F7.4 ) )' ! formats for headings and data

    WRITE ( *, FMTHEAD ) 'Deg', 'Sin', 'Cos', 'Tan' PI = 4.0 * ATAN( 1.0 ) DO I = 0, NSTEP DEG = I * STEP RAD = DEG * PI / 180.0 WRITE ( *, FMTDATA ) DEG, SIN( RAD ), COS( RAD ), TAN( RAD ) END DO END PROGRAM TRIG_TABLE

    Alternatively:
    WRITE ( *,'( 1X, A3, 3( 2X, A7 ) )' ) 'Deg', 'Sin', 'Cos', 'Tan' WRITE ( *,'( 1X, I3,3( 2X, F7.4 ) )' ) DEG, SIN( RAD ), COS( RAD ),TAN( RAD )

    or:
    100 FORMAT 110 FORMAT WRITE ( *, WRITE ( ( 1X, A3, 3( 2X, A7 ) ) ( 1X, I3, 3( 2X, F7.4 ) ) 100 ) 'Deg', 'Sin', 'Cos', 'Tan' *, 110 ) DEG, SIN( RAD ), COS( RAD ), TAN( RAD )

    Writing to file:
    OPEN ( 33, FILE = 'trig.out' ) ! open file for output WRITE ( 33, FMTHEAD ) 'Deg', 'Sin', 'Cos', 'Tan' WRITE ( 33, FMTDATA ) DEG, SIN( RAD ), COS( RAD ), TAN( RAD ) CLOSE ( 33 ) ! close file (tidiness is a virtue)

    Fortran

    Week 4 - 1

    David Apsley

    Example 1.2 Floating-point output.


    PROGRAM POWER ! Program tabulates a power-series expansion for EXP(X) IMPLICIT NONE REAL, EXTERNAL :: NEW_EXP INTEGER :: NSTEP = 15 REAL :: XMIN = 0.0, XMAX = 3.0 REAL DELTAX REAL X INTEGER I ! power series for EXP ! ! ! ! ! number of steps interval limits step size current X value a counter

    ! Format specifiers CHARACTER (LEN=*), PARAMETER :: FMT1 = '( 1X, A4 , 2( 2X, A10 ) )' CHARACTER (LEN=*), PARAMETER :: FMT2 = '( 1X, F4.2, 2( 2X, 1PE10.3 ) )'

    DELTAX = ( XMAX - XMIN ) / NSTEP WRITE ( *, FMT1 ) 'X', 'EXP', 'NEW_EXP' DO I = 0, NSTEP X = XMIN + I * DELTAX WRITE ( *, FMT2 ) X, EXP( X ), NEW_EXP( X ) END DO END PROGRAM POWER

    ! calculate step size ! write headers

    ! set X value ! write data

    !===============================================

    REAL FUNCTION NEW_EXP( X ) ! X X**2 X**3 ! Power series: NEW_EXP(X) = 1 + --- + ---- + ---- + ... ! 1! 2! 3! IMPLICIT NONE REAL, INTENT(IN) :: X INTEGER N REAL TERM REAL, PARAMETER :: TOLERANCE = 1.0E-07 ! argument of function ! number of a term ! a term in the series ! truncation level

    ! First term N = 0; TERM = 1;

    NEW_EXP = TERM

    ! first term

    ! Add successive terms until they become negligible DO WHILE ( ABS( TERM ) > TOLERANCE ) ! criterion for continuing N = N + 1 ! index of next term TERM = TERM * X / N ! new term is a multiple of last NEW_EXP = NEW_EXP + TERM ! add to sum END DO END FUNCTION NEW_EXP

    Fortran

    Week 4 - 2

    David Apsley

    Example 1.3 Illustrating formatted READ, non-advancing i/o and the IOSTAT= specifier. Note: An input file text.dat is required: any favourite piece of literature will do!
    PROGRAM ANALYSE_TEXT IMPLICIT NONE INTEGER :: IO = 0 ! holds i/o status INTEGER :: NLETTERS = 0 ! number of letters read INTEGER :: NWORDS = 0 ! number of words read CHARACTER CH, LAST_CH ! successive characters CHARACTER (LEN=*), PARAMETER :: ALPHABET = & 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz' CHARACTER, PARAMETER :: SPACE=' '

    LAST_CH = SPACE ! Open the text file OPEN ( 10, FILE = 'text.dat' ) ! Read characters one-by-one until end of file is reached DO WHILE ( IO /= -1 ) ! IO=-1 means EOF ! Read one character READ ( 10, '( A1 )', IOSTAT = IO, ADVANCE = 'NO' ) CH IF ( IO == 0 ) THEN PRINT *, 'Character = ', CH ! a character has been read

    ! Is it a new word? IF (LAST_CH == SPACE .AND. CH /= SPACE ) NWORDS = NWORDS + 1 ! Is it a letter of the alphabet or something else? IF ( INDEX( ALPHABET, CH ) /= 0 ) NLETTERS = NLETTERS + 1 LAST_CH = CH ELSE PRINT *, 'IO = ', IO LAST_CH = SPACE END IF END DO ! update last character ! end of line or end of file

    ! Close the text file CLOSE (10)

    ! Output the analysis PRINT *, 'Number of letters = ', NLETTERS PRINT *, 'Number of words = ', NWORDS END PROGRAM ANALYSE_TEXT

    Fortran

    Week 4 - 3

    David Apsley

    2. Modules Example 2.1 Illustrating modules used to share related parameters and variables. Compilation and linking commands: ftn95 conversion.f95 ftn95 distance.f95 slink distance.obj conversion.obj conversion.f95
    MODULE CONVERSION ! Length conversion factors IMPLICIT NONE REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER :: :: :: :: MILES_TO_METRES YARDS_TO_METRES FEET_TO_METRES INCHES_TO_METRES = = = = 1609.0 0.9144 0.3048 0.0254

    END MODULE CONVERSION

    distance.f95
    PROGRAM DISTANCE USE CONVERSION IMPLICIT NONE REAL METRES REAL AMOUNT CHARACTER UNITS ! distance in metres ! numerical quantity ! units (i-inches, f-feet, y-yards, m-miles) ! make conversion factors available

    PRINT *, 'Input amount and units (i-inches, f-feet, y-yard, m-mile)' READ *, AMOUNT, UNITS SELECT CASE (UNITS) CASE ( 'i' , 'I' CASE ( 'f' , 'F' CASE ( 'y' , 'Y' CASE ( 'm' , 'M' END SELECT

    ); ); ); );

    METRES METRES METRES METRES

    = = = =

    AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT

    * * * *

    INCHES_TO_METRES FEET_TO_METRES YARDS_TO_METRES MILES_TO_METRES

    PRINT *, 'Distance in metres = ', METRES END PROGRAM DISTANCE

    Fortran

    Week 4 - 4

    David Apsley

    Example 2.2 Illustrating modules as CONTAINers of useful routines. Compilation and linking commands: ftn95 physics.f95 ftn95 gas.f95 slink gas.obj physics.obj physics.f95
    MODULE PHYSICS ! Physical constants and some useful subprograms IMPLICIT NONE REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, REAL, PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER PARAMETER :: :: :: :: :: :: :: :: SPEED_OF_LIGHT PLANCKS_CONSTANT GRAVITATIONAL_CONSTANT ELECTRON_MASS ELECTRON_CHARGE STEFAN_BOLTZMANN_CONSTANT IDEAL_GAS_CONSTANT AVOGADRO_NUMBER = = = = = = = = 3.00E+08 6.63E-34 6.67E-11 9.11E-31 1.60E-19 5.67E-08 8.31E+00 6.02E+23 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! (m/s) (J s) (N m2/kg2) (kg) (C) (W/m2/K4) (J/K) (/mol)

    CONTAINS REAL FUNCTION PRESSURE( n, T, V ) ! Computes pressure by ideal gas law (pV=nRT) REAL n, T, V ! moles, temperature, volume PRESSURE = n * IDEAL_GAS_CONSTANT * T / V END FUNCTION PRESSURE END MODULE PHYSICS

    gas.f95
    PROGRAM IDEAL_GAS ! Program to test module <physics> USE PHYSICS IMPLICIT NONE REAL REAL REAL REAL REAL RMM MASS TEMPERATURE VOLUME MOLES ! ! ! ! ! relative molecular mass mass (kg) temperature (K) volume (m3) moles of gas ! access module

    PRINT *, 'Input relative molecular mass' READ *, RMM PRINT *, 'Input mass(kg), temperature(K), volume(m3)' READ *, MASS, TEMPERATURE, VOLUME MOLES = 1000.0 * MASS / RMM ! calculate moles of gas

    PRINT *, 'Pressure = ', PRESSURE( MOLES, TEMPERATURE, VOLUME ), 'Pa' END PROGRAM IDEAL_GAS

    Fortran

    Week 4 - 5

    David Apsley

    You might also like