Viral Diseases
Viral Diseases
Viral Diseases
Yin Guang-wen
Dept. of Dermatology The First
Affiliated Hospital of ZhengzhouUniversity
Viral Diseases
Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites.
Two main groups of viruses are distinguished:DNA and RNA.
viruses can cause some skin diseases,such as:
- Varicella
- Herpes Zoster
- Herpes Simplex
- Cowpox
- Measles
- Warts (verruca) and so on
Varicella & Herpes Zoster
Varicella & Herpes Zoster are distinct clinical entities caused by
varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
VZV is a double-stranded DNA virus.
The differences between these two diseases are due to differences in the
host and in the circumstances of infection.
Varicella is the result of primary infection of a susceptible individual.
Herpes zoster represent activation of an endogenous infection that has
persisted in latent form following an earlier attack of varicella.
Varicella & Herpes Zoster
Symptoms
- Typically include prodromal sensory phenomena
along 1 or more skin dermatomes lasting 1-10 days
(averaging 48 h), which usually are noted as pain or,
rarely, paresthesias.
Complications
Postherpetic neuralgia
is uncommon in patients less than 40 years old
this complication
is very difficult to control
Scarring
is uncommon, except in elderly and immuno-suppressed
patients;
is correlated with the severity of the initial eruption.
Course
The total duration of the eruption depends on
patient age
severity of eruption
presence of underlying immunosuppression
Analgesic(pain killer)
- Amitriptyline at a dosage of 25 to 75 mg in a single nightly
dose may be helpful in managing postherpetic neuralgia
once it occurs.
- opiate analgesia may be effective if these measures fail
vitamin
- vitB1,B12,help inflammeted nerve cells recover
Therapy
Topical treatment
- When the vesiculopustules of herpes zoster rupture,
crusting and weeping are reduced with astringent
compresses. eg,calamine lotion
- Capsaicin analgesic cream 0.075% used topically to kill
pain
Viral Diseases
Warts
Definition
Periungual warts