Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Global Tuberculosis Report 2015 by WHO
Global Tuberculosis Report 2015 by WHO
Global
tuberculosis
report
Contents
Abbreviations iv
Acknowledgements
Preface
ix
Executive summary
Chapter 1. Introduction
36
Chapter 4. Drug-resistant TB
54
69
78
Chapter 7. Financing
87
105
Annexes
1. Access to the WHO global TB database
117
123
147
155
Abbreviations
ART
antiretroviral therapy
NHA
ARV
antiretroviral (drug)
NHI
BCG Bacille-Calmette-Gurin
NIAID
NRL
CDR
NTP
national TB programme
CHMP
OBR
OECD
CI
confidence interval
CPT
OOP out-of-pocket
CTD
PK pharmacokinetic
CROI
PMDT
CRS
PPM
public-private mix
DST
RNTCP
EMA
EQA
RR-TB
rifampicin-resistant TB
FDA
SDGs
FIND
SMS
GDP
SRL
GHE
SRL-CE
HBC
high-burden country
TAG
HIV
TB tuberculosis
HVTN
TBTC
TB Trial Consortium
IDRI
TBVI
IGRA
TPP
IMPAACT
TST
UHC
IPT
UNAIDS
LED
LF-LAM
USAID
LPA
VR
vital registration
LTBI
latent TB infection
WHA
MDGs
WHO
MDR-TB
multidrug-resistant TB
XDR-TB
extensively drug-resistant TB
NAAT
ZN Ziehl-Neelsen
BRICS
Acknowledgements
Preface
Dr Mario Raviglione
began to monitor the financing of TB control to assess whether Member States were
investing as required. Later, we integrated data from the drug resistance surveillance
system to enable us to assess comprehensively all the key indicators needed to monitor
progress and to identify and correct problems. Our team, under the guidance of Dr
Philippe Glaziou, developed more precise estimates of the burden of TB, improving
the methodology to measure incidence, prevalence and mortality. In particular, since
2006, concerted efforts have been guided by the WHO Global Task Force on TB Impact
Measurement, resulting in substantially increased data from national TB prevalence
surveys and much greater use of mortality data from vital registration systems.
As a result of these efforts, 20 years later, we are able to judge fairly precisely the
status of the epidemic and the response of Member States. We can assess where people
with TB are missing from notification systems; where cure rates remain low and failure
rates are high; where multidrug- resistant TB is a serious issue; and where domestic
funding must be complemented by international financing. None of this was possible in
1995.
We are now entering the era of the Sustainable Development Goals, in which
paradigm shifts are expected in all sectors, including health. TB is an infectious disease
that, despite all progress, claims a number of deaths paralleled only by those from HIV/
AIDS. To end the epidemic (defined as an incidence of fewer than 100 cases per million
people) by 2035 will require a rapid upgrade of care and managerial standards.
During the next 20 years, we will need to change our mentality and adopt all effective
innovations, including those exploiting digital technology, especially in the realm of
information management. Novel ways of diagnosing and reporting already exist and
their adoption will help us evolve further towards interventions that are more userfriendly, cheaper and more sustainable. If fully adopted, these technologies will not only
transform the way we handle care and surveillance, but will increase the effectiveness of
managerial and training efforts for the benefit of those who suffer from TB.
On the occasion of the publication of this 20th WHO global TB report, which
coincides with the assessment of the 2015 global TB targets set as part of the Millennium
Development Goals, I am humbled by the progress in terms of impact and operations
that we have witnessed in many countries over two decades. The Global Report
is a testimony to the tireless efforts of many people worldwide, from National TB
Programme staff to community members, from clinicians and nurses to those working
for non-governmental organizations who have devoted themselves to the noble fight
against a classic example of a disease of poverty.
Mario Raviglione
Director of the Global TB Programme
Executive summary
Background
The year 2015 is a watershed moment in the battle against
tuberculosis (TB). It marks the deadline for global TB targets
set in the context of the Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs), and is a year of transitions: from the MDGs to a new
era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and from the
Stop TB Strategy to the End TB Strategy. It is also two decades since WHO established a global TB monitoring system;
since that time, 20 annual rounds of data collection have
been completed.
Using data from 205 countries and territories, which
account for more than 99% of the worlds population, this
global TB report documents advances in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It also identifies areas
where efforts can be strengthened.
Drug-resistant TB
"" Globally, an estimated 3.3% of new TB cases and 20% of
Financing
"" The funding required for a full response to the global TB
epidemic in low- and middle-income countries is estimated at US$ 8 billion per year in 2015, excluding research
and development. Projections made in 2013 suggested
that, by 2015, about US$ 6 billion could be mobilized from
domestic sources, leaving a balance of US$ 2 billion needed from international donors.
"" Based on self-reporting by countries, funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment reached US$ 6.6 billion
in 2015, up from US$ 6.2 billion in 2014 and more than double the level of 2006 (US$ 3.2 billion).
"" Overall, 87% (US$ 5.8 billion) of the US$ 6.6 billion available in 2015 is from domestic sources.
"" International donor funding reported by countries to
WHO has increased since 2006, reaching US$ 0.8 billion in
2015.
"" The total amount of international donor funding recorded in the creditor reporting system of the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is higher: the latest data show total contributions of US$ 1 billion
in 2013. Of this amount, 77% was from the Global Fund.
The largest country donor was the government of the
United States of America, which contributed about one
third of the TB funding channelled via the Global Fund as
well as bilateral funds of US$362 million for TB and TB/
HIV in 2013.1
"" Domestic funding accounts for more than 90% of the
total funding in 2015 in three country groups: Brazil, the
Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa (BRICS);
upper-middle-income countries; and regions outside
Africa and Asia.
1
Not all of these bilateral funds are captured in the OECD database. For
example, this does not record flows of funds between OECD countries,
and funding for TB/HIV may be coded as funding for HIV.
Tiemersma EW et al. Natural history of tuberculosis: duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-negative patients:
A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 2011, 6(4): e17601.
CHAPTER
Introduction
are: TB case notifications and treatment outcomes; drugresistant TB; diagnostics and laboratory strengthening;
addressing the co-epidemics of TB and HIV; financing; and
research and development. Since the end of 2015 also marks
the end of the MDG and Stop TB Strategy eras and the start of
a post-2015 development framework (20162030) of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)3 and an associated post-2015
global TB strategy,4 each chapter of the report features content related to the transition to the new End TB Strategy
(Box1.3).
As usual, the 2015 global TB report is based on data collected in annual rounds of global TB data collection from
countries and territories, including 194 Member States. This
is done using a web-based system (https://extranet.who.int/
tme), which was opened for reporting in mid-March. In 2015,
205 countries and territories that account for more than 99%
of the worlds population and estimated TB cases reported
data; this included 183 of WHOs 194 Member States. Data
about the provision of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT)
to people living with HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART)
for HIV-positive TB patients, which were collected by the
HIV department in WHO and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), were also used. Following
review and follow-up with countries, the results presented in
the main part of this report are based on data available on 6
August 2015.
The report has four annexes. Annex 1 describes the contents of the global TB database, how data were collected and
how to access the data. Annex 2 contains country profiles for
the 22 high-burden countries (profiles for other countries
are available online5) and Annex 3 contains regional profiles.
Annex 4 provides detailed data tables for key indicators for
the most recent year for which data or estimates are available, for all countries.
As the 20th in the series, this 2015 global TB report marks
an important landmark in global TB monitoring by WHO.
In 2014, there were an estimated 1.2 million deaths due to HIV; this
includes 0.4 million deaths from TB among HIV-positive people. See
unaids.org.
Raviglione M, Uplekar M. WHOs new Stop TB strategy. The Lancet, 2006;
367: 9525.
4
5
http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/focussdgs.html
Uplekar M, Weil D, Lonnroth K, Jaramillo E, Lienhardt C, Dias HM, et al.
WHOs new End TB Strategy. The Lancet. 2015;385:1799801.
www.who.int/tb/data.
A TB-free world
GOAL
To dramatically reduce the global burden of TB by 2015 in line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and
the Stop TB Partnership targets
n Achieve universal access to high-quality care for all people with TB
n Reduce the human suffering and socioeconomic burden associated with TB
OBJECTIVES
TARGETS
COMPONENTS
1. Pursue high-quality DOTS expansion and enhancement
a. Secure political commitment, with adequate and sustained financing
b. Ensure early case detection, and diagnosis through quality-assured bacteriology
c. Provide standardized treatment with supervision, and patient support
d. Ensure effective drug supply and management
e. Monitor and evaluate performance and impact
2. Address TB/HIV, MDR-TB, and the needs of poor and vulnerable populations
a. Scale up collaborative TB/HIV activities
b. Scale up prevention and management of MDR-TB
c. Address the needs of TB contacts, and of poor and vulnerable populations
3. Contribute to health system strengthening based on primary health care
a. Help improve health policies, human resource development, financing, supplies, service delivery and information
b. Strengthen infection control in health services, other congregate settings and households
c. Upgrade laboratory networks, and implement the Practical Approach to Lung Health
d. Adapt successful approaches from other fields and sectors, and foster action on the social determinants of health
4. Engage all care providers
a. Involve all public, voluntary, corporate and private providers through publicprivate mix approaches
b. Promote use of the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care
5. Empower people with TB, and communities through partnership
a. Pursue advocacy, communication and social mobilization
b. Foster community participation in TB care, prevention and health promotion
c. Promote use of the Patients Charter for Tuberculosis Care
6. Enable and promote research
a. Conduct programme-based operational research
b. Advocate for and participate in research to develop new diagnostics, drugs and vaccines.
A WORLD FREE OF TB
zero deaths, disease and suffering due to TB
GOAL
INDICATORS
2020
2025
SDG 2030a
End TB 2035
35%
75%
90%
95%
20%
(<85/100 000)
50%
(<55/100 000)
80%
(<20/100 000)
90%
(<10/100 000)
TARGETS
CHAPTER
* The underlying cause of TB deaths among HIV-positive people is classified as HIV in the international classification of diseases system.
The burden of TB disease can be measured in terms of incidence (defined as the number of new and relapse cases of TB
arising in a given time period, usually one year), prevalence
(defined as the number of cases of TB at a given point in time)
and mortality (defined as the number of deaths caused by TB
in a given time period, usually one year).
This chapter presents the latest WHO estimates of TB
incidence, prevalence and mortality between 1990 and 2015.
Special emphasis is given to assessment of whether 2015 tar-
2.1
TB incidence
1
2
Inventory studies can be used to measure the number of cases that are
diagnosed but not reported. A guide on inventory studies is available
at: www.who.int/tb/publications/inventory_studies.
Development of a guide on inventory studies to measure underreporting of detected TB cases,d and support to such studies in
priority countries. One of the main reasons for uncertainty in
estimates of TB incidence is that in many countries, especially
those with a large private sector, cases may be detected but
not reported. An inventory study can be used to quantify the
number of cases that are detected but not reported to national
surveillance systems, and serve as a basis for addressing gaps in
reporting.
Expanded use of data from vital registration (VR) systems
and mortality surveys to produce estimates of the number of
TB deaths, and contributions to wider efforts to promote VR
systems. In this report, estimates of TB mortality are based on
such data sources for 129 countries (Figure 2.15).
There has been substantial success in the implementation of
national TB prevalence surveys. Between 2009 and 2015, 18
countries including 15/22 global focus countries completed a
survey and more are scheduled to do so by 2016 (Figure 2.11,
Figure2.12). Results from these surveys have provided a large body
of new evidence about the burden of TB disease (Box 2.2) and also
have important policy, programmatic and funding implications
(Box2.4).
A Task Force subgroup undertook a major review and
update of methods between June 2008 and October 2009.
Recommendations were endorsed at a full meeting of the Task
Force in March 2010. A second thorough and comprehensive
review of these methods as well as possible alternatives was
undertaken in 2015, with the purpose of reaching consensus on
methods to be used for reporting in the 2015 global TB report on
whether 2015 targets were met. The key recommendation from the
group of experts was that existing methods should be used the
consensus was to finish the cycle with established methods.e
Electronic recording and reporting for TB care and control. Geneva, World
Health Organization, 2011 (WHO/HTM/TB/2011.22). Available at
www.who.int/tb/publications/electronic_recording_reporting
d Assessing tuberculosis underreporting through inventory studies. Geneva,
World Health Organization, 2013 (WHO/HTM/TB/2012.12). Available
at: www.who.int/tb/publications/inventory_studies
e www.who.int/tb/advisory_bodies/impact_measurement_
taskforce/meetings/global_consultation_meeting_report.pdf
vvv
Box 2.2 Updates to estimates of TB disease burden in this report and updates that
are anticipated in the near future
UPDATES IN THIS REPORT
FIGURE B2.2.1
Estimates of TB prevalence (all ages, all forms of TB) for 17 countries, before (in
blue) and after (in red) results from national prevalence surveys became available.
Panels are ordered according to the before-after difference.a
Asia
Africa
UR Tanzaniaa
Malawi
Ghana
Nigeria
Zambia
Rwanda
Sudan
Ethiopia
Zimbabwe
Gambia
Lao PDR
Indonesia
Cambodia
Thailand
China
Pakistan
Myanmar
0.25
0.50
1.00
2.00
5.00
10.00
0.25
0.50
1.00
2.00
5.00
10.00
The wide uncertainty interval of the post-survey estimate for the United Republic of Tanzania is
because laboratory challenges meant that it was only possible to directly estimate the prevalence of
smear-positive (as opposed to bacteriologically confirmed) TB.
n FIGURE 2.1
Countries that had completed a systematic assessment of TB surveillance using the WHO TB surveillance checklist of
standards and benchmarks by August 2015
n FIGURE 2.2
Main method
Case notifications,
expert opinion
Prevalence survey
Case notifications,
standard adjustment
Capturerecapture
No data
Not applicable
a
In the first method, case notification data are combined with expert opinion about case detection gaps (under-reporting and under-diagnosis), and
trends are estimated using either mortality data, repeat surveys of the annual risk of infection or exponential interpolation using estimates of case
detection gaps for three years. For all high-income countries except the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, notifications are adjusted by a standard
amount or measure of under-reporting from inventory studies, to account for case detection gaps. For further details about all four methods, see text.
2013
36735
33800
32515
31534
Under-reporting
11.5%
6.7%
3
4
5
n TABLE 2.1
Estimated epidemiological burden of TB, 2014. Best estimates are followed by the lower and upper bounds of the 95%
uncertainty interval. Numbers in thousands.a
POPULATION
Afghanistan
31 628
Bangladeshc
159 078
Brazil
206 078
Cambodia
China
DR Congo
Ethiopia
MORTALITYb
14
HIV-POSITIVE TB
MORTALITY
PREVALENCE
INCIDENCE
HIV-POSITIVE INCIDENT
TB CASES
1018
<0.1
00.1
110
56180
60
5367
0.3
0.20.4
81
59110
0.2
0.10.2
640
3401 000
360
320410
0.6
0.40.7
5.3
4.95.7
2.4
1.83.2
110
51180
90
8695
16
1417
15 328
8.9
6.312
0.8
0.61.0
100
87120
60
5466
1.8
1.62.0
1 369 436
38
3740
0.7
0.50.9
1 200
1 1001 400
930
8601 000
13
1116
74 877
52
3868
6.3
5.07.7
400
210640
240
220270
34
2742
96 959
32
2243
5.5
4.46.8
160240
19
1523
1 295 292
220
150350
31
2538
2 500
1 7003 500
2 200
2 0002 300
110
96120
Indonesia
254 455
100
66150
22
1332
1 600
1 3002 000
1 000
7001 400
63
4190
Kenya
44 864
9.4
6.712
8.1
6.410
120
64190
110
110110
40
3842
27 216
18
1226
37
2945
150
80240
150
120180
85
65110
India
Mozambique
Myanmar
190
160240
200
53 437
28
2037
4.1
3.35.1
240
190310
200
180220
19
1524
Nigeria
177 476
170
91280
78
53110
590
450740
570
340870
100
59160
Pakistan
185 044
48
11110
1.3
0.81.9
630
530740
500
370650
6.4
4.48.7
99 139
10
9.011
<0.1
00.1
410
360470
290
250320
2.5
2.03.2
143 429
16
1516
1.1
0.81.3
160
70270
120
110130
5.5
4.56.6
270
240310
Philippines
Russian Federation
South Africa
53 969
24
2226
72
5889
380
210590
450
400510
Thailand
67 726
7.4
3.912
4.5
2.37.4
160
110220
120
61190
15
Uganda
37 783
4.5
3.26.1
6.4
5.08.1
60
3395
61
5369
28
2432
UR Tanzania
51 823
30
1354
28
1543
270
110510
170
80290
62
29110
Viet Nam
92 423
17
1123
1.9
1.32.5
180
76330
130
110150
5.78.5
Zimbabwe
15 246
2.3
1.43.4
5.2
3.27.8
44
2471
42
2958
25
1735
4 552 704
940
7901 100
320
280360
10 000
9 20012 000
8 000
7 5008 500
930
8501 000
963 361
450
350560
310
270350
3 200
2 8003 600
2 700
2 4003 000
870
790950
High-burden
countries
AFR
AMR
981 613
17
1618
5.26.8
350
EMR
635 745
88
43150
3.2
2.64.0
1 000
EUR
7.824
270440
280
270290
36
3438
8801 200
740
610890
12
1015
907 279
33
3334
3.2
2.73.7
440
320350
20
1821
SEAR
1 906 087
460
350570
62
5174
5 400
4 4006 500
4 000
3 7004 400
210
180240
WPR
1 845 184
88
8195
4.9
4.25.7
2 100
1 9002 400
1 600
1 5001 600
31
2835
Global
7 239 269
1 100
9701 300
390
350430
13 000
11 00014 000
9 600
9 10010 000
1 200
330560
340
1 1001 300
Numbers for mortality, prevalence and incidence shown to two significant figures. Totals (HBCs, regional and global) are computed prior to rounding.
b Mortality excludes deaths among HIV-positive TB cases. Deaths among HIV-positive TB cases are classified as HIV deaths according to ICD-10 and are
shown separately in this table.
c For Bangladesh, a joint reassessment of estimates of TB disease burden will be undertaken following completion of the national TB prevalence survey.
n TABLE 2.2
Estimated epidemiological burden of TB, 2014. Best estimates are followed by the lower and upper bounds of the 95%
uncertainty interval. Rates per 100 000 population except where indicated.
POPULATION
(THOUSANDS)
Afghanistan
31 628
Bangladeshb
159 078
Brazil
206 078
Cambodia
China
DR Congo
Ethiopia
MORTALITYa
44
HIV-POSITIVE
TB MORTALITY
3257
0.3
51
3768
2.6
2.42.7
PREVALENCE
INCIDENCE
HIV PREVALENCE IN
INCIDENT TB CASES (%)
0.20.3
340
178555
189
167212
0.5
0.40.7
0.1
00.1
404
211659
227
200256
0.2
0.10.2
1.2
0.91.6
52
2589
44
4246
17
1619
15 328
58
4178
5.3
4.16.7
668
565780
390
353428
3.0
2.83.2
1 369 436
2.8
2.72.9
<0.1
00.1
89
78102
68
6373
1.4
1.21.7
74 877
69
5090
8.4
6.710
532
282859
325
295356
14
1117
96 959
33
2344
5.7
4.67.0
200
161243
207
168250
9.3
8.210
1 295 292
17
1227
2.4
2.02.9
195
131271
167
156179
5.0
4.55.4
Indonesia
254 455
41
2659
8.5
5.213
647
513797
399
274546
6.2
5.17.5
Kenya
44 864
21
1528
18
1422
266
142427
246
240252
36
3438
27 216
67
4496
134
106165
554
295893
551
435680
57
5063
India
Mozambique
Myanmar
53 437
53
3870
7.7
6.19.5
457
352575
369
334406
9.7
7.912
Nigeria
177 476
97
51156
44
3061
330
253417
322
189488
18
1522
Pakistan
185 044
26
6.061
0.7
0.41.0
341
285402
270
201350
1.3
11.5
99 139
10
9.111
<0.1
00.1
417
367471
288
254324
0.9
0.71.1
143 429
11
1111
0.7
0.60.9
109
49192
84
7693
4.6
3.85.3
South Africa
53 969
44
4148
134
107164
696
3901 090
834
737936
61
5666
Thailand
67 726
11
5.718
6.6
3.411
236
161326
171
90276
13
1214
Uganda
37 783
12
8.416
17
1321
159
87253
161
141183
45
4248
UR Tanzania
51 823
58
26104
53
3084
528
215979
327
155561
37
3242
Viet Nam
92 423
18
1225
1.42.7
198
83362
140
116167
5.4
55.9
Zimbabwe
15 246
15
9.522
34
2151
292
158465
278
193379
60
5565
4 552 704
21
1724
6.9
6.17.8
227
203253
176
165188
12
1013
963 361
46
3658
32
2836
330
288375
281
250313
32
2837
AMR
981 613
1.7
1.61.8
0.6
0.50.7
36
2845
28
2729
13
1214
EMR
635 745
14
6.823
0.5
0.40.6
160
139183
117
96140
1.7
1.32.2
Philippines
Russian Federation
High-burden
countries
AFR
EUR
907 279
3.7
3.63.8
0.3
0.30.4
48
3661
37
3539
5.9
5.46.5
SEAR
1 906 087
24
1930
3.3
2.73.9
286
233343
211
192232
5.2
4.36.1
WPR
1 845 184
4.8
4.45.1
0.3
0.20.3
116
104128
85
8089
2.0
1.82.3
Global
7 239 269
16
1318
5.3
4.85.9
174
158190
133
126141
12
1113
Mortality excludes deaths among HIV-positive TB cases. Deaths among HIV-positive TB cases are classified as HIV deaths according to ICD-10 and are
shown separately in this table.
b For Bangladesh, a joint reassessment of estimates of TB disease burden will be undertaken following completion of the national TB prevalence survey.
n FIGURE 2.3
Estimated absolute numbers of TB cases and deaths (in millions per year), 19902014
TB incidence
TB deaths
10
All TB cases
1.5
Millions
Millions
0.5
2
0
TB deaths among
HIV-negative people
TB deaths among
HIV-positive peoplea
HIV-positive TB cases
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
n FIGURE 2.4
Estimated TB incidence: top-ten countries, 2014. The range shows the lower and upper bounds of the 95% uncertainty
interval. The bullet marks the best estimate.
Incidence: rates
Indonesia
China
Nigeria
Ethiopia
Gabon
DPR Korea
0.0
TimorLeste
DR Congo
Mozambique
Philippines
Namibia
Bangladesh
Djibouti
South Africa
Swaziland
Pakistan
Lesotho
South Africa
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Millions
300
600
900
2.2 TB prevalence
In countries with a relatively high burden of TB (around 100
cases per 100 000 population or more), the prevalence of
bacteriologically-confirmed pulmonary TB can be directly
measured in nationwide population-based surveys using
sample sizes of around 50000 people. Survey results can be
used to produce a national estimate of TB prevalence that
includes all forms of TB. The cost of a survey usually ranges
from US$1 to 4million, and comprehensive theoretical
and practical guidance on survey design, implementation,
n TABLE 2.3
TB INCIDENCE RATE
TB PREVALENCE RATE
TB MORTALITY RATE
Met
Almost met
Almost met
African (AFR)
Met
Not met
Not met
Americas (AMR)
Met
Met
Met
Met
Not met
Met
European (EUR)
Met
Not met
Not met
Met
Met
Met
Met
Met
Met
Not met
Not met
Not met
Met
Met
Met
TARGET
GLOBAL
Global
WHO REGION
22 HIGH-BURDEN COUNTRIES
AFR
DR Congo
Ethiopia
Met
Not met
Not met
Mozambique
Not met
Not met
Almost met
Nigeria
Not met
Not met
Not met
South Africa
Met
Not met
Not met
Uganda
Met
Met
Met
UR Tanzania
Met
Not met
Not met
Zimbabwe
Met
Not met
Met
AMR
Brazil
Met
Met
Met
EMR
Afghanistan
Not met
Not met
Not met
Pakistan
Not met
Not met
Met
Kenya
Met
Not met
Not met
Not met
Not met
Not met
India
Met
Met
Met
Indonesia
Met
Not met
Not met
Myanmar
Met
Met
Met
Thailand
Met
Not met
Almost met
Cambodia
Met
Met
Met
China
Met
Met
Met
Philippines
Met
Met
Met
Viet Nam
Met
Met
Met
EUR
Russian Federation
SEAR
Bangladeshb
WPR
Met (green) means that the target was achieved before or by the end of 2015. Not met (orange) means that the target will not be achieved by the end
of 2015. Almost met (light green) means that the reduction was in the range 4049%, according to the best estimate. Values for 2015 were based on an
algorithm that selects the best performing among a family of exponential smoothing via state-space models of the 20052014 time-series.
b For Bangladesh, a joint reassessment of estimates of TB disease burden will be undertaken following completion of the national TB prevalence survey.
n FIGURE 2.5
HIV prevalence in
new TB cases,
all ages (%)
04
519
2049
50
No data
Not applicable
n FIGURE 2.6
Estimated new TB
cases (all forms) per
100 000 population
per year
09.9
1019
2049
50124
125299
300499
500
No data
Not applicable
n FIGURE 2.7
Global distribution of estimated TB incidence by rate and absolute number, 2014. The size of each bubble is proportional to
the size of the countrys population. High-burden countries are shown in red.
WHO region
India
4000
Cases per year (thousands)
2000
1500
SEAR
3000
AFR
2000
WPR
1000
EUR
Indonesia
EMR
AMR
0
1000
100
200
China
Nigeria
Pakistan
500
Bangladesh
Philippines
Brazil
100
Uganda
Democratic
DR Congo
People's
Republic
UR Tanzania
Mozambique
Myanmar of Korea
Thailand
Kenya
Cambodia
Afghanistan Zimbabwe
Timor-Leste Namibia Djibouti
Ethiopia
Viet
Russian
Federation Nam
South Africa
200
300
Lesotho
Swaziland
Kiribati
400
500
600
700
800
Box 2.4 The 2013/2014 national TB prevalence survey in Indonesia: main results,
and policy, programmatic and funding implications
A national survey of the prevalence of TB disease in Indonesia was
successfully implemented in 2013/2014 under the leadership of
the National TB Programme and the National Institute of Health
Research and Development. The main objective of the survey was
to estimate the prevalence of pulmonary TB (bacteriologicallyconfirmed) among the general population aged 15 years old.
Lessons learned
The key lessons learned from the survey were:
1. The burden of TB disease in Indonesia is much higher
than previously thought.b Revised figures for 2013 are an
estimated TB incidence rate of 403 (range, 278550) per
100000 population and an estimated prevalence (all forms
of TB, and including children as well as adults) of 660 (range,
523813) per 100000 population. The 2013/2014 survey has
provided a more accurate measurement of TB disease burden
compared with earlier surveys, since unlike previous surveys it
included systematic chest X-ray screening of the entire survey
population and bacteriological testing for all those with signs or
symptoms suggestive of TB.
FIGURE B2.4.1
15 446 (22.7%)
4 459 (28.9%)
3 844 (24.9%)
6 743 (43.7%)
400 (2.6%)
Panel review
Not TB cases
14 700
Smearpositive TB
Bacteriologically confirmed TB
750
500
250
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
65
Male
Female
All
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
65
Male
Female
All
1000
FIGURE B2.4.2
2000
1500
TB cases: 426
Definite case: 419
Probable case: 7
FIGURE B2.4.3
Trends in estimated rates of incidence, prevalence and mortality in Indonesia, 19902015. Left panel: the incidence rate
(green) is shown alongside notifications of TB cases (black). Centre and right panels: The horizontal dashed lines represent
the Stop TB Partnership targets of a 50% reduction in prevalence and mortality rates by 2015 compared with 1990. Shaded
areas represent uncertainty bands.
Prevalence
Mortality (HIV-negative)
400
200
600
Rate per 100 000 population
Incidence
1000
500
1990
1995
2000 2005
2010
2015
50
25
75
1990
1995
2015
1990
1995
2015
HIV-positive people is hard to measure even when VR systems are in place because deaths among HIV-positive people
are coded as HIV deaths and contributory causes (such as TB)
are often not reliably recorded. For this 2015 report, countryspecific estimates of TB deaths among HIV-positive people
were produced using the Spectrum software that has been
used for HIV burden estimates for over a decade.
Until 2008, WHO estimates of TB mortality used VR data
for only three countries. This was substantially improved to
89 countries in 2009; however, most of the data were from
countries in the European Region and the Region of the
Americas, which accounted for less than 10% of the worlds
TB cases. In 2011, the first use of sample VR data from China
and survey data from India enabled a further major improvement to estimates of TB mortality. For the current report, VR
data of sufficient coverage and quality were available for 127
countries (Figure 2.15) including Indonesia and South Africa
for the first time (Box 2.2), and survey data were available
for two countries (India and VietNam). The combined total
of 129 countries accounted for 43% of the estimated number
of TB deaths globally in 2014. The African Region is the part
of the world in which there is the greatest need to introduce
or strengthen a vital registration system in which causes of
death are classified according to the ICD system.
2.3 TB mortality
TB mortality among HIV-negative people can be directly
measured using data from national VR systems, provided
that these systems have high coverage and causes of death
are accurately coded according to the latest revision of the
International classification of diseases (ICD-10). Sample VR systems covering representative areas of the country (e.g. as
in China) provide an interim solution. Mortality surveys can
also be used to estimate deaths caused by TB. In 2014, most
countries with a high burden of TB lacked national or sample
VR systems and few had conducted mortality surveys. In the
absence of VR systems or mortality surveys, TB mortality
can be estimated as the product of TB incidence and the case
fatality rate, or from ecological modelling based on mortality data from countries with VR systems. TB mortality among
1
Values for 2015 were estimated using an algorithm that selects the best
performing among a family of exponential smoothing via state-space
models of the 20052014 time-series.
n FIGURE 2.8
Global trends in estimated rates of TB incidence (1990-2014), and prevalence and mortality rates (19902015).
Left: Estimated incidence rate including HIV-positive TB (green) and estimated incidence rate of HIV-positive TB (red).
Centre and right: The horizontal dashed lines represent the Stop TB Partnership targets of a 50% reduction in prevalence
and mortality rates by 2015 compared with 1990. Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands. Mortality excludes
TB deaths among HIV-positive people.
Prevalence
Mortality
100
50
300
150
Rate per 100 000 population
Incidence
250
200
150
100
50
0
1990
1995
2015
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1990
1995
2015
1990
1995
2015
n FIGURE 2.9
Estimated TB incidence rates by WHO region, 19902014. Estimated TB incidence rates (green) and estimated incidence
rates of HIV-positive TB (red). Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands.
400
Africa
60
300
The Americas
Eastern Mediterranean
150
40
100
20
50
200
100
0
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
0
1990
Europe
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
1990
SouthEast Asia
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2005
2010
2015
Western Pacific
60
150
200
40
100
100
20
0
50
0
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
1990
1995
2000
n FIGURE 2.10
Estimated TB incidence rates, 22 highburden countries, 19902014. Estimated TB incidence rates (green) and estimated
incidence rates of HIVpositive TB (red). Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands.
Afghanistan
Bangladesha
Brazil
100
200
100
50
0
DR Congo
100
25
200
50
Ethiopia
500
India
400
200
300
150
200
100
100
50
Mozambique
Myanmar
200
200
100
100
Russian Federation
South Africa
150
900
100
50
300
200
Pakistan
Philippines
400
200
200
100
0
Thailand
Uganda
400
800
UR Tanzania
800
300
600
600
600
200
400
400
300
100
200
200
Viet Nam
100
300
300
200
200
200
Nigeria
400
300
400
Kenya
300
400
500
400
600
Indonesia
600
200
300
100
400
50
100
China
150
75
200
150
Cambodia
600
800
Zimbabwe
600
400
100
0
200
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3
4
Approximately 90% of total TB deaths (among HIV-negative and HIV-positive people) and 80% of TB deaths among
HIV-negative people occurred in the African and South-East
Asia Regions in 2014. India and Nigeria accounted for about
one third of global TB deaths (both including and excluding
those among HIV-positive people).
The number of TB deaths (among HIV-negative people)
per 100000 population averaged 16 globally in 2014 (Table
2.2) and 21 when TB deaths among HIV-positive people are
included. There is considerable variation among countries
(Figure 2.17), ranging from <1 TB death per 100000 population (examples include most countries in western Europe,
Canada, the United States of America, Australia and New
Zealand) to more than 40 deaths per 100000 population in
much of the African Region as well as five HBCs (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia and Myanmar).
Globally, the mortality rate (excluding deaths among HIV-
n FIGURE 2.11
Countries in which national population-based surveys of the prevalence of TB disease have been implemented
using currently recommended screening and diagnostic methodsa since 1990 or are planned in the near future:
status in August 2015
No national
survey planned
National survey
plannedb
National survey
ongoingc
One national
survey completedd
Repeat national survey
planned
1 repeat national survey
completede
Not applicable
a
Screening methods include field chest X-ray; culture is used to confirm diagnosis.
A country has submitted at least a draft survey protocol and a budget plan to the WHO Global Task Force for TB Impact Measurement.
c Countries were implementing field operations in August 2015 or were undertaking data cleaning and analysis.
d A survey was conducted in accordance with WHO recommendations as outlined in Tuberculosis prevalence surveys: a handbook (2011) and at least a
preliminary report has been published.
e A repeat national survey is one in which participants were screened with chest X-ray, and culture examination was used to diagnose TB cases. In the
Philippines, a repeat survey is planned in 2016.
b
n FIGURE 2.12
Global progress in implementing national surveys of the prevalence of TB disease, actual (20022015) and expected
(20162017)
7
Number of surveys
5
4
Gambia
3
2
1
0
Philippines
Nepal
Lao PDR
Nigeria
Mongolia
Mozambique
Ethiopia
Rwanda
Sudan
Zimbabwe
Kenya
South Africa
Cambodia
UR Tanzania
Ghana
Zambia
Uganda
Philippines
Cambodia
Malaysia
Indonesia
Eritrea
Thailand
Viet Nam
Bangladesh
Myanmar
China
Pakistan
Thailand
Malawi
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Viet Nam
Myanmar
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
n FIGURE 2.13
Estimated TB prevalence rates 19902015, by WHO region. Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands. The horizontal
dashed lines represent the Stop TB Partnership target of a 50% reduction in the prevalence rate by 2015 compared with 1990.
Africa
The Americas
Eastern Mediterranean
100
400
75
300
200
50
200
100
25
0
Europe
100
0
SouthEast Asia
300
600
100
50
400
200
200
100
0
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
Western Pacific
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
n FIGURE 2.14
Estimated TB prevalence rates 19902015, 22 highburden countries. Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands. The
horizontal dashed lines represent the Stop TB Partnership target of a 50% reduction in the prevalence rate by 2015 compared
with 1990.
800
Afghanistan
Bangladesha
750
600
2500
100
150
100
50
50
500
1000
Mozambique
500
200
100
100
0
Myanmar
1500
1000
400
300
200
Nigeria
Pakistan
1000
300
400
200
500
500
Russian Federation
300
South Africa
500
Thailand
400
1000
100
Viet Nam
1000
800
750
600
500
400
250
200
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Zimbabwe
1000
500
200
100
UR Tanzania
1500
400
200
500
800
Uganda
600
300
200
500
200
100
Philippines
600
400
1000
Kenya
1000
300
200
250
Indonesia
500
400
400
500
India
500
600
750
200
1000
250
Ethiopia
China
1500
200
DR Congo
Cambodia
2000
150
500
400
Brazil
200
n FIGURE 2.15
Countries (in red) for which TB mortality is estimated using measurements from vital registration systems (n=127)
and/or mortality surveys (n=2)
n TABLE 2.4
CFR
(95% UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL)
0.43 (0.280.53)
0.78 (0.650.94)
n TABLE 2.5
Cumulative number of lives saved by TB and TB/HIV interventions 20002014 (in millions), globally and by WHO region.
Best estimates are followed by 95% uncertainty intervals.
HIV-NEGATIVE PEOPLE
WHO REGION
BEST ESTIMATE
HIV-POSITIVE PEOPLE
UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL
BEST ESTIMATE
TOTAL
UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL
BEST ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL
AFR
4.2
3.45.1
5.9
5.36.5
10.1
9.011.2
AMR
1.4
1.21.5
0.31
0.280.33
1.7
1.61.8
EMR
2.6
2.13.0
0.06
0.0560.075
2.6
2.23.0
EUR
2.1
1.92.4
0.13
0.120.14
2.3
2.02.5
SEA
15.7
13.717.7
1.6
1.41.8
17.3
15.319.3
9.2
8.310.0
0.29
0.270.32
9.5
8.610.3
35.2
30.939.4
8.4
7.69.2
43.5
39.247.8
WPR
Global
n FIGURE 2.16a
n FIGURE 2.16b
Ischaemic heart
disease
TB
Stroke
HIV/AIDS
Lower respiratory
infections
Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
0.5
1.0
Millions
TB
Tracheal, bronchus,
lung cancers
Diarrheal diseases
Diabetes mellitus
HIV/AIDS
Road injury
0
4
Millions
This is the latest year for which estimates for all causes are currently
available. See WHO Global Health Observatory data repository,
available at http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.GHECOD
(accessed 27 August 2015).
b For HIV/AIDS, the latest estimates of the number of deaths in 2012
that have been published by UNAIDS are available at www.unaids.
org/en/resources/documents/2015/HIV_estimates_with_uncertainty_
bounds_1990-2014. For TB, the estimates for 2012 are those published in
this report.
c Deaths from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as
deaths caused by HIV/AIDS in the International classification of diseases.
1.5
n FIGURE 2.17
Estimated TB deaths
per 100 000 population
00.9
13.9
49.9
1019
2039
40
Not applicable
n FIGURE 2.18
Estimated TB mortality rates 19902015, by WHO region. Estimated TB mortality excludes TB deaths among HIV-positive
people. Shaded areas represent uncertainty bands.a The horizontal dashed lines represent the Stop TB Partnership target of a
50% reduction in the mortality rate by 2015 compared with 1990.
Africa
The Americas
80
Eastern Mediterranean
40
60
30
4
Rate per 100 000 population per year
40
20
2
20
0
10
0
Europe
0
SouthEast Asia
25
60
20
6
40
15
10
20
0
1990
Western Pacific
1995
2015
0
1990
1995
2015
1990
1995
2015
The width of an uncertainty band narrows as the proportion of regional mortality estimated using vital registration data increases or the quality and
completeness of the vital registration data improves.
n FIGURE 2.19
Estimated TB mortality rates 19902015, 22 highburden countries. Estimated TB mortality excludes TB deaths among
HIV-positive people. The horizontal dashed lines represent the Stop TB Partnership target of a 50% reduction in the mortality
rate by 2015 compared with 1990. Uncertainty is due to adjustments made to the mortality data from vital registration
systems that were reported by countriesa (mortality data from vital registration systems are represented by the x symbol).
Afghanistan
Bangladeshb
Brazil
Cambodia
China
100
75
90
50
60
25
30
0
125
Ethiopia
5
0
India
Indonesia
Kenya
150
30
100
75
40
100
75
20
50
50
25
15
10
100
DR Congo
20
200
50
20
Mozambique
Myanmar
200
150
100
50
50
Russian Federation
25
100
South Africa
10
Viet Nam
Pakistan
Philippines
60
20
Uganda
UR Tanzania
100
150
30
75
20
50
100
10
25
50
Zimbabwe
40
30
Thailand
40
50
60
50
100
15
90
150
20
10
120
150
150
100
Nigeria
25
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
2.4.1 TB incidence
Estimates of TB incidence among men and women were
produced by using notification data combined with the
assumption that the men:women ratio of notified cases
(1.7 globally)3 was the same as the ratio for incident cases.4
In 2014, there were an estimated 5.4 million (range, 5.15.8
million) incident cases among men and 3.2 million (range,
3.03.4 million) among women.
3
4
n FIGURE 2.20
Global progress in reporting of TB cases among children, 19952014.a Left panel: Number of notifications of cases among
children reported to WHO. Right panel: Percentage of case notifications reported to WHO that are age-disaggregated.
Case notifications
Completeness of reporting
400
100
014 age group
04 age group
514 age group
80
Percentage
Number (thousands)
300
200
100
new smear-positive
new smear-negative and
smear not done
new extrapulmonary
new and relapse, all forms
40
20
0
1995
60
2000
2005
2010
2015
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
Before 2013 childhood case notifications included smear-positive, smear-negative, smear not done and extrapulmonary TB for all new patients. After
2013 (shown as a gap in the graph) childhood case notification include all new and relapse cases irrespective of case type.
n FIGURE 2.21
n FIGURE 2.22
The male:female ratios of TB deaths among adults (aged 15 years), globally and by WHO region
HIV-negative
HIV-positive
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
Global
0
2.4.2 TB mortality
To produce estimates of TB deaths among HIV-negative
adults, mortality data from VR systems disaggregated by
age and sex were used. Data were available for 113 countries
(all middle or high-income countries). For countries without VR data, estimates were produced using an imputation
model that included risk factors known to be associated with
TB mortality. This model was used to estimate the ratios of
the male to female and child to adult number of TB deaths.
TB deaths among HIV-positive people were disaggregated
by sex and age using the assumption that the male to female
and children to adult ratios are similar to the corresponding
ratios of AIDS deaths estimated by UNAIDS.
TB deaths among HIV-negative people
There were an estimated 700 000 TB deaths among HIVnegative men and 340000 among HIV-negative women in
2014 (Table 2.7). The male: female ratio was also above two in
all six WHO regions (left panel of Figure 2.22). There were an
additional 81000 (range, 6900093000) TB deaths among
HIV-negative children, equivalent to 7% of the total number
of HIV-negative TB deaths.
n TABLE 2.6
ESTIMATED TB INCIDENCE
NUMBER
OF TB CASE
NOTIFICATIONS
BEST ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL
AFR
90 523
330 000
AMR
10 489
27 000
25 00029 000
EMR
42 028
80 000
64 00097 000
EUR
9 898
31 000
28 00034 000
168 310
340 000
SEAR
WPR
Global
37 273
150 000
358 521
1 000 000
n TABLE 2.7
AFR
BEST
ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY
INTERVAL
MEN
BEST
ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY
INTERVAL
130 000
81 000170 000
280 000
AMR
5 000
4 2005 800
11 000
9 70012 000
EMR
26 000
8 60043 000
55 000
760110 000
EUR
9 500
7 80011 000
24 000
22 00026 000
150 000
90 000210 000
280 000
SEAR
WPR
Global
29 000
21 00037 000
53 000
43 00064 000
340 000
700 000
n TABLE 2.8
MEN
BEST
ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY
INTERVAL
120 000
130 000
94 000170 000
1 700
1 5001 900
3 900
3 2004 700
EMR
730
550920
2 000
1 3002 700
EUR
850
710980
2 300
1 8002 800
SEA
13 000
10 00015 000
45 000
34 00057 000
WPR
1 300
1 1001 600
3 300
2 5004 000
140 000
190 000
AFR
AMR
World
BEST
ESTIMATE
UNCERTAINTY
INTERVAL
2.5
"" Two options for defining the additional top ten that have
a severe burden in relative terms were presented for consideration. The first was to use rates per capita for the TB
list, and the proportion of TB cases with MDR-TB and TB/
HIV for the other two lists. The second was to use rates
per capita for all three lists. It was also recognized that for
the additional top ten, a threshold in terms of a minimum
number of cases was relevant. The TB list with and without a threshold of 10000 cases was presented.
"" A lifetime of five years for all three lists, 20162020.
For the TB/HIV list, see Table 6.1 in Chapter 6. For the MDR-TB list, see
Table 4.1 in Chapter 4.
These were: 1) Discontinue the use of HBC lists; 2) Continue to use three
HBC lists (TB, MDR-TB, TB/HIV) but update them using the original
criteria; 3) Continue to use three HBC lists (TB, MDR-TB, TB/HIV) but
define them using new criteria; 4) Define one HBC list only.
World Health Organization. Use of high TB burden country lists in the
post-2015 era. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015. (Discussion
paper). Available at: www.who.int/tb/data. This document was updated
in August 2015 to reflect the recommendations provided during the
STAG-TB meeting and to use the latest estimates of disease burden
prepared for this report.
Some countries with the highest numbers in absolute terms also rank in
the top ten in terms of rates.
CHAPTER
3.1
These figures are for new and relapse cases. See Box 3.1 for case
definitions.
Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis 2013 revision. Geneva,
World Health Organization; 2013 (WHO/HTM/TB/2013.2). Available at:
www.who.int/tb/publications/definitions.
Box 3.1 WHO definitions of TB cases recommended for use since March 2013 and
that were used in the 2014 and 2015 rounds of global TB data collectiona
Bacteriologically confirmed case of TB A patient from whom
a biological specimen is positive by smear microscopy, culture or
WHO-approved rapid diagnostic test (such as Xpert MTB/RIF). All
such cases should be notified, regardless of whether TB treatment
is started.
Clinically diagnosed case of TB A patient who does not fulfil the
criteria for bacteriologically confirmed TB but has been diagnosed
with active TB by a clinician or other medical practitioner who
has decided to give the patient a full course of TB treatment.
This definition includes cases diagnosed on the basis of X-ray
abnormalities or suggestive histology and extrapulmonary cases
without laboratory confirmation. Clinically diagnosed cases
subsequently found to be bacteriologically positive (before or
after starting treatment) should be reclassified as bacteriologically
confirmed.
Case of pulmonary TB Any bacteriologically confirmed or
clinically diagnosed case of TB involving the lung parenchyma or
the tracheobronchial tree. Miliary TB is classified as pulmonary TB
because there are lesions in the lungs. Tuberculous intra-thoracic
lymphadenopathy (mediastinal and/or hilar) or tuberculous
pleural effusion, without radiographic abnormalities in the lungs,
constitute a case of extrapulmonary TB. A patient with both
pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB should be classified as a case of
pulmonary TB.
Case of extrapulmonary TB Any bacteriologically confirmed or
clinically diagnosed case of TB involving organs other than the
lungs, e.g. abdomen, genitourinary tract, joints and bones, lymph
nodes, meninges, pleura, skin.
New case of TB A patient who has never been treated for TB or
has taken anti-TB drugs for less than one month.
n FIGURE 3.1
Global trends in absolute number of notified TB cases (black) and estimated TB incidence (green), 19902014.
Case notifications include new and relapse cases (all forms).
150
100
50
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
n TABLE 3.1
TOTAL
NOTIFIED
NEW AND
RELAPSE a
RELAPSE
RETREATMENT
EXCLUDING
RELAPSE
PULMONARY
BACTERIO LOGICALLY
CONFIRMED
PULMONARY
CLINICALLY
DIAGNOSED
966
14 737
8 573
7 227
1 209
EXTRAPULMONARY
PULMONARY
BACTERIOLOGICALLY
CONFIRMED
PULMONARY
CLINICALLY
DIAGNOSED
EXTRAPULMONARY
PERCENTAGE
OF PULMONARY CASES
BACTERIOLOGICALLY
CONFIRMED
Afghanistan
32 712
31 746
Bangladesh
196 797
191 166
5 631
106 767
42 832
37 406
2 989
863
309
72
81 512
73 970
7 542
41 120
17 801
9 479
3 602
1 488
480
70
709
141
Brazil
Cambodia
65
43 738
43 059
679
12 168
11 286
18 310
445
China
826 155
819 283
6 872
235 704
526 106
32 348
25 125
DR Congo
116 894
115 795
1 099
75 631
13 494
19 566
4 298
1 892
40 087
41 575
37 930
74 368
754 268
343 032
275 502
124 679
112 066
Ethiopia
India
Indonesia
119 592
119 592
1 683 915
1 609 547
51
33
914
84
49
66
324 539
322 806
1 733
193 321
101 991
19 653
6 449
1 391
66
Kenya
89 294
88 025
1 269
34 997
30 872
14 640
3 569
2 947
1 000
53
Mozambique
58 270
57 773
497
24 430
23 455
6 276
1 542
2 070
Myanmar
141 957
138 352
3 605
42 608
70 305
16 108
5 276
3 650
Nigeria
91 354
86 464
4 890
49 825
29 460
4 764
2 415
426
50
405
39
64
221
52
Pakistan
316 577
308 417
8 160
122 537
120 350
57 463
7 420
Philippines
267 436
243 379
24 057
92 991
139 950
4 161
6 277
Russian Federation
136 168
102 340
33 828
37 296
40 894
8 763
7 982
6 753
652
49
South Africa
41
318 193
306 166
12 027
155 473
106 482
33 522
7 430
2 693
566
60
Thailand
71 618
67 722
3 896
34 394
21 115
10 244
1 969
63
Uganda
46 171
44 187
1 984
26 079
11 854
4 180
1 499
468
107
69
UR Tanzania
63 151
61 571
1 580
23 583
23 380
13 600
1 008
51
Viet Nam
102 087
100 349
1 738
49 938
25 179
18 118
7 114
69
Zimbabwe
49
32 016
29 653
2 363
11 224
13 151
3 909
1 369
High-burden
countries
5 160 146
4 961 362
198 784
2 179 178
1 763 137
653 169
223 666
137 416
4 796
56
AFR
1 342 400
1 300 852
41 548
635 560
399 155
212 057
39 782
11 217
3 081
62
AMR
228 476
215 243
13 233
127 864
40 746
32 501
10 193
2 918
1 021
76
EMR
465 677
453 393
12 284
183 630
151 696
103 959
12 368
866
874
56
EUR
321 421
266 058
55 363
112 416
76 759
39 175
23 935
11 483
2 290
61
SEAR
2 580 605
2 482 074
98 531
1 188 654
632 418
389 819
152 498
117 970
715
64
WPR
1 375 572
1 335 816
39 756
449 845
734 179
103 085
44 354
3 037
1 316
40
Global
6 314 151
6 053 436
260 715
2 697 969
2 034 953
880 596
283 130
147 491
9 297
58
The available data show that the approach to and contribution of PPM varies across countries, and is related to the
number and type of health care providers. Table 3.3a shows
ten prominent examples of countries (including HBCs) where
public-public mix interventions contributed between 11%
and 55% of total notifications in 2014. Table 3.3b presents
ten prominent examples of countries (including HBCs) where
public-private mix interventions contributed between 12%
and 46% of total case notifications.
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2000
2005
2010
2014
Satyanarayana S, Nair SA, Chadha SS, et al. From where are tuberculosis
patients accessing treatment in India? Results from a cross-sectional
community based survey of 30 districts. PLoS One 2011; 6: e24160
d https://resident.uidai.net.in/
n FIGURE 3.2
Case notification and estimated TB incidence rates by WHO region, 19902014. Regional trends in case notification
rates (new and relapse cases, all forms) (black) and estimated TB incidence rates (green). Shaded areas represent
uncertainty bands.
400
Africa
60
300
The Americas
Eastern Mediterranean
150
40
100
20
50
200
100
0
Europe
SouthEast Asia
Western Pacific
60
150
200
40
100
100
20
0
50
0
1990
1995
2000 2005
2010
2015
0
1990
1995
2000 2005
2010
2015
1990
1995
2000 2005
2010
2015
India between 2013 and 2014 (from 85 000 to 195 000 in 2014)
is particularly impressive. Further details are provided in
Box3.2. A large increase of more than 30% in notifications
from the private sector in Pakistan between 2013 and 2014 is
also a notable achievement. Both countries have made concerted efforts to increase notifications of detected cases by
the private sector, and these are now paying off.
The private health sector in Africa is often considered
insignificant in terms of its contribution to provision of TB
care. Data from Kenya, Malawi and Nigeria show that this
is not always the case. In 2014 as in 2013, almost one in five
cases notified in Malawi was reported by a private care
provider, even though TB drugs are generally not available
in private pharmacies (unlike in Kenya and Nigeria). Most
of the contributions to TB case notifications in Malawi are
referrals of people with TB signs and symptoms to the public sector by the front-line, community-based private health
care providers. These often include clinical officers, nurses
and traditional healers. Engaging such front-line care providers, including drug shops and pharmacies, facilitates
early case detection. The Malawi example should prompt
other countries that have not previously considered PPM to
be of importance to revisit their strategies. In all settings,
PPM interventions should also be designed to help not only
detection of TB cases, but also early detection by providers
where care is often sought first.
n FIGURE 3.3
Case notification and estimated TB incidence rates, 22 high-burden countries, 19902014. Trends in case notification
rates (new and relapse cases, all forms) (black) and estimated TB incidence rates (green). Shaded areas represent
uncertainty bands.
Afghanistan
Bangladesha
Brazil
100
50
100
25
50
0
DR Congo
400
200
300
150
200
100
100
50
200
100
Russian Federation
300
400
South Africa
900
50
300
400
200
200
100
Uganda
800
UR Tanzania
800
300
600
600
200
400
400
300
100
200
200
800
300
Philippines
600
Viet Nam
Pakistan
400
100
100
Thailand
150
200
200
300
100
Kenya
600
400
200
Indonesia
500
300
200
50
Nigeria
400
400
200
Myanmar
600
100
200
300
Mozambique
400
India
500
150
Ethiopia
100
China
600
75
200
150
Cambodia
100
200
Zimbabwe
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
600
200
400
100
200
0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3.3
n FIGURE 3.4
WPR
AMR
0
014
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
65
Community contributions to TB
notifications and treatment support
n TABLE 3.2
TABLE 3.3a
014
YEARS
15 YEARS
AGE
UNKNOWN
% AGED
< 15 YEARS
TOTAL NUMBER
OF TB CASES
NOTIFIED
CONTRIBUTION
OF NON-NTP
PUBLIC SECTOR
CARE PROVIDERS
TO TOTAL CASE
NOTIFICATIONS (%)
458 356
826 155
55
4 454
18 856
7 227
Bangladesh*
6 262
180 743
3.3
1.5
China
Brazil
2 368
71 602
3.2
2.1
Cte dIvoire
2 279
23 750
12 050
31 009
1.2
Egypt
1 375
7 467
18
China
4 164
815 119
0.5
2.3
El Salvador
DR Congo*
3 438
71 901
292
4.6
1.3
India
Ethiopia*
15 917
103 675
13
1.2
Indonesia
India
95 709
1 513 838
5.9
1.9
Iraq
2 748
8 341
33
Indonesia
23 170
299 636
7.2
1.4
Peru
8 164
31 461
26
Kenya
8 448
80 846
1.5
Sri Lanka
4 457
9 473
47
Yemen
3 390
9 693
35
28
Mozambique
Myanmar
9.5
COUNTRY
36 301
101 987
64
Nigeria
5 463
85 891
6.0
1.5
Pakistan
27 245
281 172
8.8
1.0
Philippines
12 191
46 965
38 422
Russian
Federation
3 195
98 433
712
South Africa
31 977
274 189
119
34 275
Uganda
3 316
40 871
UR Tanzania
6 463
55 108
Viet Nam*
144
49 785
0.3
3.0
Zimbabwe
2 290
27 363
7.7
1.3
304 684
4 283 264
46 717
6.6
1.7
90 523
963 808
2 298
8.6
1.4
India
Thailand*
High-burden
countries
AFR
26
0.7
NUMBER OF
TB CASES NOTIFIED
BY NON-NTP PUBLIC
SECTOR CARE
PROVIDERS
Afghanistan*
Cambodia
19
MALE/
FEMALE
RATIO
21
3.1
10
1.6
1 016
2 220
46
189 857
1 683 915
11
57 586
324 539
18
1.8
2.3
1.3
0.3
2.5
7.5
1.8
10
9.5
TABLE 3.3b
1.5
CONTRIBUTION OF
PRIVATE SECTOR
CARE PROVIDERS
TO TOTAL
NOTIFICATIONS (%)
NUMBER OF
TB CASES NOTIFIED
BY PRIVATE SECTOR
CARE PROVIDERS
TOTAL NUMBER
OF TB CASES
NOTIFIED
Bangladesh
22 960
196 797
12
Ethiopia
16 876
119 592
14
194 992
1 683 915
12
3 093
10 395
30
3 803
8 341
46
COUNTRY
AMR
10 489
198 350
1 935
5.0
1.7
Iran
EMR
42 028
399 043
7 945
9.5
1.0
Iraq
EUR
9 898
250 946
719
3.8
2.0
Kenya
18 200
89 294
20
3 500
17 723
20
SEAR
168 310
2 248 065
19 394
7.0
1.8
Malawi
WPR
37 273
1 063 252
38 422
3.4
2.1
Myanmar
25 978
141 957
18
1.7
Nigeria
13 031
91 354
14
Pakistan
55 254
316 577
17
Global
358 521
5 123 464
70 713
6.5
Blank cells indicate data that could not be reported for the age categories
shown.
indicates values that cannot be calculated.
* New cases only.
http://www.who.int/tb/people_and_communities/en/
www.who.int/tb/data
The CDR is actually a ratio rather than a rate, but the term rate has
become standard terminology in the context of this indicator.
It is approximate because of uncertainty in the underlying incidence of
TB and because notified cases are not necessarily a subset of incident
cases that occurred in the same year; see Chapter 2 for further
discussion.
The ranges represent 95% uncertainty intervals. There is uncertainty in
estimates of the CDR because of uncertainty in estimates of TB
incidence (the denominator).
TABLE 3.4
Community contributions to TB case notifications and treatment support for TB patients (all forms) in 41 countries,a
20132014. Data are for the basic management units (BMUs) that reported data.
CONTRIBUTION TO TB NOTIFICATIONS, 2014
TOTAL TB NOTIFICATIONS (ALL FORMS) FROM
COMMUNITY REFERRALS IN 2014
COUNTRIES
NUMBER
% OF BMU
NOTIFICATIONS
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE OF DATA
REPORTING BY BMUs
Afghanistan
1 088
661/722
Bangladesh
79 477
61
478/880
Botswana
Not available
1 089
GEOGRAPHIC
COVERAGE OF DATA
REPORTING BY BMUs
13
336/722
Not available
5 316
Bulgaria
229
15
22/22
Burkina Faso
299
86/86
1 569
1 335
Burundi
% OF ALL TB PATIENTS
63
27/27
Not available
39
30/86
18
17/17
796
11
17/17
Cambodia
14 115
73
43/93
Cte dIvoire
8 165
36
151/184
7 785
12 649
57
95/516
7 202
102
69/69
14 399
38
364/957
Georgia
28
82
3/77
Ghana
326
16
49/216
11 392
73
Guineab
1 307
11
55/465
1 307
12
55/465
India
19 713
1 200/3 394
726 069
52
3 394/3 394
Indonesia
8 707
11
47/511
4 218
14
27/511
Kenya
3 535
798/3 320
78 813
100
3 046/3 320
9 649
90
17/34
382
72/215
84
15/146
731
16
32/32
DR Congo
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Lesotho
Madagascar
Not available
5 914
Malaysia
Mongolia
52
72/215
Not available
351
32/32
Not available
29
134/184
49
95/516
Not available
11 314
22
760/957
Not available
216/216
Mozambiqueb
2 868
323/323
5 656
11
251/323
Myanmar
1 304
171/354
1 605
165/354
6 463
63
31/34
363
19
5/75
Namibia
Nepal
Not available
457
75/75
Nigeria
Not available
55 995
56
774/774
Pakistan
Not available
231 557
100
1 137/1 306
Republic of Moldova
Not available
3 308
78
57/57
320
177/177
2 889
48
515/515
Romania
Rwanda
Sao Tome and Principe
Not available
1 188
20
515/515
109
69
1/1
Not available
Senegal
1 011
10
76/76
891
76/76
Sierra Leone
3 065
40
170/170
187
170/170
South Africac
Not available
928
0.3
Sri Lanka
85
26/26
1 637
Not available
18
26/26
Tajikistan
883
14
109/109
109/109
6 495
100
Timor-Leste
Not available
244
18/18
Uganda
Not available
26 044
55
117/117
UR Tanzania
10 416
18
168/168
49 412
75
168/168
Uzbekistanb
7 191
64
4 278/4 516
20 812
96
4 433/4 516
100 721
99
815/815
Viet Nam
Not available
Twenty-eight countries did not submit data for either indicator: Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Benin, Bhutan, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Congo, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kiribati, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Philippines, Sudan, Swaziland,
Thailand, Togo, Turkey, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
b The proportion of patients receiving treatment support in the community was calculated using the total cohort (all BMUs) of TB patients starting
treatment in 2013 as the denominator. Data disaggregated by BMU were not reported.
c The proportion of notifications that came from community referrals was calculated using the total cohort (all BMUs) of TB patients notified in 2014 as
the denominator. Data disaggregated by BMU were not reported.
n TABLE 3.5
Estimates of the case detection rate for new and relapse cases %, 19952014.a Best estimates are followed by the lower and
upper bounds of the 95% uncertainty interval
1995
2000
2005
2010
2014
Afghanistan
19
1821
47
4451
53
4859
53
4760
Bangladesh
21
2023
26
2428
38
3641
45
4150
53
4760
Brazil
79
7385
73
6780
84
7990
82
7886
82
7886
Cambodia
24
2226
27
2530
52
4956
65
5970
72
6680
China
33
3135
33
3135
75
7179
87
8194
88
8295
DR Congo
31
2933
39
3642
53
5056
53
4957
48
4352
Ethiopia
11
9.313
33
2740
48
4157
66
5580
60
4973
India
59
5661
49
4751
48
4750
59
5562
74
7080
Indonesia
2.95.8
8.9
6.513
26
1937
30
2244
32
2346
Kenya
62
6064
72
7074
81
7982
82
8084
80
7882
Mozambique
23
1832
23
1731
30
2536
33
2740
39
3149
Myanmar
10
9.311
16
1417
53
5056
66
6172
70
6478
Nigeria
4.3
3.45.7
6.5
4.99.1
13
1118
16
1124
15
1026
Pakistan
3.9
3.34.6
2.9
2.43.6
34
2940
56
4573
62
4883
Philippines
42
3946
42
3846
47
4451
58
5265
85
7697
Russian Federation
60
5664
75
7080
65
6269
84
7792
85
7794
South Africa
59
5367
58
5165
60
5368
73
6582
68
6177
Thailand
41
2678
23
1443
39
2474
56
34100
59
36110
Uganda
23
1927
30
2537
48
4355
62
5570
72
6483
UR Tanzania
28
1662
32
2061
31
2054
31
2058
36
2177
Viet Nam
34
3038
57
5065
64
5871
71
6184
77
6594
Zimbabwe
61
4492
67
5486
66
5483
76
59100
70
51100
High-burden countries
34
3336
35
3336
48
4650
57
5460
62
5866
AFR
28
2630
34
3237
44
4147
50
4655
48
4354
AMR
69
6672
71
6874
76
7479
76
7379
77
7581
EMR
22
1924
23
2027
44
3950
58
5069
61
5175
EUR
58
5760
65
6367
69
6772
80
7684
79
7583
SEAR
38
3542
35
3239
43
3946
52
4757
62
5668
WPR
36
3538
38
3640
69
6671
79
7583
85
8190
Global
37
3639
38
3640
50
4852
58
5561
63
6066
relatively low CDR in Indonesia (see also Box 2.4, Chapter 2).
The second is under-diagnosis of people with TB for reasons
such as poor access to health care and failure to recognize TB
signs and symptoms and test for TB when people do present
to health care facilities. A good example is Nigeria, where
the 2012 national TB prevalence survey suggested that this is
a major reason for the low CDR.1 It should also be acknowledged that the estimates of TB incidence are uncertain, and
the gap between the estimated number of incident cases and
1
Box 3.5 Definitions of treatment outcomes for new and relapse cases recommended
for use since March 2013 and that were used in the 2014 and 2015 rounds of
global TB data collectiona
Cured A pulmonary TB patient with bacteriologically-confirmed
TB at the beginning of treatment who was smear- or culturenegative in the last month of treatment and on at least one
previous occasion.
Completed treatment A TB patient who completed treatment
without evidence of failure but with no record to show that sputum
smear or culture results in the last month of treatment and on at
least one previous occasion were negative, either because tests
were not done or because results are unavailable.
Died A TB patient who died from any cause during treatment.
Failed A TB patient whose sputum smear or culture is positive at
month five or later during treatment.
Lost to follow-up A TB patient who did not start treatment or
whose treatment was interrupted for two consecutive months or
more.
Not evaluated A TB patient for whom no treatment outcome
is assigned. This includes cases transferred out to another
treatment unit as well as cases for whom the treatment outcome is
unknown to the reporting unit.
TB are shown for the world, the six WHO regions and the 22
HBCs in Table 3.6 and Figure 3.5. Globally, the treatment success rate for the 5.4 million new and relapse cases that were
treated in the 2013 cohort was 86%. It is impressive that as
the size of the global treatment cohort grew from 1.0 million
in 1995 to 4.2 million in 2005 and 5.4 million in 2013, the treatment success rate first improved and has subsequently been
sustained at a high level.
Among the six WHO regions, the highest treatment
success rates were in the Western Pacific Region, the SouthEast Asia Region and the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
The treatment success rate was 79% in the African Region.
The lowest treatment success rates were in the Region of
the Americas and the European Region (both 75%). In the
Region of the Americas, treatment outcomes would probably be considerably improved if the number of patients in
the not evaluated category could be reduced. In the European Region, rates of treatment failure, death and loss to
follow-up, as well as the proportion of patients without a
documented treatment outcome, all need to be reduced.
One explanation for the poor outcomes in this region may be
that the proportion of new and relapse cases that have drugresistant TB is high (Chapter 4). All cases need to be tested
for susceptibility to first-line drugs, and those with rifampicin-resistant and MDR-TB enrolled on second-line rather than
first-line regimens.
Most of the 22 HBCs have reached or exceeded a treatment success rate of 85%. Improvements are still needed in
n TABLE 3.6
Treatment success for all new and relapsea cases (%) and cohort size (thousands), 19952013
b. Cohort size (thousands)
2000
2005
2010
2011
2012
2013
1995
Afghanistan
85
90
86
88
88
88
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
71
81
90
91
91
92
93
Bangladesh
2000
2005
2010
2011
2012
2013
3.1
10
26
26
29
31
11
38
119
150
148
165
184
Brazil
17
71
72
72
73
72
72
Brazil
46
34
78
78
71
75
77
Cambodia
91
91
91
89
94
94
93
Cambodia
4.4
15
34
40
37
38
36
China
93
93
92
95
95
95
95
China
131
214
788
877
856
885
842
DR Congo
74
78
85
89
87
88
87
DR Congo
16
36
65
109
92
105
112
Ethiopia
61
80
78
77
89
91
89
Ethiopia
5.1
30
39
152
91
45
44
India
25
34
87
89
89
88
88
India
265
349
1 071
1 229
1 209
1 288
1 244
Indonesia
91
87
89
89
88
86
88
Indonesia
52
244
296
314
329
326
Kenya
75
80
81
86
87
86
86
Kenya
6.5
28
98
90
82
98
81
Mozambiqueb
39
75
79
85
87
88
Mozambique
11
13
18
20
21
23
Myanmar
67
82
83
88
88
89
87
Myanmar
7.9
17
73
127
135
137
136
Nigeria
49
79
75
81
85
86
86
Nigeria
9.5
16
35
78
84
90
92
Pakistan
70
74
82
90
92
91
93
Pakistan
0.8
4.1
117
256
255
111
289
Philippines
60
88
89
90
87
88
90
Philippines
90
50
81
162
190
214
216
0.05
3.6
74
94
89
90
83
338
292
328
321
Russian
Federation
65
68
67
66
65
69
68
Russian
Federation
South Africa
58
63
69
53
77
77
78
South Africa
28
86
259
Thailand
64
69
71
83
82
81
81
Thailand
20
23
49
48
49
58
66
Uganda
44
63
73
68
73
77
75
Uganda
15
14
21
40
43
26
45
UR Tanzania
73
78
83
89
88
90
91
UR Tanzania
20
24
59
59
59
62
64
Viet Nam
89
92
92
92
93
91
89
Viet Nam
38
53
55
88
89
104
102
Zimbabwe
53
69
66
76
80
81
80
Zimbabwe
9.7
14
43
46
40
38
35
High-burden
countries
53
67
85
86
88
88
88
High-burden
countries
739
1 119
3 430 4 403
4 252
4 337
4 475
AFR
60
71
74
73
79
81
79
AFR
178
365
886
1 220
1 103
1 142
1 165
AMR
50
76
75
73
75
75
75
AMR
129
111
187
200
191
202
201
EMR
79
81
82
88
89
87
91
EMR
46
64
226
386
391
242
432
EUR
67
75
77
74
73
76
75
EUR
34
42
221
255
244
251
241
SEAR
33
50
87
89
89
88
88
SEAR
318
512
1 639
1 980
1 986
2 114
2 101
WPR
80
90
90
92
93
92
92
WPR
1 030
1 240
1 233
1 344
1 298
Global
57
69
84
84
87
86
86
Global
4 188 5 280
5 146
5 295
5 437
296
360
1 001
1 453
Overall, the treatment success rate in 2013 was worse for HIVpositive TB patients (73%) compared with HIV-negative TB patients
(88%), similar to levels in 2012 (Figure B3.6). The difference was
smaller in the African region (75% and 84%, respectively). There
were large differences in the European and Eastern Mediterranean
Regions, where the treatment success rates among HIV-positive TB
patients were only 47% and 60% respectively, compared with 80%
and 91% among HIV-negative patients. The treatment success rate
in the European Region were much worse than in 2012 (47% versus
57%), mainly reflecting data for Ukraine. This country accounted
for 80% of the HIV-positive TB patients for whom treatment
outcomes in 2013 were reported, but did not report data in 2012.
More encouragingly, the treatment success rate for HIV-positive TB
patients in the Western Pacific Region was substantially better in
2013 compared with 2012 (73% vs 57%).
Globally, the proportion of TB patients who died during treatment
remained more than three times higher among HIV-positive TB
patients (11% versus 3.5%). In the African Region, HIV-positive
TB patients were almost twice as likely to die compared with
HIV-negative TB patients (9.8% versus 5.1%). Differentials were
larger in the European Region (21% versus 6.6%) and the Eastern
Brazil, the Russian Federation, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda and Zimbabwe.
Treatment outcomes in 2013 were worse among HIVpositive TB patients compared with HIV-negative TB patients
(Box 3.6). Further efforts are needed to narrow this gap.
Getahun H, Matteelli A, Chaisson RE, Raviglione M. Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. New Engl J Med. 2015;372(22):212735.
FIGURE B3.6
Percentage of cohort
HIV
80
60
40
20
0
Treatment
success
Failed
Died
Lost to
follow-up
Not
evaluated
children aged less than 5 years old who are close contacts
of a TB case.2,3 Most recently, WHO has issued guidelines on
the management of LTBI that are targeted at upper-middle
and high-income countries with an estimated incidence rate
of less than 100 per 100000 population.4 In these countries,
systematic testing and treatment of LTBI is recommended
for a wider range of risk groups: people living with HIV, adult
as well as child contacts of pulmonary TB cases, patients with
silicosis, patients initiating anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)
treatment, patients on dialysis, and transplant patients
(Table3.7).
The management of LTBI is a critical component of the
new post-2015 End TB Strategy (Chapter 1), and is one of the
interventions that can help countries to achieve the ambi2
n TABLE 3.7
AT RISK POPULATIONS
TESTING ALGORITHM
n FIGURE 3.5
20
40
60
80
TREATMENT OPTIONS
100
Failure
Died
Not evaluated
n FIGURE 3.6
The 113 upper-middle-income and high-income countries with an estimated incidence rate of less than 100 per 100 000
population that are the primary audience for 2015 WHO guidelines on the management of latent TB infection
n FIGURE 3.7
Number of countries
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
AMR
EMR
EUR
WPR
WHO region
National policy on LTBI exists
Testing and treatment for LTBI being provided for people living
with HIV, and/or children who are close contacts of TB cases.
a
CHAPTER
Drug-resistant TB
n FIGURE 4.1
Year of most
recent data
19951999
20002004
20052009
20102014
Ongoing survey in 2015
No data
Subnational data only
Not applicable
n TABLE 4.1
95%
CONFIDENCE
INTERVAL
7.012
43
3849
1016
28
2237
0.72.5
29
2434
95%
CONFIDENCE
INTERVAL
Armenia
9.4
Azerbaijan
13
Bangladesh
Belarus
Bulgaria
1.4
34
2.3
3236
69
6672
1.33.8
23
1731
China
5.7
4.57.0
26
2230
DR Congob
2.2
0.34.1
11
6.216
1427
62
4279
0.92.8
12
5.621
1013
39
35-44
Estonia
Ethiopia
Georgia
19
1.6
12
India
2.2
1.92.6
15
1119
Indonesia
1.9
1.42.5
12
8.117
2527
58
5759
Kazakhstan
26
Kyrgyzstan
26
Latvia
Lithuania
8.2
14
2331
55
5258
5.811
30
2140
1216
49
4355
Myanmar
5.0
3.16.8
27
1539
Nigeria
2.9
2.14.0
14
1019
Pakistan
3.7
2.55.0
18
1323
Philippines
2.0
1.42.7
21
1629
Republic of Moldova
24
2126
62
5965
Russian Federation
19
1425
49
4059
South Africa
Tajikistan
ESTIMATED
% OF RETREATMENT
TB CASES
WITH
MDR-TBa
ESTIMATED
% OF NEW
TB CASES
WITH
MDR-TBa
1.8
1.42.3
8.1
6.99.4
52
4757
2024
56
5061
Ukraine
22
Uzbekistan
23
6.7
5.48.2
1830
62
5371
Viet Nam
4.0
2.55.4
23
1730
High MDR-TB
burden countries
3.8
2.25.4
22
1331
AFR
2.1
0.53.7
11
6.716
AMR
2.4
1.33.5
11
6.516
EMR
3.2
2.34.1
18
1225
EUR
15
1020
48
4353
SEAR
2.2
1.92.6
16
1418
WPR
4.4
2.56.3
22
1825
Global
3.3
2.24.4
20
1427
scheduled for implementation in 2016. The remaining countries should consider conducting nationwide drug resistance
surveys in the short term to better understand the burden of
MDR-TB and to guide the planning of diagnostic, treatment
and care services.
In mid-2015, drug resistance surveys were ongoing in 13
countries. These included the first-ever nationwide surveys
in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, India and Sudan;
and repeat surveys in Bolivia, China, Cte dIvoire, Kenya,
Namibia, Romania, Rwanda, Venezuela, South Africa and
Zimbabwe.
Central and Francophone Africa remain the parts of the
world where drug resistance surveillance data are most
lacking, largely as a result of weak laboratory infrastructure.
These countries should consider conducting drug resistance
surveys using Xpert MTB/RIF to at least obtain a nationally
representative estimate of the proportion of TB patients with
rifampicin resistance.
n FIGURE 4.2
Percentage
of cases
02.9
35.9
611.9
1217.9
18
No data
Subnational data only
Not applicable
a
Figures are based on the most recent year for which data have been reported, which varies among countries. Data reported before the year 2000 are
not shown.
n FIGURE 4.3
Percentage
of cases
05.9
611.9
1229.9
3049.9
50
No data
Subnational data only
Not applicable
a
Figures are based on the most recent year for which data have been reported, which varies among countries. Data reported before the year 2000 are
not shown. In six countries or territories, the high percentages of previously treated cases with MDR-TB refer to only a small number (18) of notified TB
cases. These are: Bahrain; Belize; Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba; Cyprus; Israel; and Sao Tom and Principe.
several Eastern European countries. Country-specific estimates are discussed in section 4.2.
Given the increasing use of molecular diagnostics that
detect RR-TB (Chapter 5), their growing importance in detection of TB patients with RR-TB (section 4.2) and the fact that
the recommended treatment for people with RR-TB is the
same as for those with MDR-TB, monitoring and evaluation
of the response to drug-resistant TB requires more attention to and emphasis on the underlying burden of RR-TB. The
burden of rifampicin resistance is presented in Box 4.1 and
compared with that of MDR-TB.
Box 4.1 Monitoring and evaluation of progress in the response to drug-resistant TB:
the increasing importance of rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB)
n FIGURE 4.4
20
15
10
5
0
2009
300000
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2014
2015
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
2009
2010
250000
Number of patients
2010
2011
2012
2013
These figures are based on data reported by 160 (73%) countries and
territories for new TB cases and by 157 (72%) countries and territories
for previously treated cases.
n FIGURE 4.5
DST coverage in previously treated TB cases, globally and for WHO regions, 20092014.a Numbers of cases tested are
shown for each bar.
70
60
Africa
The Americas
31 952
5299
3139
11 015
4234
5239
5590
5454
1257
1458
2273
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Global
247 336
54 560
404 509
38 584
30
20
7143
43 828
32 097
8724
1274
50
40
10
0
48 234
40 615
29 221 34 919
30
20
70
60
Europe
13 703
50
40
10
0
Eastern Mediterranean
125 042
5069
1264
1935
3663
19 018
937
2054
5137
9128
66 568
When compared with the estimate of all MDR/RR-TB cases (not just the
MDR-TB cases), this value would decrease to 36% (see also Box 4.1).
The number published in the 2014 global TB report was 136000 in 2013.
n TABLE 4.2
DST coverage among TB and MDR-TB cases, globally and for 27 high MDR-TB burden countries and WHO regions, 2014
NEW BACTERIOLOGICALLY CONFIRMED
CASES
NUMBER WITH DSTa
RESULTS
Armenia
% OF CASES WITH
DST RESULT
343
96
Azerbaijan
2 059
Bangladesh
12 573
Belarus
Bulgaria
China
RETREATMENT CASES
NUMBER WITH DSTa
RESULTS
% OF CASES WITH
DST RESULT
% OF CASES WITH
DST RESULT
50
17
100
100
>100
3 901
>100
840
100
12
4 959
51
182
19
1 990
97
877
84
1 251
100
639
80
101
45
36
97
45 664
19
17 210
54
DR Congo
545
Estonia
175
0.7
6 135
75
41
19
>100
29
71
47
96
Ethiopia
2 405
7 682
25
15
Georgia
1 700
95
634
61
357
93
India
12 795
1.7
214 209
69
3 572
25
0.5
8 445
88
229
35
6 377
>100
Indonesia
1 058
Kazakhstan
9 597
>100
Latvia
483
99
107
86
70
100
Lithuania
968
>100
294
100
232
86
Myanmar
10 295
24
15 166
>100
Kyrgyzstan
Nigeria
Pakistan
361
Philippines
4 415
Republic of Moldova
1 764
Russian Federation
31 250
South Africa
11 685
72
2 380
98
4.7
20 196
67
868
80
99
831
61
277
31
84
13 925
28
3 416
42
371
100
Tajikistan
2 432
100
800
64
Ukraine
13 833
97
9 707
69
Uzbekistan
11 956
>100
5 888
77
Viet Nam
927
29
2 756
5.5
8 511
96
246
78
172 056
8.6
357 719
64
15 467
22
AFR
40 940
6.4
31 952
33
3 898
35
AMR
30 531
8 724
32
606
20
EMR
8 404
13 703
52
2 465
78
EUR
108 569
48 234
52
5 294
14
SEAR
45 056
247 336
67
4 610
27
WPR
Global
24
4.6
97
3.8
92 801
21
54 560
62
2 251
30
326 301
12
404 509
58
19 124
24
TABLE 4.3
Estimated MDR-TB cases in 2014, notified cases of rifampicin-resistant TB and MDR-TB and enrolments on MDR-TB
treatment in 2014, and treatment outcome reporting for 2012 cohort, globally and for 27 high MDR-TB burden countries
and WHO regions
ESTIMATED MDR-TB AMONG NOTIFIED
PULMONARY TB CASES, 2014
BEST
ESTIMATE
Armenia
UNCERTAINTY INTERVAL
NOTIFIED/
ESTIMATED
MDR-TB
(%)a
ENROLLED/
NOTIFIED
MDR/RRTB
(%)
NUMBER
NUMBER
NUMBER
%b
111
69
120
>100
115
>100
1 300
1 1001 500
1 007
77
814
81
373
63
Bangladesh
4 800
3 4006 200
994
21
945
95
505
98
Belarus
1 700
1 6001 800
1 282
75
1 903
>100
2 502
>100
44
61
29
66
44
90
China
DR Congo
Estonia
140190
Azerbaijan
Bulgaria
160
72
5391
52 000
42 00061 000
5 807
11
2 846
49
1 906
63
2 800
9804 500
442
16
436
99
134
>100
4875
50
81
48
96
50
81
62
Ethiopia
1 300
7002 300
503
39
557
>100
271
95
Georgia
640
590700
441
69
501
>100
623
>100
India
71 000
57 00085 000
25 748
36
24 073
93
9 874
80
Indonesia
6 800
5 2008 400
1 812
27
1 284
71
432
>100
Kazakhstan
4 900
4 8005 000
5 877
>100
7 315
>100
7 213
95
Kyrgyzstan
2 000
1 8002 100
1 267
63
1 157
91
775
81
71
85
70
99
90
82
Latvia
84
66100
Lithuania
300
270340
279
93
271
97
219
81
Myanmar
9 000
6 50012 000
3 495
39
1 537
44
443
57
Nigeria
3 300
2 5004 200
798
24
423
53
154
>100
Pakistan
12 000
8 80015 000
3 243
27
2 662
82
858
54
Philippines
11 000
8 60013 000
3 000
27
2 680
89
1 798
>100
Republic of Moldova
Russian Federation
South Africa
Tajikistan
Ukraine
925
62
930
>100
856
96
39 000
1 500
33 00045 000
1 4001 600
15 585
40
21 904
>100
16 021
>100
6 200
5 1007 300
18 734
>100
11 538
62
8 084
52
880
13 000
810950
902
>100
804
89
535
77
12 00014 000
7 735
60
8 201
>100
5 556
80
Uzbekistan
7 000
6 1007 900
4 955
71
3 665
74
1 491
86
Viet Nam
5 100
3 9006 300
2 198
43
1 532
70
713
>100
87
260 000
107 305
41
98 245
92
61 635
AFR
32 000
15 00049 000
25 531
80
17 352
68
10 246
56
AMR
7 000
4 7009 300
3 745
54
3 568
95
2 866
97
EMR
15 000
12 00019 000
4 348
29
3 423
79
1 271
57
EUR
72 000
62 00081 000
42 293
59
49 074
>100
37 638
>100
SEAR
99 000
90 000110 000
33 264
34
28 536
86
11 566
77
WPR
Global
71 000
300 000
47 00094 000
13 437
19
8 850
66
6 176
>100
122 618
41
110 803
90
69 763
86
Notified cases of MDR/RR-TB in 2014 as a percentage of the best estimate of MDR-TB cases among all cases of pulmonary TB in the same year. The
percentage may exceed 100% if estimates of the number of MDR-TB are too conservative and if linkage between the clinical and laboratory registers is
inadequate. Percentages shown are slightly higher than what would be expected if an estimate for all RR-TB cases (rather than MDR-TB) was used as a
denominator (see also Box 4.1).
b The percentage of MDR-TB cases originally notified in 2012 with outcomes reported. The percentage may exceed 100% as a result of updated
information about MDR-TB cases in 2012, inadequate linkages between notification systems for TB and MDR-TB, the inclusion of RR-TB cases in the
numerator who were not confirmed MDR-TB, and the inclusion in the treatment cohort of cases of MDR-TB from a year prior to 2012.
Box 4.2 The roll-out of rapid TB diagnostics compared with changes in the
number of cases of MDR/RR-TB notified by national TB programmes
Global progress in the detection of drug-resistant TB should be
related to the roll-out of molecular diagnostics such as Xpert
MTB/RIF and line probe assays (LPAs).a However, as use of these
technologies expands, the number of tests required to detect
one case may increase. This is because initial use of the test
is likely to focus on groups with a higher risk of having MDR/
RR-TB (such as previously treated TB patients), in line with policy
recommendations,b and then broaden to cover people at lower
risk for drug-resistance (such as patients being evaluated for TB).
Variation among countries is also expected given differences in the
prevalence of MDR/RR-TB (for example, the prevalence of MDR-TB
is much higher in Ukraine compared with Bangladesh).
The relationship between annual procurements of Xpert MTB/RIF
cartridges and notifications of MDR/RR-TB cases for 8 high MDR-TB
burden countries is shown in Figure B4.2.1. These countries are
among the major users of Xpert globally (each having procured
4200082000 cartridges in 2014) and Xpert is often the leading
FIGURE B4.2.1
The number of MDR/RR-TB cases reported for every 100 Xpert cartridges procured in selected high MDR-TB burden
countries, 20112014
Bangladesh
Ethiopia
Indonesia
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
Ukraine
Viet Nam
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
2011
2012
2013
2014
2011
2012
2013
2014
Africa, and Tajikistan the figure was above 100% (Table 4.3),
indicating either repeated reporting of cases when information systems are based on laboratory results without linkage
to patient registers, and/or that estimates of MDR-TB are too
conservative (for example, because drug resistance surveillance data have become outdated).
2011
2012
2013
2014
2011
2012
2013
2014
n FIGURE 4.6
Number of MDRTB cases estimated to occur among notified pulmonary TB cases, 2014
n FIGURE 4.7
MDRTB cases and additional rifampicinresistant TB cases detected (red) compared with TB cases enrolled on MDRTB
treatment (blue), global trend and trend in 27 high MDRTB burden countries, 20092014
125000
Globala
Armenia
180
100000
160
75000
140
120
50000
100
25000
2600
200
80
Belarus
80
40
1100
600
800
600
600
400
400
200
China
DR Congo
4000
300
2000
200
100
Estonia
600
Ethiopia
800
Georgia
30000
400
70
600
20000
500
60
200
400
50
10000
300
40
200
Indonesia
1600
1200
9000
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
8000
1600
7000
1300
6000
800
140
100
1000
5000
4000
700
80
3000
400
60
Lithuania
4000
Myanmar
800
500
3000
600
400
2000
400
300
1000
200
200
4000
Philippines
1000
3000
200
Tajikistan
11000
750
9000
500
7000
250
5000
3000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
2000
1000
25000
Russian Federation
30000
South Africa
20000
10000
10000
400
3000
15000
600
1000
Pakistan
20000
800
2000
1000
1200
Nigeria
Republic of Moldova
Latvia
120
400
600
India
700
80
Number of cases
1000
800
20
100
1000
6000
Bangladesh
1200
200
Bulgaria
60
1600
2000
Azerbaijan
400
2100
90
1200
5000
Ukraine
6000
Uzbekistan
2500
Viet Nam
2000
4000
1500
1000
2000
500
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
The global total of MDR/RR-TB cases detected in 2013 (123 001) is lower than previously published in the 2014 Global TB Report (136 412) following revisions
to data reported by India.
n FIGURE 4.8
Number of patients
0
19
1099
100499
500
No data
Not applicable
hospitalization (5% of MDR-TB patients), followed by Myanmar (10%). In contrast, hospitalization for 100% of MDR-TB
patients in 2014 (at least for part of their treatment) was
reported by 10 high MDR-TB countries, including two of the
top three MDR-TB burden countries: China and the Russian
Federation. In a further six high MDR-TB burden countries,
at least 90% of MDR-TB patients were hospitalized. When
MDR-TB patients are hospitalized the duration of stay was
relatively short in Indonesia, at five days, and ranged from
3060 days in five other countries (Bangladesh, China,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Myanmar). In the other 15 countries that
reported data, the average length of stay was 160 days.
The number of visits to a health facility after diagnosis of
MDR-TB also varied markedly, from less than 30 (Bangladesh,
Estonia, Myanmar, and South Africa) to over 700 (Armenia,
Georgia, Indonesia, Russian Federation and Ukraine). The
involvement of all relevant non-NTP health care providers is
important to scale up PMDT and improve access to services.
Unfortunately, reliable data on these activities are often not
collected by NTPs. In 2014, only nine high MDR-TB burden
countries provided information on the numbers of patients
started on MDR-TB treatment by non-NTP health care providers. The Philippines, Latvia and Kyrgyzstan reported that
22%, 14% and 11% respectively of MDR-TB cases were treated
by non-NTP providers, while figures of 15% were reported
to be treated in the private sector in Myanmar, VietNam and
four Eastern European countries: Armenia, Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
66 n GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2015
n FIGURE 4.9
Treatment outcomes for patients diagnosed with MDRTB by WHO Region, 20072012 cohorts. The total number of cases
with outcome data is shown beside each bar
Africa
The Americas
2007
4 570
2007
1 464
2008
5 496
2008
1 732
2009
6 143
2009
2 298
2010
6 176
2010
2 413
2011
8 260
2011
2 916
2012
10 246
2012
2 866
Eastern Mediterranean
Europe
2007
128
2007
4 214
2008
262
2008
7 181
2009
511
2009
12 133
2010
676
2010
20 598
2011
874
2011
31 889
2012
1 271
2012
37 638
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
2007
315
2007
453
2008
483
2008
758
2009
1 597
2009
1 027
2010
3 113
2010
2 455
2011
4 305
2011
4 238
2012
11 566
2012
6 176
0
Global
2007
11 144
2008
15 912
2009
23 709
2010
35 431
2011
52 482
2012
69 763
0
20
40
60
80
20
40
60
80
100
Percentage of cohort
Treatment success
Failure
Died
Lost to follow-up
Not evaluated
100
Percentage of cohort
Region (13%), and the death rate was highest in the SouthEast Asia Region (21%).
The Global Plan target of achieving a treatment success rate of 75% by 2015 had already been reached in 40 of
the 122 countries that reported outcome data for the 2012
cohort, including three of the 27 high MDR-TB burden countries (Estonia, Ethiopia, and Myanmar). Between 2007 and
2012, more than 100000 people who started MDR-TB treatGLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2015 n 67
n FIGURE 4.10
Countries that had used bedaquiline for the treatment of M/XDR-TB as part of expanded access, compassionate use or
under normal programmatic conditions by the end of 2014
Yes
No
No data
Not applicable
CHAPTER
5.1
The WHO Global TB Programme follows a systematic process for development of policy recommendations on TB
diagnostics, involving synthesis of the available evidence
on performance and cost effectiveness through systematic
reviews, meta-analyses and modelling as appropriate, assessment of the evidence by an external Guideline Development
Group using the GRADE approach,1 and development of
policy guidance2 for dissemination to Member States and
other stakeholders. Policy documents are reviewed periodically, and revised as necessary when new evidence becomes
available.
In June 2015, WHO convened a Guideline Development
Group to review the evidence on the use of the urine lateral
flow lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) assay (Alere DetermineTM
TB LAM Ag test, Alere Inc, USA) for detection of TB in people
living with HIV. A lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen is a
lipopolysaccharide present in mycobacterial cell walls, which
is released from metabolically active or degenerating bacterial cells and appears to be present only in people with active
TB disease. Tests based on the detection of LAM in urine have
the potential to be point-of-care tests for TB. Further advantages over sputum-based testing are that urine is easy to
collect and store, and lacks the infection control risks associated with sputum collection.
The urinary LAM assays currently available are unsuitable as general diagnostic or screening tests for TB, due to
suboptimal sensitivity. However, unlike traditional diagnostic methods for TB, they demonstrate improved sensitivity
among people living with HIV, which further increases as CD4
counts fall. Following the Guideline Development Groups
evaluation of the LF-LAM assay, the resulting 2015 WHO policy recommendations on its use are summarized in Box 5.1.
In the coming year, evaluations and updated reviews are
planned for several other technologies. These include LPAs
for detection of resistance to first- and second-line drugs
(Hain LifeScience, Germany; and Nipro Corp., Japan); the use
of sequencing for detection of resistance-conferring mutations; and the Xpert Ultra assay and GeneXpert Omni
(Cepheid, USA). Further potential technologies on the evalu1
2
www.gradeworkinggroup.org
WHO handbook for guideline development, 2nd ed. Geneva, World Health
Organization; 2014. Available at: http://www.who.int/kms/
handbook_2nd_ed.pdf.
Box 5.1
Remarks
This recommendation also applies to HIV-positive adult
outpatients with signs and symptoms of TB (pulmonary
and/or extrapulmonary) who have a CD4 cell count less
than or equal to 100 cells/L, or HIV-positive patients
who are seriously illa regardless of CD4 count or with
unknown CD4 count, based on the generalisation of data
from inpatients.
This recommendation also applies to children, based
on the generalisation of data from adults while
acknowledging very limited data and concern regarding
the low specificity of the LF-LAM assay in children.
3. LF-LAM should not be used as a screening test for TB (strong
recommendation; low quality of evidence).
a
5.2
n TABLE 5.1
XPERT
MTB/RIF
0.5
1.7
1.7
1.7
Azerbaijan
72
0.7
3.6
1.6
Bangladesh
1 104
0.7
22
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
38
Belarus
154
1.6
29
15
4.2
4.2
15
Brazil
3 382
1.6
<1
324
26
0.6
<0.1
48
Bulgaria
34
0.5
38
30
Cambodia
215
1.4
13
China
2 952
0.2
38
DR Congo
1 604
2.1
Estonia
0.5
33
7.6
7.6
7.6
Ethiopia
2 972
3.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
28
Georgia
11
0.3
2.5
1.2
2.5
11
India
13 583
67
0.3
62
0.2
50
0.2
121
Indonesia
5 689
2.2
20
Kazakhstan
466
2.7
85
Kenya
1 920
4.3
21
Kyrgyzstan
131
2.2
Latvia
12
0.6
Lithuania
13
0.4
Mozambique
336
Myanmar
492
Nigeria
1 765
Pakistan
1 483
0.8
Philippines
2 561
Republic of Moldova
Russian Federation
South Africa
Tajikistan
Thailand
908
Uganda
1 365
Ukraine
676
UR Tanzania
945
Uzbekistan
Viet Nam
Zimbabwe
7.9
21
NUMBER OF
SITES
<1
0.9
LABORATORIES
PER 5 MILLION
POPULATION
2.3
26
NUMBER OF
LABORATORIES
720
LABORATORIES
PER 5 MILLION
POPULATION
NUMBER OF
LABORATORIES
Armenia
LABORATORIES
PER 5 MILLION
POPULATION
Afghanistan
NUMBER OF
LABORATORIES
HIGH
MDR-TB
BURDEN
YES NO
NUMBER OF
LABORATORIES
HIGH TB
BURDEN
PERCENTAGE OF
LABORATORIES
USING LED
MICROSCOPES
CULTURE
LABORATORIES
PER 100 000
POPULATION
SMEAR MICROSCOPY
6.2
2.8
1.3
17
1 825
6.7
399
1.5
157
0.6
654
0.3
0.2
<0.1
39
0.4
15
0.3
<0.1
41
22
6.3
12
3.5
23
0.3
0.3
0.6
70
1.7
1.7
13
2.5
2.5
15
10
3.4
1.2
21
0.6
0.4
0.2
24
0.9
31
0.3
0.2
0.2
38
15
0.2
0.2
0.2
96
12
0.3
0.1
0.1
42
2.6
<1
22
1.1
0.2
<0.1
84
59
1.4
4.9
4.9
28
5 347
3.7
405
0.2
96
207
0.4
100
12
84
1.3
53
3.9
3.6
18
0.7
1.5
65
7.2
1.8
14
0.4
325
1.1
<1
989
1.1
24
4.9
14
1.1
10
4
299
10
12
1.1
12
1.1
207
0.6
1.8
14
20
1.5
12
0.9
14
0.7
0.4
74
24
2.7
0.3
25
<0.1
0.3
59
1.2
0.3
0.5
24
23
1.2
0.1
0.1
30
0.7
0.7
0.3
62
220
1.4
10
High-burden countries
1.1
3.1
0.3
3.2
1.1
0.4
AFR
1.6
14
1.2
0.3
AMR
15
0.7
0.3
EMR
0.7
2.2
0.3
0.2
EUR
1.2
11
5.5
1.6
SEAR
1.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
WPR
0.5
16
1.3
0.5
Global
1.1
4.7
1.3
0.5
a priority to build sustainable in-country capacity to undertake DST to at least rifampicin, to allow the timely diagnosis
of drug-resistant strains.
As a high-throughput molecular tool for use at central
and regional levels, LPAs have been adopted by many countries for rapid first-line DST (to rifampicin and isoniazid) on
smear-positive specimens or cultures. In 2014, 92 countries
and territories reported at least one facility with capacity to
perform LPA tests. Of the 27 high MDR-TB burden countries,
13 reported LPA capacity in more than one laboratory per
5 million population.
Following initial WHO recommendations issued in
December 2010, Xpert MTB/RIF has been quickly adopted
by countries as an effective tool for the rapid detection of
TB and rifampicin resistance at lower levels of the health system. By the end of December 2014, a total of 3763 GeneXpert
instruments comprising 17883 modules had been procured
in the public sector in 116 of the 145 countries eligible for concessional pricing. In 2014, 4.8 million test cartridges were
procured by eligible countries (Figure 5.2), up from 550 000
in 2011. Of these, 51% (2.4 million) went to South Africa.
The original WHO policy guidance on Xpert MTB/RIF
issued in 2010 recommends its use as the initial diagnostic
test in individuals suspected of having MDR-TB or HIV-associated TB (strong recommendations). A policy update in 2013
expanded its recommended uses, including for the diagnosis of TB in children, on selected specimens for the diagnosis
n FIGURE 5.1
Data for 2013 were used if data for 2014 were not reported (n=6).
n FIGURE 5.2
Xpert MTB/RIF
cartridges procured
in 2014 (thousands)
04
549
5099
100299
300
Not eligible for preferential pricing
Not applicable
patient access to the test as a sensitive and rapid tool both for
detection of rifampicin resistance and for TB case-finding.
The growing number of drug-resistant cases being
detected by Xpert MTB/RIF and LPAs requires adjustment
of country culture and phenotypic DST capacities. The introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF and LPAs reduces the need for
culture as the initial diagnostic test, but at the same time
the growing detection of drug-resistant TB cases requires
culture capacity for monitoring of treatment and DST of
other anti-TB drugs to guide treatment adjustments. It is
also imperative that the increasing capacity of countries to
diagnose drug-resistant TB is matched by increased capacity
to provide appropriate treatment to all diagnosed cases (see
also Chapter 4).
One of the main reasons for low TB and drug-resistant TB
case detection rates in many parts of the world (Chapter 3) is
the existence of a significant private sector, in which care providers frequently diagnose people with TB and drug-resistant
TB but fail to notify these to national authorities. The quality
of diagnostic services in the private sector is highly variable
or unknown. Furthermore, in some settings, laboratories in
the public sector that are not under the auspices of the NTP
also diagnose TB and drug-resistant TB without necessarily
following recommended guidelines and quality assurance
procedures. Collaboration between NTPs and all laboratories offering TB and drug-resistant TB diagnosis is critical to
ensure that national guidelines are followed, that appropriate diagnostic tests are used, and that patients diagnosed
n TABLE 5.2
HIGH TB
BURDEN
HIGH
MDR-TB
BURDEN
PEOPLE LIVING
WITH HIV
PEOPLE AT RISK OF
DRUG-RESISTANT TB
CHILDREN SUSPECTED
OF HAVING TB
EXTRAPULMONARY TB USING
SELECTED SPECIMENS
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Belarus
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
China
DR Congo
Estonia
Ethiopia
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lithuania
Mozambique
Myanmar
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
Republic of Moldova
Russian Federation
South Africa
Tajikistan
Thailand
Uganda
Ukraine
UR Tanzania
Uzbekistan
Viet Nam
Zimbabwe
YES
NO
High-burden countries
86%
100%
77%
64%
85%
93%
81%
70%
AFR
72%
84%
67%
40%
AMR
52%
48%
35%
30%
EMR
56%
62%
38%
44%
EUR
50%
57%
45%
44%
SEAR
55%
82%
36%
45%
WPR
72%
83%
56%
50%
Global
60%
69%
50%
41%
The regional and global figures are aggregates of data reported by low- and middle-income countries and territories. Data for the variables shown in
the table are not requested from high-income countries in the WHO data collection form.
5.3
http://gliquality.org
n FIGURE 5.3
Boston, USA
Atlanta, USA
Mexico City, Mexico
Moscow, Russia
Yekaterinburg, Russia
Novosibirsk, Russia
Borstel, Germany
Prague, Czech Republic
Zagreb, Croatia
Rome, Italy
London, UK
Gauting, Germany
Milan, Italy
Porto, Portugal
Barcelona, Spain
Le Hamma, Algeria
Cairo, Egypt
Karachi, Pakistan
Guadeloupe, France
Tokyo, Japan
Chennai, India
Cotonou, Benin
Kampala, Uganda
Brisbane, Australia
Adelaide, Australia
Supranational Reference Laboratory
Supranational Reference Laboratory Coordinating Centre
Candidate Supranational Reference Laboratory
National Centre of Excellence
CHAPTER
2
1
3
4
6.1
2
3
75
50
African region
Global
25
Regions outside Africa
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
In India, the national figure fell slightly between 2013 and 2014, from
63% to 61%. This reflects a large increase in notifications (see Chapter 3,
Box 3.2) from the private sector (included in the denominator), without
a corresponding increase in reporting related to HIV testing. When
analysis is restricted to units that reported data in both 2013 and 2014,
the percentage of TB patients who knew their HIV status rose from 63%
to 72%.
The reported figure is also relatively low for the Russian Federation.
However, this is because the denominator available for calculations is
the total number of new and relapse cases that were notified while the
numerator available for calculations includes only new TB patients in
the civilian sector. In practice, testing coverage is estimated to be close
to 100% in the Russian Federation.
n TABLE 6.1
HIV testing for TB patients, treatment for HIV-positive TB patients and prevention of TB among people living with HIV,
41 high TB/HIV burden countries and WHO regions, 2014. Numbers in thousands except where indicated.
ESTIMATED
HIV-POSTIVE INCIDENT
TB CASESa
Angola
Botswana
Brazil
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
China
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
DR Congo
Ethiopiac
Ghana
Haiti
India
Indonesia
Kenya
Lesotho
Malawi
Mali
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nigeria
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Sudan
Swaziland
Thailand
Togo
Uganda
Ukraine
UR Tanzania
Viet Nam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
High TB/HIV burden countries
AFR
AMR
EMR
EUR
SEAR
WPR
Global
23
4.5
16
1.2
1.9
1.8
20
7.6
6.0
13
5.5
8.5
0.54
34
19
11
3.7
110
63
40
12
19
0.71
85
19
5.6
100
5.5
1.8
2.3
270
1.2
5.9
15
0.83
28
8.1
62
7.0
38
25
1 100
870
36
12
20
210
31
1 200
1434
4.15.0
1417
1.01.3
1.62.1
1.62.0
1723
5.99.4
4.77.4
1116
4.36.9
7.59.6
0.440.65
2742
1523
5.219
3.24.3
96120
4190
3842
8.516
1031
0.640.78
65110
1524
4.86.5
59160
4.56.6
1.52.1
1.73.0
240310
0.652.0
4.27.9
7.824
0.671.0
2432
7.09.3
29110
5.78.5
2552
1735
1 0001 200
790950
3438
1015
1821
180240
2835
1 1001 300
NUMBER OF
NOTIFIED TB
PATIENTS
WITH
KNOWN HIV
STATUS
% OF
NOTIFIED TB
PATIENTS
WITH
KNOWN HIV
STATUS
% OF TB
PATIENTS
WITH AN HIV
TEST RESULT
WHO WERE
HIV-POSITIVE
% OF
NOTIFIED
HIV-POSITIVE
TB PATIENTS
STARTED ON
ART
NUMBER OF
HIV-POSTIVE
TB PATIENTS
ON ART
AS % OF
ESTIMATED
HIV-POSITIVE
INCIDENT TB
CASESb
28
5.5
57
5.6
6.7
36
23
5.2
6.6
344
1.3
22
1.9
53
89
12
14
1 035
15
84
9.1
16
2.6
56
56
9.1
84
67d
5.9
11
295
5.5
5.4
51
2.5
44
39
58
74
40
29
2 804
1 064
169
68
200
1 171
552
3 224
50
91
70
96
91
81
87
51
54
42
13
93
84
46
75
77
88
61
4.6
95
93
93
43
96
40
92
92
99
87
93
27
97
71
97
95
97
91
73
93
89
60
79
74
15
62
45
40
51
10
60
17
12
14
2.7
37
34
19
1.5
29
24
8.5
14
9.7
24
19
4.3
16
36
72
54
14
52
11
44
19
25
12
61
6.0
73
13
21
45
20
35
5.2
61
68
18
39
13
2.4
8.2
5.1
2.3
16
78
86
68
98
70
56
69
24
21
68
67
39
39
54
90
26
87
74
92
100
81
90
84
75
87
68
79
45
79
69
76
81
56
83
73
73
86
78
77
63
63
58
85
68
77
57
47
32
52
30
12
28
1.7
13
20
14
18
10
38
36
1.0
65
41
43
52
28
30
60
12
72
39
53
12
53
31
48
57
53
27
40
46
66
34
37
20
7.9
31
24
27
33
NUMBER OF
HIV-POSITIVE
PEOPLE
PROVIDED
WITH IPT
0.9
10
22
135
94
3.0
26
1.3
552
1.2
16
23
30
916
876
29
0.5
21
3.0
3.7
933
% OF PEOPLE
NEWLY
ENROLLED
IN HIV CARE
WHO WERE
NOTIFIED AS
A TB CASE
THE SAME
YEAR
9.8
19
2.9
3.2
4.4
22
3.1
1.5
8.5
38
8.8
10
18
12
15
9.0
9.1
8.4
20
32
3.7
3.9
8.9
n FIGURE 6.2
Percentage of
notified TB patients
014
1549
5074
75
No data
Not applicable
a
Data for the Russian Federation are for new TB patients in the civilian sector only.
6.2
Globally, 16% of TB patients with an HIV test result were HIVpositive (Table 6.1). The figure was 18% among the 41 high TB/
HIV burden countries that accounted for more than 94% of
estimated HIV-positive incident TB cases in 2014. Overall, the
percentage of TB patients testing HIV-positive has been falling globally since 2008 (Figure 6.3).
The highest rates of HIV co-infection were reported for
TB patients in the African Region (Table 6.1), where 39% of
those with an HIV test result were HIV-positive (compared
with 41% in 2013). The percentage of TB patients found to be
HIV-positive in the 28 African countries in the list of 41 high
TB/HIV burden countries ranged from about 10% in Angola
and Ethiopia to more than 70% in Lesotho and Swaziland. In
all other regions, the percentage of TB patients with a documented HIV test result who were HIV-positive was much
lower.
2
n FIGURE 6.3
Percentage of notified TB patients with known HIV status who were HIV-positive, and percentage of notified HIV-positive
TB patients enrolled on co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), 20072014
100
80
80
60
60
60
40
40
40
20
20
20
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
n FIGURE 6.4
1000
0
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
6.3
100
80
Percentage of notified
TB patients
100
NUMBER
1871
362
28 weeks
>8 weeks
Median
23 days
How AIDS changed everything MDG 6. 15 years, 15 lessons of hope from the
AIDS response. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2015. Available at: http://www.unaids.
org/en/resources/documents/2015/MDG6_15years15lessonsfromtheAIDSresponse
Understanding Fast-Track. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2015. Available at http://
www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/201506_JC2743_
Understanding_FastTrack_en.pdf)
Cox JA et.al. Anautopsystudy describing causes of death and
comparing clinico-pathological findings among hospitalized patients in
Kampala, Uganda; Plos One, 2012;7(3):e33685. doi: 10.1371/journal.
pone.0033685. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
Wong EB et.al. Causes of death on antiretroviral therapy: a postmortem study from South Africa; Plos One 2012;7(10):e47542. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0047542. Epub 2012 Oct 16.
Kilale AM et.al. High prevalence of tuberculosis diagnosed during
autopsy examination at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania; Tanzania Journal of Health Research 2013; 15.
Suthar AB et al. Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of tuberculosis in
adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2012,
9(7): e1001270. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001270).
n FIGURE 6.5
Number of HIV-positive TB patients on ART as a percentage of estimated HIV-positive incident TB cases, 2014a
Percentage
024
2549
5074
75100
No data
Not applicable
The numerator (i.e. all notified HIV-positive TB cases on ART) includes all notified new, relapse and non-relapse retreatment cases. The denominator
(i.e. estimated HIV-positive incident TB cases) includes new and relapse cases only.
Policy update: Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of pulmonary and
extrapulmonary TB in adults and children. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2013 (WHO/HTM/TB/2013.16). Available at: http://who.
int/tb/laboratory/xpert_policyupdate/en/
Xpert MTB/RIF implementation manual: technical and operational how-to;
practical considerations. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014
(WHO/HTM/TB/2014.1). Available at: http://who.int/tb/publications/
xpert_implem_manual/en/
Meeting Report of the Xpert MTB/RIF Implementers Global Forum, 12 May
2014. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014. Available at: http://
www.stoptb.org/wg/gli/assets/documents/Xpert%20
Implementers%20Global%20Forum%20meeting%20report.pdf.
Box 6.2 The use of Xpert MTB/RIF in diagnosis of TB among people living with HIV
n FIGURE 6.6
Global
800
South Africa
600
Rest of Africa
400
Rest of world
200
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
6.5
CHAPTER
Financing
7.1
2
3
5
6
n FIGURE 7.1
Data reported by NTPs to WHO since 2006 allowed analysis of funding trends 20062015 in 123 countries (Table 7.1).
These countries accounted for 95% of the global number of
TB cases reported in 2014, and included 120 low and middleincome countries plus three high TB and/or MDR-TB burden
countries that have reached high-income status (Estonia,
Latvia and the Russian Federation). The methods used to
collect, review and analyse financial data are summarized in
Box 7.1.
Total
6
US$ billions
5
4
Drug-susceptible TB
MDR-TB
Other
TB/HIV
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
n FIGURE 7.2
Funding for drug-susceptible TB and MDR-TB, 20062015, by country group (constant 2015 US$ millions)
BRICS
17 other HBCs
2000
1250
1000
1500
US$ millions
1000
750
750
1000
500
500
500
250
250
0
2006
2009
2012
Drug-susceptible TB
2015
0
2006
2009
2012
2015
2006
2009
2012
2015
MDR-TB
n FIGURE 7.3
4
3
2
1
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Total
Domestic (NTP budget)
Inpatient and outpatient care (best estimate likely >95%
is domestic fundinga)
Global Fund (NTP budget)
Other international donors (NTP budget)
In these 123 countries, funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment reached US$6.6 billion in 2015, up from
US$ 6.2 billion in 2014 and more than double the US$ 3.2
billion that was available in 2006 (Figure 7.1). Of the total of
US$ 6.6 billion, most is for the diagnosis and treatment of
drug-susceptible TB (US$3.9 billion). Funding for MDR-TB has
grown, especially since 2009, reaching US$2.3 billion in 2015
(Figure 7.1, Figure 7.2). However, it should be highlighted
that more than half of this funding is accounted for by the
Russian Federation (Table 7.2), reflecting extensive use of
hospitalization for patients with MDR-TB. Given the still large
detection gaps for MDR-TB as well as gaps between the numbers of cases detected and started on treatment (Chapter 4),
much more funding is required for MDR-TB globally and in
most of the high MDR-TB burden countries.
A detailed breakdown of the funding estimated to be
required for drug-susceptible TB, MDR-TB and collaborative
TB/HIV activities in 2015, based on NTPs assessments of their
needs, is shown for the 36 high TB and MDR-TB burden countries in Table 7.2.
Domestic funding for the TB-specific budgets of NTPs
accounts for the largest single share of funding, followed by
funding for inpatient and outpatient care (Figure 7.3). Since
GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2015 n 89
n TABLE 7.1
123 low and middle-income countries included in analyses of TB financing, by income group and WHO region, 2015a
BRICS
(48% OF
NOTIFIED CASES
GLOBALLY IN
2014)
LOW-INCOME
(13% OF NOTIFIED CASES
GLOBALLY IN 2014)
LOWER-MIDDLE-INCOME
(57% OF NOTIFIED CASES
GLOBALLY IN 2014)
UPPER-MIDDLE-INCOME
(25% OF NOTIFIED CASES
GLOBALLY IN 2014)
Africa
Cabo Verde,
Cameroon, Congo,
Cte dIvoire, Ghana,
Kenya, Lesotho,
Mauritania, Nigeria,
Sao Tom and
Principe, Senegal,
Swaziland, Zambia
Angola, Botswana,
Gabon, Namibia,
South Africa
South Africa
Americas
Haiti
Bolivia, El Salvador,
Guatemala,
Guyana, Honduras,
Nicaragua
Belize, Brazil,
Colombia,
Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Jamaica,
Mexico, Panama,
Paraguay, Peru,
Suriname
Brazil
Eastern
Mediterranean
Afghanistan, Somalia
Djibouti, Egypt,
Morocco, Pakistan,
Sudan, Syria, West
Bank and Gaza Strip,
Yemen
Iran (Islamic
Republic of), Iraq,
Jordan, Lebanon,
Tunisia
Armenia, Georgia,
Kyrgyzstan,
Republic of
Moldova, Tajikistan,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Bosnia and
Herzegovina,
Bulgaria,
Kazakhstan,
Montenegro,
Romania, Serbia,
The Former
Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Turkey
Russian
Federation
Europe
17 HIGH-BURDEN
COUNTRIES EXCLUDING
BRICS
(33% OF NOTIFIED
CASES GLOBALLY IN
2014)
DR Congo,
Ethiopia, Kenya,
Mozambique,
Nigeria, Uganda,
UR Tanzania,
Zimbabwe
Afghanistan,
Pakistan
Armenia,Bulgaria,
Estonia, Georgia,
Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Republic of
Moldova, Tajikistan,
Ukraine, Uzbekistan
South-East
Asia
Democratic Peoples
Republic of Korea,
Nepal
Bangladesh, Bhutan,
India, Indonesia,
Myanmar, Sri Lanka,
Timor-Leste
Maldives, Thailand
India
Bangladesh,
Indonesia,
Myanmar, Thailand
Western Pacific
Cambodia
Kiribati, Lao
Peoples Democratic
Republic, Micronesia
(Federal States of),
Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Samoa,
Solomon Islands,
Vanuatu, Viet Nam
American Samoa,
China, Fiji, Malaysia,
Marshall Islands,
Mongolia, Palau,
Tonga, Tuvalu
China
Cambodia,
Philippines,
VietNam
Not included
Comoros
Albania, Algeria,
Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Grenada,
Libya, Palau, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines,
Turkmenistan
Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Lithuania
Analyses focus primarily on low and middle-income countries. Three high-income countries (Estonia, Latvia and the Russian Federation) were included
because they are in the list of 22 high-burden countries or the list of 27 high MDR-TB burden countries. Additional countries included in trend analyses
of TB financing compared with those included in previous global reports are shown in bold.
n TABLE 7.2
TB budget reported by NTP by intervention area, and estimated cost of inpatient and outpatient care for drug-susceptible
(DS-TB) and MDR-TB, 36 high TB or MDR-TB burden countries, 2015 (current US$ millions)
RESOURCES REQUIRED
FOR INPATIENT AND
OUTPATIENT CARE
DS-TB
MDR-TB
TB/HIV
DS-TB
MDR-TB
RESOURCES
REQUIRED
FOR TB CARE
22 HIGH-BURDEN COUNTRIES
Afghanistan
15
13
1.3
0.1
6.7
0.2
22
Bangladesh
48
42
5.6
0.1
1.0
0.1
49
Brazil
77
65
9.4
2.3
1.9
126
Cambodia
31
28
1.9
0.6
340
313
DR Congo
55
48
3.1
2.7
Ethiopia
82
57
19
5.6
8.0
0.3
India
261
179
78
4.0
Indonesia
133
119
11
2.7
27.6
5.1
165
Kenya
45
39
0.8
5.2
4.4
0.9
50
Mozambique
29
18
6.4
4.3
3.7
0.3
33
Myanmar
36
23
9.5
4.4
3.0
0.5
40
Nigeria
228
156
54
17
8.5
3.8
240
Pakistan
50
33
17
3.0
0.2
53
106
84
21
0.9
5.9
298
1 894
637
1 211
47
1 894
248
129
61
58
Thailand
32
27
5.2
Uganda
24
21
UR Tanzania
67
53
Viet Nam
66
Zimbabwe
28
3 895
2 166
Chinaa
Philippines
Russian Federationa,b
South Africa
22 high-burden countries
27
3.3
47
6.4
37
456
57
70
185
91
788
99
340
363
710
0.1
7.0
0.1
2.1
1.1
0.6
25
9.6
4.5
2.4
0.3
70
60
5.9
0.8
2.7
102
22
2.2
3.5
1 563
165
33
0.5
910
39
29
455
5 261
4.2
4.2
Azerbaijan
6.3
2.5
3.7
19
Belarus
15
<0.1
22
Bulgaria
15
15
0.2
11
Estonia
0.6
0.3
0.3
1.3
1.1
Georgia
17
8.6
8.0
5.4
4.6
1.9
13
3.7
10
7.9
33
29
0.6
27
3.1
27
195
163
30
1.2
Kyrgyzstan
29
16
13
5.1
5.0
39
2.6
15
1.6
0.2
1.4
11
Lithuania
81
66
Kazakhstan
Latvia
105
2.1
381
7.4
11
18
Republic of Moldova
17
13
4.1
0.1
6.8
5.8
30
Tajikistan
25
16
7.7
0.7
5.0
1.9
32
Ukraine
123
59
62
2.2
32
27
182
Uzbekistan
101
88
12
<0.1
35
10
146
4 097
2 268
1 681
148
1 101
640
5 838
4 445
2 555
1 720
170
1 180
644
6 268
Box 7.1 Methods used to compile, validate and analyze financial data reported to WHO
WHO began monitoring government and international donor
financing for TB in 2002. All data are stored in the WHO global TB
database. The standard methods used to compile, review, validate
and analyse these data have been described in detail elsewhere.a,b
This box provides a summary.
Each year, WHO requests all low and middle-income countries
(and the Russian Federation, the only HBC that is a high-income
country) to report the funding required for TB prevention,
diagnosis and treatment in their current fiscal year, by category of
expenditure and source of funding; and expenditures for the most
recently completed fiscal year, also by category of expenditure and
source of funding. In the 2015 round of global TB data collection,
the fiscal years were 2015 and 2014, respectively. Categories of
expenditure for diagnosis and treatment of drug-susceptible
TB were synthesized compared to those used 20062014,
to simplify reporting. Six categories were used: laboratory
infrastructure, equipment and supplies; NTP staff (central unit
staff and subnational TB staff); drugs to treat drug-susceptible
TB; programme costs; patient support; and operational research
including surveys. The main change was that several subcategories
of programme costs were condensed into one category (this
means that trends can still be assessed back to 2006). Categories
of expenditure used for MDR-TB remained the same as those used
since 2006: second-line drugs, and programmatic management
of MDR-TB. Budgets and expenditures for collaborative TB/
HIV activities were requested as one consolidated category of
expenditure, as in previous years. Funding available from four
major sources was requested, also as in previous years: domestic
funding excluding loans; external loans, also considered domestic
funding; the Global Fund; and grant financing from sources other
than the Global Fund. A simplification compared with previous
years was that only an overall breakdown of total funding was
requested, as opposed to a breakdown for each category of
expenditure. Again, this does not affect ability to report trends in
a format consistent with those published in past reports. For highincome countries (except the Russian Federation which is an HBC),
only totals for both funding requirements and expenditures were
requested, without any breakdown by category of expenditure or
source of funding, as in previous years.
As usual in 2015, all countries were asked to report on the
utilization of inpatient and outpatient care required for treatment
of people with drug-susceptible and MDR-TB, on a per patient
basis (i.e. the average number of days spent in hospital, and the
average number of outpatient visits to a health facility). These
data are used in combination with other information to estimate
the financial resources used for TB prevention, diagnosis and
treatment that are not reflected in TB-specific reports of funding
requirements, available funding and expenditures (further details
are provided below).
Core methods used to review and validate data have remained
consistent since 2002. They include:
Routine checks for plausibility and consistency, including
validation checks that are built into the online reporting
system. Examples of validation checks are checks for
implausibly large year-to-year changes (for example in total
reported funding by source and by category of expenditure), or
implausibly high or low values of funding for drugs relative to
the number of TB patients (that differ substantially from prices
quoted by the Global TB Drug Facility).
Discussions with country respondents to resolve queries.
92 n GLOBAL TUBERCULOSIS REPORT 2015
TABLE B7.1
Methods used to review and validate financing data reported by NTPs, high TB and MDR-TB burden countries
ROUTINE REAL-TIME CHECKS FOR
PLAUSIBILITY AND INTERNAL
CONSISTENCY (TRENDS OVER TIME),
REVIEW AND FOLLOW-UP CHECKS
BY WHO FINANCE DATA REVIEWERS,
UPDATES/ CORRECTIONS ENCOURAGED
REVIEW BY
IN-COUNTRY
WHO TB MEDICAL
OFFICER
Afghanistan
yes
yes
yes (2013)
no
Bangladesh
yes
yes
yes (2014)
yes
Brazil
yes
yes
no
yes
Cambodia
yes
yes
yes (2009)
yes
China
yes
yes
no
yes
DR Congo
yes
yes
yes (2014)
no
Ethiopia
yes
sometimes
yes (2014)
yes
India
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Indonesia
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Kenya
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Mozambique
yes
mostly
yes (2013)
no
Myanmar
yes
yes
yes (2011)
no
Nigeria
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Pakistan
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Philippines
yes
yes
yes (2011)
yes
Russian Federation
yes
yes
no
yes
South Africa
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
UR Tanzania
yes
yes
no
yes
Thailand
yes
yes
yes (2015)
yes
Uganda
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Viet Nam
yes
yes
no
yes
Zimbabwe
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Armenia
yes
Wolfheze working
group on financing
yes (2010)
no
Azerbaijan
yes
no
no
no
Belarus
yes
Wolfheze working
group on financing
no
no
Bulgaria
yes
no
no
no
Georgia
yes
no
no
no
Kazakhstan
yes
no
yes (2013)
no
Kyrgyzstan
yes
yes
yes (2013)
no
Latvia
yes
no
no
yes
Lithuaniaa
no
no
no
no
Republic of Moldova
yes
no
no
no
Tajikistan
yes
no
no
yes
Ukraine
yes
yes
yes (2013)
yes
Uzbekistan
yes
no
yes (2011)
no
COUNTRY
NATIONAL TB STRATEGIC
PLANNING AND BUDGETING
AND ASSOCIATED ASSESSMENT
OF SOURCES OF FUNDING USING
WHO RECOMMENDED
COSTING TOOLS b
Source: GTB compilation based on data review process and Lawrence Y. et al, 2015.
a Data for Lithuania has never been reported to WHO.
b The tools recommended by WHO are the OneHealth tool and the WHO TB Planning and Budgeting tool.
Planning and budgeting for TB control activities as part of sector wide national
strategic health plans and policies. Geneva, Inter-Agency working group;
2015. Available at: http://www.who.int/choice/onehealthtool/en/
e For example, data available at http://web-api.theglobalfund.org/odata/
were accessed in May 2015.
f FY 2013 Congressional Budget Justification for Foreign Operations.
Released March and April 2012, USAID http://www.state.gov/f/releases/
iab/fy2013cbj/pdf/
7.3
n TABLE 7.3
TB budget reported by NTP, available funding from domestic and international donor sources, funding gap and share of
budget provided by domestic and international donor funding, 36 high TB or MDR-TB burden countries, 2015
(current US$ millions)
TB BUDGET
REPORTED
BY NTP
DOMESTIC
FUNDING (A)
INTERNATIONAL
DONOR
FUNDING (B)
SHARE OF AVAILABLE
FUNDING (A+B)
PROVIDED FROM
DOMESTIC SOURCES
(%)
SHARE OF AVAILABLE
FUNDING (A+B)
PROVIDED BY
INTERNATIONAL
DONORS (%)
FUNDING
GAPa
22 HIGH-BURDEN COUNTRIES
Afghanistan
15
0.9
10
8.1%
92%
Bangladesh
48
0.1
33
0.4%
100%
Brazil
77
Cambodia
31
China
340
55
3.6
306
0.6
99%
14
20%
1.1%
80%
4.0
14
21
13
98%
2%
28
DR Congo
55
3.0
27
10%
90%
24
Ethiopia
82
9.1
35
21%
79%
38
India
261
121
140
46%
54%
Indonesia
133
18
27
39%
61%
88
Kenya
45
12
13
48%
52%
20
Mozambique
29
Myanmar
Nigeria
Pakistan
Philippines
Russian Federation
South Africa
36
228
50
1.6
3.9
30
8.4
106
25
1 894
1 893
19
14%
86%
41%
59%
154
30
22%
78%
12
42
37%
63%
40
100%
0%
8.6%
21
1.0
208
32
17
Uganda
24
2.4
UR Tanzania
67
8.5
Viet Nam
66
6.7
12
Zimbabwe
28
2.0
17
546
2 735
8.1
25
248
3 895
92%
44
Thailand
22 high-burden countries
7.9%
19
3.6
91%
82%
18%
12
17
12%
88%
12
41%
59%
47
37%
63%
48
11%
89%
10
83%
17%
614
71%
29%
0
0
5.2
4.2
3.0
1.2
Azerbaijan
6.3
1.2
5.1
19%
81%
Belarus
15
7.1
3.6
66%
34%
4.7
Bulgaria
15
13
1.8
88%
12%
Estonia
0.6
0.6
100%
<1%
Georgia
17
5.5
7.9
41%
59%
3.2
Kazakhstan
195
195
100%
0%
Kyrgyzstan
29
11
18
37%
63%
100%
0%
Latvia
1.6
1.6
Lithuania
Republic of Moldova
17
Tajikistan
25
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
123
10
6.9
50
7.1
59%
41%
13
35%
65%
23
68%
32%
0
5.1
50
101
86
14
86%
14%
4 097
3 023
536
85%
15%
538
4 445
3 126
641
83%
17%
678
Box 7.2 International donor funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment,
based on donor reports to the Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development
International donor funding provided for TB prevention, diagnosis
and treatment is channelled to NTPs and other recipients. The
financial data reported to WHO by NTPs therefore understates the
total amount of international donor funding being provided each
year.
The creditor reporting system (CRS) of the Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is the most
comprehensive source of information about international donor
funding. Reports are provided by 31 multilateral organizations,
FIGURE B7.2.1
US$ millions
600
400
United States
200
Other multilaterals
Other countries
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
a
The increase between 2012 and 2013 was mostly accounted for by India,
which had a Global Fund disbursement of US$ 11 million in 2012 and
US$ 165 million in 2013.
FIGURE B7.2.2
International donor funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment by region, 20042013
Africa
40
US$ millions
US$ millions
300
200
100
2011
2012
20
10
2013
Asia
50
400
US$ millions
US$ millions
30
500
America
300
200
100
0
2011
2012
2013
2011
2012
2013
Europe
40
30
20
10
0
2011
United States
2012
2013
Other countries
FIGURE B7.2.3
International donor funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment to non-OECD countries, 20112013
(constant 2013 US$, million). Donors are listed on the left and recipients of donor funding are listed on the right. The Global
Fund through which much donor funding is channelled, is shown in the middle.
USA: $1077
Asia: $ 1300
France,
Germany and
the United
Kingdom:
$ 538
Africa: $ 899
Other countries:
$ 657
Bill &
Melinda Gates
Foundation:
$ 77
Americas: $ 104
Global Fund: $ 1728
Other
multilaterals:
$ 91
Europe: $ 109
Oceania: $ 28
n FIGURE 7.4
Funding for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment from domestic sources and international donors, 20062015,
9 country groups (constant 2015 US$ billions)
US$ billions
a. BRICS
0.4
1
0.8
0.3
0.6
0.2
1
0.2
0
2006
0.25
0.4
0.1
0
2009
2012
2015
d. Low-income countries
0
2006
0.6
c. Rest of worlda
2009
2012
2015
e. Lower-middle-income countries
2006
3
2009
2012
2015
f. Upper-middle-income countriesb
US$ billions
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.2
0.05
0
0
2006
0.4
2009
2012
2015
g. Africa
0
2006
0.6
0.3
US$ billions
0.4
2009
2012
2015
h. Asiac
2006
3
0.4
0.2
2009
2012
2015
2012
2015
i. Other regionsd
0.2
0.1
0
0
2006
2009
2012
Domestic
2015
0
2006
2009
International donorse
2012
2015
2006
2009
Rest of the world includes 101 countries that are not in the list of 22 high TB burden or 27 high MDR-TB burden countries.
The upper-middle-income category includes three high-income countries that are in the list of TB and/or high MDR-TB burden countries: Estonia, Latvia
and the Russian Federation.
c Asia includes the WHO regions of South-East Asia and the Western Pacific.
d Other regions consists of three WHO regions: the Eastern Mediterranean Region, the European Region, and the Region of the Americas.
e This includes the Global Fund.
b
7.4.1 Drug-susceptible TB
The cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible TB was
generally in the range US$ 100US$ 1 000. In general, approx-
Box 7.3 Methods used to estimate the cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible
and MDR-TB
Two main data sources were used. The first was the validated
expenditure data reported by NTPs that are stored in the WHO
global TB database. The second was country-specific estimates
of the unit costs of bed-days and outpatient visits available from
WHOs CHOosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective (WHOCHOICE) model and associated database (managed by the Health
Governance and Financing department). In a few instances when
no expenditure data could be reported, information about the
total funding available was used as a proxy for expenditures. For
a few countries, WHO-CHOICE estimates were replaced with
estimates of unit costs obtained directly from recent studies or
discussions with experts.
Costs were calculated separately for drug-susceptible and MDRTB. In each case, the numerator was the total estimated cost of
treatment, which has two main parts: 1) the national expenditures
reported by the NTP; and 2) the costs associated with the
utilization of health services by patients with TB and MDR-TB.
As explained in Box 7.1, national NTP expenditures are reported
annually to WHO using the online WHO global TB data
collection system, and then reviewed and validated. Categories
of expenditure considered as costs for MDR-TB were secondline drugs, and all other inputs/activities implemented for the
programmatic management of MDR-TB. All other categories (with
n FIGURE 7.5
Funding gaps for TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment reported by countries, by income group and WHO region,
20062015 (constant 2015 US$ millions)a
Total gap = US$ 0.8 billion
600
400
400
US$ millions
US$ millions
500
300
200
300
200
100
100
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Lower-middle-income countries
Low-income countries
Upper-middle-income countries
500
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
African region
Region of the Americas
Eastern Mediterranean region
European region
South-East Asia region
Western Pacific region
The upper-middle-income category includes three high-income countries that are in the list of TB and/or high MDR-TB burden countries: Estonia, Latvia
and the Russian Federation.
n FIGURE 7.6
Estimated cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible TB in 117 countries, 2014a
20 000
10 000
1 000 000
5 000
250 000
Philippines
Viet
Nam
1 000
Ethiopia
500
Cambodia
Zimbabwe
Nigeria
Mozambique
Uganda
100
China
Kenya
Afghanistan
DR Congo
Brazil
South Africa
African
American
Eastern
Mediterranean
European
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Thailand
Myanmar
UR Tanzania
WHO region
Indonesia
India
Bangladesh
Pakistan
500
1 000
2 000
5 000
10 000
15 000
n FIGURE 7.7
50 000
20 000
100
Ukraine
Pakistan
Ethiopia
Tajikistan
India
Georgia China
Azerbaijan
5 000
Indonesia
Myanmar
WHO region
Philippines
African
American
Eastern
Mediterranean
European
South-East Asia
Western Pacific
Viet Nam
Uzbekistan
Bangladesh
1 000
500
500
1 000
2 000
Latvia
Estonia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
10 000
DR Congo
South
Nigeria Africa
Armenia
Russian
Federation
Belarus
Bulgaria
5 000
10 000
15 000
Although not yet be reflected in analyses for 2014, the Russian Federation reported hospitalization of about 65% of TB
patients with drug-susceptible TB in 2015, compared with
93% in 2014.
Low-income countries spent on average US$ 516 per TB
patient, while upper-middle-income or high-income countries invested an average of US$ 5 558. In the 22 HBCs, the
estimated cost per patient treated for drug-susceptible TB
in 2014 ranged from US$74 in Pakistan to US$12988 in the
Russian Federation. In all of the 22 HBCs, the cost per patient
treated for drug-susceptible TB was less than gross domestic
product (GDP) per capita. Six countries China, India, South
Africa, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Pakistan, which together
account for 58% of the global TB burden have costs per
patient treated that are relatively low compared with their
GDP per capita. While the level of GDP per capita clearly
influences the cost of TB treatment, this shows that the size
of the total patient caseload is also an important factor (for
example, when numbers of patients treated are very large,
economies of scale can be realised).
7.4.2 MDR-TB
For MDR-TB, the cost per patient treated ranged from an
average of US$ 6 826 in low-income countries to an average of
US$ 21265 in upper middle-income countries in 2014. As for
drug-susceptible TB, the cost per patient treated for MDR-TB
was typically higher in countries of the former Soviet Union,
ranging from US$ 2935 in Uzbekistan to US$ 64250 in Latvia (where all patients with MDR-TB are hospitalized for an
average of 120 days, at an estimated cost of US$262 per day).
This mainly reflects greater reliance on inpatient care, with
admissions lasting up to an average of 240 days per patient
and accounting for about 60% of the total cost of treatment.
7.5
4
5
6
7
8
9
cvv
World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2010. Health systems
financing: the path to universal coverage. Geneva: World Health
Organization; 2010.
McIntyre et al. Fiscal Space for Domestic Funding of Health and Other Social
Services. London: Chatham House; 2014.
World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization.
Resolution CD53.R14 Strategy for universal access to health and universal
health coverage. 53rd Directing Council, 66th Session of the Regional
Committee of WHO for the Americas. Washington: World Health
Organization and Pan American Health Organization, 2014.
Xu et al, Protecting Households from Catastrophic Health Spending,
Health Affairs 2007; 26(4): 972983.
Xu et al., Household Catastrophic Health Expenditure: A Multicountry
Analysis, The Lancet 2003;362: 111117.
World Health Organization and World Bank. First Global Monitoring
Report on Tracking Universal Health Coverage, 2015. http://www.who.int/
healthinfo/universal_health_coverage/report/2015/en/.
WHO National Health Accounts database, accessed July 2015 via http://
apps.who.int/nha/database
n FIGURE 7.8
Percentage
of GDP
<4%
45.9%
69.9%
10%
No data
Not applicable
n FIGURE 7.9
Government spending on health per capita in low-income countries (shown in blue), 2013. Middle and high-income
countries are shown in white.a
<US$ 5
US$ 59.9
US$ 1019.9
US$ 2029.9
US$ 3044.9
US$ 4560
No data
Not applicable
a
Countries are classified as per the World Bank income categories for 2013. Available at: http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-and-lending-groups
n FIGURE 7.10
Percentage
15%
1629%
3044%
45%
No data
Not applicable
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
US
Italy
Canada
Germany
Netherlands
United Kingdom
France
India
Nigeria
Indonesia
China
0
Russian Federation
100
Brazil
South Africa
n FIGURE 7.11
Percentage
CHAPTER
n FIGURE 8.1
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
This is not an exhaustive list of technologies in development. Those listed are the ones documented in publications by UNITAID and TAG:
UNITAID. 2014. Tuberculosis Diagnostic Technology and Market Landscape 3rd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: http://www.
unitaid.eu/images/marketdynamics/publications/UNITAID_TB_Diagnostics_Landscape_3rd-edition.pdf
Harrington M. The tuberculosis diagnostics pipeline in 2015 Pipeline Report: HIV, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Tuberculosis Drugs, Diagnostics, Vaccines,
Preventive Technologies, Research Toward a Cure, and Immune-Based and Gene Therapies in Development. New York, Treatment Action Group, 2015. Available at:
http://www.pipelinereport.org/sites/g/files/g575521/f/201507/2015%20Pipeline%20Report%20Full.pdf
8.1
The End TB strategy targets set for 2035 are to reduce the
absolute number of TB deaths by 95% and to reduce the
TB incidence rate by 90%, compared with a baseline of
2015 (Chapter 1). To achieve these targets, national TB programmes (NTPs) first need to implement strategies that
fully optimize the use of existing diagnostic technologies.
Research and development is required so that new rapid
tests that can be used at the point of care, and that accelerate
access to testing for drug susceptibility for all bacteriologically-confirmed TB cases, become available.
Treatment Action Group (TAG).2 Tools using molecular technologies such as nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)
are the most advanced. Technologies under development
include tests to detect TB, drug resistance, or TB and drug
resistance combined. These include microarray-based multiplexing diagnostic platforms for the simultaneous detection
of a large number of resistance-conferring mutations. Unfortunately, most tests under development are intended for use
at the reference or intermediate laboratory level only, requiring dedicated infrastructure and experienced staff.
There are at least three technologies that are commercially available (Epistem Genedrive, Epistem, UK; Molbio
Truelab, Molbio, India and EASYNAT, Ustar, China) that are
intended for use at the microscopy level. However, to date no
multicentre evaluation and/or demonstration studies in different epidemiological setting have been conducted. These
are necessary to generate the performance data required
by WHO to assess and produce recommendations on these
technologies (Figure 8.2). Evaluation studies are expensive,
and therefore additional funding is urgently needed, both
to expedite the progress of promising new technologies
through the pipeline and to conduct the necessary evaluation studies. Priority should be given to tests that are suitable
for use at the lower levels of the health system. The Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) remains the
lead organization conducting field evaluations of different
2
n FIGURE 8.2
The phases of TB diagnostics development and assessment for WHO recommendation using the GRADE (Grading of
Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) process
PHASE 3
PHASE 2
Evaluation and
demonstration
WHO assessment
of the evidence
using GRADE
tables
PHASE 4
Phased uptake
and collection of
evidence for
scale-up
PHASE 5
PHASE 1
Scale-up and
policy refinement
Research and
development
8.2
Much progress has been made during the last ten years
in the treatment of TB. The body of knowledge about the
use of various drugs in combination regimens, as well their
potential interaction with ARVs and the optimum timing of
ART in the treatment of HIV-positive TB patients, has grown
substantially. However, TB treatment remains centred on the
standard 6 month regimen of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. Ensuring adherence to treatment
remains a challenge, and drug-resistant TB remains a major
threat to global TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment
(Chapter 4). This section provides an overview of the latest
status of the development of new TB drugs and new TB treatment regimens.
n FIGURE 8.3
Lead
optimization
Cyclopeptides
Diarylquinolines
DprE Inhibitors
InhA Inhibitor, Indazoles
LeuRS Inhibitors, Ureas
Macrolides, Azaindoles
Mycobacterial Gyrase
Inhibitors
Pyrazinamide Analogs
Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Spectinamides SPR-113
Translocase-1 Inhibitors
Preclinical development
Good
Laboratory
Practice
toxicity
Preclinical
development
TBI-166
CPZEN-45
SQ609
SQ641
DC-159a
Clinical development
PBTZ169
Q203
Phase I
TBA-354
Phase II
Sutezolid (PNU100480)
SQ109
Rifapentine for DS-TB
AZD5847
BedaquilinePretomanidPyrazinamide
Regimen
Phase III
Bedaquiline (TMC207) with OBRb for
MDR-TB
Delamanid (OPC67683) with OBRb
for MDR-TB
Rifapentine for LTBI
PretomanidMoxifloxacinPyrazinamide
Regimen
Details for projects listed can be found at http://www.newtbdrugs.org/pipeline.php and ongoing projects without a lead compound series identified
can be viewed at http://www.newtbdrugs.org/pipeline-discovery.php
b OBR = Optimized Background Regimen
Source: Working Group on New TB Drugs, 2015 www.newtbdrugs.org
(10
mg/kg) and rifampicin (10
mg/kg) when provided
along
side standard doses of isoniazid, ethambutol and
pyrazinamide. The outcome of interest is culture conversion
at two months in smear-positive pulmonary TB patients.2 A
further study (Study 29X), aimed at investigating the effect of
various dosages of rifapentine (10, 15 or 20 mg/kg, given seven
days a week with food supplements), showed that the substitution of high-dose daily rifapentine for rifampicin improved
the antimicrobial activity of combination chemotherapy during the intensive phase of treatment, and that this activity
was driven by rifapentine exposure.3 The observed safety and
tolerability combined with the high levels of antimicrobial
activity observed in the groups that received higher doses of
rifapentine provide support for the evaluation of high-dose
daily rifapentine-containing regimens of less than six months
duration in Phase III clinical trials.
Rifampicin
Assessment of whether higher doses of rifampicin could
reduce treatment duration for drug-susceptible TB has
continued. Results from the PanACEA MAMS-TB-01 trial
presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in March 2015 showed that daily dosing
with 35 mg/kg of rifampin (in addition to standard doses of
isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide) reduced the time
2
2
3
4
5
n FIGURE 8.4
Phase IIb
Phase II
Ad5 Ag85A
McMaster, CanSino
ID93 + GLA-SE
IDRI, Aeras
DAR-901
RUTI
TB / FLU-04L
RIBSP
H56: IC31
ChAdOx1.85A / MVA85A*
H4: IC31d
SSI, Aeras
dIvoire and found that IPT and ART provided together had a
higher efficacy in preventing TB disease than ART alone. The
study also found lower rates of severe illness when ART was
started immediately alongside 6 months of IPT, compared
with deferred ART and no IPT. This was true overall and
among patients with CD4 counts of 500 cells/mm3. Study
authors also highlighted that isoniazid can be prescribed
safely when given early in the course of HIV disease.
n
n
n
*
Viral Vector
Protein / Adjuvant
Mycobacterial Whole Cell or Extract
Experimental medicine tools / platforms
2
1
M. Vaccaec
H1 + IC31
Birmingham, Oxford
GSK, Aeras
Dartmouth, Aeras
M72 + AS01Eb
Phase III
A N N E X
Access to
the WHO global
TB database
A.1
Database contents
The 2015 global TB report is based on data collected annually from countries and territories, including 194 Member States.
These data are stored in the global TB database.
In 2015, data were collected on the following topics: TB case notifications and treatment outcomes, including breakdowns
by TB case type, age, sex and HIV status; laboratory diagnostic services; monitoring and evaluation, including surveillance
and surveys specifically related to drug-resistant TB; management of drug-resistant TB; collaborative TB/HIV activities; TB
infection control; engagement of all public and private care providers in TB control; community engagement; the budgets of
national TB control programmes (NTPs) in 2015; utilization of general health services (hospitalization and outpatient visits)
during treatment in 2015; and NTP expenditures in 2014. A shortened version of the online questionnaire was used for highincome countries (that is, countries with a gross national income per capita of US$12736 in 2014, as defined by the World
Bank)1 and/or low-incidence countries (defined as countries with an incidence rate of <20 cases per 100000 population or <10
cases in total).
Countries reported data using a dedicated website (https://extranet.who.int/tme), which was opened for reporting in midMarch. Countries in the European Union submitted notification and treatment outcomes data to the TESSy system managed
by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Data from TESSy were uploaded into the global TB database.
Additional data about the provision of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) to people living with HIV and antiretroviral therapy
(ART) for HIV-positive TB patients were collected by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the HIV
department in WHO. These data were jointly validated by UNAIDS and the WHOs Global TB Programme and HIV department,
and uploaded into the global TB database.
Following review and follow-up with countries, the data used for the main part of this report were those data available
on 6 August 2015. The number of countries and territories that had reported data by 6 August 2015 is shown in Table A1.1.
n TABLE A1.1
NUMBER
African Region
47
47
47
47
22
21
21
20
European Regiona
54
46
53
46
46
45
35
34
11
11
11
11
36
35
27
27
High-burden countries
22
22
22
22
216
205
194
185
World
a
NUMBER
Countries that did not report by the deadline were mostly low-incidence countries in Western Europe.
http://data.worldbank.org/about/country-classifications
n FIGURE A1.1
n FIGURE A1.2
A N N E X
Country
profiles
FOR
22 HIGH-BURDEN
COUNTRIES
14 (1018)
44 (3257)
0.087 (0.0720.1)
0.28 (0.230.33)
110 (56180)
340 (178555)
60 (5367)
189 (167212)
0.32 (0.250.4)
1 (0.81.3)
53 (4760)
100
75
50
25
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
17 (1123)
750 (540960)
360 (240490)
800
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
3.2 (2.34.1)
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
600
400
200
200
150
100
50
0
1990
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
Laboratories 2014
2.3
0.5
0
1
Yes, outside country
6
4
2
2003
30 507
1 115
38
0
(%) COHORT
10
Number of patients
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
60
40
20
0
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
15
6%
67%
27%
2009
80
1995
2007
2009
2011
2013
16
Total budget (US$ millions)
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
Incidence
12
8
4
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
81 (59110)
51 (3768)
0.18 (0.140.22)
0.11 (0.090.14)
640 (3401 000)
404 (211659)
360 (320410)
227 (200256)
0.57 (0.450.71)
0.36 (0.280.45)
53 (4760)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
29 (2434)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
1.4 (0.72.5)
500
250
1990
750
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
200
100
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
1 110 (<1)
45 (4)
45 (100)
45 (100)
726
0
80
Number of patients
40
20
0
(%) COHORT
(93)
(86)
(75)
(72)
(25)
184 077
6 327
68
505
4
Laboratories 2014
0.7
<0.1
<0.1
38
Yes, in and outside country
2003
2009
48
<1%
70%
30%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
60
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals. A joint reassessment of estimates of TB disease
burden will be undertaken following completion of the national TB prevalence survey.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
5.3 (4.95.7)
2.4 (1.83.2)
110 (51180)
90 (8695)
16 (1417)
82 (7886)
2.6 (2.42.7)
1.2 (0.871.6)
52 (2589)
44 (4246)
7.6 (6.98.4)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
7.5 (5.79.9)
41 120
17 801
9 479
73 970
7 542
81 512
3 602
1 488
480
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
150
100
50
0
200
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1.4 (11.8)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
100
75
50
25
0
15 344
702
702
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
10 000
Number of patients
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
(%) COHORT
(72)
(38)
(46)
(51)
(25)
76 543
6 945
9 460
825
24
Laboratories 2014
1.6
7.9
0.6
48
Yes, in country
2003
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
100
Total budget (US$ millions)
77
72%
<1%
27%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
8 000
80
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
8.9 (6.312)
0.82 (0.631)
100 (87120)
60 (5466)
1.8 (1.62)
72 (6680)
58 (4178)
5.3 (4.16.7)
668 (565780)
390 (353428)
12 (1013)
100
11 (422)
330 (160590)
200 (73400)
12 168
11 286
18 310
43 059
679
43 738
445
709
141
NEW
646 (5%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
1 329 (67%)
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1995
2500
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1.4 (0.72.5)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1990
600
400
200
0
1 975
110
110
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
6000
Number of patients
(93)
(90)
(79)
3000
2000
1000
2003
110
1.4
1.3
1.0
17
No
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
90
80
70
60
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
31
12%
47%
42%
2007
2009
2011
2013
40
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
35 536
1 701
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
4000
0
(%) COHORT
5000
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
38 (3740)
0.7 (0.530.9)
1 200 (1 1001 400)
930 (8601 000)
13 (1116)
88 (8295)
2.8 (2.72.9)
0.05 (0.040.07)
89 (78102)
68 (6373)
0.98 (0.791.2)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
26 (2230)
25 125
RETREATMENT TOTALb
150
100
50
1990
200
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
5.7 (4.57)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
150
100
50
0
62 874
5 807
2 846
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
423 254
6000
Number of patients
(95)
(90)
(82)
(42)
(13)
841 999
7 847
4 649
1 906
115
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2003
(%) COHORT
0.2
6.7
1.5
654
Yes, in country
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
400
Total budget (US$ millions)
340
90%
2%
8%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
5000
300
200
100
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
125
NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population)
52 (3868)
6.3 (57.7)
400 (210640)
240 (220270)
34 (2742)
48 (4352)
69 (5090)
8.4 (6.710)
532 (282859)
325 (295356)
45 (3656)
100
75
50
25
0
1990
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
11 (6.216)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.2 (0.34.1)
4 298
1 892
914
545 (<1%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
6 135 (75%)
250
1990
500
750
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
300
200
100
0
6 817
442
436
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
53 285
7 206
5 671
4 799
33 743
(46)
(14)
(79)
(67)
8000
Number of patients
4000
2000
0
(%) COHORT
(87)
(66)
(64)
2003
2.1
0.3
0.2
39
Yes, in and outside country
55
5%
50%
44%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
80
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
80
2007
100
Treatment success rate (%)
134
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
112 439
1 164
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
6000
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
32 (2243)
5.5 (4.46.8)
190 (160240)
200 (160240)
19 (1523)
60 (4973)
33 (2344)
5.7 (4.67)
200 (161243)
207 (168250)
19 (1524)
50
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
12 (5.621)
40 087
41 575
37 930
119 592
119 592
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
2 405 (6%)
7 682
400
200
0
600
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1.6 (0.862.8)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
500
400
300
200
100
0
10 151
503
557
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
12000
Number of patients
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
(%) COHORT
(89)
(83)
2003
43 86
3.1
0.4
0.4
28
Yes, in country
2007
2009
50
30
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
150
Total budget (US$ millions)
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
d ART and IPT data were missing for 3 of Ethiopias 11 regions, which in previous years had
accounted for about one third of the national totals. In the 8 regions that reported data,
65% of HIV-positive TB patients were on ART.
2013
on ART
70
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
82
11%
42%
47%
2011
on CPT
90
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
271
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
10000
100
50
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
220 (150350)
31 (2538)
2 500 (1 7003 500)
2 200 (2 0002 300)
110 (96120)
74 (7080)
17 (1227)
2.4 (22.9)
195 (131271)
167 (156179)
8.3 (7.49.3)
20
0
1990
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
15 (1119)
124 679
112 066
300
200
100
1990
400
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.2 (1.92.6)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
200
150
100
50
0
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(61)
(4)
(93)
(90)
50 000
Number of patients
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
(%) COHORT
Laboratories 2014
1.0
0.3
0.2
121
Yes, in country
2003
2009
261
46%
54%
0%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
300
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
40 000
200
100
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
100 (66150)
22 (1332)
1 600 (1 3002 000)
1 000 (7001 400)
63 (4190)
32 (2346)
41 (2659)
8.5 (5.213)
647 (513797)
399 (274546)
25 (1636)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
6 449
1 391
1
NEW
1 058 (<1%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
8 445 (88%)
1000
500
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
1.9 (1.42.5)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
600
400
200
9 503
1 812
1 284
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
3000
Number of patients
1000
0
(%) COHORT
(88)
(64)
(49)
(54)
(64)
325 582
1 521
2 438
432
11
Laboratories 2014
2.2
0.4
0.3
41
Yes, in country
2003
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b The prevalence rate of bacteriologically confirmed TB was 531 (421655) per 100 000
population; the prevalence rate of clinically diagnosed TB (i.e. smear-negative and culture negative TB, including all extra-pulmonary cases) was 116 (91143) per 100 000 population;
the prevalence rate of extra-pulmonary TB (a subset of those in the clinically diagnosed
category) was 58 (4375) per 100 000 population.
c Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
150
Total budget (US$ millions)
133
13%
21%
66%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
2000
100
50
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
9.4 (6.712)
8.1 (6.410)
120 (64190)
110 (110110)
40 (3842)
80 (7882)
21 (1528)
18 (1422)
266 (142427)
246 (240252)
89 (8493)
20
10
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.2 (0.34.1)
34 997
30 872
14 640
88 025
1 269
89 294
3 569
2 947
1 000
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
400
300
200
100
0
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
200
23 865
644
544
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(95)
(36)
(99)
(87)
60 000
Number of patients
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
(%) COHORT
(86)
(78)
(79)
(83)
81 255
8 445
31 755
197
0
Laboratories 2014
4.3
0.3
0.3
70
No
2003
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
45
26%
28%
45%
2007
2009
2011
2013
80
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
50 000
40 000
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
18 (1226)
37 (2945)
150 (80240)
150 (120180)
85 (65110)
39 (3149)
67 (4496)
134 (106165)
554 (295893)
551 (435680)
311 (237395)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
11 (025)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
3.5 (2.24.8)
24 430
23 455
6 276
1 542
2 070
57 773
497
58 270
NEW
886 (4%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
906 (22%)
500
0
1990
1000
3 716
544
482
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
600
400
200
0
1990
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(96)
(52)
(94)
(81)
(%) COHORT
(88)
(28)
(0)
23 072
15 000
10 000
5000
0
2005
2007
2009
HIV-positive TB patients
214
4
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
100
1.2
0.6
0.4
24
Yes, in country
25 000
20 000
2003
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
Incidence
30 000
Number of patients
80
60
40
20
0
29
6%
66%
28%
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
d Treatment outcomes were available for new pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed cases
only.
40
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
28 (2037)
4.1 (3.35.1)
240 (190310)
200 (180220)
19 (1524)
70 (6478)
53 (3870)
7.7 (6.19.5)
457 (352575)
369 (334406)
36 (2844)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
27 (1539)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
5 (3.16.8)
5 276
3 650
405
RETREATMENT TOTALb
500
0
1990
1000
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
400
300
200
100
0
26 240
3 495
1 537
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
56 133 (40)
6 412 (11)
4 666 (73)
5 749 (90)
54 178
2 997
6000
Number of patients
2000
0
(%) COHORT
(87)
(71)
(79)
2003
0.9
0.3
0.2
38
Yes, outside country
36
11%
67%
22%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
70
60
50
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
40
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
90
2007
100
Treatment success rate (%)
443
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
135 614
7 147
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
4000
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
170 (91280)
78 (53110)
590 (450740)
570 (340870)
100 (59160)
15 (1026)
97 (51156)
44 (3061)
330 (253417)
322 (189488)
59 (3392)
100
50
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
14 (1019)
49 825
29 460
4 764
86 464
4 890
91 354
2 415
200
100
0
300
400
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
2.9 (2.14)
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
500
400
300
200
100
0
24 225
798
423
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(92)
(19)
(91)
(75)
20 000
Number of patients
(86)
(83)
(80)
(62)
91 997
8 404
7 481
154
0
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
10 000
5000
0
2003
(%) COHORT
1.0
0.2
0.2
96
Yes, in country
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
240
Total budget (US$ millions)
228
13%
19%
68%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
15 000
160
80
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
48 (11110)
1.3 (0.761.9)
630 (530740)
500 (370650)
6.4 (4.48.7)
62 (4883)
26 (661)
0.68 (0.411)
341 (285402)
270 (201350)
3.4 (2.44.7)
120
90
60
30
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
3.7 (2.55)
7 420
426
221
NEW
361 (<1%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
11 685 (72%)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
400
200
300
200
100
0
20 143
3 243
2 662
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
100
Number of patients
40
20
2003
(%) COHORT
(93)
(80)
(81)
(71)
(32)
289 376
7 217
37
858
41
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
60
0.8
0.3
0.1
42
Yes, in country
2009
50
17%
60%
23%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
120
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
80
100
80
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
10 (911)
0.08 (0.0550.11)
410 (360470)
290 (250320)
2.5 (23.2)
85 (7697)
10 (9.111)
0.08 (0.060.11)
417 (367471)
288 (254324)
2.6 (23.2)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
21 (1629)
6 277
NEW
4 415 (5%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
20 196 (67%)
1000
500
0
1990
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
2 (1.42.7)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
400
200
27 287
3 000
2 680
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
80
Number of patients
20
2003
(%) COHORT
(90)
(86)
(43)
(10)
1 798
10
2.6
1.1
0.2
84
Yes, in country
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
160
Total budget (US$ millions)
106
23%
39%
37%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
216 250
2 924
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
40
60
120
80
40
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
25
NUMBER (thousands) RATE (per 100 000 population)
16 (1516)
1.1 (0.831.3)
160 (70270)
120 (110130)
5.5 (4.56.6)
85 (7794)
11 (1111)
0.73 (0.580.91)
109 (49192)
84 (7693)
3.8 (3.14.6)
20
15
10
5
0
1990
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
49 (4059)
7 982
6 753
652
200
100
0
150
300
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
19 (1425)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
100
50
45 175
15 585
21 904
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
8000
Number of patients
(68)
(39)
(40)
(26)
2000
2003
16 021
1 318
3.7
14.1
10.4
96
Yes, in country
2009
1 894
100%
<1%
0%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
2000
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a UN Population Division estimates are lower than the population registered by the Federal
State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation.
b Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
c Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e The reported number of TB patients with known HIV status is for new TB patients in the
civilian sector only. It was not possible to calculate the percentage of all TB patients with
known HIV status.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
83 301
6 934
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
4000
0
(%) COHORT
6000
1500
1000
500
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
24 (2226)
72 (5889)
380 (210590)
450 (400510)
270 (240310)
68 (6177)
44 (4148)
134 (107164)
696 (3901 088)
834 (737936)
509 (439584)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
7 430
2 693
566
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
1.8 (1.42.3)
1000
500
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
900
600
300
0
218 231
18 734
11 538
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(93)
(61)
(86)
(79)
250 000
Number of patients
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
(%) COHORT
(78)
(69)
(76)
(49)
(20)
321 087
18 292
191 189
8 084
607
Laboratories 2014
0.4
1.1
1.1
207
Yes, in country
2003
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
500
Total budget (US$ millions)
248
84%
8%
8%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
200 000
400
300
200
100
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
7.4 (3.912)
4.5 (2.37.4)
160 (110220)
120 (61190)
15 (7.824)
59 (36110)
11 (5.718)
6.6 (3.411)
236 (161326)
171 (90276)
22 (1236)
19 (1425)
34 394
21 115
10 244
67 722
3 896
71 618
1 969
0
0
4 370 (13%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
2 209 (38%)
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
300
200
100
0
400
2005
400
1990
2000
500
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
2 (1.42.8)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
300
200
100
0
9 580
506
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
10 000
Number of patients
6000
4000
2000
0
(%) COHORT
(81)
(66)
(67)
2003
32
52%
11%
37%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
90
70
60
50
40
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
50
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
80
2007
100
Treatment success rate (%)
1.3
3.9
1.5
14
Yes, in country
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
65 867
1 812
7 665
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
8000
40
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
4.5 (3.26.1)
6.4 (58.1)
60 (3395)
61 (5369)
28 (2432)
72 (6483)
12 (8.416)
17 (1321)
159 (87253)
161 (141183)
73 (6384)
12 (6.819)
530 (230830)
480 (270770)
26 079
11 854
4 180
44 187
1 984
46 171
1 499
468
107
NEW
1 958 (8%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
737 (18%)
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
600
400
200
0
1990
2000
800
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1.4 (0.62.2)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
800
600
400
200
0
3 569
255
213
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(95)
(45)
(98)
(81)
25 000
Number of patients
(75)
(67)
(73)
(80)
44 605
2 572
16 762
41
0
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
15 000
10 000
5000
0
2003
(%) COHORT
3.6
0.7
0.7
74
Yes, in country
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
40
Total budget (US$ millions)
24
10%
69%
21%
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
20 000
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
30 (1354)
28 (1543)
270 (110510)
170 (80290)
62 (29110)
36 (2177)
58 (26104)
53 (3084)
528 (215979)
327 (155561)
120 (56208)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
3.1 (0.97.9)
520 (230940)
80 (23200)
23 583
23 380
13 600
61 571
1 580
63 151
1 008
RETREATMENT TOTALb
882 (34%)
1000
500
1500
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1.1 (0.52)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
800
600
400
200
0
35 923
516
143
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(91)
(35)
(97)
(83)
25 000
Number of patients
15 000
10 000
5000
0
(%) COHORT
(91)
(79)
(72)
(73)
64 053
1 679
20 320
45
0
Laboratories 2014
1.8
0.4
<0.1
59
Yes, in country
2003
2009
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
90
80
70
60
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
67
2007
2009
2011
2013
80
100%
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
20 000
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
17 (1123)
1.9 (1.32.5)
180 (76330)
130 (110150)
7 (5.78.5)
77 (6594)
18 (1225)
2 (1.42.7)
198 (83362)
140 (116167)
7.6 (6.19.2)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
23 (1730)
7 114
NEW
2 756 (6%)
RETREATMENT TOTALb
8 511 (96%)
750
500
250
0
300
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
4 (2.55.4)
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1990
200
100
13 829
2 198
1 532
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
74 092 (73)
3 875 (5)
2 936 (76)
2 827 (73)
90 592
6000
Number of patients
2000
0
(%) COHORT
(89)
(71)
(71)
2003
1.1
1.2
0.1
30
Yes, in and outside country
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
Retreatment excluding relapse
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
80
Total budget (US$ millions)
66
10%
17%
72%
2009
80
2007
100
Treatment success rate (%)
4 453
713
0
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
102 196
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population)
Culture (per 5 million population)
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population)
Sites performing Xpert MTB/RIF
Is second-line drug susceptibility testing available?
4000
60
40
20
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
2.3 (1.43.4)
5.2 (3.27.8)
44 (2471)
42 (2958)
25 (1735)
70 (51100)
15 (9.522)
34 (2151)
292 (158465)
278 (193379)
167 (114229)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
11 (6.216)
410 (230590)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.2 (0.34.1)
11 224
13 151
3 909
29 653
2 363
32 016
1 369
RETREATMENT TOTALb
341 (3%)
237 (6%)
200
0
800
400
1990
600
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
600
400
200
0
7 585
412
381
1990
Incidence
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)
(89)
(68)
(94)
(86)
40 000
Number of patients
20 000
10 000
0
2003
(%) COHORT
(80)
(75)
35 278
234
Laboratories 2014
1.4
0.7
0.7
62
Yes, in and outside country
2009
28
7%
59%
34%
2011
on CPT
2013
on ART
80
60
40
20
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
New
Retreatment
RR-/MDR-TB
XDR-TB
2007
2009
2011
2013
HIV-positive
50
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
2007
100
2005
HIV-positive TB patients
30 000
40
30
20
10
0
2011
2012
Funded domestically
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
A N N E X
Regional
profiles
FOR
6 WHO REGIONS
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
450 (350560)
46 (3658)
310 (270350)
32 (2836)
3200 (28003600)
330 (288375)
2700 (24003000)
281 (250313)
870 (790950)
90 (8299)
48 (4354)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.1 (0.53.7)
40
20
1990
60
11 (6.716)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
200
100
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
200
100
0
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)e
79
39
89
77
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
2010
300
2005
Among 1054331 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by age, 90523
(8.6%) cases were aged < 15 years
Among 1056629 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by sex,
male:female ratio = 1.4
NEW
2000
400
1995
Incidence
500
400
300
200
100
0
2004
2006
2008
2010
HIV-positive TB patients
2012
on CPT
2014
on ART
79 1165070
70
70144
70 326597
53
10246
20
618
Laboratories 2014
Smear (per 100 000 population) 1
Culture (per 5 million population) 1
Drug susceptibility testing (per 5 million population) 1
100
Treatment success rate (%)
80
60
40
20
0
28 out of 44
15 out of 44
10 out of 44
1995
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
1500
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
1080
34
29
37
1999
1997
1000
500
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
17 (1618)
6 (57)
350 (270440)
280 (270290)
36 (3438)
77 (7581)
1.7 (1.61.8)
0.61 (0.530.69)
36 (2845)
28 (2729)
3.7 (3.53.9)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.4 (1.33.5)
11 (6.516)
4000 (22005900)
3000 (17004200)
1990
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
100
75
50
25
0
Among 208839 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by age, 10489
(5.0%) cases were aged < 15 years
Among 210774 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by sex, male:female
ratio = 1.7
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
1995
NEW
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)e
169141
21913
5719
7209
56856
28556
74
13
52
63
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
25
20
15
10
5
0
2004
(%) COHORT
75
48
53
57
30
200726
14753
19816
2866
67
19 out of 23
20 out of 23
6 out of 23
2012
on CPT
2014
on ART
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
285
71
7.3
22
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
400
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
2010
80
2008
100
Treatment success rate (%)
2006
HIV-positive TB patients
Laboratories 2014
Incidence
300
200
100
0
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
88 (43150)
14 (6.823)
3 (34)
0.51 (0.410.62)
1000 (8801200)
160 (139183)
740 (610890)
117 (96140)
12 (1015)
1.9 (1.62.3)
61 (5175)
30
20
10
1990
NEW RETREATMENT
3.2 (2.34.1)
18 (1225)
11000 (770014000)
4700 (30006400)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
40
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
50
0
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)e
15
2.4
67
63
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
2010
100
2005
Among 441071 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by age, 42028
(9.5%) cases were aged < 15 years
Among 449016 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by sex, male:female
ratio = 1.0
NEW
2000
200
1995
Incidence
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2004
2006
2008
2010
HIV-positive TB patients
2012
on CPT
2014
on ART
91
76
60
65
33
Laboratories 2014
431622
11281
681
1271
43
100
Treatment success rate (%)
3 out of 15
9 out of 15
4 out of 15
80
60
40
20
0
1995
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
183
46
43
11
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
1997
200
100
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
33 (3334)
3 (34)
440 (330560)
340 (320350)
20 (1821)
79 (7583)
3.7 (3.63.8)
0.35 (0.30.4)
48 (3661)
37 (3539)
2.2 (22.4)
NEW RETREATMENT
15 (1019)
6
4
2
1990
48 (4353)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
20
0
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)e
62
8.2
53
58
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
2010
50
2005
Among 260844 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by age, 9898
(3.8%) cases were aged < 15 years
Among 261563 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by sex, male:female
ratio = 2.0
NEW
2000
100
1995
Incidence
20
15
10
5
0
2004
2006
2008
2010
HIV-positive TB patients
2012
on CPT
2014
on ART
75
58
47
49
26
Laboratories 2014
240741
30125
9504
37638
1563
100
Treatment success rate (%)
80
60
40
20
0
10 out of 53
44 out of 53
39 out of 53
1995
2513
93
4.1
2.5
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
3000
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
1999
1997
2000
1000
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
460 (350570)
24 (1930)
62 (5174)
3.3 (2.73.9)
5400 (44006500)
286 (233343)
4000 (37004400)
211 (192232)
210 (180240)
11 (9.412)
62 (5668)
NEW RETREATMENT
2.2 (1.92.6)
16 (1417)
20
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
600
400
200
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
200
100
40
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
NEW
1990
RETREATMENT TOTALb
TB/HIV 2014
NUMBER (%)e
45
5.1
85
85
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
88 2100508
67
196439
74
54235
49
11566
37
108
2010
9 out of 11
3 out of 11
2 out of 11
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
2014
on ART
60
40
20
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
600
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
559
33
45
22
2012
on CPT
80
2008
100
Treatment success rate (%)
Laboratories 2014
2006
HIV-positive TB patients
Incidence
400
200
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
88 (8195)
4.8 (4.45.1)
5 (46)
0.27 (0.230.31)
2100 (19002400)
116 (104128)
1600 (15001600)
85 (8089)
31 (2835)
1.7 (1.51.9)
85 (8190)
25
Mortality (excludes HIV+TB)
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
10
5
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
1995
2000
2005
2010
300
NEW RETREATMENT
4.4 (2.56.3)
22 (1825)
Prevalence
(rate per 100 000 poulation)
15
20
200
100
Incidence
(rate per 100 000 poulation
per year)
0
Pulmonary, bacteriologically confirmed 449845
44354
1990
Pulmonary, clinically diagnosed
734179
3037
Extrapulmonary
103085 1316
Total new and relapse
1335816
150
Previously treated, excluding relapses 39756
Total cases notified
1375572
100
Among 1100525 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by age, 37273
(3.4%) cases were aged < 15 years
Among 1112985 reported new and relapsec cases disaggregated by sex,
male:female ratio = 2.1
50
0
1990
NEW
RETREATMENT TOTALb
16
TB/HIV 2014
12
NUMBER (%)e
40
2.3
59
68
Number of TB patients
(thousands)
Incidence
8
4
0
2004
2006
2008
2010
HIV-positive TB patients
2012
on CPT
2014
on ART
92 1298402
81
18523
73
10756
51
6176
29
286
Laboratories 2014
100
Treatment success rate (%)
13 out of 16
10 out of 16
5 out of 16
80
60
40
20
0
1995
Total budget
(US$ millions constant 2015)
603
63
16
22
Data are as reported to WHO. Estimates of TB and MDR-TB burden are produced by WHO in
consultation with countries.
a Ranges represent uncertainty intervals.
b Includes cases with unknown previous TB treatment history.
c Some countries reported on new cases only.
d Includes patients diagnosed before 2014 and patients who were not laboratory-confirmed
as having RR-/MDR-TB.
e Calculations exclude countries with missing numerators or denominators.
f Data are not collected from all Member States.
g Financing indicators exclude funding for general healthcare services provided outside NTPs.
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
1997
600
400
200
0
2010
2011
Funded domestically
2012
2013
2014
Funded internationally
2015
Unfunded
A N N E X
Key TB
indicators
FOR
INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES
AND TERRITORIES,
WHO REGIONS AND
THE WORLD
Contents
Table A4.1
TB incidence estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
158
Table A4.2
162
Table A4.3
166
Table A4.4
170
Table A4.5
Treatment outcomes by TB case type, 2013, and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
177
Table A4.6
181
Table A4.7
Drug susceptibility testing for TB cases, estimated MDR-TB among notified TB cases, RR-/MDR-TB
cases detected, and enrolments on MDR-TB treatment, 2014
185
Table A4.8
HIV testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT
for people newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
189
Data source
Data shown in this file were taken from the WHO global TB
database on 7 October 2015. Data shown in the main part of
the report were taken from the database on 6 August 2015.
As a result, data in this annex may differ slightly from those
in the main part of the report.
Downloadable data
This annex is provided as a reference for looking up figures as
and when needed. It is not suitable for conducting analyses
or producing graphs and tables. Instead, download data for
all countries and all years as comma-separated value (CSV)
files from the WHO global TB database at www.who.int/tb/
data/. See Annex 1 for more details.
Country notes
Bangladesh
A joint reassessment of estimates of TB disease burden will
be undertaken following completion of the national TB prevalence survey which was launched in March 2015.
Caribbean Islands
Data collection from Caribbean Islands that are not Member
States of WHO was resumed in 2011 after a break of a few
Denmark
Data for Denmark exclude Greenland.
France
Data from France include data from 5 overseas departments
(French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte and
Runion) and exclude French territories of the Pacific.
Russian Federation
UN Population Division estimates are lower than the population registered by the Federal State Statistics Service of the
Russian Federation. The reported number of TB patients
with known HIV status (Table A4.8) is for new TB patients
in the civilian sector only. It was not possible to calculate the
percentage of all TB patients with known HIV status.
TABLE A4.1
Table
A4.1 estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
TB
incidence
TB incidence estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
Incidence (including HIV)
Population
(millions)
Afghanistan
32
Number
(thousands)
60 (5367)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
0.32 (0.250.40)
19 (1622)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
78 (6494)
0.2 (0.150.26)
0 (0<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
Algeria
39
American Samoa
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Andorra
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Angola
24
Anguilla
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
23 (1927)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
7.6 (6.68.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Argentina
43
10 (9.112)
24 (2127)
0.74 (0.580.92)
Armenia
1.4 (1.21.5)
45 (4050)
0.08 (0.0710.090)
6.4 (5.67.2)
<1
Australia
24
Austria
31 (2537)
90 (58130)
0.011 (<0.010.013)
1.5 (1.31.7)
0.66 (0.5800.750)
7 (5.68.6)
1 (0.801.3)
408
14
75 (6588)
22 517
58
74 (6290)
89 (79100)
9.2 (8.110)
8.2
53 552
221
60 (4292)
6.9
31 (2637)
2.5 (1.83.3)
3.3
44 (3950)
1.7 (1.32.1)
9 195
21
89 (78100)
2.7 (2.43.0)
1 329
44
98 (88110)
1.9
18 (1620)
0.026 (0.0230.030)
0.11 (0.100.13)
1 330
5.6
88 (78100)
7.8 (6.88.8)
0.022 (0.0170.028)
0.26 (0.200.33)
564
6.6
85 (7597)
77 (6886)
0.13 (0.110.15)
1.4 (1.21.6)
5 788
60
78 (7089)
50
13
110 (98130)
191 166
120
53 (4760)
1.8
190 (170220)
70 (6081)
370 (240529)
23 (1434)
95 (58141)
11 (9.612)
0.045 (0.0400.051)
12 (1013)
0.014 (0.0120.016)
3.7 (3.24.2)
0.2 (0.1700.220)
14 (1316)
<0.01 (<0.010.011)
0.68 (0.570.80)
227 (200256)
0.57 (0.450.71)
0.36 (0.280.45)
0.91 (0.801.0)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.91 (0.801.0)
360 (320410)
Belarus
10
Belgium
11
1 (0.8801.1)
Belize
<1
0.13 (0.1200.140)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
5.5 (4.76.4)
6.5 (5.37.9)
Percent
0.12 (<0.10.15)
1
<1
Rate
0.52 (0.390.67)
<1
159
Number
53 (4760)
Bahamas
Barbados
Case
detection
100
10
Bangladesh
Notified cases
31 746
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
7.4 (6.58.3)
Ratea
189 (167212)
Albania
Aruba
0.54 (0.4600.630)
Incidence (HIV-positive)
58 (5067)
0.31 (0.260.37)
3.3 (2.83.8)
3 858
41
9 (7.810)
0.072 (0.0610.085)
0.65 (0.540.76)
886
7.9
88 (78100)
37 (3441)
0.024 (0.0200.029)
6.9 (5.78.2)
72
20
55 (5060)
61 (5074)
1 (0.821.3)
9.7 (7.712)
3 886
37
60 (4973)
Benin
11
Bermuda
<1
Bhutan
<1
1.3 (1.11.4)
164 (148181)
0.091 (0.0720.11)
12 (9.415)
1 066
139
85 (7794)
11
13 (1114)
120 (106135)
0.51 (0.400.63)
4.8 (3.86.0)
8 079
76
64 (5772)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.10.10)
1 196
31
75 (57100)
1.6 (1.22.1)
42 (3155)
Botswana
8.5 (8.09.1)
385 (361410)
4.5 (4.15.0)
204 (183227)
6 019
271
70 (6675)
44 (4246)
16 (1417)
7.6 (6.98.4)
73 970
36
82 (7886)
0
47
Brazil
206
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.7 (1.51.9)
Brunei Darussalam
<1
0.26 (0.2300.290)
62 (5470)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
198
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
90 (8695)
1.9 (1.82.1)
27 (2429)
18
9.4 (8.510)
54 (4859)
14 (1315)
126 (116136)
0
77 (6888)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
1 825
25
95 (87100)
1.2 (1.01.3)
6.6 (5.77.4)
5 546
32
59 (5365)
1.9 (1.62.1)
17 (1520)
7 226
67
53 (4958)
13 (1115)
274
53
39 (3444)
Burundi
11
Cabo Verde
<1
Cambodia
15
60 (5466)
390 (353428)
1.8 (1.62.0)
12 (1013)
43 059
281
72 (6680)
Cameroon
23
50 (4456)
220 (195247)
20 (1723)
88 (75103)
26 038
114
52 (4659)
1.9 (1.62.1)
5.2 (4.65.9)
Canada
36
Cayman Islands
<1
0.71 (0.6300.800)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
138 (122156)
7 (6.17.9)
18 (1620)
375 (333420)
0.066 (0.0550.078)
0.1 (0.0790.13)
0.29 (0.220.36)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.28 (<0.10.62)
7.6 (5.99.4)
157 (124195)
10 186
212
57 (5064)
44 (3555)
11 973
88
55 (4962)
2 383
13
85 (7597)
819 283
60
88 (8295)
Chad
14
22 (1924)
159 (141179)
6 (4.77.4)
Chile
18
2.8 (2.43.2)
16 (1418)
0.13 (0.100.16)
68 (6373)
5.4 (4.76.1)
74 (6584)
0.032 (0.0280.037)
0.45 (0.380.52)
4 759
66
89 (79100)
82 (7293)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.3 (1.21.5)
394
68
83 (7394)
7.1 (6.18.2)
11 875
25
76 (6886)
148
19
56 (4768)
10 017
222
58 (5266)
9.7
79 (7090)
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Macao SAR
1 369
7
<1
Colombia
48
Comoros
<1
Congo
Cook Islands
0.48 (0.4200.540)
16 (1417)
0.27 (0.2200.320)
17 (1519)
13 (1116)
33 (2937)
3.4 (2.93.9)
35 (2841)
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
381 (335430)
5.5 (4.36.9)
0.73 (0.570.91)
0.98 (0.791.2)
1.1 (0.881.3)
122 (96152)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
12 (1114)
Costa Rica
0.53 (0.4700.600)
11 (9.813)
0.054 (0.0470.061)
1.1 (0.991.3)
463
9.7
87 (7799)
Croatia
0.53 (0.4600.590)
12 (1114)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.10.12)
496
12
94 (83110)
729
6.4
68 (6079)
3.2
87 (7799)
Cuba
11
1.1 (0.9201.2)
9.4 (8.111)
0.11 (0.0930.13)
0.97 (0.821.1)
Curaao
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.7 (3.24.2)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.7 (2.94.6)
0.061 (0.0540.069)
5.3 (4.66.0)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
39
3.4
64 (5673)
11
0.49 (0.4300.550)
4.6 (4.15.2)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
474
4.5
97 (86110)
64 (5970)
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Cte d'Ivoire
22
36 (3340)
165 (150179)
8.5 (7.59.6)
25
110 (100120)
442 (412473)
0.31 (0.250.38)
75
240 (220270)
325 (295356)
Denmark
34 (2742)
0.4 (0.3500.450)
7.1 (6.28.0)
0.012 (<0.010.015)
5.4 (4.86.1)
619 (547696)
0.54 (0.440.65)
23 275
105
1.2 (0.991.5)
39 (3443)
103 045
412
93 (87100)
45 (3656)
115 795
155
48 (4352)
73 (6584)
0.22 (0.170.27)
293
5.2
2 220
253
41 (3646)
1.4
190 (170220)
16 (1419)
4 405
42
71 (6380)
7.2 (5.29.6)
5 157
32
60 (4682)
7 177
54 (4960)
Djibouti
<1
Dominica
<1
Dominican Republic
10
6.2 (5.57.0)
60 (5368)
1.7 (1.41.9)
Ecuador
16
8.6 (6.311)
54 (3971)
1.1 (0.821.5)
Egypt
90
13 (1215)
15 (1316)
0.035 (0.0280.044)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
62 (5174)
0.71 (0.620.80)
New cases, relapse cases and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
TABLE A4.1
Table
A4.1 estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
TB
incidence
TB incidence estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
Incidence (including HIV)
Population
(millions)
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Number
(thousands)
Incidence (HIV-positive)
Ratea
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
Notified cases
Case
detection
Number
Rate
Percent
2.5 (2.32.7)
41 (3845)
0.24 (0.220.26)
3.9 (3.64.3)
2 206
36
<1
1.3 (1.21.5)
162 (142184)
0.67 (0.520.84)
82 (64102)
1 166
142
88 (77100)
4 (2.95.2)
78 (57103)
0.25 (0.180.34)
4.9 (3.56.6)
2 391
47
60 (4682)
20 (1823)
0.024 (0.0210.027)
1.8 (1.62.1)
88 (78100)
Estonia
Ethiopia
97
0.27 (0.2400.300)
200 (160240)
Fiji
<1
0.59 (0.4800.720)
67 (5581)
0.027 (0.0220.034)
Finland
0.31 (0.2700.350)
5.6 (4.96.4)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
France
64
8.7 (8.29.3)
0.34 (0.280.42)
French Polynesia
<1
5.6 (5.36.0)
0.061 (0.0540.069)
207 (168250)
19 (1523)
87 (8095)
236
18
119 592
123
60 (4973)
378
43
64 (5378)
0.1 (<0.10.13)
252
4.6
82 (7293)
0.53 (0.430.65)
4 535
7.1
81 (7686)
56
20
91 (81100)
19 (1524)
3.1 (2.53.8)
22 (1925)
Gabon
7.5 (6.68.4)
444 (393497)
0.53 (0.460.61)
32 (2736)
5 608
332
75 (6784)
Gambia
3.4 (2.84.0)
174 (145206)
0.78 (0.640.93)
40 (3348)
2 552
132
76 (6491)
Georgia
4.3 (4.04.6)
106 (99114)
0.16 (0.130.19)
3.9 (3.24.8)
3 200
79
75 (7080)
Germany
81
5 (4.35.6)
6.2 (5.47.0)
0.12 (0.0950.15)
0.15 (0.120.19)
4 328
5.4
87 (77100)
Ghana
27
14 668
55
33 (1969)
484
4.4
92 (81100)
44 (2175)
165 (80281)
Greece
11
0.53 (0.4600.600)
4.8 (4.25.4)
Greenland
<1
0.11 (0.0970.130)
197 (173223)
11 (5.219)
42 (2072)
0.016 (0.0120.019)
0.14 (0.110.18)
Grenada
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.3 (1.01.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.11 (<0.10.14)
Guam
<1
0.067 (0.0590.076)
40 (3545)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
56
33
83 (7495)
Guatemala
16
9.2 (8.110)
57 (5164)
0.84 (0.701.0)
5.3 (4.36.3)
3 163
20
34 (3139)
Guinea
12
22 (1924)
177 (156199)
4.7 (3.95.5)
38 (3245)
11 734
96
54 (4861)
6.6 (4.78.9)
369 (261495)
2.9 (2.04.0)
162 (110224)
2 282
127
34 (2649)
69 (6278)
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
<1
103 (91116)
0.17 (0.140.20)
22 (1926)
545
71
Haiti
11
21 (1924)
200 (177225)
3.7 (3.24.3)
35 (3141)
15 806
150
75 (6685)
3.4 (3.03.9)
43 (3848)
0.34 (0.300.39)
4.3 (3.84.9)
2 820
35
82 (7393)
12 (1114)
0.011 (<0.010.014)
0.11 (<0.10.14)
3.3 (2.93.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Honduras
Hungary
10
Iceland
<1
India
1.2 (1.01.3)
0.011 (<0.010.012)
0 (00)
799
8.1
67 (5977)
2.4
74 (6584)
167 (156179)
110 (96120)
8.3 (7.49.3)
254
399 (274546)
63 (4190)
25 (1636)
78
17 (1420)
22 (1826)
0.4 (0.300.52)
0.51 (0.380.66)
10 191
13
60 (5074)
Iraq
35
15 (1317)
43 (3849)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
8 268
23
54 (4862)
Indonesia
1 295
0.79 (0.7000.890)
1 609 547
124
74 (7080)
322 806
127
32 (2346)
Ireland
0.35 (0.3000.390)
7.4 (6.58.4)
0.015 (0.0110.018)
0.31 (0.240.39)
297
6.4
85 (7597)
Israel
0.46 (0.4000.520)
5.8 (5.16.6)
0.032 (0.0280.037)
0.41 (0.360.46)
368
4.6
80 (7191)
0.24 (0.190.30)
0.4 (0.310.50)
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
60
3
127
7
3.6 (3.14.1)
0.13 (0.1100.160)
23 (2026)
0.41 (0.3600.460)
6 (5.26.8)
4.7 (3.85.7)
0.029 (0.0230.036)
1.1 (0.841.3)
18 (1621)
0.099 (0.0830.12)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
86
3.1
66 (5581)
19 615
15
5.5 (4.96.2)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
84 (7596)
<0.1 (0<0.1)
385
5.2
0.59 (0.380.84)
94 (84110)
3.4 (2.24.8)
15 244
88
89 (62140)
89 (8493)
88 025
196
80 (7882)
414
375
75 (6392)
92 (81100)
Kazakhstan
17
17 (1125)
99 (64141)
Kenya
45
110 (110110)
246 (240252)
Kiribati
<1
0.55 (0.4500.660)
497 (406597)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.7 (1.32.1)
Kuwait
0.8 (0.7000.910)
21 (1924)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.14 (0.110.17)
734
20
Kyrgyzstan
8.3 (7.39.3)
142 (126160)
0.18 (0.160.20)
3.1 (2.73.5)
6 390
109
77 (6887)
13 (9.516)
189 (141244)
0.5 (0.340.68)
7.4 (5.110)
4 264
64
34 (2645)
Latvia
0.98 (0.9101.0)
49 (4653)
0.21 (0.190.24)
11 (9.412)
738
37
76 (7181)
Lebanon
0.92 (0.8001.1)
16 (1419)
0.11 (0.0960.13)
2 (1.72.2)
673
12
73 (6484)
Lesotho
18 (1324)
12 (8.516)
578 (405781)
8 840
419
49 (3769)
Liberia
14 (1215)
308 (273346)
2.1 (1.72.7)
49 (3861)
2 702
61
20 (1823)
Libya
2.5 (2.13.0)
40 (3348)
0.1 (0.0800.12)
1.6 (1.32.0)
1 153
18
46 (3956)
Lithuania
1.8 (1.72.0)
62 (5768)
0.057 (0.0500.064)
2 (1.72.2)
1 481
51
82 (7589)
6.6 (5.87.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.49 (0.380.61)
24
4.3
65 (5875)
Luxembourg
<1
Madagascar
24
55 (4962)
235 (207264)
2.2 (1.72.8)
9.5 (7.412)
28 466
121
51 (4658)
Malawi
17
38 (2061)
227 (122365)
19 (1031)
115 (60186)
16 267
97
43 (2780)
31 (2537)
103 (83124)
7.3 (5.98.8)
24 054
80
78 (6596)
131
37
89 (78100)
59 (5761)
Malaysia
30
Maldives
<1
0.037 (0.0320.041)
40 (3842)
0.15 (0.1300.170)
2.2 (1.82.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.10.11)
Mali
17
58 (5659)
0.71 (0.640.78)
4.1 (3.84.5)
5 809
34
Malta
<1
0.052 (0.0450.058)
12 (1114)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.52 (0.370.69)
45
11
87 (77100)
Marshall Islands
<1
0.18 (0.1400.210)
335 (274402)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.68 (0.500.88)
142
268
80 (6798)
55 (4177)
Mauritania
Mauritius
9.8 (9.510)
41 (3647)
4.4 (3.25.9)
0.28 (0.2400.310)
0.41 (0.270.57)
10 (6.814)
2 420
61
22 (1924)
0.042 (0.0360.048)
3.3 (2.83.8)
126
9.9
46 (4152)
1.7 (1.51.9)
21 196
17
81 (7291)
188
181
92 (52210)
Mexico
125
<1
0.2 (0.0900.360)
195 (87347)
Monaco
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.2 (1.92.5)
5 (4.35.6)
170 (149193)
0.011 (<0.010.012)
0.37 (0.310.42)
4 483
154
90 (80100)
21 (1824)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
113
18
87 (7799)
Mongolia
Montenegro
<1
Montserrat
<1
26 (2329)
111 (79148)
0.13 (0.1100.150)
0
21 (1923)
2.1 (1.92.4)
New cases, relapse cases and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
TABLE A4.1
Table
A4.1 estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
TB
incidence
TB incidence estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
Incidence (including HIV)
Population
(millions)
Number
(thousands)
Incidence (HIV-positive)
Ratea
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
Notified cases
Case
detection
Number
Rate
Percent
Morocco
34
36 (3339)
106 (97115)
0.77 (0.610.94)
2.3 (1.82.8)
29 843
88
83 (7791)
Mozambique
27
150 (120180)
551 (435680)
85 (65110)
311 (237395)
57 773
212
39 (3149)
Myanmar
53
200 (180220)
369 (334406)
19 (1524)
36 (2844)
138 352
259
70 (6478)
Namibia
13 (1215)
561 (492635)
5.6 (4.86.5)
232 (198269)
8 972
373
67 (5976)
79
110 (95120)
Nauru
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Nepal
28
Netherlands
17
0.97 (0.8501.1)
New Caledonia
44 (3950)
73 (6483)
158 (139178)
5.8 (5.16.5)
35 277
125
79 (7190)
0.052 (0.0430.061)
1.5 (1.21.9)
0.31 (0.260.36)
5.4 (4.26.7)
814
4.8
84 (7495)
29
11
76 (6786)
297
6.6
89 (79100)
<1
0.038 (0.0340.043)
15 (1317)
New Zealand
0.33 (0.2900.380)
7.4 (6.58.4)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
Nicaragua
58 (5363)
0.14 (0.110.17)
2.3 (1.82.8)
2 632
44
76 (7082)
Niger
3.5 (3.23.8)
19
19 (1721)
98 (87110)
1.5 (1.31.8)
7.9 (6.69.3)
10 851
57
58 (5165)
Nigeria
177
570 (340870)
322 (189488)
100 (59160)
59 (3392)
86 464
49
15 (1026)
Niue
<1
<1
0.033 (0.0290.038)
61 (5369)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.21 (0.160.26)
26
48
78 (6989)
0.42 (0.3700.470)
8.1 (7.19.2)
0.012 (<0.010.014)
0.23 (0.180.28)
303
5.9
73 (6483)
0.41 (0.3600.460)
9.6 (8.411)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.11 (<0.10.12)
88 (78100)
500 (370650)
270 (201350)
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
185
Palau
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
6.4 (4.48.7)
3.4 (2.44.7)
42 (3647)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
358
8.5
308 417
167
62 (4883)
14
66
160 (140180)
81 (68100)
Panama
1.8 (1.52.2)
46 (3856)
0.18 (0.140.21)
4.6 (3.75.5)
1 457
38
31 (2341)
417 (304547)
3.5 (2.44.8)
47 (3264)
26 170
351
84 (64120)
Paraguay
2.8 (2.73.0)
43 (4145)
0.29 (0.270.32)
4.5 (4.14.9)
2 246
34
80 (7684)
81 (6799)
Peru
31
37 (3045)
120 (98145)
2.5 (2.03.1)
8.1 (6.59.9)
30 008
97
Philippines
99
290 (250320)
288 (254324)
2.5 (2.03.2)
2.6 (2.03.2)
243 379
245
85 (7697)
Poland
39
8 (7.09.0)
21 (1823)
0.27 (0.210.34)
6 539
17
82 (7394)
Portugal
10
3.5 (3.04.1)
2 169
21
84 (7496)
44
1.2
86 (7699)
74 (6584)
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Romania
2.6 (2.32.9)
0.051 (0.0450.058)
0.63 (0.5500.720)
0.1 (0.0810.13)
25 (2228)
0.37 (0.310.43)
1.4 (1.21.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.2 (0.170.23)
29 (2633)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
465
21
50
43 (4146)
86 (8191)
0.19 (0.150.23)
0.37 (0.300.45)
40 190
80
93 (8899)
6.2 (5.57.0)
153 (135172)
0.5 (0.430.58)
4 058
100
65 (5874)
94 (83110)
12 (1114)
20
16 (1418)
81 (7191)
0.51 (0.440.59)
2.6 (2.23.0)
14 861
76
143
120 (110130)
84 (7693)
5.5 (4.56.6)
3.8 (3.14.6)
102 340
71
85 (7794)
Rwanda
11
7.1 (6.18.2)
63 (5472)
1.8 (1.52.1)
16 (1418)
5 761
51
81 (7194)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
7.2 (6.38.1)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
13
180 (160200)
Saint Lucia
<1
0.017 (0.0150.019)
9.1 (8.010)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.4 (1.21.6)
3.3
36 (3241)
<1
0.026 (0.0220.031)
24 (2029)
<0.01 (<0.010.011)
8.4 (6.710)
4.6
19 (1623)
Samoa
<1
0.037 (0.0300.045)
19 (1623)
23
12
62 (5177)
San Marino
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.6 (1.41.8)
<1
0.18 (0.1600.200)
97 (85109)
0.038 (0.0330.042)
158
85
87 (7899)
Saudi Arabia
31
3.9 (3.44.4)
12 (1114)
0.13 (0.110.16)
0.43 (0.360.50)
3 248
11
84 (7596)
Senegal
15
20 (1823)
138 (122154)
1.5 (1.31.8)
10 (8.912)
13 332
91
66 (5975)
2.1 (1.82.4)
24 (2127)
0.017 (0.0130.021)
0.19 (0.150.24)
1 818
20
87 (7799)
26 (2329)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.76 (0.590.95)
13
14
52 (4660)
37 (2847)
12 477
198
64 (5084)
1.4 (1.21.6)
2 171
39
80 (7192)
Russian Federation
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
9
<1
0.025 (0.0220.028)
20 (1525)
310 (235394)
2.7 (2.43.1)
49 (4356)
<1
0 (00)
2.3 (1.73.0)
0.075 (0.0650.086)
20 (1823)
Slovakia
0.36 (0.3200.410)
6.7 (5.97.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
320
5.9
Slovenia
0.16 (0.1400.180)
7.7 (6.78.7)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
142
6.9
89 (79100)
Solomon Islands
<1
0.49 (0.4100.590)
86 (71102)
345
60
70 (5985)
Somalia
11
29 (2532)
274 (242308)
2.2 (1.72.7)
21 (1626)
12 903
123
45 (4051)
South Africa
54
450 (400510)
834 (737936)
270 (240310)
509 (439584)
306 166
567
68 (6177)
South Sudan
12
17 (1421)
146 (121173)
2.9 (2.33.6)
25 (2030)
8 335
70
48 (4058)
Spain
46
5.5 (4.86.2)
12 (1013)
0.31 (0.270.37)
0.68 (0.580.79)
4 818
10
88 (77100)
Sri Lanka
21
13 (1215)
65 (5773)
0.053 (0.0410.066)
0.26 (0.200.32)
9 305
45
69 (6279)
Sudan
39
37 (2058)
94 (52148)
1.2 (0.652.0)
3.2 (1.75.1)
19 266
49
52 (3395)
Suriname
<1
38 (3146)
0.064 (0.0520.077)
73 (6189)
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
0.2 (0.1700.250)
9.3 (6.812)
733 (533963)
5.9 (4.27.9)
28
440
60 (4683)
635
6.5
88 (77100)
0.72 (0.6300.820)
7.5 (6.58.4)
0.52 (0.4500.590)
6.3 (5.57.1)
0.037 (0.0290.047)
0.46 (0.360.57)
423
5.2
82 (7293)
17 (1420)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
3 481
19
110 (94130)
3.1 (2.63.7)
0.24 (0.190.30)
149
5 583
10
19
0.024 (0.0180.030)
12 (9.614)
464 (330619)
88 (78100)
Tajikistan
7.6 (6.78.5)
91 (80103)
0.23 (0.200.27)
2.8 (2.43.2)
5 807
70
77 (6887)
Thailand
68
120 (61190)
171 (90276)
15 (7.824)
22 (1236)
67 722
100
59 (36110)
284
14
90 (79100)
3 657
316
63 (5377)
Timor-Leste
a
ba
b
0.32 (0.2800.360)
5.8 (4.86.9)
15 (1317)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
498 (411594)
0.057 (0.0420.073)
4.9 (3.76.3)
New cases,
relapse
cases
and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
Rates
are per
100 000
population
New cases, relapse cases and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
TABLE A4.1
Table
A4.1 estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
TB
incidence
TB incidence estimates, notification and case detection rates, all forms of TB case, 2014
Incidence (including HIV)
Population
(millions)
Togo
Ratea
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
58 (4770)
0.83 (0.671.0)
12 (9.414)
Number
(thousands)
4.1 (3.45.0)
Tokelau
<1
Tonga
<1
0.015 (0.0120.018)
14 (1117)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.29 (0.2600.330)
22 (1924)
0.071 (0.0620.081)
Incidence (HIV-positive)
Notified cases
Case
detection
Number
Rate
Percent
2 525
35
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
13
12
88 (73110)
5.3 (4.66.0)
251
19
86 (7698)
61 (5175)
Tunisia
11
3.7 (3.44.0)
33 (3136)
0.023 (0.0180.028)
0.2 (0.160.25)
3 134
28
84 (7792)
Turkey
78
14 (1216)
18 (1621)
0.045 (0.0350.057)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
13 108
17
93 (82110)
3.4 (2.74.1)
64 (5278)
2 570
48
76 (6294)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
5 (4.06.1)
30 (2634)
15
152
80 (6698)
Turkmenistan
<1
Tuvalu
US Virgin Islands
Uganda
38
61 (5369)
161 (141183)
28 (2432)
73 (6384)
44 187
117
72 (6483)
Ukraine
45
43 (3848)
94 (83106)
8.1 (7.09.3)
18 (1621)
31 701
70
75 (6684)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
10 (8.811)
<1
0.019 (0.0150.023)
190 (154228)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
7.7 (6.88.7)
0.14 (0.1000.190)
1.6 (1.12.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
60
0.66
42 (3258)
0.39 (0.310.47)
0.6 (0.490.74)
6 622
10
84 (7990)
61 571
119
36 (2177)
8 949
2.8
90 (80100)
83 (7395)
64
7.8 (7.38.4)
12 (1113)
52
170 (80290)
327 (155561)
62 (29110)
120 (56208)
319
9.9 (8.711)
3.1 (2.73.5)
0.6 (0.520.68)
0.19 (0.160.21)
1 (0.9101.2)
30 (2734)
0.16 (0.140.18)
4.7 (4.05.3)
862
25
0.83 (0.611.1)
2.8 (2.13.6)
18 345
62
76 (58100)
112
43
69 (5884)
6 392
21
87 (7799)
100 349
109
77 (6594)
29
Vanuatu
<1
31
7.3 (6.48.3)
24 (2127)
0.7 (0.600.81)
2.3 (2.02.6)
Viet Nam
92
130 (110150)
140 (116167)
7 (5.78.5)
7.6 (6.19.2)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.7 (3.24.2)
0.26 (0.2300.300)
5.8 (5.16.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
43
0.95
16 (1419)
0.08 (0.0620.10)
24 (1831)
82 (61107)
Uzbekistan
0.16 (0.1300.190)
63 (5274)
<0.1 (0<0.1)
Yemen
26
13 (1114)
48 (4254)
0.31 (0.240.38)
9 628
37
77 (6888)
Zambia
16
64 (4488)
406 (279557)
38 (2552)
239 (162331)
37 931
241
59 (4386)
Zimbabwe
15
42 (2958)
278 (193379)
25 (1735)
167 (114229)
29 653
194
70 (51100)
1 300 852
135
48 (4354)
215 226
22
77 (7581)
WHO regions
African Region
963
982
281 (250313)
870 (790950)
90 (8299)
280 (270290)
28 (2729)
36 (3438)
3.7 (3.53.9)
636
740 (610890)
117 (96140)
12 (1015)
1.9 (1.62.3)
453 393
71
61 (5175)
European Region
907
340 (320350)
37 (3539)
20 (1821)
2.2 (2.02.4)
273 381
30
81 (7886)
1 906
211 (192232)
210 (180240)
11 (9.412)
2 482 074
130
62 (5668)
1 845
85 (8089)
31 (2835)
1.7 (1.51.9)
1 335 816
72
85 (8190)
Global
7 239
133 (126141)
16 (1517)
6 060 742
84
63 (6066)
a
ba
b
New cases,
relapse
cases
and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
Rates
are per
100 000
population
New cases, relapse cases and cases for which the treatment history is unknown.
TABLE
A4.2
Table A4.2
Estimates of TB mortality, 2014. Deaths from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by HIV/AIDS in
Estimates
of TBClassification
mortality, 2014.
Deaths.from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by
the International
of Diseases
HIV/AIDS in the International classification of diseases.
Mortality
(HIV-negative people)
Population
(millions)
Afghanistan
Albania
32
3
Number
(thousands)
14 (1018)
0.017 (0.0120.023)
44 (3257)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
0.087 (0.0720.10)
0.28 (0.230.33)
0.58 (0.400.79)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
11 (7.916)
0.046 (0.0190.085)
0.12 (<0.10.22)
Algeria
39
American Samoa
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.52 (0.310.80)
Andorra
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.76 (0.471.1)
Angola
24
Anguilla
<1
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.8 (3.44.4)
Argentina
43
0.61 (0.5800.630)
1.4 (1.41.5)
0.058 (0.0230.11)
Armenia
0.14 (0.1200.160)
4.7 (3.95.5)
0.012 (<0.010.016)
Aruba
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.9 (0.561.3)
Australia
24
0.042 (0.0420.042)
0.18 (0.180.18)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
Austria
4.4 (3.16.1)
Ratea
Mortality
(HIV-positive people)
13 (7.519)
0
52 (3179)
0
0
0
3.5 (1.56.2)
Number
(thousands)
14 (1018)
0.019 (0.0140.025)
4.5 (3.16.1)
Ratea
44 (3258)
0.65 (0.470.85)
12 (8.016)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.52 (0.310.80)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.76 (0.471.1)
14 (6.226)
Mortality
(HIV-negative and HIV-positive people)b
16 (1023)
0
67 (4395)
0
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.8 (3.44.4)
0.13 (<0.10.25)
0.67 (0.6200.720)
1.5 (1.41.7)
0.4 (0.290.53)
0.15 (0.1300.180)
5.1 (4.35.9)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.9 (0.561.3)
0.047 (0.0450.049)
0.2 (0.190.21)
0.055 (0.0540.056)
0.65 (0.640.66)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (0<0.1)
0.056 (0.0550.057)
0.66 (0.640.67)
Azerbaijan
10
0.041 (0.0370.045)
0.42 (0.380.47)
0.028 (0.0210.036)
0.29 (0.210.38)
0.069 (0.0600.078)
0.72 (0.630.81)
Bahamas
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.63 (0.600.65)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.78 (0.521.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.4 (1.11.7)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.42 (0.360.47)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.42 (0.360.47)
Bahrain
Bangladesh
159
Barbados
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
81 (59110)
51 (3768)
Belarus
10
0.73 (0.6800.790)
7.7 (7.18.3)
0 (00)
0
0.18 (0.140.22)
0
0
0.11 (<0.10.14)
0
82 (59110)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
51 (3768)
0 (00)
0.08 (0.0640.098)
0.84 (0.671.0)
0.81 (0.7500.870)
8.5 (7.99.2)
Belgium
11
0.031 (0.0300.032)
0.28 (0.270.29)
0.01 (<0.010.014)
<0.1 (<0.10.13)
0.041 (0.0370.046)
0.37 (0.330.41)
Belize
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.8 (1.81.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2 (1.42.6)
0.013 (0.0110.015)
3.8 (3.24.4)
Benin
11
1 (0.7201.4)
9.8 (6.813)
0.31 (0.240.40)
3 (2.23.8)
Bermuda
<1
Bhutan
<1
0.072 (0.0390.120)
9.5 (5.115)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.13 (<0.10.29)
0.073 (0.0400.120)
9.6 (5.215)
11
0.33 (0.2100.480)
3.1 (2.04.5)
0.13 (0.110.16)
1.2 (1.01.5)
0.46 (0.3300.610)
4.4 (3.15.8)
<1
0.15 (0.1300.160)
0.62 (0.4400.820)
0
3.8 (3.54.2)
28 (2037)
2.6 (2.42.7)
1 (0.801.3)
2.4 (1.83.2)
0
0.15 (0.1300.160)
13 (9.616)
0
0
3.8 (3.54.2)
47 (3659)
1.7 (1.42.0)
75 (6190)
1.2 (0.871.6)
7.7 (7.08.5)
3.8 (3.44.1)
Brazil
206
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
5 (5.05.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
5 (5.05.1)
Brunei Darussalam
<1
0.015 (0.0140.016)
3.6 (3.33.9)
0.015 (0.0140.016)
3.6 (3.33.9)
0.15 (0.1500.160)
2.1 (2.12.2)
0.15 (0.1500.160)
2.1 (2.12.2)
Bulgaria
5.3 (4.95.7)
1.4 (1.01.7)
Burkina Faso
18
1.6 (1.22.1)
9.1 (6.612)
0.47 (0.390.56)
2.7 (2.23.2)
2.1 (1.62.6)
Burundi
11
2.5 (1.83.3)
23 (1730)
0.69 (0.570.82)
6.4 (5.37.5)
3.2 (2.54.0)
Cabo Verde
<1
31 (2241)
0.026 (0.0220.031)
5.1 (4.26.0)
Cambodia
15
8.9 (6.312)
58 (4178)
0.82 (0.631.0)
5.3 (4.16.7)
9.7 (7.113)
Cameroon
23
7.1 (5.19.4)
31 (2241)
7.6 (6.39.2)
34 (2840)
15 (1217)
Canada
36
Cayman Islands
<1
Chad
14
Chile
18
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
1 369
0.16 (0.1100.210)
0.082 (0.0810.082)
0
2.3 (1.63.1)
3.1 (2.24.1)
0.29 (0.2800.290)
38 (3740)
0.23 (0.230.23)
0
48 (3465)
23 (1630)
2.8 (2.72.9)
0.7 (0.530.90)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
<1
0.023 (0.0220.024)
4 (3.94.1)
Colombia
48
0.73 (0.7100.750)
1.5 (1.51.6)
Comoros
<1
0.058 (0.0410.078)
7.5 (5.310)
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Croatia
15 (1022)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
2.1 (1.52.8)
2.1 (1.43.0)
0
64 (4686)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.18 (0.1800.180)
0
3.1 (2.24.1)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
1.6 (1.61.6)
Congo
0.016 (<0.010.025)
2.5 (2.42.5)
46 (3261)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.8 (1.32.4)
0.039 (0.0370.041)
0.83 (0.780.87)
0.046 (0.0450.046)
1.1 (1.11.1)
Cuba
11
0.029 (0.0290.029)
0.25 (0.250.26)
Curaao
<1
0
0
0.4 (0.300.51)
0
2.5 (2.13.0)
0
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.18 (0.1400.240)
0.098 (0.0900.110)
0
5.4 (4.36.7)
5.2 (4.16.5)
0.29 (0.2900.300)
39 (3740)
0.18 (0.1800.180)
0.023 (0.0220.024)
0.84 (0.641.1)
0
55 (4666)
0
0.15 (0.110.19)
0
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
1.1 (1.01.2)
0.058 (0.0410.078)
4.6 (3.85.4)
12 (9.215)
30 (2337)
36 (2746)
64 (4683)
65 (5477)
0.27 (0.250.30)
0
113 (89140)
38 (3048)
1.6 (1.61.7)
2.8 (2.72.9)
2.5 (2.42.5)
4 (3.94.1)
2.4 (2.12.6)
7.5 (5.310)
101 (84119)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.8 (1.32.4)
0.046 (0.0430.049)
0.97 (0.911.0)
0.046 (0.0450.046)
1.1 (1.11.1)
0.036 (0.0340.038)
0.32 (0.300.33)
0 (0<0.01)
0 (0<0.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.42 (0.370.46)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.42 (0.370.46)
Czech Republic
11
0.06 (0.0590.060)
0.56 (0.560.57)
0.06 (0.0590.060)
0.56 (0.560.57)
Cte d'Ivoire
22
4.8 (3.56.3)
22 (1629)
25
5 (2.09.3)
20 (7.937)
75
Cyprus
Denmark
52 (3868)
0.024 (0.0230.025)
69 (5090)
0.42 (0.400.45)
Djibouti
<1
1.1 (0.7601.4)
120 (87159)
Dominica
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.7 (2.62.7)
Dominican Republic
10
0.41 (0.2200.650)
3.9 (2.26.2)
0
2.4 (1.92.9)
0.021 (0.0150.028)
6.3 (5.07.7)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.14 (0.120.17)
0
0.19 (0.150.24)
11 (8.713)
<0.1 (<0.10.11)
8.4 (6.710)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
16 (1319)
0
1.8 (1.42.3)
0 (00)
0 (00)
7.2 (5.88.8)
32 (2640)
5 (2.09.3)
20 (8.037)
58 (4474)
77 (5899)
0.025 (0.0240.026)
0.44 (0.420.46)
1.2 (0.9001.5)
137 (103175)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.7 (2.62.7)
0.6 (0.4000.840)
5.8 (3.98.0)
aa Rates
per 100
100000
000population.
population
Rates are
are per
bb All calculations are made before numbers are rounded.
TABLE
A4.2
Table A4.2
Estimates of TB mortality, 2014. Deaths from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by HIV/AIDS in
Estimates
of TBClassification
mortality, 2014.
Deaths.from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by
the International
of Diseases
HIV/AIDS in the International classification of diseases.
Mortality
(HIV-negative people)
Population
(millions)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
Mortality
(HIV-positive people)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
Mortality
b
(HIV-negative and HIV-positive people)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
Ecuador
16
0.47 (0.3900.560)
2.9 (2.43.5)
0.31 (0.230.40)
1.9 (1.52.5)
0.78 (0.6600.900)
4.9 (4.25.7)
Egypt
90
0.22 (0.2000.250)
0.25 (0.220.27)
0.043 (0.0350.051)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.27 (0.2400.290)
0.3 (0.270.32)
0.12 (0.0890.150)
1.9 (1.52.5)
0.031 (0.0220.041)
0.51 (0.360.68)
0.15 (0.1200.180)
2.4 (1.93.0)
<1
0.054 (0.0330.081)
6.6 (4.09.9)
0.049 (0.0330.069)
6 (4.08.4)
0.1 (0.0760.140)
13 (9.217)
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
0.71 (0.4601.0)
14 (9.020)
0.1 (0.0580.15)
2 (1.13.0)
0.81 (0.5501.1)
16 (1122)
Estonia
0.027 (0.0270.027)
2.1 (2.02.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.3 (0.200.43)
0.031 (0.0300.033)
2.4 (2.32.5)
Ethiopia
97
Fiji
<1
0.041 (0.0410.042)
32 (2243)
33 (2344)
Finland
0.011 (0.0110.011)
0.19 (0.190.19)
France
64
0.37 (0.3600.390)
0.58 (0.560.61)
French Polynesia
<1
4.7 (4.64.8)
5.5 (4.46.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0
0.062 (0.0340.099)
5.7 (4.67.0)
0.56 (0.450.69)
0
0.1 (<0.10.15)
37 (2748)
0.046 (0.0450.048)
38 (2850)
5.2 (5.15.4)
0.011 (0.0110.011)
0.19 (0.190.19)
0.43 (0.4000.470)
0.68 (0.620.74)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.8 (1.12.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.8 (1.12.6)
Gabon
0.94 (0.6601.3)
55 (3975)
0.3 (0.240.37)
18 (1422)
1.2 (0.9501.6)
73 (5693)
Gambia
0.35 (0.2400.470)
18 (1225)
0.14 (0.100.18)
7.2 (5.49.3)
0.49 (0.3700.620)
25 (1932)
Georgia
0.27 (0.2000.340)
6.6 (5.18.3)
0.017 (0.0100.025)
0.42 (0.260.63)
0.28 (0.2200.350)
7 (5.58.7)
Germany
81
0.33 (0.3200.330)
0.4 (0.400.41)
0.011 (<0.010.015)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.34 (0.3300.340)
0.42 (0.410.43)
Ghana
27
Greece
11
0.11 (0.1100.120)
Greenland
<1
<0.01 (<0.010.013)
Grenada
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Guam
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Guatemala
16
0.26 (0.2400.280)
1.6 (1.51.7)
0.54 (0.460.63)
3.4 (2.93.9)
0.8 (0.7200.890)
Guinea
12
29 (2139)
1.5 (1.21.8)
12 (1015)
5.1 (4.06.3)
42 (3351)
144 (111181)
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
<1
Haiti
11
Honduras
9.7 (4.417)
3.6 (2.64.8)
36 (1664)
1 (0.961.1)
16 (1024)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.44 (0.430.44)
3.3 (2.14.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.3 (2.14.8)
1.1 (0.7001.7)
63 (3993)
81 (60104)
2.6 (2.03.3)
21 (1823)
0.042 (0.0330.052)
5.5 (4.36.8)
0.2 (0.1800.220)
20 (1427)
0.77 (0.610.95)
7.3 (5.89.0)
2.9 (2.23.7)
0.95 (0.940.95)
0.046 (0.0340.060)
0.58 (0.430.75)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (0<0.1)
0.075 (0.0750.076)
10
0.069 (0.0690.069)
0.7 (0.700.70)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.28 (0.280.28)
254
1.5 (1.11.9)
0.71 (0.700.72)
0.28 (0.280.28)
220 (150350)
17 (1227)
31 (2538)
2.4 (2.02.9)
250 (170360)
20 (1328)
100 (66150)
41 (2659)
22 (1332)
8.5 (5.213)
130 (86170)
49 (3467)
2.8 (2.03.8)
3.6 (2.54.9)
2.7 (1.93.7)
3.5 (2.44.7)
0.79 (0.0163.0)
2.2 (<0.18.6)
0.79 (0.0163.0)
0.43 (0.430.43)
0.02 (0.0200.021)
Jamaica
Jordan
0.02 (0.0200.020)
0.11 (0.0700.15)
0.14 (<0.10.19)
0.014 (0.0130.014)
0.17 (0.170.18)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.016 (0.0150.017)
0.2 (0.190.21)
0.26 (0.2600.260)
0.44 (0.430.44)
0.031 (0.0190.046)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.29 (0.2800.310)
0.49 (0.460.51)
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
0.31 (0.260.38)
<0.01 (<0.010.011)
0.32 (0.250.41)
0.018 (0.0150.021)
0.64 (0.540.74)
1.8 (1.71.8)
0.01 (<0.010.017)
127
7
2.2 (2.12.3)
0.025 (0.0240.025)
0.33 (0.330.34)
17
1.5 (1.21.8)
8.6 (7.010)
Kenya
45
9.4 (6.712)
21 (1528)
Kiribati
<1
0.054 (0.0440.065)
Kuwait
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Kyrgyzstan
0.65 (0.6300.670)
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
49 (4059)
0.16 (0.160.17)
0
0.037 (<0.010.11)
8.1 (6.410)
0
0
<0.1 (0<0.1)
0
0.21 (<0.10.64)
18 (1422)
55 (3678)
0.28 (0.210.35)
4.1 (3.25.2)
0.054 (0.0530.055)
2.7 (2.72.8)
0.019 (0.0140.024)
0.96 (0.721.2)
0.089 (0.0610.120)
1.6 (1.12.2)
1.4 (0.8102.1)
64 (3897)
4.9 (3.46.6)
231 (160315)
68 (4990)
0.33 (0.280.39)
7.5 (6.38.8)
3 (2.24.0)
9.7 (6.813)
0.22 (0.2200.220)
7.7 (7.67.7)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.16 (0.150.16)
Madagascar
24
12 (8.716)
51 (3768)
0.48 (0.390.58)
Malawi
17
2.8 (1.64.4)
17 (9.726)
7 (4.111)
42 (2564)
Malaysia
30
2.4 (1.33.7)
8 (4.512)
0.62 (0.380.93)
2.1 (1.33.1)
Maldives
<1
Mali
17
Malta
<1
Marshall Islands
<1
Mauritius
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
1.8 (1.32.4)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.3 (1.92.8)
11 (7.914)
0.26 (0.260.26)
0.02 (0.0140.028)
38 (2653)
0.89 (0.5701.3)
22 (1432)
0.016 (0.0160.017)
Mexico
125
<1
2.1 (2.12.1)
0.017 (<0.010.028)
0.02 (0.0150.025)
0
0
0.4 (0.300.52)
0
0
0.026 (0.0200.033)
0.69 (0.530.86)
0
2 (1.72.4)
0
2.4 (1.83.0)
0
0
3.9 (2.65.5)
0.073 (0.0680.078)
0.089 (0.0610.120)
6.2 (4.68.1)
3.3 (2.54.3)
0.61 (0.4300.820)
8.8 (7.111)
39 (3247)
49 (4059)
0.16 (0.160.17)
12 (1213)
59 (4082)
3.7 (3.43.9)
1.6 (1.12.2)
296 (218384)
76 (5798)
9.7 (6.813)
0.24 (0.2400.250)
8.3 (8.28.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.16 (0.150.16)
13 (9.216)
53 (3970)
9.8 (6.614)
59 (4082)
3 (1.94.3)
10 (6.415)
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
2.3 (1.92.8)
2.2 (1.72.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
13 (1016)
0.26 (0.260.26)
0.02 (0.0140.028)
38 (2653)
0.91 (0.5901.3)
23 (1533)
0.026 (0.0230.030)
1.3 (1.31.3)
0.01 (<0.010.014)
0.79 (0.541.1)
0.31 (0.240.38)
0.24 (0.190.30)
0.71 (0.6900.730)
1.8 (1.71.8)
0.33 (0.330.34)
0.65 (0.500.83)
1.7 (1.71.7)
16 (7.627)
17 (1421)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.94 (0.711.2)
0.61 (0.4300.820)
1.5 (1.21.9)
0.055 (0.0420.070)
0.025 (0.0240.025)
0.054 (0.0440.065)
11 (1112)
3.7 (2.45.2)
2.2 (2.22.3)
Luxembourg
Mauritania
2.2 (<0.18.6)
0.43 (0.420.45)
60
Kazakhstan
Lithuania
27 (2135)
0.07 (0.0690.071)
35
Japan
26 (2429)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
78
Israel
5 (4.55.5)
1.5 (1.41.7)
Iraq
Italy
16 (1024)
0.12 (0.1100.130)
1 (0.981.1)
0.44 (0.430.44)
0.16 (0.1400.170)
2.1 (1.52.9)
52 (3080)
<0.01 (<0.010.013)
<1
Indonesia
14 (7.921)
0.12 (0.1100.120)
Iceland
1 295
16 (8.824)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
Hungary
India
4.2 (2.36.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.4 (2.32.5)
0.017 (<0.010.028)
2.1 (1.82.4)
1.9 (1.92.0)
16 (7.627)
aa Rates
per 100
100000
000population.
population
Rates are
are per
bb All calculations are made before numbers are rounded.
TABLE
A4.2
Table A4.2
Estimates of TB mortality, 2014. Deaths from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by HIV/AIDS in
Estimates
of TBClassification
mortality, 2014.
Deaths.from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by
the International
of Diseases
HIV/AIDS in the International classification of diseases.
Mortality
(HIV-negative people)
Population
(millions)
Monaco
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.18 (0.110.26)
0.064 (0.0590.070)
2.2 (2.02.4)
Montenegro
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.58 (0.560.60)
Mongolia
Mortality
(HIV-positive people)
Number
(thousands)
0
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0
Ratea
0
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
2.3 (2.12.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
21 (2021)
2.7 (0.02211)
7.9 (<0.133)
Mozambique
27
18 (1226)
67 (4496)
Myanmar
53
28 (2037)
53 (3870)
Namibia
1.5 (1.12.0)
63 (4583)
1.5 (1.21.9)
64 (5179)
28
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
4.9 (3.46.7)
6 (3.88.8)
17 (1224)
0.18 (0.110.26)
0.58 (0.560.60)
34
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<1
Nauru
Ratea
Montserrat
Nepal
Number
(thousands)
0.066 (0.0610.072)
Morocco
Mortality
b
(HIV-negative and HIV-positive people)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
21 (2021)
0.34 (0.190.54)
2.8 (0.03311)
8.2 (0.1033)
37 (2945)
134 (106165)
55 (2597)
201 (90355)
4.1 (3.35.1)
7.7 (6.19.5)
32 (2441)
0.12 (0.0660.18)
0.38 (0.280.50)
1.4 (1.01.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
3 (2.53.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
5.3 (3.77.1)
60 (4577)
127 (104152)
6 (3.88.8)
19 (1325)
Netherlands
17
0.022 (0.0210.022)
0.13 (0.130.13)
New Caledonia
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.2 (0.761.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.2 (0.761.8)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.13 (0.130.13)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.13 (0.120.15)
0.21 (0.1600.260)
0.23 (0.1800.280)
3.8 (3.04.7)
New Zealand
Nicaragua
0.027 (0.0240.029)
0.16 (0.140.17)
3.4 (2.74.3)
0.022 (0.0170.028)
0.37 (0.280.47)
19
3.4 (2.44.5)
18 (1323)
0.47 (0.390.56)
2.5 (2.02.9)
3.8 (2.94.9)
20 (1526)
Nigeria
177
170 (91280)
97 (51156)
78 (53110)
44 (3061)
250 (160360)
141 (91201)
Niue
<1
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Norway
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.15 (0.140.15)
Oman
0.024 (0.0150.035)
0.56 (0.360.82)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
26 (6.061)
1.3 (0.761.9)
0.68 (0.411.0)
Niger
48 (11110)
5 (3.17.3)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.15 (0.140.16)
0.025 (0.0160.036)
0.59 (0.380.84)
Pakistan
185
Palau
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.2 (0.253.0)
Panama
0.21 (0.2000.230)
5.5 (5.15.9)
0.046 (0.0340.060)
40 (2558)
0.54 (0.330.80)
7.2 (4.411)
Paraguay
2.9 (2.43.5)
0.053 (0.0420.065)
0.81 (0.641.0)
3 (1.94.3)
0.19 (0.1600.230)
0
1.2 (0.871.6)
50 (12110)
0
5 (3.17.3)
27 (6.561)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1.2 (0.253.0)
0.26 (0.2400.280)
6.7 (6.27.2)
3.5 (2.44.9)
0.25 (0.2100.280)
47 (3265)
3.7 (3.24.3)
Peru
31
2.2 (1.82.7)
7.2 (5.78.8)
0.25 (0.180.34)
0.81 (0.571.1)
2.5 (2.03.0)
8 (6.59.6)
Philippines
99
10 (9.011)
10 (9.111)
0.08 (0.0550.11)
<0.1 (<0.10.11)
10 (9.111)
10 (9.212)
Poland
39
0.53 (0.5100.550)
1.4 (1.31.4)
0.016 (0.0100.023)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.54 (0.5300.560)
Portugal
10
0.12 (0.1200.130)
1.2 (1.11.3)
0.038 (0.0230.057)
0.37 (0.220.54)
0.16 (0.1500.180)
1.6 (1.41.7)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.19 (0.190.19)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.19 (0.190.19)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.15 (<0.10.23)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.15 (<0.10.23)
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
50
4
20
143
11
1.9 (1.82.1)
0.32 (0.3000.340)
1.1 (1.11.1)
16 (1516)
0
0
3.8 (3.64.1)
<0.01 (<0.010.013)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
7.8 (7.48.3)
0.11 (0.0890.14)
2.7 (2.23.3)
5.5 (5.55.5)
0.054 (0.0350.077)
0.27 (0.180.39)
1.1 (1.11.2)
17 (1618)
11 (1111)
1.1 (0.831.3)
0.73 (0.580.91)
0.73 (0.5100.990)
6.4 (4.58.7)
0.31 (0.210.42)
2.7 (1.83.7)
1.9 (1.82.1)
0.43 (0.4000.460)
1 (0.7901.3)
1.4 (1.41.5)
3.8 (3.64.1)
11 (9.911)
5.8 (5.75.9)
12 (1112)
9.1 (7.012)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.7 (2.33.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.7 (2.33.1)
Saint Lucia
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.4 (2.32.5)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.4 (2.32.5)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1 (1.01.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
1 (1.01.1)
Samoa
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.4 (2.44.6)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
3.4 (2.44.6)
San Marino
<1
<1
0.014 (<0.010.019)
Saudi Arabia
31
0.65 (0.2101.4)
Senegal
15
3.1 (2.24.1)
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
Slovakia
Slovenia
9
<1
6
6
<1
0.12 (0.1100.130)
0
2.8 (1.93.9)
0.057 (0.0480.068)
0
0
7.3 (4.810)
2.1 (0.674.4)
21 (1528)
1.4 (1.31.5)
0
45 (3062)
1 (0.871.2)
0
0
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
0
0.43 (0.340.52)
0
0
0
2.7 (0.865.5)
0
2.9 (2.33.6)
0
0
0.7 (0.470.98)
11 (7.416)
0.013 (<0.010.018)
0.24 (0.170.32)
10 (6.714)
0.65 (0.2101.4)
2.1 (0.674.4)
3.5 (2.74.6)
0.12 (0.1100.130)
0
3.5 (2.54.7)
0.07 (0.0600.082)
0
1.3 (1.11.5)
0
0.45 (0.450.46)
0.025 (0.0240.025)
0.45 (0.450.46)
0.76 (0.750.76)
0.016 (0.0160.016)
0.76 (0.750.76)
0.016 (0.0160.016)
0.076 (0.0530.100)
13 (9.318)
0.076 (0.0530.100)
Somalia
11
7 (5.19.3)
67 (4888)
South Africa
54
24 (2226)
44 (4148)
South Sudan
12
3.4 (2.44.7)
29 (2039)
Spain
46
Sri Lanka
21
Sudan
39
Suriname
<1
Switzerland
0
56 (4074)
0.025 (0.0240.025)
<1
Sweden
24 (1831)
1.4 (1.31.5)
Solomon Islands
Swaziland
0.019 (0.0120.026)
0.23 (0.2300.240)
0.44 (0.340.56)
72 (5889)
0
4.2 (3.25.3)
134 (107164)
0
71 (5292)
96 (81110)
178 (151209)
3.4 (2.44.7)
0.5 (0.500.51)
0.061 (0.0360.093)
0.13 (<0.10.20)
1.3 (1.01.6)
6.1 (4.87.6)
0.014 (0.0100.018)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
1.3 (1.01.6)
8.3 (4.314)
21 (1134)
1 (0.671.4)
2.5 (1.73.6)
9.3 (5.215)
2.1 (2.02.2)
0.011 (<0.010.014)
0.011 (0.0110.012)
51 (3275)
1.7 (1.22.4)
2 (1.52.7)
135 (91187)
13 (9.318)
7.5 (5.59.7)
0.29 (0.2700.320)
0.022 (0.0190.026)
2.4 (1.73.1)
29 (2039)
0.64 (0.570.70)
6.2 (4.97.7)
24 (1337)
4.1 (3.64.7)
0.65 (0.4000.950)
10
0.025 (0.0250.026)
0.26 (0.260.27)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.027 (0.0270.028)
0.28 (0.270.29)
186 (137243)
0.01 (0.0100.010)
0.12 (0.120.13)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.012 (0.0110.013)
0.15 (0.130.16)
aa Rates
per 100
100000
000population.
population
Rates are
are per
bb All calculations are made before numbers are rounded.
TABLE
A4.2
Table A4.2
Estimates of TB mortality, 2014. Deaths from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by HIV/AIDS in
Estimates
of TBClassification
mortality, 2014.
Deaths.from TB among HIV-positive people are officially classified as deaths caused by
the International
of Diseases
HIV/AIDS in the International classification of diseases.
Mortality
(HIV-negative people)
Population
(millions)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
19
0.012 (0.0100.013)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
Tajikistan
0.27 (0.2000.360)
3.3 (2.44.4)
Thailand
68
7.4 (3.912)
11 (5.718)
Timor-Leste
1.1 (0.7601.5)
94 (66126)
Togo
0.63 (0.4400.850)
8.8 (6.112)
0.049 (0.0480.050)
Tokelau
<1
Tonga
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.3 (2.32.4)
0
2.1 (1.42.9)
Mortality
(HIV-positive people)
Number
(thousands)
0
0.055 (0.0390.074)
4.5 (2.37.4)
0
0
0.3 (0.230.38)
Ratea
0
0.66 (0.470.89)
6.6 (3.411)
0
0
4.2 (3.35.3)
Mortality
b
(HIV-negative and HIV-positive people)
Number
(thousands)
Ratea
0.012 (0.0100.013)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.33 (0.2500.420)
12 (7.517)
0.049 (0.0480.050)
3.9 (3.05.0)
18 (1126)
2.3 (2.32.4)
1.1 (0.7601.5)
94 (66126)
0.93 (0.7201.2)
13 (1016)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
2.1 (1.42.9)
2.8 (2.63.1)
0.027 (0.0240.029)
2 (1.82.2)
0.012 (<0.010.015)
0.89 (0.691.1)
0.039 (0.0350.042)
Tunisia
11
0.23 (0.0470.540)
2 (0.424.9)
<0.01 (<0.010.010)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.23 (0.0520.550)
2.1 (0.474.9)
Turkey
78
0.47 (0.4000.550)
<0.01 (<0.010.012)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.48 (0.4100.550)
0.62 (0.530.72)
Turkmenistan
0.61 (0.520.70)
0.18 (0.1500.210)
3.4 (2.94.0)
0.18 (0.1500.210)
3.4 (2.94.0)
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.75 (0.720.77)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.75 (0.720.77)
Tuvalu
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
14 (8.321)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
14 (8.321)
US Virgin Islands
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.98 (0.960.99)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.98 (0.960.99)
Uganda
38
4.5 (3.26.1)
12 (8.416)
6.4 (5.08.1)
17 (1321)
11 (8.913)
29 (2435)
Ukraine
45
5.7 (5.65.8)
13 (1313)
1.2 (0.821.6)
2.7 (1.83.7)
6.9 (6.57.4)
15 (1416)
0.029 (0.0240.035)
0.32 (0.260.38)
64
0.3 (0.2900.300)
0.46 (0.450.46)
52
30 (1354)
58 (26104)
28 (1543)
319
0.46 (0.4500.470)
0.14 (0.140.15)
0.11 (0.0540.19)
0.057 (0.0540.060)
1.7 (1.61.7)
9.1 (8.010)
Uzbekistan
29
Vanuatu
<1
0.02 (0.0140.028)
7.9 (5.411)
31
0.54 (0.5400.550)
1.8 (1.81.8)
Viet Nam
92
<1
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.3 (0.190.44)
0
0.013 (<0.010.024)
2.7 (2.33.1)
17 (1123)
18 (1225)
0
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
53 (3084)
0.029 (0.0240.035)
0.32 (0.260.38)
0.31 (0.3000.320)
0.48 (0.460.49)
58 (3685)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
0.57 (0.5100.650)
0.024 (0.0170.032)
0.7 (0.510.92)
0.081 (0.0730.089)
0.16 (0.120.20)
0.54 (0.420.69)
0
0.12 (0.0830.17)
1.9 (1.32.5)
0
0
0.4 (0.270.55)
2 (1.42.7)
0
2.9 (2.53.2)
112 (69164)
0.18 (0.160.20)
2.4 (2.12.6)
9.7 (8.511)
0.02 (0.0140.028)
7.9 (5.411)
0.67 (0.6200.710)
2.2 (2.02.3)
19 (1325)
20 (1427)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.3 (0.190.44)
0.2 (0.190.21)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
0.17 (0.170.18)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
<0.1 (<0.1<0.1)
<0.01 (<0.01<0.01)
Yemen
26
1.1 (0.7401.6)
4.4 (2.86.2)
0.025 (0.0190.031)
0.1 (<0.10.12)
1.2 (0.7601.7)
Zambia
16
5.1 (3.17.5)
32 (2048)
11 (7.416)
72 (47102)
16 (1222)
104 (76137)
Zimbabwe
15
2.3 (1.43.4)
15 (9.522)
5.2 (3.27.8)
34 (2151)
7.6 (5.210)
50 (3468)
African Region
963
450 (350560)
46 (3658)
310 (270350)
32 (2836)
750 (650870)
78 (6790)
982
17 (1618)
1.7 (1.61.8)
6 (5.26.8)
0.61 (0.530.69)
23 (2224)
2.3 (2.22.5)
636
88 (43150)
14 (6.823)
3.2 (2.64.0)
0.51 (0.410.62)
91 (46150)
14 (7.224)
European Region
907
33 (3334)
3.7 (3.63.8)
3.2 (2.73.7)
0.35 (0.300.40)
37 (3638)
460 (350570)
24 (1930)
62 (5174)
3.3 (2.73.9)
520 (410630)
4.4 (2.96.3)
WHO regions
1 906
1 845
88 (8195)
4.8 (4.45.1)
4.9 (4.25.7)
0.27 (0.230.31)
Global
7 239
16 (1318)
390 (350430)
5.3 (4.85.9)
93 (86100)
1 500 (1 4001 700)
4 (3.94.1)
27 (2233)
5 (4.65.4)
21 (1923)
aa Rates
per 100
100000
000population.
population
Rates are
are per
bb All calculations are made before numbers are rounded.
TABLE A4.3
Table
TB
caseA4.3
notifications, 2014
TB case notifications, 2014
New casesa
Pulmonary
New and
relapsea
Afghanistan
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Relapses
Pulmonary
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Previously
treated,
excluding
relapse
31 746
14 737
8 573
7 227
1 209
Albania
408
159
83
145
16
966
0
Algeria
22 517
7 206
1 239
13 708
364
198
American Samoa
Andorra
53 552
22 046
25 262
3 562
2 682
1 654
Anguilla
Argentina
9 195
5 249
2 218
1 255
319
107
47
843
Armenia
1 329
356
434
249
49
147
94
13
1 330
721
78
474
42
14
13
564
388
58
104
18
5 788
1 877
1 678
829
905
359
140
1 751
50
25
20
191 166
106 767
42 832
37 406
2 989
863
309
5 631
Belarus
3 858
2 045
872
310
615
10
416
Belgium
Angola
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
886
531
97
258
Belize
72
33
29
Benin
3 886
3 079
313
359
135
Bermuda
73
0
15
91
Bhutan
1 066
454
91
466
55
16
8 079
5 476
449
1 642
428
32
52
122
1 196
613
328
147
59
43
Botswana
6 019
2 218
1 819
1 008
439
403
132
73 970
41 120
17 801
9 479
3 602
1 488
480
7 542
198
150
35
1 825
800
369
481
95
50
30
47
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
5 546
3 722
815
683
217
109
246
Burundi
7 226
4 265
653
2 102
206
83
274
172
41
52
18
Cambodia
43 059
12 168
11 286
18 310
445
709
141
679
Cameroon
26 038
15 410
5 472
4 060
1 096
Cabo Verde
479
Canada
Cayman Islands
10 186
5 106
3 012
1 685
383
Chad
11 973
5 724
4 257
1 499
493
332
15
25
Chile
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Macao SAR
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Cook Islands
2 383
1 481
237
467
158
819 283
235 704
526 106
32 348
25 125
4 759
2 435
952
917
297
94
64
394
250
55
60
21
11 875
7 073
1 949
2 289
415
117
32
560
148
83
29
32
10 017
3 876
3 479
2 466
196
57
6 872
25
2
177
Costa Rica
463
380
63
10
Croatia
496
346
74
41
30
Cuba
729
467
130
80
41
13
Curaao
Cyprus
Czech Republic
39
31
474
326
81
67
23 275
14 233
2 901
5 243
898
103 045
34 622
41 423
18 587
8 413
7 245
115 795
75 631
13 494
19 566
4 298
1 892
914
1 099
293
200
26
2 220
1 069
Cte d'Ivoire
Denmark
Djibouti
a a
67
986
40
475
27
165
Includescases
cases for
for which
whichthe
thetreatment
treatmenthistory
history
unknown.
Includes
is is
unknown.
TABLE A4.3
Table
TB
caseA4.3
notifications, 2014
TB case notifications, 2014
New casesa
Pulmonary
New and
relapsea
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Relapses
Pulmonary
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Previously
treated,
excluding
relapse
4 405
2 630
926
483
300
64
200
Ecuador
5 157
3 649
341
913
254
195
Egypt
7 177
3 697
886
2 285
309
290
El Salvador
2 206
1 564
215
291
134
14
Equatorial Guinea
1 166
700
280
142
41
47
Eritrea
2 391
771
714
774
86
34
12
34
22
10
Estonia
236
163
29
13
Ethiopia
119 592
40 087
41 575
37 930
Fiji
378
105
131
109
24
Finland
252
156
30
60
France
4 535
2 515
790
1 230
310
French Polynesia
56
37
11
Gabon
5 608
2 184
2 754
448
222
691
Gambia
2 552
1 475
787
209
81
31
Georgia
3 200
1 797
349
661
306
44
43
650
24
28
160
4 328
2 621
550
1 015
90
Ghana
Germany
14 668
7 682
5 364
1 181
441
Greece
484
354
51
79
35
608
Greenland
Grenada
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
56
31
21
3 163
2 103
550
352
132
15
11
61
11 734
6 449
2 334
2 478
473
2 282
1 544
602
93
43
545
284
153
58
19
31
103
15 806
9 747
3 521
1 541
641
281
75
157
2 820
1 810
380
406
180
22
22
799
313
414
26
11
34
52
1 609 547
754 268
343 032
275 502
124 679
112 066
322 806
193 321
101 991
19 653
6 449
1 391
1 733
10 191
5 601
1 251
2 869
339
69
62
204
8 268
2 563
2 030
3 069
297
193
116
73
Ireland
297
149
35
113
Israel
368
201
62
99
India
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
0
74 368
19
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
86
34
44
19 615
12 120
2 061
4 255
797
171
211
385
117
101
161
20
Kazakhstan
15 244
8 026
1 883
1 571
2 414
1 050
300
474
Kenya
88 025
34 997
30 872
14 640
3 569
2 947
1 000
1 269
Kiribati
414
151
198
55
10
18
Kuwait
734
319
177
237
Kyrgyzstan
6 390
1 849
2 407
1 624
510
0
1 033
4 264
2 973
685
408
198
Latvia
738
487
97
53
91
86
23
Lebanon
673
306
120
238
10
Lesotho
8 840
2 619
4 312
1 363
519
27
1 016
Liberia
2 702
1 703
957
42
24
Libya
1 153
526
232
384
11
32
Lithuania
1 481
949
255
109
160
126
Luxembourg
24
12
Madagascar
28 466
18 825
2 093
5 658
1 562
328
Malawi
16 267
5 564
5 589
4 567
547
1 456
Malaysia
24 054
14 099
5 743
3 055
749
300
108
657
Maldives
131
90
41
5 809
3 804
632
1 208
165
45
20
13
12
142
53
46
37
11
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
a a
0
470
167
Includescases
cases for
for which
whichthe
thetreatment
treatmenthistory
history
unknown.
Includes
is is
unknown.
TABLE A4.3
Table
TB
caseA4.3
notifications, 2014
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Relapses
Pulmonary
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Previously
treated,
excluding
relapse
2 420
1 364
350
588
118
126
114
10
18
1
21 196
13 177
3 060
3 892
779
192
96
685
188
36
126
26
4 483
1 791
676
1 705
241
24
46
288
113
63
27
13
422
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Montserrat
Morocco
29 843
12 302
2 436
13 397
1 189
97
Mozambique
57 773
24 430
23 455
6 276
1 542
2 070
138 352
42 608
70 305
16 108
5 276
3 650
405
8 972
4 335
2 035
1 469
1 133
Nauru
Nepal
35 277
15 947
8 445
8 583
2 302
814
354
87
363
29
12
12
Myanmar
Namibia
Netherlands
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Nicaragua
19
111
717
338
130
207
4 890
0
7 073
1 698
1 710
370
49 825
29 460
4 764
2 415
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
160
86 464
Oman
0
1 748
1 447
10 851
Norway
910
297
Nigeria
3 605
2 632
Niger
Niue
881
497
251
26
19
303
241
31
31
0
22
358
234
116
308 417
122 537
120 350
57 463
7 420
426
221
8 160
14
1 457
713
353
284
50
38
19
71
26 170
3 840
10 716
11 406
208
2 397
2 246
1 370
459
208
163
42
169
30 008
17 823
4 204
5 348
2 128
366
139
1 453
243 379
92 991
139 950
4 161
6 277
Poland
6 539
4 216
1 476
374
337
125
11
159
Portugal
2 169
1 257
219
595
71
11
16
57
44
39
465
150
310
40 190
18 784
9 350
6 987
2 705
1 665
699
2 898
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
24 057
4 058
1 774
1 157
343
477
276
31
578
14 861
7 874
2 421
2 209
1 899
356
102
1 045
102 340
37 296
40 894
8 763
7 982
6 753
652
33 828
5 761
4 003
554
857
347
263
Saint Lucia
23
10
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Samoa
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
158
70
50
20
3 248
1 942
412
789
93
88
13 332
9 278
1 514
1 653
653
234
315
1 818
902
432
351
81
44
984
666
113
124
59
14
Kosovo
834
236
319
227
22
30
13
12 477
7 453
4 239
509
276
2 171
1 056
649
313
93
42
18
Slovakia
320
155
77
57
21
16
Slovenia
142
89
39
Solomon Islands
345
145
79
111
12 903
6 248
3 378
2 813
372
70
22
227
306 166
155 473
106 482
33 522
7 430
2 693
566
12 027
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
Somalia
South Africa
a a
14
14
0
0
244
Includescases
cases for
for which
whichthe
thetreatment
treatmenthistory
history
unknown.
Includes
is is
unknown.
TABLE A4.3
Table
TB
caseA4.3
notifications, 2014
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Relapses
Pulmonary
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Bacteriologically
confirmed
Clinically
diagnosed
Extrapulmonary
Previously
treated,
excluding
relapse
230
South Sudan
8 335
3 565
2 887
1 624
259
Spain
4 818
2 843
673
1 302
9 305
4 345
1 962
2 710
288
19 266
6 106
7 934
4 571
655
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
149
100
16
26
Swaziland
5 583
2 540
1 606
765
322
Sweden
635
313
44
270
Switzerland
423
272
30
121
3 481
1 161
441
1 796
Tajikistan
5 807
2 432
1 162
Thailand
67 722
34 394
284
167
521
168
1 126
350
33
35
55
22
95
1 423
540
139
111
453
21 115
10 244
1 969
3 896
31
64
19
50
Timor-Leste
3 657
1 838
1 222
519
78
Togo
2 525
1 899
177
339
110
13
42
119
168
270
38
317
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
251
128
88
25
Tunisia
3 134
1 052
214
1 834
34
Turkey
13 108
5 799
1 897
4 557
568
2 570
1 944
415
173
15
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
121
52
39
US Virgin Islands
Uganda
44 187
26 079
11 854
4 180
1 499
468
107
1 984
Ukraine
31 701
14 242
9 296
2 596
4 566
800
201
8 601
60
37
16
6 622
2 672
872
3 078
61 571
23 583
23 380
13 600
455
8 949
5 838
1 234
1 877
862
536
180
83
50
12
26
18 345
4 404
6 261
4 514
1 809
1 092
265
4 459
1 008
1 580
458
112
38
22
51
6 392
3 526
1 458
1 079
243
80
223
100 349
49 938
25 179
18 118
7 114
1 738
0
43
14
18
Yemen
9 628
2 912
3 135
3 390
191
Zambia
37 931
12 070
15 568
8 584
1 709
4 785
65
Zimbabwe
29 653
11 224
13 151
3 909
1 369
2 363
WHO regions
African Region
1 300 852
635 560
399 155
212 057
39 782
11 217
3 081
41 407
215 226
127 844
40 751
32 500
10 192
2 918
1 021
13 234
453 393
183 630
151 696
103 959
12 368
866
874
12 284
European Region
273 381
116 599
78 170
40 857
23 956
11 508
2 291
55 889
2 482 074
1 188 654
632 418
389 819
152 498
117 970
715
98 531
1 335 816
449 845
734 179
103 085
44 354
3 037
1 316
39 756
Global
6 060 742
2 702 132
2 036 369
882 277
283 150
147 516
9 298
261 101
a a
Includescases
cases for
for which
whichthe
thetreatment
treatmenthistory
history
unknown.
Includes
is is
unknown.
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
Female
2 283
11 890
3 921
34
33
Male
2 171
6 966
3 306
41
24
130
3.5
Male
13
257
4.3
Female
46
Male
26
Female
514
8 649
1.3
Male
395
12 488
1.6
Female
4554
5564
> 65
1524
2534
3544
2.8
10
8.2
7.3
12
12
15
4.7
19
22
17
20
28
28
2 649
23
18
13
13
19
33
4 046
28
33
28
23
26
33
35
18
14
111
163
162
141
107
97
10
136
253
262
241
186
160
Female
Male
Andorra
Female
Male
Angola
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
49
Female
91
Male
Female
13
15
27
Male
Female
410
3 454
24
7.7
7.6
27
26
20
16
19
13
Male
435
4 824
48
8.1
7.7
33
35
28
29
31
28
Female
11
306
0.99
6.1
24
22
22
28
30
12
Male
21
991
9.1
5.9
51
76
94
108
136
83
4.2
Female
35
Male
Australia
Austria
Female
25
598
1.5
5.6
12
4.5
3.3
Male
28
679
1.5
1.1
6.2
9.5
6.2
4.7
6.8
190
1.5
1.3
6.1
8.2
4.2
3.6
5.2
4.2
Female
Male
Azerbaijan*
Female
Male
Bahamas
Bahrain
359
0.49
1.2
13
11
9.4
8.7
7.2
12
60
1 103
2.4
8.7
39
31
21
25
29
20
61
119
3 107
6.1
14
102
78
84
85
79
Female
23
7.1
9.2
13
18
19
15
17
Male
25
3.8
18
13
26
24
7.8
Female
Male
Bangladesh*
Barbados*
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Female
3 369
70 547
4.8
19
103
113
119
156
225
145
Male
2 893
110 196
7.2
14
91
137
155
249
491
526
Female
5.5
5.4
Male
11
6.2
Female
1 038
0.71
1.3
20
34
32
19
14
23
Male
16
2 796
2.1
22
71
104
110
90
52
Female
32
287
5.7
2.3
8.5
11
7.6
3.7
3.4
3.8
Male
29
538
4.2
2.4
11
18
15
7.9
9.5
11
23
5.2
2.7
27
23
26
23
46
7.7
Female
Male
Benin*
Bermuda
Bhutan
44
14
36
29
70
44
120
Female
39
1 064
25
50
40
31
25
26
Male
21
1 955
27
75
95
96
78
85
Female
Male
24
507
18
26
298
225
127
90
115
170
247
Female
Male
32
503
23
33
214
135
118
151
177
Female
189
2 760
6.9
13
87
76
52
52
86
119
Male
205
4 413
8.1
13
127
103
86
123
164
219
Female
Male
0
73
Female
Male
Botswana
Female
Male
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso*
490
1.2
26
10
21
15
23
13
691
3.3
5.6
27
20
31
44
52
87
203
2 324
80
44
190
344
419
352
278
314
216
3 274
110
31
158
370
628
697
627
964
Female
1 095
23 113
5.6
4.2
27
31
29
28
28
28
Male
1 273
48 489
7.6
4.1
45
66
66
72
76
67
Female
Male
Female
77
3.2
20
46
60
32
53
186
Male
120
30
63
61
67
95
339
Female
64
519
15
14
13
18
20
13
17
Male
81
1 161
19
14
20
36
42
51
44
37
Female
33
1 072
0.52
11
24
25
33
37
37
Male
22
2 595
0.13
0.8
17
63
86
91
94
129
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
Female
247
2 249
11
9.5
49
70
107
108
79
> 65
90
Male
281
4 243
13
10
58
146
221
253
205
209
Female
57
3.8
8.1
26
33
43
23
35
28
Male
197
11
5.9
67
70
240
191
60
100
Female
5 289
14 663
136
269
96
152
256
366
584
854
Male
6 761
16 346
215
305
94
160
384
543
865
1 340
Female
Male
107
2 042
107
179
193
142
99
43
99
2 637
93
225
299
275
166
85
Female
Male
Canada
Female
Male
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic*
Female
Male
Chad
Chile
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
Female
431
3 853
14
13
55
122
150
176
169
112
Male
550
7 139
20
14
77
219
320
375
306
309
Female
23
822
1.4
5.9
9.3
11
11
16
18
Male
30
1 492
11
1.4
9.4
18
17
22
27
51
Female
2 010
248 755
0.25
2.7
47
40
33
36
52
73
Male
2 154
566 364
0.47
2.4
76
65
69
93
140
204
1 732
2.4
1.6
36
44
40
40
49
95
12
3 007
1.1
3.8
36
45
52
64
115
293
Female
131
9.8
41
70
33
39
43
77
Male
259
9.1
70
70
67
111
195
185
Female
Male
Female
298
4 223
8.3
3.7
17
23
20
18
27
45
Male
292
7 062
7.4
3.7
25
36
30
41
57
100
Female
55
20
29
26
26
18
26
Male
88
27
51
33
49
32
51
Female
68
1 465
2.7
9.9
112
131
126
100
90
62
Male
35
2 308
1.3
5.1
118
241
248
182
143
81
Female
Male
129
164
Female
15
142
4.1
2.3
4.2
5.9
9.6
7.2
8.5
14
Male
11
295
2.8
1.6
6.7
13
14
20
28
29
Female
187
5.1
8.6
6.6
5.7
9.9
17
Male
306
0.92
0.92
7.3
9.7
13
24
21
30
Female
163
0.69
0.96
3.2
3.8
3.3
3.8
3.7
Male
551
0.98
0.6
5.8
11
15
13
14
9.3
7.6
Female
Male
12
11
21
Female
18
3.6
5.4
7.5
4.2
1.3
Male
21
4.4
8.5
3.4
2.7
4.6
Female
146
0.38
0.2
1.5
2.5
2.2
2.2
2.7
6.1
Male
323
0.71
0.19
2.1
5.9
11
9.9
10
217
5 120
0.95
6.8
59
110
101
74
80
86
Female
Male
169
8 727
0.78
5.2
72
196
185
141
119
110
Female
2 521
33 374
44
121
238
405
456
395
330
115
Male
3 110
55 627
49
144
367
632
739
671
667
377
Female
1 856
30 748
126
1.3
17
90
171
201
210
207
118
Male
1 582
41 153
166
1.4
14
97
215
301
330
323
236
Female
116
2.1
0.31
3.9
8.3
4.7
3.2
2.1
Male
168
1.3
0.88
4.2
12
6.4
11
7.3
3.6
Female
27
348
26
119
136
126
110
77
93
Male
24
670
1.9
24
180
304
247
211
208
161
Female
Male
23
0
19
Female
17
839
479
0.77
1.3
22
26
26
20
19
Male
30
1 677
1 363
0.74
2.5
36
60
58
45
42
33
Female
111
1 816
4.5
5.1
29
33
28
28
34
50
Male
113
3 117
3.5
5.4
44
60
48
60
64
81
Female
189
2 644
0.6
1.8
4.4
8.7
14
11
12
5.7
Male
240
3 795
0.88
6.7
10
16
20
20
12
Female
101
677
11
13
13
21
25
38
42
55
Male
72
1 220
6.3
9.3
42
81
59
47
59
95
Female
27
416
22
153
219
253
133
125
70
Male
31
550
9.5
25
125
258
358
219
213
74
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
> 65
Female
138
958
13
13
36
57
74
103
109
133
Male
168
1 127
17
14
52
51
91
116
129
313
Female
72
4.3
16
17
8.9
11
12
Male
163
1.4
8.1
20
41
52
52
18
Female
7 438
46 876
21
46
Male
Gambia
Unknown
8 479
56 799
35
45
Female
19
123
12
17
39
46
38
28
28
63
Male
26
210
24
17
24
61
57
106
95
114
Female
109
0.69
2.5
6.8
1.9
2.7
2.9
8.2
Male
135
0.64
0.66
3.9
4.8
4.5
2.1
4.9
14
Female
135
1 597
3.5
1.8
6.6
9.5
6.5
4.3
3.4
5.6
Male
135
2 645
3.3
1.7
9.1
15
12
8.8
8.5
10
25
9.6
21
14
10
28
57
29
Female
Male
Gabon
29
9.1
23
29
10
23
109
Female
211
2 190
55
75
281
435
552
517
552
385
Male
252
2 955
57
93
365
572
630
799
743
518
Female
61
1 000
11
24
86
93
52
42
28
36
Male
68
2 071
13
22
94
159
151
160
142
85
Female
67
1 522
1.8
1.1
4.6
5.9
4.5
4.7
Female
Male
Georgia
Germany
Male
Ghana
Greece
Greenland
79
2 653
Female
341
4 826
Male
1.9
1.3
12
9.3
7.7
5.6
5.9
7.7
6.4
6.9
26
54
71
80
80
122
372
9 129
7.2
6.8
34
84
169
207
203
262
Female
142
1.1
0.19
2.2
4.2
2.2
2.1
0.72
4.8
Male
328
1.1
0.37
9.3
7.1
5.5
7.3
8.2
Female
Male
Grenada
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea*
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Female
Male
Female
25
28
15
35
28
19
78
104
Male
24
14
13
6.8
17
55
53
38
93
Female
141
1 215
15
21
22
35
40
29
Male
143
1 664
20
31
38
50
60
65
Female
198
3 180
34
106
107
152
131
131
Male
356
212
7 671
86
243
316
321
302
Female
44
823
16
9.7
110
181
225
161
126
92
Male
64
1 348
18
17
126
331
348
340
289
230
Female
146
6.2
25
78
62
56
81
65
Male
388
7.4
53
174
213
184
166
158
Female
860
6 632
62
41
187
229
197
152
153
103
Male
835
7 479
70
32
176
270
259
213
191
195
Female
58
1 017
5.2
4.3
22
35
37
50
63
70
Male
69
1 676
6.2
4.8
34
57
64
84
92
155
Female
305
0.42
4.8
6.5
7.6
7.3
8.3
Male
490
0.4
3.3
6.2
7.5
20
22
17
Female
4.3
4.4
4.6
Male
8.2
4.2
4.7
4.7
50 943
503 218
12
36
131
124
106
98
101
81
Female
Male
14
26
143
171
229
281
317
305
Female
11 081
122 592
41
27
121
131
124
151
179
114
Male
12 089
177 044
44
27
122
175
173
233
319
296
Female
204
4 770
1.8
2.6
10
8.1
11
13
27
82
Male
146
5 071
2.2
1.2
7.2
13
15
15
24
69
Female
323
3 988
2.5
5.9
28
29
27
46
85
101
Male
262
3 695
3.6
3.4
18
28
35
51
80
119
Female
132
0.95
10
5.6
6.3
7.2
8.1
Male
158
1.2
6.3
9.7
8.5
7.2
6.9
14
Female
14
120
2.8
0.45
2.8
5.6
3.3
4.7
2.6
5.5
Male
17
217
3.8
0.14
4.8
14
6.1
5.4
9.4
Female
16
0.44
0.38
2.2
0.55
4.5
1.8
Male
62
1.9
0.84
3.6
8.3
3.6
5.7
13
4.3
Female
Male
Jamaica
Japan
Female
26
7 584
0.35
0.31
5.5
8.3
5.9
6.5
6.8
27
Male
23
11 982
0.29
0.26
6.3
8.8
8.7
11
18
55
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
Female
14
168
0.63
1.3
4.3
9.7
6.9
5.3
13
10
Male
16
187
0.4
1.6
8.6
6.4
14
16
Liberia*
Libya
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Madagascar*
> 65
Female
235
5 792
6.4
14
103
119
84
60
53
64
Male
217
9 000
6.6
11
115
146
180
165
165
124
Female
4 069
31 036
51
39
158
288
307
271
200
249
Male
4 379
49 810
59
38
195
431
561
558
399
483
Female
52
147
165
345
275
417
391
485
495
536
Male
43
172
185
237
399
189
633
715
963
870
Female
325
0.83
15
42
24
15
13
29
Male
400
2.3
1.2
12
24
25
34
24
31
Female
202
2 414
9.7
32
142
130
88
70
113
151
Male
236
3 028
10
36
142
138
163
164
196
177
47
1 508
2.9
4.7
20
49
66
115
162
202
Male
26
2 581
1.6
2.5
27
67
129
241
342
445
Female
15
197
11
11
17
38
33
26
15
8.1
Male
26
500
24
14
38
74
80
96
68
31
Female
34
366
6.1
4.5
19
29
14
6.2
9.8
9.2
Female
Male
Lesotho
22
251
5.5
2.2
8.1
13
16
9.9
14
11
Female
196
3 543
56
64
45
255
677
917
709
406
357
Male
1 200
172
4 803
70
54
39
156
692
1 380
1 770
1 400
Female
25
531
4.3
20
62
57
47
33
38
Male
21
1 126
1.1
2.8
49
99
114
113
71
205
Female
42
413
3.1
5.5
16
19
16
21
25
25
Male
27
671
1.8
3.4
19
35
37
28
25
40
Female
14
445
1.4
9.9
21
48
39
37
27
28
Male
1 014
2.6
4.3
25
61
127
123
126
82
Female
10
12
4.8
6.9
Male
14
8.4
4.9
12
2.2
3.1
5.9
Female
Male
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Female
858
5 716
24
22
57
150
206
186
143
127
Male
969
8 724
30
23
55
229
341
321
274
273
Female
354
8 434
7.9
10
62
70
69
72
99
119
Male
337
14 929
12
7.7
71
97
139
172
227
266
10
49
11
27
34
27
13
18
75
173
16
3.2
238
Female
Male
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Monaco
68
19
42
23
57
121
Female
37
1 216
608
14
36
32
34
34
35
Male
32
2 519
1 234
23
62
69
94
113
102
Female
12
11
27
3.3
3.7
2.3
Male
33
64
29
10
7.2
5.7
Female
30
20
191
134
177
275
49
60
Male
25
18
101
158
98
220
185
Female
67
695
12
3.4
12
45
57
65
64
86
74
Male
345
75
1 559
23
5.3
12
78
128
120
157
240
Female
39
13
5.3
4.3
8.2
Male
87
13
22
19
22
16
10
28
Female
381
7 710
1.8
2.4
12
14
14
21
26
Male
407
12 698
3.1
1.9
15
23
27
38
43
56
Female
19
73
125
102
160
227
189
300
230
373
Male
18
77
184
55
226
232
272
188
263
51
Female
Male
Mongolia
Montenegro
Montserrat
Female
193
1 733
37
56
222
198
105
110
127
151
Male
196
2 361
38
55
238
214
222
238
274
202
Female
47
14
16
14
14
17
31
Male
66
18
15
26
24
28
54
Female
1 074
10 422
11
31
103
83
68
67
74
88
Male
1 002
15 637
12
27
134
157
123
104
114
134
Female
15 506
36 727
17
299
168
127
178
162
202
253
303
Male
20 795
65 260
47
383
228
147
317
384
449
540
656
Female
431
3 241
135
75
269
517
543
378
356
459
Male
446
4 724
151
70
234
772
1 030
942
739
969
Female
Male
Morocco*
Mozambique
Female
Male
Myanmar
Namibia*
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
Female
110
279
536
Male
273
Niger*
Nigeria
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau*
Panama
Papua New Guinea*
> 65
Female
181
4 973
7 427
0.36
5.5
43
42
46
61
78
60
Male
164
10 629
11 903
0.34
4.7
69
100
116
156
224
206
Female
21
290
1.4
1.6
5.1
8.1
3.6
2.3
2.6
Male
27
476
1.8
1.9
6.7
11
8.1
6.2
Female
10
9.7
5.5
5.9
8.2
37
Male
16
20
5.1
4.7
21
5.3
23
48
10
114
1.4
5.8
11
8.1
4.6
4.5
3.4
164
3.8
0.98
9.1
13
10
6.2
7.1
11
19
603
26
28
26
30
30
32
56
Female
Male
Nicaragua*
Female
Male
10
815
27
36
47
53
57
Female
46
1 733
0.2
1.5
17
42
45
53
53
57
Male
50
5 244
0.2
1.6
47
163
145
120
126
183
Female
2 683
33 863
5.6
7.9
40
86
86
81
73
83
Male
2 780
52 028
6.3
7.3
43
119
144
144
136
166
Female
Male
Female
10
21
52
57
33
95
116
Male
16
20
25
32
92
224
346
Female
127
0.66
7.2
16
9.2
2.3
1.1
Male
163
0.62
1.6
12
17
7.8
4.1
1.6
2.9
Female
149
2.2
11
17
14
17
17
18
Male
201
0.51
1.1
6.5
6.2
7.2
15
15
41
Female
15 032
140 120
32
58
217
210
238
264
330
294
Male
12 213
141 052
33
38
166
181
225
297
415
386
Female
53
74
150
Male
10
46
132
245
79
348
179
Female
62
482
23
6.2
35
38
31
32
31
37
Male
53
860
16
6.5
42
73
59
75
58
71
6 959
19 003
40
Female
Male
Unknown
Paraguay
Peru*
Female
90
612
13
7.2
23
27
23
31
32
Male
97
1 442
15
6.9
40
61
60
73
101
93
766
9 548
15
19
106
86
62
76
70
104
190
Female
Male
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
San Marino
793
16 268
14
20
179
146
129
106
129
Female
5 740
14 486
14 494
48
31
29
38
44
57
61
60
Male
6 451
32 479
23 928
52
32
53
78
106
144
162
148
Female
33
2 057
1.2
1.2
8.1
9.4
11
13
21
Male
37
4 412
1.3
1.2
5.6
12
23
43
46
43
Female
18
791
3.2
2.2
15
25
17
15
13
16
Male
25
1 334
4.8
2.7
18
25
37
42
32
33
Female
11
0.36
0.38
0.38
0.79
0.46
1.7
Male
33
Female
79
Male
375
94
Male
Female
Male
61
Female
0.35
1.2
0.83
4.1
5.6
3.6
6.4
1.1
16
25
15
14
5.6
12
1.5
24
30
23
23
25
36
16 287
1.4
3.4
44
66
50
49
61
178
83
23 474
2.1
2.3
52
68
73
108
140
281
53
1 099
13
19
52
73
86
60
52
37
2 845
27
14
65
159
247
279
192
104
Female
329
4 481
22
22
81
72
49
41
34
46
Male
310
9 741
24
18
101
110
129
158
138
95
Female
1 635
29 280
157
12
15
45
77
65
36
26
22
Male
1 560
69 153
555
12
14
59
157
197
142
103
54
Female
168
1 762
41
49
61
55
54
51
Male
225
170
3 661
47
115
167
205
238
Female
27
29
Male
30
175
Female
8.3
13
Male
16
8.7
14
Female
Male
11
13
14
22
28
Female
8.4
4.4
17
18
10
18
18
Male
12
7.8
5.1
8.2
28
22
34
70
Female
Male
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
> 65
Female
51
14
44
66
93
201
175
209
Male
96
14
20
49
146
245
396
379
425
Female
42
988
0.77
1.1
11
13
5.9
9.2
14
23
Male
61
2 157
1.2
1.4
15
21
12
14
21
44
29
Female
101
2 632
0.72
4.8
Male
105
6 440
1.2
4.5
Female
19
793
1.4
1.6
21
21
21
15
14
Male
22
984
0.86
1.5
22
19
25
30
29
38
27
14
15
23
26
Female
Male
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Female
63
2 683
Male
72
4 635
767
10
1 387
Female
26
106
Male
18
170
Female
Male
25
15
46
74
0.6
102
169
194
159
150
127
0.8
134
280
376
419
292
267
0.77
17
63
32
20
25
39
5.1
0.97
24
51
40
50
80
152
14
2.7
4.3
1.9
3.9
4.4
8.6
8.9
1.8
2.6
2.7
7.5
12
11
13
60
4.4
3.5
2.6
7.5
15
79
3.5
6.3
9.4
22
32
138
28
30
61
107
44
101
173
52
Female
Male
Slovakia
Slovenia
Female
Male
Solomon Islands
Female
Male
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan*
30
145
40
17
80
75
45
104
191
103
Female
1 201
3 924
62
41
99
147
158
155
152
257
Male
1 582
6 196
92
45
167
223
230
255
303
498
Female
15 727
116 441
369
112
406
798
845
597
395
324
Male
16 250
157 748
393
101
295
920
1 440
1 140
1 080
764
Female
Male
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan*
Female
136
1 777
5.9
3.2
10
13
9.8
7.1
5.5
7.8
Male
161
2 735
7.5
3.2
10
15
14
14
14
17
Female
159
2 950
7.1
5.8
31
30
29
41
48
44
Male
154
5 717
6.9
5.5
29
55
64
108
128
127
11
9.5
Female
943
6 336
226
13
1 209
10 123
429
14
15
Female
43
8.6
6.3
18
31
28
27
4.7
Male
99
17
46
52
103
66
26
Female
250
2 251
131
91
289
815
981
565
337
384
Male
790
Male
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland*
Syrian Arab Republic
Tajikistan
Thailand*
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
252
2 830
130
91
174
830
1 610
1 280
1 130
Female
26
277
1.1
4.4
9.7
16
4.1
3.9
2.7
Male
27
305
4.4
13
15
8.5
4.9
1.9
3.7
Female
150
0.49
1.5
4.3
7.2
5.4
3.1
2.6
3.2
Male
262
0.93
0.49
14
9.8
5.1
4.3
5.1
Female
172
1 271
14
5.9
4.7
21
22
19
22
23
28
Male
225
1 755
44
11
21
33
31
32
37
42
Female
150
2 445
6.7
13
78
96
66
82
132
190
Male
184
3 028
12
13
106
123
99
97
124
164
Female
62
9 662
Male
57
24 613
96
3.6
4.2
11
19
7.4
6.2
8.3
14
12
169
14
3.2
15
17
13
29
25
23
Female
201
1 457
Male
189
1 732
Female
Male
Timor-Leste*
Togo
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Female
45
884
0.88
4.3
23
55
51
48
45
57
Male
35
1 561
0.87
3.2
27
74
119
152
127
107
Female
Male
Female
30
15
63
28
Male
19
17
107
Female
67
4.2
3.3
4.3
15
9.5
18
14
13
175
103
1 463
Male
Tunisia
Female
Male
Turkey
Turkmenistan*
4.1
2.1
9.5
29
32
55
47
32
1.7
12
26
36
29
34
42
39
92
1 476
1.2
10
23
37
36
37
41
51
Female
266
5 316
2.2
16
16
13
16
20
33
Male
284
7 242
2.3
16
20
22
32
41
49
Female
Male
TABLE A4.4
Table A4.4
Notified
new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
Notified new and relapse TB cases by age and sex, 2014
014
> 15
Unknown
04
514
1524
2534
3544
4554
5564
Female
Male
35
163
371
273
177
813
342
Female
> 65
226
298
105
145
Female
1 606
14 169
20
16
84
189
197
202
136
127
Male
1 710
26 702
23
16
86
324
483
530
387
307
Female
254
8 924
8.2
7.8
40
70
64
38
24
25
Male
278
22 245
8.7
7.9
52
145
209
163
103
57
Female
24
0.42
0.54
1.9
0.8
2.9
20
Male
29
1.2
0.25
0.37
0.25
0.1
0.33
2.7
13
133
2 581
1.8
2.7
9.2
16
11
7.3
7.1
Male
US Virgin Islands
Female
Male
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland
Female
Male
141
3 767
2.7
2.2
11
23
19
12
11
11
Female
2 972
21 895
33
21
61
159
234
225
219
228
Male
467
3 491
33 213
35
26
72
224
363
411
388
Female
224
3 193
1.4
0.46
1.8
2.5
2.1
2.2
Male
231
5 298
1.3
0.48
2.4
3.6
3.7
4.1
6.4
Female
24
250
12
4.1
23
25
15
13
13
16
Male
33
555
13
6.7
28
59
48
50
46
33
758
6 961
9.2
24
36
56
56
68
106
149
187
Female
Male
Vanuatu
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Viet Nam*
Wallis and Futuna Islands*
West Bank and Gaza Strip
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
1 155
9 471
16
34
47
74
105
128
159
Female
42
30
6.9
25
57
49
81
47
94
Male
55
28
9.5
46
57
35
86
155
151
Female
197
2 379
6.4
3.7
17
22
18
18
28
34
Male
218
3 598
6.3
4.1
25
29
28
35
48
64
Female
76
12 518
0.22
23
31
24
28
49
77
Male
68
37 267
0.27
0.81
35
76
110
154
189
250
Female
Male
Female
13
0.18
0.62
0.61
0.45
1.3
2.4
4.3
Male
29
0.99
0.6
2.2
6.4
9.5
Female
497
4 394
15
38
53
70
82
81
94
Male
525
4 212
15
30
48
62
99
88
134
Female
1 294
13 024
36
36
160
391
471
417
277
239
Male
1 432
20 472
43
37
148
610
895
714
556
526
Female
1 123
11 640
43
31
105
291
455
370
291
286
Male
1 167
15 723
48
30
99
374
719
652
523
523
Female
43 928
389 667
803
32
21
98
215
237
208
170
164
Male
46 595
574 141
1 495
35
20
98
290
410
394
338
324
Female
5 112
71 991
509
5.4
4.3
21
23
19
17
17
18
Male
5 377
126 342
1 426
6.1
4.1
31
40
36
35
36
38
Female
22 195
194 095
4 161
15
26
94
81
89
102
124
128
Male
WHO regions
African Region
Region of the Americas
Eastern Mediterranean Region
European Region
South-East Asia Region
Western Pacific Region
19 833
204 948
3 784
16
18
77
76
85
111
153
180
Female
4 834
86 060
158
5.6
7.1
25
37
28
19
17
17
Male
5 425
171 825
561
6.5
7.3
33
64
71
59
50
30
84 057
786 056
7 444
24
37
126
127
116
119
128
97
Male
11 950
27
32
136
176
224
279
336
329
Female
14 019
330 042
14 494
7.5
9.6
43
40
34
37
52
70
Male
16 295
714 207
23 928
8.8
9.3
67
65
71
95
134
182
6 959
Female
19 003
Female
27 569
17
21
75
82
71
64
66
59
Male
43 144
19
18
85
115
133
144
162
160
Unknown
Global
Unknown
6 959
19 003
TABLE A4.5
Table A4.5 outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Treatment
Treatment outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Previously treated,
excluding relapse,
2013
Afghanistan
Cohort
(Number)
Success
a
(%)
Failed
(%)a
Not
Lost to
follow-up evaluated Cohort
a
(%)a
(%)
(Number)
Died
a
(%)
30 507
88
Albania
472
88
Algeria
7 020
91
Success
(%)
1 115
130
HIV-positive TB,
2013
RR-/MDR-TB, 2012
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
38
71
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
50
100
24 445
75
74
59
American Samoa
Andorra
Angola
60
20
20
60 807
23
67
6 844
0
11
39
Anguilla
67
22
Argentina
8 474
51
36
782
40
554
32
89
34
Armenia
1 251
81
11
18
78
38
66
115
44
26
77
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan*
Bahamas
1 264
85
83
16
75
617
72
14
16
62
20
60
4 294
82
2 652
73
373
60
33
76
12
40
100
184 077
93
6 327
68
75
505
72
100
100
10
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados*
86
Belarus
3 034
87
222
71
138
65
2 509
54
Belgium
878
79
10
72
72
35
71
18
61
Belize
121
36
14
12
39
67
25
12
Benin*
3 254
89
242
90
Bermuda
75
Bhutan
1 080
91
35
60
10
100
7 657
85
561
77
43
67
1 261
82
43
Botswana
7 254
73
16
124
60
4 083
71
63
70
76 543
72
10
10
6 945
38
9 460
46
825
51
100
Brazil
British Virgin Islands*
Brunei Darussalam
212
73
20
Bulgaria
1 903
85
50
75
44
66
Burkina Faso*
5 125
80
10
400
75
680
71
26
58
Burundi
7 547
91
80
84
977
87
36
92
302
88
12
42
24
83
Cambodia
35 536
93
1 701
90
110
79
Cameroon*
15 102
82
1 634
71
76
92
Cabo Verde
Canada
Cayman Islands
80
20
4 400
70
17
514
62
1 972
62
16
Chad*
9 127
74
17
722
53
Chile
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
81
2 401
47
42
38
187
13
56
841 999
95
7 847
90
4 649
82
1 906
42
4 600
67
16
14
29
31
21
62
24
62
433
82
10
67
100
86
Colombia
11 902
71
11
708
42
1 489
45
99
48
Comoros*
67
94
67
50
42
69
58
57
Congo
Cook Islands*
50
50
Costa Rica
420
88
50
Croatia
516
44
13
42
17
Cuba
747
84
10
18
28
100
Curaao
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Cte d'Ivoire*
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Democratic Republic of the Congo*
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
40
50
45
468
69
21
29
83
23 796
80
11
1 503
64
97 665
92
7 247
83
87
1 164
66
25
48
43
2
51
263
329
59
37
75
13
10
100
2 898
83
162
67
33
112 439
1 383
100
50
86
134
64
100
100
65
100
72
TABLE A4.5
Table A4.5 outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Treatment
Treatment outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Previously treated,
excluding relapse,
2013
Lost to
Not
follow-up evaluated Cohort
a
a
(%)
(Number)
(%)
Cohort
(Number)
Success
a
(%)
Ecuador
5 277
75
12
197
53
Egypt
7 876
86
307
El Salvador
2 176
93
Equatorial Guinea
1 152
62
30
Eritrea
2 862
89
226
87
43 860
89
Fiji
248
77
14
64
Finland
265
53
12
35
17
Estonia
Ethiopia*
Died
a
(%)
Success
(%)
HIV-positive TB,
2013
RR-/MDR-TB, 2012
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
243
54
72
29
52
63
17
76
203
69
10
100
59
53
259
57
107
77
147
79
100
10
60
29
66
50
76
271
83
75
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
France
French Polynesia*
44
93
88
Gabon
3 861
55
35
628
41
Gambia*
1 431
86
Georgia
3 098
80
10
779
69
Germany
4 029
67
11
19
192
60
15 043
85
10
563
77
Ghana
31
68
623
48
60
47
73
100
243
62
39
69
1 959
75
15
80
40
2 737
Greece
Greenland
Grenada
Guam
Guatemala*
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti*
100
48
92
2 978
84
36
11 313
79
2 236
77
10
22
680
67
11
19
106
47
139
63
0
67
16 557
81
10
483
75
2 857
71
62
76
Honduras*
1 924
89
185
81
263
72
40
Hungary
1 030
74
11
60
33
11
91
Iceland
India
1 243 905
88
171 712
66
44 027
76
14 051
46
325 582
88
1 521
64
2 438
49
432
54
10 884
87
305
82
284
66
62
48
8 554
88
329
79
Ireland
346
59
34
26
62
Israel
305
84
14
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
66
47
12
100
71
13
92
16
81
30
40
Italy
Jamaica
Japan*
Jordan
104
77
12
15 941
54
17
23
1 008
46
327
88
22
86
12
50
Kazakhstan
14 456
89
464
63
340
59
7 213
73
Kenya*
81 255
86
8 445
78
31 755
79
197
83
Kiribati
394
86
16
88
Kuwait
703
82
13
Kyrgyzstan*
5 658
85
1 130
3 937
87
46
50
804
83
21
81
79
Lebanon
689
71
23
50
86
Lesotho*
9 119
70
14
1 619
62
7 683
66
146
64
Liberia
3 534
40
46
14
64
795
52
Libya
1 345
59
36
71
20
52
27
Lithuania
1 392
80
10
57
37
21
43
219
41
38
97
Madagascar*
24 182
82
2 243
75
Malawi
17 779
82
10
19
63
Malaysia
23 346
76
11
654
46
1 510
51
74
30
Latvia
Luxembourg
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia (Federated States of)
0
76
67
75
775
63
13
38
90
63
113
84
12
75
5 810
74
191
76
49
76
16
153
89
2 137
71
10
15
2 058
71
130
88
20 708
80
638
129
91
50
12
67
75
0
0
23
65
55
1 230
48
133
74
20
100
TABLE A4.5
Table A4.5 outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Treatment
Treatment outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Previously treated,
excluding relapse,
2013
Success
a
(%)
Failed
(%)a
Lost to
Not
follow-up evaluated Cohort
a
a
(%)
(Number)
(%)
Died
a
(%)
Success
(%)
HIV-positive TB,
2013
Cohort
(Number)
RR-/MDR-TB, 2012
Success
(%)
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro*
4 220
89
395
79
60
179
61
119
87
100
100
770
66
Montserrat
Morocco
29 144
89
Mozambique*
23 072
88
135 614
87
7 147
71
8 418
86
2 192
71
Myanmar*
Namibia*
Nauru
67
33
Nepal
33 877
91
456
74
816
88
12
75
Netherlands
New Caledonia*
4 343
81
0
17
70
33
214
28
443
79
208
68
0
76
238
76
11
73
47
60
40
100
269
84
80
1 438
84
72
69
10
90
Niger*
10 795
79
635
73
43
86
Nigeria*
91 997
86
8 404
83
154
62
New Zealand
Nicaragua*
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
33
82
Norway
357
89
38
Oman
330
96
289 376
93
7 217
Pakistan
Palau*
0
0
7 481
80
25
100
75
100
83
80
37
81
858
71
222
68
12
79
88
12
Panama
1 456
80
12
92
48
3 617
67
17
10
587
57
Paraguay
2 254
68
19
162
48
181
1 016
Peru*
33
42
85
55
34
57
57
17 265
79
10
2 802
59
1 122
60
216 250
90
2 924
86
1 798
43
Poland
7 011
59
24
199
42
31
13
Portugal
2 336
74
17
52
56
Philippines
Puerto Rico*
249
54
19
47
60
49
73
22
10
469
85
14
40 794
82
3 257
74
3 889
80
357
39
247
52
Romania
15 188
85
925
45
250
58
Russian Federation
83 301
68
6 934
39
5 701
85
10
278
75
16
100
23
83
13
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia*
1 448
76
1 212
60
856
59
638
34
16 021
40
58
98
147
73
13
30
60
80
3 435
56
15
24
127
39
77
17
20
25
13 180
87
329
74
826
44
29
76
1 427
78
49
69
19
84
50
24
79
17
100
Sierra Leone*
7 795
87
324
71
Singapore
2 142
77
14
75
51
86
22
100
100
Slovakia
395
94
67
Slovenia
139
77
19
100
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa
361
94
100
86
312
43
195
69
0
8 084
49
88
52
62
321 087
78
18 292
69
191 189
76
7 240
72
12
12
559
58
701
62
Spain
5 290
75
20
298
67
283
58
Sri Lanka
9 010
85
167
62
37
24
17 396
82
10
514
71
Suriname
136
77
10
10
20
31
65
Swaziland
7 191
75
14
538
66
5 773
71
597
90
34
82
Sweden
12 994
South Sudan
Sudan
55
0
12
83
Switzerland
TABLE A4.5
Table A4.5 outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Treatment
Treatment outcomes by TB case type, 2013 and treatment outcomes for RR-/MDR-TB cases, 2012
Previously treated,
excluding relapse,
2013
Lost to
Not
follow-up evaluated Cohort
a
a
(%)
(Number)
(%)
Cohort
(Number)
Success
a
(%)
2 739
80
17
112
Tajikistan
5 263
88
812
Thailand
65 867
81
317
91
Timor-Leste
3 718
84
11
Togo
2 644
88
10
90
10
250
62
15
15
30
Died
a
(%)
Success
(%)
HIV-positive TB,
2013
RR-/MDR-TB, 2012
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
Cohort
(Number)
Success
(%)
75
100
82
122
66
535
66
1 812
66
7 665
67
100
67
11
91
50
82
180
33
56
34
75
100
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
0
0
Tunisia
3 032
91
35
86
17
100
15
73
Turkey
13 170
86
239
38
32
53
291
66
26
Turkmenistan*
3 046
72
17
629
100
18
78
11
11
100
Uganda
44 605
75
12
2 572
67
16 762
73
41
80
Ukraine
29 726
71
10
9 149
55
7 553
44
5 556
34
81
75
11
14
67
50
50
78
54
20 320
72
45
73
7 293
82
496
75
64 053
91
1 679
79
8 890
83
448
78
552
75
27
59
878
79
13
18
67
119
61
100
17 373
83
4 340
78
1 491
49
123
85
11
237
6 481
81
102 196
89
100
0
59
581
80
21
52
4 453
71
713
71
33
91
Yemen
10 325
90
42
62
Zambia
39 899
85
4 984
80
Zimbabwe*
35 278
80
10
100
27
234
75
53
WHO regions
African Region
1 165 070
79
70 144
70
326 597
70
10 246
200 742
75
14 753
48
19 816
53
2 866
57
431 622
91
11 281
76
681
60
1 271
65
European Region
243 828
76
30 305
58
9 529
47
37 701
49
2 100 508
88
196 439
67
54 235
74
15 743
48
1 298 402
92
18 523
81
10 756
73
6 176
51
Global
5 440 172
86
341 445
67
421 614
69
74 003
50
TABLE A4.6
Table A4.6percentage of TB cases with MDR-TB,a most recent year available
Measured
Measured percentage of TB cases with MDR-TBa, most recent year available
New TB cases
Year
Source
Coverage
Albania
2012
Surveillance
Algeria
2002
Survey
2014
Surveillance
National
Argentina
2005
Survey
Armenia
2007
Survey
Australia
2014
Austria
2014
Azerbaijan
Year
Source
Coverage
Percentage
National
0.58 (<0.13.2)
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (022)
National
1.4 (0.602.7)
2002
Survey
National
9.1 (1.129)
0 (071)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
National
2.2 (1.23.6)
2005
Survey
National
15 (9.823)
National
9.4 (7.012)
2007
Survey
National
43 (3849)
Surveillance
National
1.7 (0.863.0)
2014
Surveillance
National
10 (2.824)
Surveillance
National
2.7 (1.15.5)
2014
Surveillance
National
37 (1662)
2013
Survey
National
13 (1016)
2013
Survey
National
28 (2234)
Bahamas
2012
Surveillance
National
3.7 (<0.119)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (071)
Bahrain
2012
Surveillance
National
1.9 (0.395.4)
2012
Surveillance
National
100 (2.5100)
Bangladesh
2011
Survey
National
1.4 (0.702.5)
2011
Survey
National
29 (2434)
Barbados
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (071)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Belarus
2014
Surveillance
National
34 (3236)
2014
Surveillance
National
69 (6672)
Belgium
2013
Surveillance
National
1.8 (0.713.6)
2013
Surveillance
National
2.4 (<0.113)
2013
Surveillance
National
100 (29100)
4.8 (2.19.3)
Afghanistan
American Samoa
Andorra
Angola
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Belize
Benin
2010
Survey
National
Bermuda
2012
Surveillance
National
0.5 (0.102.0)
2014
Surveillance
National
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Bhutan
2011
Survey
National
35 (2152)
2014
Surveillance
National
10 (7.713)
2011
Surveillance
National
100 (2.5100)
0 (084)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00.57)
2013
Surveillance
National
1.6 (<0.18.5)
Botswana
2008
Survey
National
2.5 (1.53.5)
2008
Survey
National
6.6 (2.411)
Brazil
2008
Survey
Sub-national
1.4 (1.01.8)
2008
Survey
Sub-national
7.5 (5.79.9)
Brunei Darussalam
2014
Surveillance
National
0.88 (<0.14.8)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (052)
Bulgaria
2012
Surveillance
National
2.3 (1.33.8)
2012
Surveillance
National
23 (1731)
2007
Survey
National
1.4 (0.702.5)
2007
Survey
National
11 (4.022)
Canada
2013
Surveillance
National
1.4 (0.702.4)
2013
Surveillance
National
4.6 (0.9613)
Cayman Islands
2013
Surveillance
National
2013
Surveillance
National
2009
Survey
Sub-national
0.4 (02.5)
Chile
2014
Surveillance
National
1.2 (0.682.1)
2014
Surveillance
National
China
2007
Survey
National
5.7 (4.57.0)
2007
Survey
National
26 (2230)
2012
Surveillance
National
0.97 (0.591.5)
2012
Surveillance
National
2.6 (0.955.5)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.7 (0.484.4)
2014
Surveillance
National
19 (5.442)
Colombia
2005
Survey
National
2.4 (1.63.6)
2012
Surveillance
National
13 (9.617)
Cook Islands
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
Costa Rica
2006
Survey
National
Croatia
2014
Surveillance
Cuba
2012
Surveillance
Curaao
2014
Cyprus
2013
Czech Republic
Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
Cambodia
Cameroon
0 (071)
0 (00)
Chad
0.56 (<0.13.1)
Comoros
Congo
2013
Surveillance
National
1.5 (0.423.8)
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
National
0 (01.3)
2014
Surveillance
National
6.9 (0.8523)
National
0.74 (<0.12.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
4.2 (0.5114)
Surveillance
National
0 (060)
2014
Surveillance
National
Surveillance
National
0 (015)
2013
Surveillance
National
100 (2.5100)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (01.3)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (031)
2006
Survey
National
2.5 (1.14.9)
2014
Survey
Sub-national
1.9 (0.803.9)
2014
Survey
Sub-national
2013
Surveillance
National
0.51 (<0.12.8)
2013
Surveillance
National
4.5 (0.1223)
0 (00)
15 (8.824)
5 (0.1325)
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
TABLE A4.6
Table A4.6percentage of TB cases with MDR-TB,a most recent year available
Measured
Measured percentage of TB cases with MDR-TBa, most recent year available
New TB cases
Year
Source
Coverage
Percentage
Year
Source
Coverage
Percentage
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Ecuador
2002
Survey
National
4.9 (3.56.7)
2012
Surveillance
National
26 (2329)
Egypt
2011
Survey
National
3.4 (1.94.9)
2013
Surveillance
National
15 (1218)
El Salvador
2001
Survey
National
0.33 (<0.11.2)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (04.3)
Estonia
2014
Surveillance
National
19 (1427)
2014
Surveillance
National
62 (4279)
Ethiopia
2005
Survey
National
1.6 (0.862.8)
2005
Survey
National
12 (5.621)
Fiji
2006
Surveillance
National
0 (08.2)
2006
Surveillance
National
Finland
2014
Surveillance
National
2.7 (0.736.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
20 (0.5172)
France
2009
Surveillance
National
0.45 (0.240.77)
2009
Surveillance
National
13 (7.421)
French Polynesia
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (013)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
Gambia
2000
Survey
National
0.48 (<0.12.6)
2000
Survey
National
0 (018)
Georgia
2014
Surveillance
National
12 (1013)
2014
Surveillance
National
39 (3544)
Germany
2014
Surveillance
National
2.9 (1.35.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
17 (1125)
2010
Surveillance
National
1.5 (<0.18.0)
2010
Surveillance
National
9.1 (0.2341)
Guam
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (011)
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Guatemala
2002
Survey
National
3 (1.84.6)
2002
Survey
National
26 (2034)
Honduras
2004
Survey
National
1.8 (0.763.4)
2004
Survey
National
12 (5.822)
Hungary
2010
Surveillance
National
2.5 (1.34.3)
2010
Surveillance
National
8.1 (3.316)
Iceland
Surveillance
National
0 (071)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
Multiple surveys
2.2 (1.92.6)
2006,
2009
Multiple surveys
15 (1119)
Multiple surveys
1.9 (1.42.5)
2006,
2010
Multiple surveys
12 (8.117)
2014
2001,
2004,
2006,
2009
2004,
2006,
2010
2014
Survey
National
0.8 (0.301.4)
2014
Survey
National
12 (6.219)
Iraq
2013
Survey
National
1.1 (0.301.8)
2013
Survey
National
20 (1327)
Ireland
2014
Surveillance
National
1.6 (0.205.8)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (026)
Israel
2014
Surveillance
National
6.6 (3.511)
2014
Surveillance
National
50 (6.893)
Italy
2012
Surveillance
National
2.6 (1.44.6)
2013
Surveillance
National
4.2 (1.78.4)
Jamaica
2013
Surveillance
National
2.4 (<0.113)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Japan
2002
Surveillance
National
0.7 (0.421.1)
2002
Surveillance
National
9.8 (7.113)
Jordan
2009
Surveillance
National
6.3 (2.413)
2009
Surveillance
National
29 (3.771)
Kazakhstan
2013
Surveillance
National
26 (2527)
2013
Surveillance
National
58 (5759)
2014
Surveillance
National
14 (1215)
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
0 (098)
Gabon
Ghana
Greece
Greenland
Grenada
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
India
Indonesia
Kenya
Kiribati
Kuwait
2014
Surveillance
National
2.2 (0.894.5)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
Kyrgyzstan
2011
Survey
National
26 (2331)
2013
Surveillance
National
55 (5258)
Latvia
2014
Surveillance
National
8.2 (5.811)
2014
Surveillance
National
30 (2140)
Lebanon
2003
Survey
National
2013
Surveillance
National
29 (3.771)
Lesotho
2014
Survey
National
3.2 (2.24.1)
2014
Survey
National
7.3 (4.210)
Lithuania
2014
Surveillance
National
14 (1216)
2014
Surveillance
National
49 (4355)
Luxembourg
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
2014
Surveillance
National
Madagascar
2007
Survey
National
0.49 (0.131.3)
2007
Survey
National
3.9 (0.4813)
Malawi
2011
Survey
National
0.42 (0.140.97)
2011
Survey
National
4.8 (3.26.9)
Liberia
Libya
0 (00)
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
TABLE A4.6
Measured
Table A4.6percentage of TB cases with MDR-TB,a most recent year available
Measured percentage of TB cases with MDR-TBa, most recent year available
New TB cases
Year
Source
Coverage
2014
Surveillance
National
Malta
2012
Surveillance
National
Marshall Islands
2014
Surveillance
National
Mauritius
2014
Surveillance
Mexico
2009
Survey
Mongolia
2007
Montenegro
2014
Morocco
Mozambique
Source
Coverage
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (025)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
0 (08.0)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (041)
National
0 (03.2)
2014
Surveillance
National
33 (0.8491)
National
2.4 (2.12.8)
2009
Survey
National
6.5 (5.17.8)
Survey
National
1.4 (0.702.5)
2013
Surveillance
National
34 (2938)
Surveillance
National
0 (05.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
40 (5.385)
2014
Survey
National
2014
Survey
National
8.7 (4.813)
2007
Survey
National
3.5 (2.24.8)
2007
Survey
National
11 (025)
Myanmar
2013
Survey
National
5 (3.16.8)
2013
Survey
National
27 (1539)
Namibia
2008
Survey
National
3.8 (2.75.1)
2008
Survey
National
16 (1321)
Nepal
2011
Survey
National
2.2 (1.33.8)
2011
Survey
National
15 (1023)
Netherlands
2014
Surveillance
National
0.92 (0.192.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
13 (0.3253)
New Caledonia
2014
Surveillance
National
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (084)
New Zealand
2012
Surveillance
National
0.9 (0.113.2)
2012
Surveillance
National
17 (2.148)
Nicaragua
2006
Survey
National
0.63 (<0.12.2)
2010
Surveillance
National
11 (6.217)
2010
Survey
National
2.9 (2.14.0)
2010
Survey
National
14 (1019)
2014
Surveillance
National
5.3 (0.1326)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (098)
Norway
2013
Surveillance
National
2.2 (0.615.6)
2013
Surveillance
National
5.9 (0.1529)
Oman
2014
Surveillance
National
2.6 (0.965.6)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (041)
Pakistan
2013
Survey
National
3.7 (2.55.0)
2013
Survey
National
18 (1323)
Palau
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (041)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
2014
Survey
Sub-national
2.7 (1.14.3)
2014
Survey
Sub-national
19 (8.530)
Paraguay
2008
Survey
National
0.3 (01.7)
2008
Survey
National
15 (6.128)
Peru
2014
Surveillance
National
5.3 (4.95.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
20 (1922)
Philippines
2012
Survey
National
2 (1.42.7)
2012
Survey
National
21 (1629)
Poland
2014
Surveillance
National
0.44 (0.260.70)
2014
Surveillance
National
4.4 (2.66.8)
Portugal
2012
Surveillance
National
0.98 (0.511.7)
2012
Surveillance
National
4.9 (1.611)
Puerto Rico
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (09.3)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Qatar
2014
Surveillance
National
1.3 (0.164.7)
Republic of Korea
2004
Survey
National
2.7 (2.13.4)
2004
Survey
National
14 (1019)
Republic of Moldova
2012
Surveillance
National
24 (2126)
2012
Surveillance
National
62 (5965)
Romania
2004
Survey
National
2.8 (1.84.2)
2004
Survey
National
11 (8.015)
Russian Federation
2013
Oblasts
19 (1425)
2013
Oblasts
Rwanda
2014
Surveillance
National
2.2 (1.43.2)
2014
Surveillance
National
5.1 (1.711)
2013
Surveillance
National
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Malaysia
Percentage
0.4 (0.240.63)
Percentage
1.1 (0.243.3)
Maldives
Mali
Mauritania
Montserrat
1 (0.301.7)
Nauru
0 (028)
Niger
Nigeria
Niue
Panama
49 (4059)
0 (00)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (028)
2013
2012
Surveillance
National
88 (47100)
Saudi Arabia
2010
Survey
National
1.8 (1.42.4)
2010
Survey
National
16 (1221)
Senegal
2014
Survey
National
0.4 (00.80)
2014
Survey
National
16 (9.323)
Serbia
2013
Surveillance
National
0.85 (0.311.8)
2013
Surveillance
National
4.7 (1.311)
Seychelles
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (041)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.1 (0.541.9)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.3 (<0.17.1)
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (02.6)
2012
Surveillance
National
3.7 (<0.119)
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
Slovakia
a
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
TABLE A4.6
Table A4.6percentage of TB cases with MDR-TB,a most recent year available
Measured
Measured percentage of TB cases with MDR-TBa, most recent year available
New TB cases
Slovenia
Year
Source
Coverage
Percentage
Year
Source
Coverage
Percentage
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (04.1)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (041)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (00)
Solomon Islands
Somalia
2011
Survey
National
5.2 (2.77.7)
2011
Survey
National
41 (2358)
South Africa
2002
Survey
National
1.8 (1.42.3)
2002
Survey
National
6.7 (5.48.2)
South Sudan
Spain
Sri Lanka
Survey
Swaziland
2009
Sweden
2014
Switzerland
7.1 (3.313)
National
0.18 (00.99)
2013
Surveillance
National
0.58 (<0.12.1)
Survey
National
7.7 (4.811)
2009
Survey
National
34 (2839)
Surveillance
National
3 (1.45.6)
2014
Surveillance
National
11 (1.333)
2014
Surveillance
National
3.1 (1.07.0)
2014
Surveillance
National
14 (4.033)
2003
Survey
National
6.2 (3.99.3)
2011
Surveillance
National
31 (2144)
Tajikistan
2014
Surveillance
National
8.1 (6.99.4)
2014
Surveillance
National
52 (4757)
Thailand
2012
Survey
National
2 (1.42.8)
2012
Survey
National
19 (1425)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.4 (0.174.9)
2014
Surveillance
National
0 (020)
2013
Surveillance
National
26 (1540)
12 (4.519)
Sudan
Suriname
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
2012
Survey
National
0.8 (01.7)
2012
Survey
National
Turkey
2013
Surveillance
National
2.5 (2.13.0)
2013
Surveillance
National
18 (1521)
Turkmenistan
2013
Survey
National
14 (1117)
2013
Survey
National
38 (3045)
Uganda
2011
Survey
National
1.4 (0.602.2)
2011
Survey
National
12 (6.819)
Ukraine
2014
Survey
National
22 (2024)
2014
Survey
National
56 (5061)
2013
Surveillance
National
0 (052)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.2 (0.811.7)
2014
Surveillance
National
3.6 (1.37.7)
2007
Survey
National
1.1 (0.502.0)
2007
Survey
National
3.1 (0.907.9)
2014
Surveillance
National
1.1 (0.841.4)
2014
Surveillance
National
7.4 (4.711)
Uruguay
2012
Surveillance
National
0 (00.79)
2012
Surveillance
National
2.4 (<0.113)
Uzbekistan
2011
Survey
National
23 (1829)
2011
Survey
National
62 (5271)
Vanuatu
2006
Surveillance
National
0 (012)
2012
Survey
National
4 (2.55.4)
2012
Survey
National
23 (1730)
Yemen
2011
Survey
National
1.7 (0.503.0)
2011
Survey
National
15 (8.122)
Zambia
2008
Survey
National
0.3 (<0.11.2)
2008
Survey
National
8.1 (4.114)
Zimbabwe
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
Empty rows indicate an absence of high-quality survey or surveillance data. In the absence of high-quality national data, high-quality sub-national data are used.
TABLE A4.7
Table A4.7
Drug
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
TBTB
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
and
Drug susceptibility
susceptibilitytesting
testingfor
forTB
TBcases,
cases,
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
enrolments
on
MDR-TB
treatment,
2014
and enrolments on MDR-TB treatment, 2014
Confirmed new
TB casesa tested
for RR-/MDR-TB
Notified previously
treated TB cases
Confirmeda
Cases enrolled on
RR-/MDR-TB cases
tested for RR-/MDR-TB Estimated MDR-TB among
MDR-TB treatment
c
d
(Number)
(%)b notified pulmonary cases (Number) (% of estimated) (Number) (% of notified)
(Number)
(%)b
<0.1
184
8.5
88
88
Albania
21
13
38
1 (04.0)
>100
Algeria
509
7.1
178
32
170 (53290)
65
38
56
86
Andorra
>100
100
Angola
29
0.13
278
6.4
20
614
>100
Anguilla
100
0 (00)
0 (00)
1 894
36
546
41
360 (240480)
114
32
78
68
343
96
50
17
160 (140190)
111
69
120
>100
Australia
954
>100
55
79
19 (1029)
24
>100
23
Austria
314
81
20
62
23 (1234)
50
>100
2 059
>100
3 901
>100
1 007
77
814
81
21
84
50
12 573
12
4 959
51
994
21
945
100
Afghanistan
100
American Samoa
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
0 (00)
307
0 (00)
96
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
1 990
97
877
84
1 282
75
1 903
>100
Belgium
506
95
53
73
13 (4.022)
12
92
10
83
Belize
6.1
12
19 (1819)
Benin
81
2.6
185
82
28 (060)
25
89
16
0 (00)
Bermuda
95
64
Bhutan
380
84
44
62
37 (2648)
61
>100
122
>100
238
4.3
510
80
210 (120290)
110
52
55
50
0 (00)
613
100
59
55
2 (05.0)
>100
75
10
0.45
62
6.4
160 (100210)
41
26
73
>100
702
39
702
100
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
0 (00)
Brunei Darussalam
126
84
100
1 (04.0)
100
100
Bulgaria
639
80
101
45
72 (5391)
44
61
29
66
0.16
273
48
170 (74280)
53
31
34
64
289
6.8
60
21
140 (42240)
48
34
49
>100
62
100
Cambodia
646
5.3
1 329
67
520 (260790)
110
21
110
100
Cameroon
<0.1
866
55
126
20
91
72
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cabo Verde
8 (4.013)
Canada
Cayman Islands
0 (00)
92
1.8
74 (0180)
40
54
21
52
Chad
217
26
310 (120500)
22
7.1
12
55
Chile
1 127
76
179
70
23 (1134)
23
100
10
43
China
45 664
19
17 210
54
5 807
11
2 846
49
2 328
96
277
58
44 (2760)
34
77
22
65
260
>100
23
79
10 (3.017)
80
88
Colombia
3 484
49
535
48
360 (260450)
187
52
173
93
Comoros
3 (1.05.0)
477
>100
200 (57350)
24
12
0 (02.0)
Congo
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
5.3
7 (013)
14
100
Croatia
274
79
29
81
2 (06.0)
100
>100
Cuba
310
66
56
86
>100
10
100
100
17
55
323
99
18
658
48
Curaao
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Cte d'Ivoire
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Democratic Republic of the Congo
a
b
c
d
7 (014)
10
0 (03.0)
33
3 (3.03.0)
45
0 (00)
580 (250900)
0
0
5
62
471
81
313
66
81
0.23
364
2.3
197
5.2
212
>100
545
0.72
6 135
75
442
16
436
99
TABLE A4.7
Table A4.7
Drug
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
TBTB
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
and
Drug susceptibility
susceptibilitytesting
testingfor
forTB
TBcases,
cases,
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
enrolments
on
MDR-TB
treatment,
2014
and enrolments on MDR-TB treatment, 2014
Confirmed new
TB casesa tested
for RR-/MDR-TB
Notified previously
Cases enrolled on
treated TB cases
Confirmeda
RR-/MDR-TB cases
MDR-TB treatment
tested for RR-/MDR-TB Estimated MDR-TB among
c
d
(Number)
(%)b notified pulmonary cases (Number) (% of estimated) (Number) (% of notified)
(Number)
(%)b
Denmark
197
98
18
67
3 (06.0)
33
Djibouti
218
20
28
16
48 (2075)
110
>100
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
0 (00)
60
55
240
9.1
176
31
150 (95210)
93
62
127
>100
1 016
28
720
>100
310 (250380)
451
>100
179
40
45
1.2
358
60
250 (180320)
86
34
72
84
846
54
123
82
6 (016)
15
>100
15
100
0.29
5.5
28 (2036)
25
57
52 (2182)
22
42
24
>100
62 (4875)
50
81
48
96
503
39
557
>100
Eritrea
Estonia
175
>100
29
Ethiopia
2 405
7 682
Fiji
71
12
11
7.5
0 (00)
Finland
212
>100
38
7 (1.014)
>100
>100
France
56 (3477)
111
>100
111
100
3 358
>100
332
>100
French Polynesia
31
84
33
Gabon
58
2.7
0.22
Gambia
96
86
Georgia
0 (00)
210 (100310)
11 (041)
59
28
15
>100
60
501
>100
14
15
1 700
95
634
61
640 (590700)
441
69
Germany
273
10
127
42
140 (74210)
90
64
Ghana
328
4.3
1 471
>100
400 (160640)
93
23
Greece
120
34
12
34
9 (022)
44
0 (00)
34
>100
100
0 (00)
Guatemala
353
17
151
69
130 (95170)
62
48
42
68
Guinea
114
1.8
181
38
230 (80380)
105
46
124
>100
Greenland
Grenada
Guam
Guinea-Bissau
0
1
100
83
5.4
58
>100
45 (1179)
25
56
17
68
2.1
41
27
28 (1838)
14
100
91
7.9
450 (260640)
91
20
91
100
Honduras
117
6.5
97
43
63 (3096)
12
19
12
100
Hungary
339
>100
34
35
26 (1437)
11
42
82
>100
100
0 (00)
Guyana
Haiti
Iceland
India
12 795
1.7
214 209
69
25 748
36
24 073
Indonesia
1 058
0.55
8 445
88
1 812
27
1 284
93
71
1 135
20
237
35
130 (79180)
48
37
53
>100
Iraq
986
38
250
37
160 (110210)
196
>100
58
30
Ireland
173
>100
13
68
3 (07.0)
67
100
257
>100
67
20 (1130)
17
85
17
100
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
1 178
221
93
34
100
100
2 (06.0)
7 861
65
481
41
190 (140250)
81
43
56
69
72
62
15
21 (7.035)
43
100
9 597
>100
6 377
>100
5 877
>100
7 315
>100
Kenya
17 619
50
7 436
85
644
26
544
84
Kiribati
22
79
Kuwait
733
>100
100
Kyrgyzstan
22 (1529)
11 (3.019)
2 000 (1 8002 100)
671
23
68
Latvia
483
99
Lebanon
299
98
Lesotho
461
18
Malaysia
a
b
c
d
100
91
10
25
>100
99
107
86
84 (66100)
71
85
70
40
>100
10 (020)
10
100
50
79
5.1
148
44
152
>100
279
93
271
97
100
340 (260420)
31 (2439)
Malawi
1 157
24
40 (1268)
Madagascar
63
230 (160300)
Libya
Luxembourg
82
24
Liberia
Lithuania
9
1 267
968
>100
294
16
>100
100
300 (270340)
0 (00)
0
2
492
21
200 (5.0380)
27
14
11
41
40
0.72
615
31
140 (86200)
106
76
64
60
5 171
37
298
16
99 (57140)
319
>100
60
19
TABLE A4.7
Table A4.7
Drug
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
TBTB
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
and
Drug susceptibility
susceptibilitytesting
testingfor
forTB
TBcases,
cases,
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
enrolments
on
MDR-TB
treatment,
2014
and enrolments on MDR-TB treatment, 2014
Confirmed new
TB casesa tested
for RR-/MDR-TB
Notified previously
Cases enrolled on
treated TB cases
Confirmeda
RR-/MDR-TB cases
MDR-TB treatment
tested for RR-/MDR-TB Estimated MDR-TB among
c
d
(Number)
(%)b notified pulmonary cases (Number) (% of estimated) (Number) (% of notified)
(Number)
(%)b
3.3
2 (2.02.0)
294
7.7
12
3.6
130 (51210)
40
31
33
Malta
24
>100
100
0 (00)
Marshall Islands
82
>100
41
0.59
114
100
Mexico
42
0.32
63
Maldives
Mali
82
0 (00)
52 (2184)
15
11
100
1 (03.0)
100
100
1 282
73
500 (440560)
201
40
206
>100
>100
8 (4.011)
12
1 043
58
1 664
>100
318
>100
294
92
63
100
50
4 (08.0)
50
100
Morocco
424
3.4
358
14
340 (210470)
115
34
123
>100
Mozambique
886
3.6
906
22
544
26
482
89
10 295
24
15 166
>100
3 495
39
1 537
44
350
60
327
93
Mauritania
Mauritius
0
>100
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Montserrat
Myanmar
220 (190250)
0 (00)
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
2 292
14
1 071
26
406
34
349
86
463
>100
11
58
6 (012)
>100
86
11
92
100
0 (00)
Nicaragua
0.62
68
20
50 (2178)
19
38
20
>100
Niger
<0.1
86
14
260 (97410)
46
18
47
>100
798
24
423
53
Netherlands
New Caledonia
0 (00)
New Zealand
1 (04.0)
100
7 (1.014)
>100
8
3 243
19
100
>100
213
88
16
73
Oman
271
>100
100
6 (1.011)
Pakistan
361
0.29
11 685
72
86
158
22
46
Panama
0 (05.0)
26
0 (00)
Norway
Palau
3 (06.0)
Nigeria
Niue
0
0
>100
100
27
2 662
82
100
45 (2861)
890 (5401 200)
69
20
65
36
320
100
308
22
149
39
11
18
13
>100
12 949
73
3 375
83
1 463
73
1 671
>100
Philippines
4 415
4.7
20 196
67
3 000
27
2 680
89
Poland
4 016
95
420
66
52 (3569)
49
94
822
65
76
49
21 (1131)
26
>100
22
85
40
>100
0 (04.0)
Peru
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Republic of Korea
Republic of Moldova
Romania
60 (18100)
31
320
2 (07.0)
465
>100
100
19 412
>100
4 299
54
1 172
65
856
73
1 764
99
831
61
925
62
930
>100
5 751
73
2 171
64
31 250
84
13 925
28
1 449
36
172
28
Saint Lucia
>100
0 (00)
100
100
0 (00)
10
>100
0 (00)
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Samoa
650 (490810)
100
578
89
648
>100
15 585
40
21 904
>100
130 (83180)
82
63
81
99
0 (00)
San Marino
5
7.1
11
18 (1322)
11
100
Saudi Arabia
1 091
56
82
42
72 (5886)
67
93
51
76
Senegal
3 694
40
1 335
>100
240 (150330)
70
29
49
70
630
70
54
37
18 (7.029)
14
78
13
93
100
0 (03.0)
1 217
>100
93
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
61
156
>100
38
81
290 (93480)
20 (9.032)
16
80
16
0 (00)
2 (05.0)
100
0
>100
29
TABLE A4.7
Table A4.7
Drug
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
TBTB
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
and
Drug susceptibility
susceptibilitytesting
testingfor
forTB
TBcases,
cases,
estimated
MDR-TB
among
notified
cases,
RR-/MDR-TB
cases
detected,
enrolments
on
MDR-TB
treatment,
2014
and enrolments on MDR-TB treatment, 2014
Confirmed new
TB casesa tested
for RR-/MDR-TB
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
Somalia
Notified previously
Cases enrolled on
treated TB cases
Confirmeda
RR-/MDR-TB cases
MDR-TB treatment
tested for RR-/MDR-TB Estimated MDR-TB among
c
d
(Number)
(%)b notified pulmonary cases (Number) (% of estimated) (Number) (% of notified)
(Number)
(%)b
122
>100
100
6.2
18
21
0.34
200
29
South Africa
0 (00)
10 (6.014)
770 (5101 000)
6 200 (5 1007 300)
South Sudan
Spain
1 492
Sri Lanka
0
0
0
0
176
23
76
43
18 734
>100
11 538
62
56
7.2
230 (95360)
2.6
52
110
48
24 (9.039)
39
>100
14 (045)
1 209
28
669
>100
42
>100
11
26
Sudan
24
0.39
103
5.8
540 (230860)
82
15
74
90
Suriname
88
88
13
81
5 (3.06.0)
>100
440 (320560)
358
81
380
>100
15
83
Swaziland
Sweden
498
>100
23
53
15 (6.024)
18
>100
Switzerland
231
85
35
70
16 (6.027)
17
>100
226
19
57
32
150 (100190)
31
21
26
Tajikistan
2 432
100
800
64
880 (810950)
902
>100
804
89
Thailand
4 370
13
2 209
38
506
23
154
92
18
78
100
100
<0.1
3 (06.0)
198
99
99 (87110)
100
18
11
77 (39120)
12
11
Tokelau
Tonga
0 (00)
1 (01.0)
43
34
15
29
10 (8.012)
Tunisia
1 009
96
43
59
19 (7.030)
14
74
14
Turkey
4 866
84
630
56
360 (320410)
349
97
257
74
310
16
162
31
450 (390520)
210
47
210
100
0 (00)
1 (1.01.0)
Uganda
1 958
7.5
737
18
255
26
213
84
Ukraine
13 833
97
9 707
69
7 735
60
8 201
>100
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
0
100
US Virgin Islands
26
70
60
1 (01.0)
100
100
3 820
>100
209
46
59 (3979)
63
>100
60
95
9 506
40
882
34
600 (240950)
516
86
143
28
6 557
>100
322
70
110 (88140)
108
98
107
99
370
69
35
39
2 (06.0)
100
100
11 956
>100
5 888
77
4 955
71
3 665
74
266
7.5
186
34
2 756
5.5
8 511
96
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Viet Nam
Wallis and Futuna Islands
West Bank and Gaza Strip
Yemen
0 (00)
150 (110200)
5 100 (3 9006 300)
0 (00)
26
17
26
100
2 198
43
1 532
70
2 (1.02.0)
996
34
62
24
140 (65220)
53
38
50
94
412
44
381
92
Zambia
Zimbabwe
610 (260960)
341
237
6.4
African Region
40 940
6.4
30 537
24
31 952
33
25 654
80
17 352
68
8 724
32
3 745
54
3 568
8 404
95
4.6
13 703
52
4 348
29
3 423
79
111 021
95
48 463
52
42 341
58
49 144
>100
45 056
3.8
247 336
67
33 264
34
28 536
86
92 801
21
54 553
62
13 437
19
8 850
66
328 759
12
404 731
58
41 110 873
90
WHO regions
Global
a
b
c
d
TABLE A4.8
Table A4.8
HIV testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
HIV testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
Total TB
patients
notified
TB patients with
known HIV status
HIV-positive TB
patients on CPTa
HIV-positve TB
patients
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
32 712
10 443
32
<0.1
Albania
408
41
10
Algeria
22 715
Afghanistan
HIV-positive TB
b
patients on ART
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
4.9
100
100
HIV-positive
people
c
provided IPT
7
American Samoa
Andorra
55 206
27 699
50
2 827
10
2 827
100
Anguilla
100
100
100
100
100
33
100
100
Argentina
10 038
1 580
16
447
28
Armenia
1 342
1 342
100
84
6.3
54
64
54
64
1 069
80
17
1.6
7 539
7 004
93
148
2.1
101
68
296
50
28
56
10
36
40
80
196 797
1 110
0.56
45
4.1
45
100
45
100
40
100
100
Belarus
4 274
4 274
100
271
6.3
271
100
191
70
Belgium
959
497
52
38
7.6
25
40
25
100
25
100
Angola
Aruba
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
2
1 343
582
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belize
87
63
72
Benin
3 977
3 828
96
Bermuda
Bhutan
1 082
703
65
100
8 201
6 340
77
262
4.1
125
48
177
68
0
539
1 196
194
16
Botswana
6 019
5 496
91
3 280
60
81 512
56 981
70
9 578
17
198
198
100
Bulgaria
1 872
1 377
74
0.22
Burkina Faso
5 792
5 553
96
656
12
641
98
564
86
Burundi
7 309
6 654
91
901
14
873
97
611
68
292
290
99
27
9.3
24
89
25
93
214
Cambodia
43 738
35 635
81
953
2.7
938
98
938
98
901
Cameroon
26 517
23 006
87
8 565
37
7 679
90
5 955
70
51
1 781
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Cabo Verde
3 132
95
2 546
78
31
Canada
Cayman Islands
10 186
5 201
Chad
12 305
6 636
54
1 291
19
721
56
Chile
2 440
1 213
50
213
18
66
31
826 155
343 515
42
5 309
1.5
3 675
69
4 784
3 345
70
23
0.69
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Macao SAR
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Cook Islands
34
394
355
90
1.7
67
83
12 435
9 994
80
2 143
21
901
42
816
38
150
0.67
100
100
100
10 194
1 313
13
386
29
104
27
94
24
9.3
41
100
41
Costa Rica
469
442
94
41
Croatia
497
Cuba
742
736
99
87
12
4.6
72
83
100
20
100
100
1 259
24
1 095
21
Curaao
Cyprus
Czech Republic
146
28
2.1
23 750
22 108
93
5 292
24
110 290
116 894
53 285
46
7 206
Denmark
0
100
1 300
41
514
Cte d'Ivoire
0
14
5 671
0
79
4 799
67
320
aa CPT
CPT ==Cotrimoxazole
preventivetherapy
therapy.
Cotrimoxazole preventive
bb ART = Anti-retroviral therapy.
ART = Anti-retroviral therapy
c Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care.
c
Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care
TABLE A4.8
Table A4.8
HIV
testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
HIV testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
Total TB
patients
notified
TB patients with
known HIV status
HIV-positive TB
patients on CPTa
HIV-positve TB
patients
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
1 877
84
160
8.5
Dominican Republic
4 605
3 377
73
782
23
370
47
667
85
945
Ecuador
5 352
4 729
88
637
13
637
100
287
Egypt
7 467
1 690
23
12
0.71
12
100
12
100
El Salvador
2 220
2 173
98
203
9.3
171
84
170
84
Equatorial Guinea
1 213
732
60
293
40
266
91
Eritrea
115
82
Dominica
(%)
(%)
109
68
2 425
2 311
95
140
6.1
246
238
97
24
10
19
79
Ethiopia
119 592
89 320
75
8 670
9.7
3 396
39
10 385
Fiji
385
281
73
11
3.9
100
11
100
Finland
259
France
4 845
0
11
74
1 946
Estonia
French Polynesia
104
(Number)
HIV-positive
people
c
provided IPT
2 227
Djibouti
(Number)
HIV-positive TB
b
patients on ART
59
12
20
Gabon
6 299
2 504
40
648
26
511
79
511
79
Gambia
2 583
2 169
84
429
20
381
89
205
48
Georgia
3 850
2 591
67
57
2.2
56
98
56
98
Germany
4 488
11 830
77
2 858
24
1 910
67
1 104
39
Ghana
Greece
15 276
106
519
Greenland
Grenada
Guam
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Iraq
56
55
98
0
0
3 224
2 782
86
245
8.8
228
93
228
93
11 734
7 383
63
1 815
25
1 768
97
1 353
75
2 288
1 510
66
561
37
282
50
149
27
648
587
91
148
25
135
91
103
70
44
15 963
13 968
88
2 588
19
1 630
63
1 396
54
22 038
2 820
2 479
88
256
10
203
79
210
82
249
448
851
8
88
1 683 915
1 034 712
61
44 171
4.3
41 066
93
39 800
90
324 539
15 074
4.6
2 355
16
963
41
624
26
10 395
3 009
29
272
55
20
100
37
8 341
3 925
47
Ireland
316
84
27
15
18
Israel
368
367
100
25
6.8
181
0
7
47
18
95
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
86
79
92
19
24
19 615
1 672
8.5
45
2.7
405
379
94
Kazakhstan
15 718
15 435
98
625
487
78
472
76
Kenya
89 294
84 423
95
30 002
36
29 735
99
26 142
87
Kiribati
432
223
52
0.45
100
100
Kuwait
734
393
54
0.25
100
100
118
53
112
51
Kyrgyzstan
7 423
4 350
3 390
78
Latvia
761
488
64
95
19
48
51
55
58
Lebanon
683
289
42
2.1
100
100
Lesotho
9 856
9 145
93
6 600
72
6 600
100
4 866
74
Liberia
2 726
2 801
100
402
14
214
53
112
28
Libya
1 185
1 142
96
54
4.7
Lithuania
1 607
1 135
71
36
3.2
Luxembourg
221
0
805
0
95
715
10
24
Madagascar
28 936
6 606
23
98
1.5
98
100
Malawi
17 723
16 445
93
8 844
54
7 995
90
8 162
92
135 013
Malaysia
24 711
21 698
88
1 468
6.8
109
7.4
453
31
2 063
Maldives
131
130
99
5 976
2 563
43
367
14
265
Mali
0
72
367
100
Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care
TABLE A4.8
Table A4.8
HIV
testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
HIV testing for TB patients, provision of CPT and ART to HIV-positive TB patients, and initiation of IPT for people
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
Total TB
patients
notified
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia (Federated States of)
TB patients with
known HIV status
HIV-positive TB
patients on CPTa
HIV-positve TB
patients
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
46
35
76
17
153
95
62
(Number)
HIV-positive TB
b
patients on ART
(%)
(Number)
(%)
HIV-positive
people
c
provided IPT
2 438
127
122
96
15
12
15
100
15
100
21 881
18 547
85
1 287
6.9
900
70
755
59
487
189
117
62
4 771
3 498
73
0.23
75
113
94
83
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Montserrat
75
6
0
Morocco
30 724
14 413
47
351
2.4
351
100
351
100
Mozambique
58 270
55 943
96
29 337
52
27 504
94
23 801
81
94 252
141 957
56 133
40
6 412
11
4 666
73
2 319
36
2 997
9 882
9 088
92
3 994
44
3 940
99
3 360
84
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
37 025
3 254
8.8
369
11
823
424
52
23
5.4
45
2
0.91
Netherlands
New Caledonia
0
273
74
29
13
302
220
73
2 839
2 185
77
Niger
11 102
7 056
64
485
6.9
76
16
111
23
Nigeria
91 354
84 161
92
16 066
19
14 569
91
11 997
75
26
26
100
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
78
0
0
358
358
100
0.84
100
100
316 577
10 715
3.4
90
0.84
90
100
90
100
14
11
79
1 528
1 520
99
123
8.1
117
95
28 567
7 218
25
781
11
246
31
484
62
1 899
79
189
10
114
60
165
87
23 280
74
1 385
5.9
578
42
913
66
1 126
108
0.2
20
19
53
49
33
33
53 354
20
13
0.19
Portugal
2 226
1 432
64
221
15
44
39
89
15
465
460
99
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
2 415
6 698
Republic of Korea
43 088
4 636
4 426
95
338
7.6
15 906
10 927
69
312
2.9
281
136 168
67 425
140
41
90
278
89
6 024
5 944
99
1 497
25
1 473
98
1 297
87
57
25
100
100
Saint Lucia
100
17
100
100
6
0
23
158
5 251
Samoa
26 383
31 461
267 436
Qatar
130
325
Poland
Puerto Rico
43
0
3
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
158
158
100
28
18
3 336
1 781
53
63
3.5
13 647
11 305
83
831
7.4
1 832
127
6.9
6.3
28
100
28
100
791
95
708
85
1 332
100
13
13
100
7.7
100
12 721
11 048
87
1 305
12
816
63
887
68
2 171
1 827
84
50
2.7
Slovakia
336
308
92
Slovenia
144
110
76
Solomon Islands
Somalia
346
45
13
13 130
7 714
59
248
3.2
166
1 339
0
67
111
45
226
Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care
TABLE A4.8
Table A4.8
HIV
and
ART
to to
HIV-positive
TBTB
patients,
andand
initiation
of IPT
for for
people
HIV testing
testing for
for TB
TBpatients,
patients,provision
provisionofofCPT
CPT
and
ART
HIV-positive
patients,
initiation
of IPT
people
newly
enrolled
in
HIV
care,
2014
newly enrolled in HIV care, 2014
TB patients with
known HIV status
HIV-positive TB
patients on CPTa
HIV-positve TB
patients
HIV-positive TB
b
patients on ART
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
(Number)
(%)
HIV-positive
people
c
provided IPT
318 193
295 136
93
179 756
61
155 017
86
141 755
79
551 787
South Sudan
8 856
5 892
67
752
13
713
95
463
62
Spain
5 048
3 191
63
233
7.3
Sri Lanka
9 473
7 418
78
21
0.28
18
86
20 392
5 501
27
329
Total TB
patients
notified
South Africa
Sudan
18
86
147
45
Suriname
158
154
97
44
29
27
61
32
73
Swaziland
5 616
5 430
97
3 972
73
3 904
98
3 123
79
1 188
280
Sweden
Switzerland
670
473
3 576
Tajikistan
6 260
5 656
90
161
2.8
156
97
128
80
Thailand
71 618
50 670
71
6 831
13
4 359
64
4 691
69
285
171
60
0.58
100
100
Timor-Leste
3 778
2 054
54
24
1.2
24
100
24
100
Togo
2 577
2 511
97
523
21
465
89
396
76
Tokelau
Tonga
0
13
13
100
293
289
99
71
25
17
24
40
56
Tunisia
3 173
2 317
73
12
0.52
12
100
Turkey
13 378
9 344
70
45
0.48
13
29
28
62
100
100
Turkmenistan
Turks and Caicos Islands
0
54
2 887
3
33
100
15
15
100
Uganda
46 171
43 883
95
19 612
45
19 211
98
15 877
81
Ukraine
40 302
39 057
97
7 640
20
3 350
44
4 273
56
16 263
61
42
69
4.8
100
50
19 388
97
16 564
83
23 124
Tuvalu
US Virgin Islands
7 077
5 552
78
63 151
57 612
91
20 055
35
9 407
8 217
87
504
6.1
888
809
91
132
16
73
55
68
52
22 804
22 347
98
780
3.5
615
79
354
45
112
48
43
2 438
6 615
4 613
70
482
10
166
34
398
83
102 087
74 092
73
3 875
5.2
2 936
76
2 827
73
43
43
100
Yemen
9 693
1 133
12
22
1.9
Zambia
42 716
39 763
93
24 198
61
21 929
91
17 611
73
Zimbabwe
32 016
28 508
89
19 290
68
18 200
94
16 522
86
30 420
WHO regions
African Region
1 342 259
1 064 310
79
415 657
39
360 015
89
317 773
77
875 886
228 460
169 125
74
21 915
13
5 720
52
7 132
63
28 556
465 677
67 624
15
1 629
2.4
686
67
943
63
478
European Region
329 270
205 859
63
16 445
8.2
5 452
53
6 279
58
21 014
2 580 605
1 171 258
45
60 235
5.1
51 141
85
47 801
79
3 049
1 375 572
552 040
40
12 657
2.3
4 271
59
8 453
68
3 680
Global
6 321 843
3 230 216
51
528 538
16
427 285
87
388 381
77
932 663
aa CPT
Cotrimoxazole preventive
CPT ==Cotrimoxazole
preventivetherapy
therapy.
bb ART = Anti-retroviral therapy.
ART = Anti-retroviral therapy
cc Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care.
Initiation of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for people newly enrolled in HIV care