Final Memo 4

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Wheelchair!Snow!Shovel!Attachment!
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Advisor:!Dr.!Rahul!Rai!
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MAE!451!
Group!#!8!!
Final!Delivery!
December!11,!2015!
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Prepared!By:!
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Dan!Chelius!
Emilie!Reynolds!
Garrett!Rice!
Dwight!Robinson!
Paul!Stathis!!
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Table&of&Contents&&
Memo&4&
Abstract........4!
1.0! Problem!Statement.!!5!
2.0! Prototyping...5M10!
3.0! MAE!494!Design!Problem11M16!
3.1! Background.!11!
3.2! Objective!.11!
3.3! Mission!Statement..12!
3.4! Customer!Requirements!...13!
3.4.1! Survey!..12!
3.4.2! Survey!Results!13!
3.4.3! Needs!Statements!..13M14!
3.4.4! Needs!Hierarchy!14M15!
3.4.5! Kano!Model..15!
3.5! Notes.16!
3.6! Plans.!16!
4.0! Meeting!Minutes!..16M17!
List!of!Figures!
1.!Ball!Crossbar!Engineering!Drawing.9!
2.!MakerBot!Replicator!3D!Printer....10!
3.!Scaling!down!part!in!MakerBot!software....10!
4.!MakerBot!True!Blue!ABS!Filament..11!
5.!3D!Printing!Process!(1)!.11!
9.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(1)!....12!
10.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(2)!..13!
11.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(3)!......13!
12.Current!Standard!Pitching!Machine...14!
13.!Pitching!motion!we!are!trying!to!achieve!.15!
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List!of!Tables!
1.!Mission!Statement!Criteria....12!
2.!Survey!Feedback!Parsing....!13M14!
3.!Needs!Hierarchy.....!15!
Appendix!
A.! Survey!18M22!
B.! Survey!Results!.!23M29!
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Memo&1&
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Abstract!..4!
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1.0!!!Project!Motivation...5!
2.0!!!Customer!Needs..5!
3.0!!!!Current!Devices!..9!
4.0!!!Patent!Search!.15!
5.0!!!!Ergonomics!20!
6.0!!!!QFD!Analysis!.....21!
7.0!!!!Materials!.....23!
8.0!!!!Product!Design!Specification...24!
9.0!!!!Project!Schedule!!...26!
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List!of!Figures!
1.! Needs!Hierarchy!Classification......8!
2.! Kano!Model.......8!
3.! FreeWheel!Wheelchair!Attachment......10!
4.! Invacare!Pronto!P31!Power!Wheelchair...10!
5.! Ripchair!3.0.......11!
6.! TwoMStage!Electric!Start!Gas!Snow!Blower......11!
7.! 2013!Honda!Foreman!ES!(ATV!with!plow).12!
8.! Truck!with!plow..12!
9.! 18!in.!Mountain!Mower!Snow!Shovel......13!
10.! !Heated!Driveway.......13!
11.! Rock!Salt...14!
12.! Example!Plowing!Service..14!
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List!of!Tables!!
1.!!!Needs!Statements..6!
2.!!!Patent!Research!Discoveries....15!
3.!!!Material!Requirement......23!!
Appendix!!
A.!!Customer!Need!Survey!Documents!..28!
B.!!!Patent!Documents.!........34!
C.!!!Team!Meeting!Minutes.!.......43!
Memo&2&
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Abstract!...4!
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1.0!!!!Project!Motivation...5!
2.0!!!!Customer!Needs..5!
3.0!!!!Current!Devices!..9!
4.0!!!!Patent!Search!.15!
5.0!!!!Ergonomics!20!
6.0!!!!QFD!Analysis!.....21!
7.0!!!!Materials!.....23!
8.0!!!!Product!Design!Specification...24!
9.0!!!!Project!Schedule!!...26!
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List!of!Figures!
1.! Needs!Hierarchy!Classification......8!
2.! Kano!Model.......8!
3.! FreeWheel!Wheelchair!Attachment......10!
4.! Invacare!Pronto!P31!Power!Wheelchair...10!
5.! Ripchair!3.0.......11!
6.! TwoMStage!Electric!Start!Gas!Snow!Blower.......11!
7.! 2013!Honda!Foreman!ES!(ATV!with!plow).!12!
8.! Truck!with!plow....12!
9.! 18!in.!Mountain!Mower!Snow!Shovel........13!
10.! !Heated!Driveway.........13!
11.! Rock!Salt.....14!
12.! Example!Plowing!Service....14!
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List!of!Tables!!
1.!!!Needs!Statements....6!
2.!!!Patent!Research!Discoveries......15!
3.!!!Material!Requirement........23!!
Appendix!!
A.!!Customer!Need!Survey!Documents!..28!
B.!!!Patent!Documents.!........34!
C.!!Team!Meeting!Minutes.!.......43!
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Memo&3&
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Abstract........4!
1.0! !!!Problem!Statement...!5!
2.0! !!!Embodiment!Design5M18!
2.1! Product!Architecture..5M7!
2.2!!Configuration!Design....7M9!
2.2! !Parametric!Design.9M18!
3.0! Detailed!Design...18M31!
4.0! Bill!of!Material..32!
5.0!Make/Buy!Decisions33!
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List!of!Figures!
1:!Function!Structure!Diagram......6!
2:!Product!Architecture!Mapping!Diagram.6!!
3:!Configuration!Model!I!Diagram....7!
4:!Configuration!Model!II!Diagram..8!!
5:!Configuration!Model!III!Diagram.8!
6:!3D!Assembled!Model!with!Wheelchair..18!
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Appendix!
C.! Meeting!Minutes..34M37!
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Wheelchair!Snow!Shovel!Attachment!
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Advisor:!Dr.!Rahul!Rai!
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MAE!451!
Group!#!8!!
Memo!4!
December!11,!2015!
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Prepared!By:!
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Dan!Chelius!
Emilie!Reynolds!
Garrett!Rice!
Dwight!Robinson!
Paul!Stathis!!
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MAE!451!|!Memo!4!|!Group!8!
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Table!of!Contents!
Abstract........4!
1.0! Problem!Statement.!!5!
2.0! Prototyping..5L10!
3.0! MAE!494!Design!Problem11L16!
3.1! Background!11!
3.2! Objective!.11!
3.3! Mission!Statement..12!
3.4! Customer!Requirements!...13!
3.4.1! Survey!..12!
3.4.2! Survey!Results!13!
3.4.3! Needs!Statements!..13L14!
3.4.4! Needs!Hierarchy!14L15!
3.4.5! Kano!Model..15!
3.5! Notes.16!
3.6! Plans.!16!
4.0! Meeting!Minutes!.16L17!
List!of!Figures!
1.!Ball!Crossbar!Engineering!Drawing.9!
2.!MakerBot!Replicator!3D!Printer....10!
3.!Scaling!down!part!in!MakerBot!software....10!
4.!MakerBot!True!Blue!ABS!Filament..11!
9.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(1)!....12!
10.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(2)!..13!
11.!3D!Printed!Crossbar!(3)!......13!
12.Current!Standard!Pitching!Machine...14!
13.!Pitching!motion!we!are!trying!to!achieve!.15!
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List!of!Tables!
1.!Mission!Statement!Criteria....12!
2.!Survey!Feedback!Parsing....!13L14!
3.!Needs!Hierarchy.....!15!
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Appendix!
A.! Survey!18L22!
B.! Survey!Results!.!23L29!
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3!
Abstract!
The!fourth!and!final!memo!for!this!project!focuses!on!prototyping!and!more!specifically,!
3D!printing.!A!certain!component!was!selected!and!a!3D!printed!prototype!was!created!
using!a!MakerBot!3D!printer.!This!process!is!documented!thoroughly!and!explained!in!
detail.!Images!are!provided!to!aid!on!the!presentation!of!this!process.!Also!in!this!memo,!
is!material!related!to!the!MAE!494!project.!All!progress!made!on!this!project!is!included.!
This!progress!includes:!problem!definition,!mission!statement,!survey,!survey!responses,!
needs!statements,!needs!hierarchy!and!a!Kano!model.!The!plan!for!the!remainder!of!the!
project!is!also!outlined!in!detail.!The!first!three!memos!are!also!attached!in!the!appendix.!
This!document!will!act!as!the!final!compilation!for!this!project.!!
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1.0!Problem!Statement!!
The!goal!of!this!product!is!to!allow!a!manual!wheelchair!user!to!shovel!his/her!property!
in!a!hassle!free!manner.!
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2.0!Prototyping!!
If!a!picture!is!worth!a!thousand!words,!a!prototype!is!worth!1000!meetings.!!Saying!at!IDEO!
The! value! of! a! prototype! is! almost! immeasurable! in! the! context! of! the! design! process.!
Prototyping!is!an!essential!tool!for!producing!a!quality!product.!Prototypes!can!come!in!
all!sorts!of!shapes!and!sizes.!Be!it!cardboard!and!duck!tape!or!industrially!manufactured.!
Any!level!of!detail!will!provide!useful!information!such!as:!rough!geometric!volume!and!
size,!user!interface,!functionality,!practicality!and!much!more.!Prototypes!allow!for!the!
unavoidable!iterations!in!a!much!more!orderly!manner.!A!consumer!product!that!can!be!
found!on!a!shelf!went!through!many!design!alterations!and!changes!before!it!reached!
that!final!stage.!Prototypes!provide!the!designer!with!useful!feedback!that!is!necessary!to!
make!the!changes!and!bring!the!product!to!its!final!design.!!
In! the! case! of! our! snow! shovel! attachment! for! a! wheelchair,! we! knew! we! wanted! to!
prototype!certain!components!and!subassemblies!in!order!to!optimize!the!design!of!the!
product.!The!3D!printing!allowed!us!to!produce!a!physical!model!of!a!component!and!
extract!useful!information!from!that!model.!Due!to!both!time!and!money!constraints!we!
were!not!able!to!produce!a!prototype!of!the!entire!system,!instead!we!decided!to!chose!
one! component! to! prototype.! After! considering! different! components,! we! decided! to!
prototype!the!ball!crossbar.!This!is!one!of!the!more!integral!components!of!our!product,!
and!we!thought!it!would!be!useful!to!have!a!physical!representation!of!this!component,!
considering!its!importance.!The!engineering!drawing!of!this!component!is!displayed!on!
the!following!page.!!
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Figure!1:!Ball!Crossbar!Engineering!Drawing!
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The!3D!printer!available!to!use!in!the!lab!was!the!MakerBot!Replicator!(figure!2).!In!order!
to!print!our!component,!the!part!file!was!saved!as!an!STL!(sterolithography)!file.!Once!
we! uploaded! the! STL! file! to! the! MakerBot! software,! we! noticed! that! the! component!
would!not!be!able!to!print!due!to!the!overall!size!being!larger!then!the!platform!size!of!
the!printer.!To!solve!this!problem,!we!simply!scaled!the!part!down!to!the!appropriate!size!
for! the! printer.! In! the! end! we! ended! up! with! a! scaled! version! of! approximately! 3.36.!
Figure!3!shows!the!TA!helping!us!scale!our!component!down!to!the!appropriate!size.!!
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Figure!2:!MakerBot!Replicator!3D!Printer!!
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Figure!3:!Scaling!down!part!in!Makerbot!software!
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Once!the!part!was!scaled!down!to!the!appropriate!size,!the!actual!printing!began.!Our!
group!provide!the!necessary!filament!which!was!True!Blue!ABS!(figure!4).!The!filament!
was!feed!into!the!machine!for!the!printing.!!
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Figure!4:!MakerBot!True!Blue!ABS!Filament,!1.75mm!Diameter,!1!kg!Spool!
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The!following!images!capture!the!3D!printing!process:!
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!!Figure!5:!3D!Printing!Process!(1)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Figure!6:!3D!Printing!Process!(2)!
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Figure!7:!3D!Printing!Process!(3)!
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!!Figure!8:!3D!Printing!Process!(4)!
The!entire!printing!process!took!approximately!two!hours.!Once!our!part!was!finished!
we!picked!it!up!and!took!pictures!of!the!final!product:!!
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Figure!9:!3D!Printed!Ball!Crossbar!(1)!
Figure!10:!3D!Printed!Ball!Crossbar!(2)!!
Figure!11:!3D!Printed!Ball!Crossbar!(3)!!
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In!the!end!we!were!satisfied!with!the!prototype.!Of!course,!in!a!more!practical!setting!we!
would! want! to! prototype! the! entire! system! in! order! to! get! useful! feedback.! For! the!
purposes!of!this!project,!the!single!3D!printed!part!sufficed!and!gave!us!an!introduction!
into!the!3D!printing!and!prototyping!processes.!!
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10!
3.0!MAE!494!Design!Problem!!
3.1!Background!!
The!pitching!machine!is!a!common!training!device!used!for!baseball!and!softball.!
Balls! are! feed! into! the! machine! which! then! propels! the! ball! towards! the! batter.!
Different!pitching!speeds!and!pitch!types!can!be!achieved!depending!on!the!exact!
machine!being!used.!Pitching!machines!are!typically!used!during!batting!practice!
for!almost!every!skill!level.!The!main!downside!to!the!current!pitching!machines!is!
the!inability!to!simulate!an!actual!pitcher.!Below!is!an!example!of!the!most!common!
pitching!machine!on!the!market!today.!
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Figure!12:!Current!Standard!Pitching!Machine!!
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3.2!Objective!!
Our! new! pitching! machine! will! focus! on! creating! a! more! realistic! batting!
experience.!One!of!the!major!aspects!of!being!a!successful!batter!is!developing!the!
proper! timing! skills.! Every! pitcher! has! a! unique! windup! and! motion,! the! batter!
must!follow!the!ball!and!decide!when!to!load,!stride!and!swing.!This!sequence!is!
determined!by!the!pitchers!motion.!Our!pitching!machine!will!incorporate!some!
sort!of!arm!mechanism!that!provides!a!more!realistic!motion!and!allows!the!batter!
to!work!on!his/her!timing!skills.!!Below!is!an!example!of!a!pitching!sequence!that!
we!plan!to!incorporate!into!our!product.!
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Figure!13:!Pitching!motion!we!aim!to!simulate!
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3.3!Mission!Statement!!
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Practice!doesnt!make!perfect.!Perfect!practice!makes!perfect.!!L!Vince!Lombardi!
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The!goal!of!this!project!is!to!design!a!pitching!machine!that!better!simulates!the!batting!
experience.!Doing!this!will!provide!a!much!more!useful!tool!for!batting!practice.!While!
practicing,!it!is!important!to!simulate!a!realistic!pitching!experience!in!order!for!the!batter!
to!develop!the!proper!timing!skills.!
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Table!1:!Mission!Statement!Criteria!
Product!
Description!!
Benefit!
Proposition!
Primary!Market!!
Secondary!
Markets!
Assumptions!
An!innovative!baseball!pitching!machine!that!simulates!an!inL
game!pitcher!!
Provides!a!more!realistic!batting!experience!!
Little!League!players!(ages!5L10)!
Middle!School!to!High!School!players!(ages!12L18)!
Power!Assisted!or!Solely!Mechanical!!
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12!
3.4!Customer!Requirements!!!
In!order!to!generate!accurate!customer!requirements,!a!survey!was!created!in!order!to!
obtain! feedback! from! potential! end! users! of! the! product.! These! users! are! mostly! little!
league! baseball! coaches! and! fathers.! A! survey! was! generated! and! distributed! to! this!
group,!the!feedback!was!parsed,!a!needs!hierarchy!and!Kano!model!was!then!created.!!
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3.4.1!Survey!!
The!generated!survey!can!be!found!in!Appendix!I.!
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3.4.2!Survey!Results!!
The!results!of!the!survey!can!be!found!in!Appendix!II.!
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3.4.3!Needs!Statements!!
Table!2:!Survey!Feedback!Parsing!!
Survey!Comments!
Needs!Statement!!
I!have!an!arm!action!pitching!machine.!For!practice!
for!most!families!it!really!needs!to!require!no!power!as!
most!will!need!to!take!it!to!a!field.!Switching!angles!and!
speed!with!the!UPM!is!a!little!tedious.!It!would!be!
helpful!if!there!was!a!machine!that!easily!allowed!
changing!settings!without!pulling!pins!in!and!out!etc.!
The!PM!is!cordless!and!portable.!
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The!PM!settings!related!to!
varying!the!height!and!distance!
of!a!thrown!ball!are!easy!to!
change!(ideally,!no!need!to!pull!
pins).!
I!feel!that!anything!that!could!be!developed!that!would! The!PM!has!realistic!pitcher!
simulate!the!actual!arm!movement!of!a!pitcher!would!be! simulation.!
of!help.!
I!think!most!portable!pitching!machines!release!point!
is!too!low!to!simulate!a!real!pitching!motion!in!12+!
players.!
The!PM!has!realistic!pitcher!
simulation.!
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13!
Realistic!release!point!for!
all!age!levels!!
I!think!one!of!the!issues!with!a!pitching!machine!is!
that!itMs!difficult!for!kids!to!see!the!ball.!What!I!mean!by! simulation.!!
this,!is!that!a!human!pitcher,!you!see!the!ball!in!the!
! Batter!can!track!the!ball!
pitcherMs!hand!once!he!starts!his!release.!A!machine!
throughout!pitching!
shoots!the!ball!and!the!first!time!you!see!it,!is!when!it!
motion!
leaves!the!machine.!
The!problem!is!there!is!nothing!to!simulate!the!
pitcherMs!motion!
simulation.!!!
I!think!that!current!machines!are!missing!the!key!
components!of!learning!to!hit!a!pitched!ball.!Batters!
simulation.!!
need!to!learn!how!to!develop!timing!from!a!pitchers!arm!
! Batter!can!track!the!ball!
motion!and!hand!release!point!to!gage!when!and!where!
throughout!pitching!
to!swing!the!bat.!
motion!!
Something!that!helps!the!timing!of!the!kids!to!the!
swing.!Something!that!does!not!take!so!long!to!
disburse.!
simulation.!
Conclusion!!
From!the!survey!feedback,!it!is!clear!that!the!main!concern!is!with!creating!a!more!
realistic!batting!experience.!Simplicity!and!portability!are!two!secondary!needs.!!
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3.4.4!Needs!Hierarchy!!
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Figure!10:!Survey!Question!Feedback!
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Table!3:!Needs!Hierarchy!!
Better!Pitcher!Simulation!! 84%! Primary!Needs!
Types!of!Pitches!
Cordless!
44%! !
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44%!
Secondary!Needs!
Portability!
40%!
Ease!of!Use!
36%!
Maximum!Speed!
12%! !
Tertiary!Needs!
Weight!of!Machine!
8%
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3.4.5!Kano!Model!!
Basic!
1.! PM!pitches!ball!
2.! PM!is!structurally!sound!
3.! PM!is!safe!
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Performance!(Linear)!
1.! PM!is!user!friendly!
2.! PM!is!portable!!
3.! PM!offers!different!types!of!
pitches!!
4.! Pm!offers!different!speeds!!
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!Figure!11:!
Kano!Model!
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Excitement!! !
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1.! PM!provides!realistic!batting!experience!
2.! Provide!batter!feedback!(ie.!what!pitches!and!locations!he/she!struggles!with!
(long!shot!idea))!
3.5!Notes!
This!project!originated!in!the!UB!Design!Club,!under!the!supervision!of!Dr.!Olewnik.!I!
(Dan!Chelius)!worked!with!Dr.!Olewnik!this!past!summer!on!the!first!two!steps!of!the!
design!process!(Problem!definition!and!Requirements!Definition).!A!problem!statement!
and!mission!statement!were!both!established.!A!survey!was!generated!and!distributed.!
The!survey!feedback!was!parsed!and!a!needs!hierarchy!was!developed!in!order!to!create!
a!customer!requirements!list.!The!next!step!is!to!develop!engineering!specifications,!and!
move!towards!a!conceptual!design.!!
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3.6!Plans!!
The!next!step!for!this!project!is!going!to!be!defining!the!engineering!specifications.!This!
will! require! significant! research! into! mechanism! design! in! order! to! find! the! optimal!
mechanism! for! our! project.! Once! this! is! completed,! the! concept! generation! can!
commence.!The!goal!is!to!have! a!conceptual!design!in!place!by!the!start!of!the!Spring!
semester.!Meeting!this!goal!will!require!work!over!the!Winter!break,!which!we!plan!to!
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do.! If! all! goes! according! to! plan,! the! Spring! semester! will! be! focused! on! embodiment!
design!and!prototyping.!!
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4.0!Meeting!Minutes!
Date:!12/2/15!
Time:!12:30!pm!!
Location:!Furnas!1018!
Attendees:!
1.! Dan!Chelius!
2.! Dwight!Robinson!
3.! Paul!Stathis!
4.! Emilie!Reynolds!
5.! Garrett!Rice!
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Agenda!!
Item!
Action!
1.! Decide!on!component!to!3D!print!
! Ball!Crossbar!
2.! Obtain!Filament!
! Dwight!is!sharing!filament!with!friend!!
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Date:!12/6/15!
Time:!3:00!pm!!
Location:!Bell!242!
Attendees:!
1.! Dan!Chelius!
2.! Dwight!Robinson!
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Agenda!!
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Item!
Action!
1.! 3D!Print!Part!
! Part!was!3D!Printed!in!Bell!
2.! Take!Pictures!
! Dan!took!pictures!on!iphone!!
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Date:!12/8/15!
Time:!3:00!pm!!
Location:!Bell!242!
Attendees:!
1.! Dan!Chelius!
2.! Emilie!Reynolds!
Agenda!!
Item!
1.! Compile!Memo!4!
Action!
! Dan!compiled!Memo!4!
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Appendix!I:!494!Survey!
12/8/2015
Pitching Machine Survey
PitchingMachineSurvey
WeareagroupofengineeringstudentsfromtheUniversityatBuffaloworkingonaprojectforour
designclub.Weareinterestedindesigninganddevelopinganinnovativepitchingmachinefor
baseball/softballplayersofvariousages.Thegoaloftheprojectistocreateapitchingmachine
whichbettersimulatesanactualpitcherandproducesamorerealisticbattingexperience.We
areintheearlystagesofdesignandarelookingforfeedbackandcommentsinordertobetter
definetherequirementsofourdesign.Yourparticipationisgreatlyappreciated.
*Required
1. Whatlevel(s)ofBaseball/Softballareyouinvolvedwithorhavebeeninvolvedwith?*
Chooseallthatmayapply
Checkallthatapply.
TeeBall(ages46)
MinorLeagueLittleLeague(ages711)
MajorLeagueLittleLeague(ages912)
JuniorLeague(ages1214)
BigLeague(ages1518)
MiddleSchoolTeam
HighSchoolJVTeam
HighSchoolVarsityTeam
TravelTeam
CollegeTeam
Other:
2. Whenhaveyouexperiencedtheuseofapitchingmachine?*
Chooseallthatmayapply
Checkallthatapply.
IndoorBattingPractice
OutdoorBattingPractice
IndoorFieldingPractice
OutdoorFieldingPractice
GamePlay
Never
Other:
https://docs.google.com/a/buffalo.edu/forms/d/1zdbyeuoH5j3Vfu6zLDSlIpO4loilxwKT3pWSpRcQKIo/edit
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Appendix!II:!494!Survey!Results!
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Final Memo 4

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Pitching Machine Survey

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