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TAMAYO v.

PASCUA (1965)
Petitioner: Benito Tamayo
Respondent: Juan Pascua and Royal Bus Co., Inc.
Ponente: Esguerra, J.

HELD: YES, there was a contract of carriage.

DOCTRINE: see ratio


FACTS:
1. This is an action for damages filed by Tamayo against Royal Bus,
Inc., and Pascua, the driver of the bus.
2. A Royal bus was moving slowly as it approached an island where
several persons are waiting for transportation, one of whom was
Tamayo.
3. In view of the slow pace of the bus, which was a sign that it will pick
up passengers from the island, Tamayo, with a jacket on his left arm,
boarded the bus. According to the patrolmans testimony, he held the
handle at the entrance, placed his two feet on the first step of the
running board, and then suddenly the bus increased speed and
caused Tamayo to lose his balance and to fall on the ground.
4. The trial court dismissed the complaint on the ground that there was
no contract of carriage between Tamayo and Royal Bus.
a. There was no offer and acceptance. Since plaintiff boarded
the bus without signalling to the driver, the lower court held
that there was no failure on the part of the driver to exercise
diligence to insure the safety of Tamayo.
ISSUE: WON there was a contract of carriage between Royal Bus and
Tamayo

The patrolmans testimony shows that there was a contract of


carriage because of the concurrence of offer on the part of Tamayo
and acceptance on the part of Royal Bus to take him as a passenger
when the bus slowed down, apparently in the act of allowing and
enabling Tamayo to board it.
Although the bus did not make a complete stop, the fact that it
slowed down to a turtle pace was an indication that people on
the island could board it as a public carrier. It is enough that it
slows to a negligible speed, allowing people to board it without
danger to their lives and limbs.
Under such circumstances, it is the drivers duty to see to it that
every person who wants to board the bus is safe inside before
picking up speed and moving forward.
If the accident was caused by the carelessness of the driver by
accelerating his speed without making sure that he was safely inside
the bus, the driver was negligent and the defendant company is
liable as a common carrier under Art.1759 of the Civil Code.
This liability does not cease upon proof that Royal Bus, as employer,
exercised all the diligence of a good father of a family in the selection
and supervision of its employees. This defense is available only in
quasi-delict.

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