ch09 Sec1 Revised
ch09 Sec1 Revised
Section 1
Chapter 9
The Human Population
Section1, Studying Human Populations
DAY ONE
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CFU
1. What is Demography and why do you think it is
important?
2. What is the difference between Developed Countries
and Developing Countries?
3. Which one do you live in and how do you know that?
4. Name one other country that is not like yours and how
do you know that it is a developed or developing
country?
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1. What is exponential growth?
2. When and why did the human population experience
this?
3. Do you think this is a good thing or a bad thing and
why?
Age Structure
Age structure is the classification of
members of a population into groups
according to age or the distribution of
members of a population in terms of age
groups and helps demographers make
predictions.
Countries that have high rates of growth
usually have more young people than
older people.
In contrast, countries that have slow
growth or no growth usually have an even
distribution of ages in the population.
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Age Structure
Age structure can be graphed
in a population pyramid, a
type of double sided bar graph.
The figure on the right shows
typical age structures for
countries that have different
rates of growth.
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CFU
1. What is an age structure?
2. How are they graphed?
3. What do you think the United State graph would look
like and why?
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Warm UP 4/6/16
1. What is the difference between Developed Countries
and Developing Countries?
2. Which one do you live in and how do you know that?
3. What is exponential growth? When and why did the
human population experience this?
4. Do you think this is a good thing or a bad thing and
why?
5. What is an age structure? How are they graphed?
Survivorship
Survivorship is the
percentage of newborn
individuals in a population that
can be expected to survive to
a given age.
It is used as another way to
predict population trends.
To predict survivorship,
demographers study a group
of people born at the same
time and notes when each
member of the group dies.
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Survivorship
The results of these studies
are then plotted on a graph
and might look like one of the
types of survivorship graphs.
With your Partner answer these
2 questions:
What do you notice about the
graph?
What do you think these lines
represent?
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Survivorship
Wealthy developed countries such as Japan
and Germany currently have a Type I
survivorship curve because most people live to
be very old.
Type II populations have a similar death rate at
all ages.
Type III survivorship is the pattern in very poor
human populations in which many children die.
Both Type I and Type III may result in
populations that remain the same size or
grow slowly.
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Fertility Rates
A fertility rate is the number of births
(usually per year) per 1,000 women of
childbearing age (usually 15 to 44).
Replacement level is the average
number of children each parent must
have in order to replace themselves.
This number is slightly more than 2
because not all children born will
survive and reproduce.
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Fertility Rates
A graph of historical fertility rates for the United States is
shown on the next slide.
In 1972, the total fertility dropped below replacement
level for the first time in US History.
Fertility rates remained below replacement level for most
of the 1990s, but recently has been growing partly
because the children of the baby boom grew up and had
children.
Fertility Rates
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CFU
1. What is fertility rate?
2. What is Replacement level?
3. Why do you think the fertility rate in the U.S. dropped
below the replacement level?
4. Where do you think the fertility rate is today and why?
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Migration
Migration in general, is any
movement of individuals or
populations from one location to
another.
Movement into an area is
immigration and movement out of
an area is emigration.
The populations of many developed
countries might be decreasing if not
for immigration.
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Life Expectancy
Life expectancy is the average length
of time that an individual is expected to
live.
Life expectancy is most affected by
infant mortality, the death rate of
infants less than a year old.
Expensive medical care is not needed
to prevent infant deaths. Infant health is
more affected by the parents access to
education, food, fuel, and clean water.
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Life Expectancy
The graph shows that
average life expectancy
worldwide has increased
to more than 67 years old.
But, new threats, such as
tuberculosis and AIDS are
arising as populations
become denser.
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Summary
Write an 8 sentences summing up the section on the back
of the notes.