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  • Clinical Evaluation of Dehydration

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    Ericka Lyn Arenas Monzon
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    The document describes three levels of dehydration - mild, moderate, and severe. Mild dehydration involves less than 5% fluid loss in infants or 3% in older children/adults, with normal pulse and physical findings but decreased urine output and thirst. Moderate dehydration involves 5-10% fluid loss in infants or 3-6% in older children/adults, along with tachycardia, little urine output, and lethargy/irritability. Severe dehydration involves over 10% fluid loss in infants or 6% in older children/adults and shows rapid, weak pulses and decreased blood pressure, among other concerning symptoms. The document also outlines approaches to re

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    dehydration- nelson

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    The document describes three levels of dehydration - mild, moderate, and severe. Mild dehydration involves less than 5% fluid loss in infants or 3% in older children/adults, with normal pulse and physical findings but decreased urine output and thirst. Moderate dehydration involves 5-10% fluid loss in infants or 3-6% in older children/adults, along with tachycardia, little urine output, and lethargy/irritability. Severe dehydration involves over 10% fluid loss in infants or 6% in older children/adults and shows rapid, weak pulses and decreased blood pressure, among other concerning symptoms. The document also outlines approaches to re

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    424 views5 pages

    Clinical Evaluation of Dehydration

    Uploaded by

    Ericka Lyn Arenas Monzon
    The document describes three levels of dehydration - mild, moderate, and severe. Mild dehydration involves less than 5% fluid loss in infants or 3% in older children/adults, with normal pulse and physical findings but decreased urine output and thirst. Moderate dehydration involves 5-10% fluid loss in infants or 3-6% in older children/adults, along with tachycardia, little urine output, and lethargy/irritability. Severe dehydration involves over 10% fluid loss in infants or 6% in older children/adults and shows rapid, weak pulses and decreased blood pressure, among other concerning symptoms. The document also outlines approaches to re

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Clinical Evaluation of Dehydration

    • Mild dehydration
    – (<5% in infant; <3% older child/adult)
    – Normal or increased pulse
    – Decreased urine output; thirsty; normal physical
    findings

    Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , 18th Edition


    Clinical Evaluation of Dehydration
    • Moderate dehydration
    – 5-10% infant; 3-6% older child/adult
    – Tachycardia
    – Little or no urine output;
    – Irritable/lethargic
    – Sunken eyes and fontanel
    – Decreased tears
    – Dry mucus membranes
    – Mild delay in elasticity (skin turgor)
    – Delayed capillary refill (>1.5 sec)
    – Cool and pale
    Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , 18th Edition
    Clinical Evaluation of Dehydration
    • Severe Dehydration
    – >10% in infant; >6%in older child/adult
    – Rapid and weak or absent peripheral pulses
    – Decreased blood pressure
    – No urine output
    – Very sunken eyes and fontanel
    – No tears
    – Parched mucous membranes
    – Delayed elasticity (poor skin turgor)
    – Very delayed capillary refill (>3 sec)
    – Cold and mottled
    – Limp & depressed consciousness
    Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , 18th Edition
    Approach to Dehydration
    • Restore intravascular volume
    – Normal saline 20 mL/kg over 20 min
    • Rapid volume repletion
    – 20 mL/kg Normal saline or ringer lactate over 2 hour
    • Calculate 24–hour fluid needs
    • Subtract isotonic fluid already administered from
    24 hr fluid needs
    • Administer remaining volume over 24 hr using D5
    ½ normal saline + 20 mEq/L KCl
    • Replace ongoing losses as they occur
    Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , 18th Edition
    Monitoring Therapy
    • Vital signs
    – Pulse and blood pressure
    • Intake and output
    – Fluid balance
    – Urine output and sp. Gravity
    • Physical exam
    – Weight and clinical signs of depletion or overload
    • Electrolytes
    Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics , 18th Edition

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