Cramsheet (Exam Cram Nclex PN)
Cramsheet (Exam Cram Nclex PN)
*Information included in laboratory test may vary slightly according to methods used . LDH: 100190 U/L . CPK: 21232 U/L . Uric acid: 3.57.5 mg/dL . Triglyceride: 4050 mg/dL . Total cholesterol: 130200 mg/dL . Bilirubin: < 1.0 mg/dL . Variable decelerationsAre noted as V-shaped on the monitoring strip. Variable decelerations can occur anytime during monitoring of the fetus. They are caused by cord compression. The intervention is to change the mothers position; if pitocin is infusing, stop the infusion; apply oxygen; and increase the rate of IV fluids. Contact the doctor if the problem persists. . Late decelerationsOccur after the peak of the contraction and mirror the contraction in length and intensity. These are caused by uteroplacental insuffiency. The intervention is to change the mothers position; if pitocin is infusing, stop the infusion; apply oxygen;, and increase the rate of IV fluids. Contact the doctor if the problem persists. 21. TORCHS syndrome in the neonateThis is a combination of diseases. These include toxoplasmosis, rubella (German measles), cytomegalovirus, herpes, and syphyllis. Pregnant nurses should not be assigned to care for the client with toxoplasmosis or cytomegalovirus. 22. STOPThis is the treatment for maternal hypotension after an epidural anesthesia: 1. Stop pitocin if infusing. 2. Turn the client on the left side. 3. Administer oxygen. 4. If hypovolemia is present, push IV fluids. 23. Anticoagulant therapy and monitoring . Coumadin (sodium warfarin) PT: 1012 sec. (control). . Antidote: The antidote for Coumadin is vitamin K. . Heparin/Lovenox/Dalteparin PTT: 3045 sec. (control). . Antidote: The antidote for Heparin is protamine sulfate. . Therapeutic level: It is important to maintain a bleeding time that is slightly prolonged so that clotting will not occur; therefore, the bleeding time with mediication should be 1 1/22 times the control. *The control is the premedication bleeding time. 24. Rule of nines for calculating TBSA for burns . Head = 9% . Arms = 18% (9% each) . Back = 18% . Legs = 36% (18% each) . Genitalia = 1%
. Protein: 6.28.1 g/dL . Albumin: 3.45.0 g/dL 16. Therapeutic drug levels . Digoxin: 0.52.0 ng/ml . Lithium: 0.81.5 mEq/L . Dilantin: 1020 mcg/dL . Theophylline: 1020 mcg/dL 17. Vital signs (adult) . Heart rate: 80100 . Respiratory rate: 1220 . Blood pressure: 110120 (systolic); 6090 (diastolic) . Temperature: 98.6 ?/1 18. Maternity normals . FHR: 120160 BPM. . Variability: 610 BPM. . Contractions: normal frequency 25 minutes apart; normal duration < 90 sec.; intensity < 100 mm/hg. . Amniotic fluid: 5001200 ml (nitrozine urine-litmus paper green/amniotic fluidlitmus paper blue). . Apgar scoring: A = appearance, P = pulses, G = grimace, A = activity, R = reflexes (Done at 1 and 5 minutes with a score of 0 for absent, 1 for decreased, and 2 for strongly positive.) . AVA: The umbilical cord has two arteries and one vein (Arteries carry deoxygenated blood. The vein carries oxygenated blood.) 19. FAB 9Folic acid = B9. Hint: B stands for brain (decreases the incidence of neural tube defects); the client should begin taking B9 three months prior to becoming pregnant. 20. Abnormalities in the laboring obstetric client Decelerations are abnormal findings on the fetal monitoring strip. Decelerations are classified as . Early decelerationsBegin prior to the peak of the contraction and end by the end of the contraction. They are caused by head compression. There is no need for intervention if the variability is within normal range (that is, there is a rapid return to the baseline fetal heart rate) and the fetal heart rate is within normal range.
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This cram sheet contains the distilled, key facts about the licensure exam. Review this information just before you enter the testing center, paying special attention to those areas where you feel you need the most review. You can transfer any of these facts from your head onto a blank sheet provided by the testing center. We also recommend reading the glossary as a last-minute cram tool before entering the testing center. Good luck.
11. Make an educated guessIf you are unsure after carefully reading the question and all the answers, choose C or the answer with the most information.
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. Cox 2 enzyme blocker drugs: Celecoxib (Celebrex), valdecoxib (Bextra) . Histamine 2 antagonist drugs: Cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), nizatidine (Axid), rantidine (Zantac) . Proton pump inhibitors: Esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid), pantoprazole (Protonix), rabeprazole (AciPhex) . Anticoagulant drugs: Heparin sodium (Hepalean), enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox), dalteparin sodium (Fragmin) 40. Drug schedules . Schedule IResearch use only (example LSD) . Schedule IIRequires a written prescription (example Ritalin) . Schedule IIIRequires a new prescription after six months or five refills (example codeine) . Schedule IVRequires a new prescription after six months (example Darvon) . Schedule VDispensed as any other prescription or without prescription if state law allows (example antitussives) 41. Medication classifications commonly used in a medical/surgical setting . AntacidsReduce hydrochloric acid in the stomach . AntianemicsIncrease red blood cell production . AnticholenergicsDecrease oral secretions . AnticoagulantsPrevent clot formation . AnticonvulsantsUsed for management of seizures/bipolar disorder . AntidiarrhealsDecrease gastric motility and reduce water in bowel . AntihistaminesBlock the release of histamine . AntihypertensivesLower blood pressure and increase blood flow . Anti-infectivesUsed for the treatment of infections . BronchodilatorsDilate large air passages in asthma/lung disease . DiureticsDecrease water/sodium from the Loop of Henle . LaxativesPromote the passage of stool . MioticsConstrict the pupils . MydriaticsDilate the pupils . Narcotics/analgesicsRelieve moderate to severe pain
*The generic name is listed first with the trade name in parentheses.
. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibiting agents: Benazepril (Lotensin), lisinopril (Zestril), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), moexipril (Univas), quinapril (Acupril), ramipril (Altace) . Beta adrenergic blockers: Acebutolol (Monitan, Rhotral, Sectral), atenolol (Tenormin, Apo-Atenol, Nova-Atenol), esmolol (Brevibloc), metaprolol (Alupent, Metaproterenol), propanolol (Inderal) . Anti-infective drugs: Gentamicin (Garamycin, Alcomicin, Genoptic), kanamycin (Kantrex), neomycin (Mycifradin), streptomycin (Streptomycin), tobramycin (Tobrex, Nebcin), amikacin (Amikin) . Benzodiazepine drugs: Clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), lorazepam (Ativan), flurazepam (Dalmane) . Phenothiazine drugs: Chlopromazine (Thorazine), prochlorperazine (Compazine), trifluoperazine (Stelazine), promethazine (Phenergan), hydroxyzine (Vistaril), fluphenazine (Prolixin) . Glucocorticoid drugs: Prednisolone (Delta-Cortef, Prednisol, Prednisolone), prednisone (Apo-Prednisone, Deltasone, Meticorten, Orasone, Panasol-S), betamethasone (Celestone, Selestoject, Betnesol), dexamethasone (Decadron, Deronil, Dexon, Mymethasone, Dalalone), cortisone (Cortone), hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone Phosphate, Cortifoam), methylprednisolone (Solu-cortef, Depo-Medrol, Depopred, Medrol, Rep-Pred), triamcinolone (Amcort, Aristocort, Atolone, Kenalog, Triamolone) . Antivirals: Acyclovir (Zovirax), ritonavir (Norvir), saquinavir (Invirase, Fortovase), indinavir (Crixivan), abacavir (Ziagen), cidofovir (Vistide), ganciclovir (Cytovene, Vitrasert) . Cholesterol-lowering drugs: Atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocar), rosuvastatin (Crestor) . Angiotensin receptor blocker drugs: Valsartan (Diovan), candesartan (Altacand), losartan (Cozaar), telmisartan (Micardis)
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