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Hiv Vaccine
Hiv Vaccine
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Table of Content
1. BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE DISEASE................................3 1.1.1. CAUSATIVE AGENT...3 1.1.2. ORIGIN OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENT.3 2. PATHOGENESIS OF THE DISEASE...3-4 3. THE PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES...4 4. TYPE OF VACCINE PREPARATIONS THAT ARE RESEARCHED AND/OR DEVELOPED AND
THE IMMUNOGENS USED....5
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Figure-1
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second glycoprotein, gp41, that binds gp120 to the lipid envelope2 (Edward C. Klatt). Within the cell the virus manipulates the cells replication machinery to replicate itself thus producing more virions, this ultimately leads to CD4+ cell apoptosis, quick depletion CD4 lymphocyte numbers, if the magnitude of HIV production in infected cells is enormous it lead to immunosuppression with multiple system failure and thus AIDS.
Figure-2
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TYPE OF VACCINE PREPARATIONS THAT ARE RESEARCHED AND/OR DEVELOPED AND THE IMMUNOGENS USED
The most promising vaccine research resolving around the use of the HIV gp120 or gp160 envelope proteins to induce a humoral response have proven minimal success, most research studies have focused on use of gp120 because it was simpler to manufacture and did not have any major disadvantages compared to gp160. There are alternative approaches, which include the use of poxviruses such as vaccinia as recombinant vectors for vaccination with HIV envelope proteins; the use of envelope proteins is significant because it induce production of neutralizing antibodies but this approach present many challenges and has limited efficacy. Another approach to control HIV infection is the use of gene therapy. But is hampered by the large size of the target CD4 cell population, this technology is based on introducing gene that induces apoptosis in infected cells.
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women enabled them to make effective antibodies called broadly neutralising antibodies' which are able to kill up to 88% of HIV types from around the world.
I have seen something else under the sun: The race is not to the swift or the battle to the strong, nor does food come to the wise or wealth to the brilliant or favour to the learned; but time and chance happen to them all -Ecclesiastes 9:11 HIV is waiting for me!!
REFERENCES
1. Edward C. Klatt,2012 - The Pathology of AIDS <http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/AIDS2012.PDF>[27/10/2012] 2. Marc P. Girard, Saladin K. Osmanov, Marie Paule Kieny,2006 - A review of vaccine research and development: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X06002167#>[27/10/2012] 3. SANews,2012 - SA scientists in 'key' HIV discovery <http://www.southafrica.info/about/health/hiv-231012.htm#ixzz2AVutqI3e>[27/10/2012] 4. WHO,2012 Zoonoses <www.who.int/entity/foodsafety/zoonoses/en/>[27/10/2012] 5. Figure-1, <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8272113.stm>[27/10/2012] 6. Figure-2, <http://leicestershireaidssupportservices.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/hiv_life_cycle.gif> [27/10/2012] 7. Cover page <http://blog.lass.org.uk/2011/07/18/seek-concludes-hiv-v-vaccine-phase-ibii-trial/> [27/10/2012] <http://www.labgrab.com/users/labgrab/blog/you-can-see-lot-just-looking-yogi-berra_id=884> [27/10/2012]