PREFACE

As you begin reading this report let me up its contents and their importance, so that it succeeds in its various purpose. The reports marks its beginning with a brief description of HRM

INDUSTRY, their benefits and drawbacks, evolution and so on. Then a brief history of the organization is described which is followed by its product and organizational structure. Then comes the crucial part of the report that is, analysis of PROJECT ON ANALYSIS OF RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN INDIAN HRM INDUSTRY for which I was permitted to work in the organization, Delhi market. The report should remain as a document of academic interest only, and should not be used for other purpose unless permitted by the organization.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I acknowledge my sincere thanks to my project guide

MR. GAURAV

SHARMA for guiding me right from the inception till the successful completion of the project. I sincerely acknowledge him for the extending his valuable guidance, support for literature, critical reviews of project and the report and above all the moral support he had provided to me during all stages of this project. Not any good work is complete without the moral support of parents and teachers. Therefore, I am also thankful to them including my faculties.

(Meenakshi Mishra)

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this work entitled

PROJECT ON ANALYSIS OF

RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN INDIAN HRM INDUSTRY is my work carried out under the guidance of my faculty MRS. GARIMA SINGH SENGER. This report neither in full nor in part has ever been submitted for award of any other degree of either this university or any other university. This is to further declare that this project report is authentic and not being submitted by any other student previousl DATE MEENAKSHI MISHRA

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The project talks about the various factor considered by the customers while going for taking particular brand. The first few pages talk about the introduction and objectives of the study. This is followed by literature review with details about deodorant market. Next comes the survey, the purpose of which is to study the working of deodorant market, the characteristics of deodorant market that attract the customers for buy any particular brand. The last part consists of findings, recommendations, limitations, conclusion and bibliography. The questionnaire has been annexed to the report.

INTRODUCTION

Success of every business enterprise depends on its human resource. Money, material and machines are inert factors; but man with his ability to feel, think, conscience and plan is the most valuable resource. At the same time human elements are most difficult to be inspired, controlled and motivated. The upcoming competition in India, will demand high motivational level of its employees. Growth of an enterprise is vital for the economic development of the country. This is possible only by maintaining the enthusiasm and motivation of the employees, which is vital for carrying out the operations in most efficient manner. The most successful companies, all over the world have designed their business policies to achieve higher productivity by using potentiality and strength of people. The basic aim of human policies is the genuine concern for the people. Proper design of human policies is based on the higher responsibilities, personal and positive approach in the total perspective of organizational interest. The world's best companies have established their strength with their people. The employees identify themselves with the company they are working for. This also help in building up their spirit, morale and espirit-de-cops which becomes strength of the company. The culture of excellence thus nurtured contribute to growth with stability and continuous improvement in productivity. Finding the right man for the job and developing him into a valuable resource is an indispensable requirement of every organization. Human resources are capable of enlargement i.e. capable of providing an output that is greater than the sum of the inputs. Proper recruitment helps the line managers to work most effectively in
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accomplishing the primary objective of the enterprise. In order to harness the human energies in the service or organizational goals, every manager is expected to pay proper attention to recruitment, selection, training, development activities in an organization. Proper promotional avenues must also be created so as to motivate employees to peak performance. Thus, personnel functions such as manpower planning recruitment, selection and training, when carried out properly, would enable the organization to hire and retain the services of the best brains in the market. The human resource management is very crucial in respect of information technology services than other manufacturing or marketing enterprises. The IT services are technical in nature and at every stage the human touch is involved. Hence it is well motivated and devoted manpower which is very much essential for the success of IT industry.

Role of HR Managers
And Some industry commentators call the Human Resources function the last bastion of bureaucracy. Traditionally, the role of the Human Resource professional in many organizations has been to serve as the systematizing, policing arm of executive management. In this role, the HR professional served executive agendas well, but was frequently viewed as a road block by much of the rest of the organization. While some need for this role occasionally remains you would no want every manager putting his own spin on a sexual harassment policy, as an examplemuch of the HR role is transforming itself. The role of the HR manager must parallel the needs of his changing organization. Successful organizations are becoming more adaptable, resilient, quick to change direction, and customer-centered. Within this environment, the HR professional, who is considered necessary by line managers, is a strategic partner, an employee sponsor or advocate, and a change mentor.

1. HR Managers as a Strategic Partner:- In todays organizations, to guarantee their viability and ability to contribute, HR managers need to think of themselves as strategic partners. In this role, the HR person contributes to the development of and the accomplishment of the organization-wide business plan and objectives. The HR business objectives are established to support the attainment of the overall plan and objectives. The tactical HR representative is deeply knowledgeable about the design of work systems in which people succeed and contribute. This strategic partnership impacts HR services such as the design of work positions, hiring; reward, recognition, and strategic pay; performance development and appraisal systems; career and succession planning; and employee development. Employee Advocate:-As an employee sponsor or advocate, the HR manager plays an integral role in organizational success via his knowledge about and advocacy of people. This advocacy includes expertise in how to create a work environment in which people will choose to be motivated, contributing, and happy. Fostering effective methods of goal setting, communication, and empowerment through responsibility build employee ownership of the enterprise. The HR professional helps establish the organizational culture and climate in which people have the competency, concern, and commitment to serve customers well. In this role, the HR manager provides employee development opportunities, employee assistance programs, gain sharing and profit-sharing strategies, organization development interventions, due process approaches to problem solving, and regularly scheduled communication opportunities.

Change Champion:-The constant evaluation of the effectiveness of the organization results in the need for the HR professional to frequently champion change. Both knowledge about and the ability to execute successful change strategies make the HR professional exceptionally valued. Knowing how to link change to the strategic needs of the organization will minimize employee dissatisfaction and resistance to change. The HR professional contributes to the organization by constantly assessing the effectiveness of the HR function. He also sponsors change in other departments and in work practices. To promote the overall success of his organization, he champions the identification of the organizational mission, vision, values, goals, and action plans. Finally, he helps determine the measures that will tell his organization how well it is succeeding in all of this.

Leadership and employee involvement.

The main role of leadership was seen as creating a participatory process for employee involvement, to build collective wisdom. Control has given way to collaboration and the old paradigm of promoting competition and motivating through incentives shifted to creating co-operation and oneness amongst people. This is a marked shift to build effective teams. Research shows that six out of every 10 employees like to work in teams. 87 per cent of all Fortune 500 companies use parallel teams and about 100 per cent of all companies use project teams. Story telling and appreciative enquiry are emerging as a new dimension in positive motivation. Finding out what's wrong seems to be the trend. In Walt Disney, telling success stories is one of the important methods used to remind people of greatness and goodness of the organization. Leaders in Disney concentrate on quality, values and involvement. Speaking in the plenary sessions, Tom Peters said, "We have

transitioned from an asset-based economy to a talent-based economy. The new definition of lay-off is untalented go talented stay. Leaders must realise that talent is equal to brand". His new theory is EVP which means "Employee Value Proposition". Rosabeth Moss Kanter said, " Human beings are good raw material, they become assets when you train them to increase their knowledge and skills". She added that only a few organisations really train people to make them a success. Seconding this, Mr Peters pointed out how most organisations are not serious about developing people. They spend on an average 26.3 hours per person per year on training. A surgeon, a pilot or an athlete on the other hand spends 10-15 times more on training. He also stated that the HRD department should be renamed TDFD (Talent Development Fanatic Department) and wealth for this new regime will flow from innovation, not organisation. Quoting Gary Hamel he said, only those employees will succeed who are "certified radical". Only those companies will succeed who create a cause, not a business. Leaders according to him are living individuals, whom people can smell, feel and touch. Their passion for work must be infectious. Another aspect of leadership if the decision to introduce fun in the work place. Research shows that this reduces absenteeism and builds stronger, deeper and longer lasting relationships. It appears out of every 100 Fortune companies in the last decade, 69 are dead and only 31 are alive. In a Forbes Magazine study of around 100 companies from '17 to '87, only 39 companies were found to survive. Management of Change:-Research proves that many change models don't consider the human experience during change. The overriding concern seems to be to downsize. It was found that most change processes go through four fundamental stages.

People try to resist or deny change They adapt, participate in the change They attempt to add value The culmination or formation of a new status-quo

A number of presentations revealed that leaders who initiate change must do so with one foot in the future and the other planted in past values. Forgetting tradition must can devalue existing strengths. The success of a change process depends on the skill of the facilitator to create a participatory process to enlist the support of people and address the issue of grief. E-Learning :- Organisations like Ford Motor, Hewlett Packard, Intel and IBM are using e-learning to increase the knowledge of their people. Companies like Fordstar even manage time differences between countries while conducting virtual class rooms, chats, demos, presentations to communicate new concepts, product details, core values, issues of governance and corporate communities. CEO's are talking to their people about new ideas and enlisting their support through forums and message boards. This is changing the way people behave and work. The advantages of e-learning are many: It is self-paced, flexible, less expensive, modular and has a huge reach. Universities like Cornell, MIT, Stanford, etc, have started emphasizing elearning to attract a worldwide audience. Web-centric universities are becoming the order of the day. William Taylor, editor and managing partner of the Fast Pace magazine, said, "There is no going back from back from dotcoms". He was of the opinion that there is a merger taking place between computers and human beings.
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Innovative practices in HR
The Innovative Practices in Human Resources study uncovered 12 practices that are reducing HR costs and improving service quality to employees. Key findings from this research included the need for HR managers to streamline processes, lower overhead costs, and enable their departments to advance from transactional organizations to strategic partners in the business. Practices and technologies include:

Internet and intranet employee services Strategic human resources Centralized HR departments and call centers 360-degree performance appraisals HRIS systems Employee self-service Voice response systems (VRUs) Resume scanning and Internet recruitment Kiosks Automated time and attendance systems Team policies and development Outsourcing

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Business process reengineering (BPR)

Linking pay to performance

Most Human Resource professionals are familiar with the concept of strategy. There is much more concentration and focus today on the strategic outcomes of human resource activity than ever before. The area of compensation is no exception. Pay for performance systems are becoming more and more popular as senior managers reach beyond the use of compensation systems to deliver pay. There is far more interest in more closely linking the reward mechanisms to the achievement of corporate objectives. Motivation for superior performance is the goal. In experience, most organizations will profess to a "pay-for-performance" philosophy as a keystone of their compensation system. Such a system requires solid grounding in a clear and documented link between performance and salary increases. Unfortunately, the link between individual performance and pay is frequently nonexistent - "merit" pay is a hollow concept in this regard. A merit system demands that managers be willing to make distinctions in merit increases based on performance. However, several factors get in the way of this happening. First, the annual salary change is usually a small percentage. Giving the better performer 2% more than the cost of living has little motivation or recognition attached to it. Similarly giving the poor performers 2% less than the cost of living increase is not that much of a penalty. So many managers don't make that distinction it is too much hassle. So everybody gets the same increase. Second, most performance appraisal systems are after-the-fact appraisals. In other words, at appraisal time, which is usually toward the end of the year, managers

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are required to evaluate the performance of their staff. It means sitting down and trying to reconstruct what each staff member did, capturing it in a non-threatening way, communicating the evaluation without a fuss and finally, making a merit increase recommendation. Sound like a familiar pattern? It is a process that repeats itself year after year. The end result is usually a lot of avoidance behavior. Managers avoid the appraisal process like the plague. Although employees profess to want to "know where they stand" they often take issue with the appraisal. Besides, they don't listen to the evaluation, they wait until the penny literally "drops". "What is my rating and how much do I get?" is a constant theme in merit systems where salary decisions are tied so closely with the appraisal process. You might well ask is there any way out of this mess? The answer is fortunately yes. Organizations that are the best and want to separate themselves from the rest, are turning away from the merit system and toward an annual incentive system, particularly for middle and upper management positions but increasingly for teams and individuals lower down in the organization as well. They are adopting a system of annual incentive bonuses linked directly to the achievement of corporate and individual objectives in three specific areas. The areas are corporate revenues and gains, cost containment and behavioral changes. The first two areas are quantitative and the third area, which is gaining in importance, is qualitative in nature, and has a great deal to do with building managerial and individual competence.

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Why Is This Transition Occurring? :-Well, there are many challenges facing businesses today and these challenges are driving them to find better ways of linking pay and performance to the achievement of corporate results..

Changing job design in IT community

The California State University (CSU) system is being challenged to meet increasing demands for educational and administrative services through the innovative use of technology and human resource systems. Even though funding levels for higher education have been cut in recent years, public/taxpayer expectations and the demands for quality education, access, service, and accountability have grown. Technology initiatives within the CSU have resulted in significant advances and improved technical capabilities and efficiency. Human resource and organizational systems are also needed to capitalize on and thrive in this rapidly changing work environment. In 1991, the CSU began a study to look at alternative work and job design approaches to meet these challenges. The study focused on the information technology community and how work processes and activities could be better organized to remove artificial barriers and improve organizational effectiveness, a process often associated with the term "reengineering." Secondly, the study focused on developing a job design approach that could adapt to changing skill requirements and that would promote the continuous acquisition of skills for knowledge-based employees in information technology. The goal of improved organizational effectiveness and an orientation towards reengineering and skills guided the development of the proposed job design approach. This article begins by identifying several trends that led to the study, then describes the overall project within the context of an organizational effectiveness equation. A new
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job design approach that was proposed as a result of the study is presented, including a new classification structure and competency dimensions and measures for defining and evaluating positions. Finally, other supporting systems are described for an integrated human resources approach. The development phase of the project has been completed, and the CSU anticipates entering into negotiations with its employee representatives in the near future. Three trends have had a direct impact on the development of a strategic job design approach for the information technology community at the CSU: (a) diversification and convergence of technology, increased demand for educational access and (b) changes in instructional delivery methods; and changing work place demands and priorities. The technology demands within higher education lead to a complex and dynamic computing environment. Academic and administrative computing strategies tend to be at cross-purposes in terms of defining systems requirements. This has resulted in widely diverse systems and technology within and across the CSU's twenty campuses. Increasingly, however, campus systems are becoming more integrated, as data are shared across multiple platforms on a network "highway" that is linked to external information sources. Networking and desktop computing have removed traditional boundaries for information access, research, and decision-support purposes. Data, voice, and video technologies continue to be combined in more interactive and user-friendly formats. In terms of educational trends, many institutions offer distance learning using various transmission media and are incorporating instructional technology into curriculum development. Students expect guaranteed access to technology and to

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research databases, and this access has become an issue of social responsibility.[1] Library and computing functions are becoming increasingly interdependent in "an infrastructure of scholarly communication" within higher education. [2] Workplace trends, as presented in Sustaining Excellence in the 21st Century: A Vision and Strategies for College and University Administration, well represent the outlook for the CSU. Two key issues are identified: 1) Economics. There is increasing pressure to constrain administrative costs within the "labor intensive cost structure" that exists in higher education. Reductions in staff are occurring at the same time as transaction volume and service expectations are growing. (2) Decentralization of responsibility. With fewer people and greater access to information, organizations are moving responsibility for decision-making downward to the point of service. Work organization is shifting away from job specialization and a task/procedure orientation, to more generalized job responsibilities focused on outcome and greater participation on cross-functional teams (3) Another central workplace trend is the "earning and learning" environment described by the U.S. Department of Labor in its Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) report. To quote Thomas P. Foley, Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry: "We've changed from the idea of "one skill, one job" to the reality of a range of skills that have to apply to a number of different kinds of professions. More to the point, workers must possess a skill that they continually upgrade just to keep pace in the professions they choose." (4) The influx of new technology and applications has created a demand for continual learning and adaptation. Due to the CSU's relatively stable workforce,

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maintaining skills to keep pace with changing technology was identified as a critical goal. Knowledge requirements are expanding to encompass a greater breadth of technologies and subject expertise, as well as including process-oriented capabilities such as communication and negotiation skills. The implications of these technological, educational, and workplace trends point directly to the need to reengineer organizational structures, work design, and processes. Based on these trends and overall organizational goals, two key objectives were established for a new job design approach for the CSU: flexibility and skill development. Fundamentally, each campus needs the flexibility to achieve its goals by distributing work assignments in a way that optimizes its available skill mix and promotes individual skill development and initiative.

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OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

Following were the objectives of the study:1. To enlist emerging HR trends in Indian IT Industry 2. To review literature and research done in this area. 3. To find out lacking areas regarding the HRD in IT sector. 4. To measure the perceptions of IT sector employees in respect of application of HRD in their organization. 5. To suggest the measures to fill the gaps and improve motivation level of employees and HR management in IT industry.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The study was exploratory in nature. All published and unpublished available on the subject matter was consulted. Interview and discussions were held with the various executive/ Managers/ staff employed in IT sector. The HRD functions/ activities being undertaken in different IT organisations were also studied. Primary and secondary data available with these organisations was also used for this project study. In order to measure the employees perceptions of emerging HR trends in different IT organisation, the survey was undertaken. The survey was based on structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was mainly based on objective type closeended question, but few open ended questions were also included. Firstly, the pilot survey on ten randomly selected respondents was undertaken. Then the questionnaire was modified accordingly, if desired. The final questionnaire was administered in person to the extent possible and through mail if needed. The 100 respondents were selected among the executives and staff working in various IT organizations. The convenient random sampling technique was used for the selection of the respondents.

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Finally, the results of the survey has been presented in Tabular form, analyzed and interpreted to meet the required needs of this project study and presented in Report form.

ORGANIZATION PROFILE
SMC Group, founded in 1990, is Indias leading share and stock broker, provides a wide range of financial services and investment solutions. A blend of extensive experience, diverse talent and client focus has made us the 4th largest broking house in India(Source: Dun and Bradstreet, 2008). Over the years, SMC has expanded its operations domestically as well as internationally. Existing network includes regional offices at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Cochin, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Hyderabad, Bangalore plus a growing network of 2100+ offices spread across 425 cities/towns in India. We offer a diverse range share and stock broker services which includes institutional and retail brokerage of equity, currency, commodities, derivatives, online trading, depository services, fixed Deposits, IPOs and mutual funds distribution, dedicated desk for NRI and institutional clients, insurance broking, clearing services, margin funding, investment banking, portfolio management, wealth advisory & research. We have a highly efficient workforce of over 6000 employees and over 7500 financial advisors serving the financial needs of more than 5,75,000 satisfied investors.

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We are also amongst the first financial firms in India to expand operations in the lucrative gulf market, by acquiring license for broking and clearing member with Dubai Gold and Commodities exchange (DGCX). The SMC Advantage: Large avenues of investment solutions and financial services under one roof Personalized solution and attention offered to each investors Research support and timely advice by our high-tech research wing An extensive network of branch offices A perfect blend of latest technology and rich experience of over 20 years Honesty, transparency and fairness imbibed in all our dealings Providers of one of the best trading platforms in terms of speed, convenience and risk management to trade in NSE, BSE, F&O, NCDEX, MCX,, MCX-SX, NMCE, ICEX & DGCX CORPORATE ETHOS Our Vision To be a global major in providing complete investment solutions, with relentless focus on investor care, through superior efficiency and complete transparency. Core Values Ethical deals: Honesty is the only policy.

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Experience and trust: Over 20 years of experience has made SMC earn the trust of more than 5,75,000 Investors. Expertise: Know-how and skills to provide investors an edge. Personalised Solutions: Every investor is unique. Every solution is unique. Our Approach Value for investors trust:SMC values the trust reposed in by the clients and is committed to uphold it at all cost. Integrity and honesty: Integrity, honesty and transparency are the underlying principles in all our dealings. Personaliszed attention:The most valued asset is our relationship with the clients, which has been built over years by giving personalized attention. Network which works: SMC has a vast network extending to 425+cities and towns ensuring easy accessibility, convenience and hassle free trading experience. Research based advisory services:SMC offers proactive and timely world class research based advice and guidance to its clients to enable them to take informed decisions. OUR CREDENTIALS 4th largest broking house of India in terms of trading terminals (Source: Dun and Bradstreet, 2008) 5th largest sub-broker network in the country (Source: Dun and Bradstreet, 2007)

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 5th largest distributors of IPOs in retail in India(Source: Prime Data Rankings, March 2010) Awarded the Fastest Growing Retail Distribution Network in financial services (Source: Business Sphere, 2008) Received Major Volume Driver award from BSE for 3 years consecutively(2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07) Nominated amongst the top 3, in the CNBC Optimix Financial Services Award 2008 under "National Level Retail Category" Amongst the First Financial Firms in India to expand operations in the lucrative gulf market, by acquiring license for broking and clearing member with Dubai Gold and Commodities exchange (DGCX) One of the largest proprietary desk for doing near risk-free arbitrage in equities and commodities Institute of Economic Studies (IES) has honored our Chairman with the Pride of India and Udyog Rattan awards. Also, IIFS has conferred him with Glory of India award recently MEMBERSHIPS & REGISTRATIONS Trading Member of NSE, BSE, NCDEX, MCX, DGCX, NMCE, ICEX, MCX-SX ,National Spot Exchange Ltd.(NSEL) & NCDEX Spot Exchange Ltd.( NSPOT). Clearing Member in NSE (F&O, Currency), BSE (F&O, Currency), MCX (Commodities), NCDEX, MCX-SX, ICEX & DGCX
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 Depository Participant with CDSL & NSDL Category 1 Merchant banker Corporate Insurance Broker for Life & General Insurance

(Registered with IRDA) Distributor of IPOs & Mutual Funds (Registered with AMFI) Portfolio Management Services (PMS) registered with SEBI Non Banking Financial Company (NBFC) registered with RBI Association with London based ICON Capital,

(Registered under FSA & NSA ,London) SERVICES 1. Broaking a. Equities and derivatives b. Currency c. Commodities d. Depository e. Institutional Broking f. Clearing Services g. Loan Against Securities 2. Distribution

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3. Research 4. Online Trading 5. Wealth Management 6. Investment Banking 7. Insurance

BROAKING a. Equities & Derivatives Overview Our experienced team of Research Analysts and Advisory Managers guide you with appropriate solutions, backed by in-depth research, knowledge and expertise on a regular basis. We constantly help you with strategies for equity and derivatives investment, recommendations for trading on futures & options, hedging with Nifty and other products and opportunities of near risk free arbitrage between various segments. Our Offerings Online trading Online trading : SMC Trading Platform offers online equity & derivatives trading facilities for investors who are looking for the ease and convenience of a hassle free trading experience. We provide ODIN application, which is a high-end, integrated trading application for fast, efficient and reliable execution of trades. You can now
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trade in NSE and BSE simultaneously from any destination at your convenience. You can access a multitude of resources like live quotes, charts, research, advice and online assistance to help you take informed decisions. Offline trading Offline trading : You can also trade through our branch network by registering as our client. We also provide trade through us on phone by calling our designated representatives in the branches where you are registered as a client. Trading in Equities with SMC truly empowers you for your investment needs. We ensure that you have a superlative trading experience through: A highly process driven, diligent approach Powerful research & analysis support. One of the "best-in-class" dealing rooms

Our edge Equity advisory team with highly trained equity professionals, who act as your Equity Advisor and pro-actively help you take informed equity investment decisions and build a healthy portfolio Pan India coverage Powerful research support by a pool of highly skilled research analysts Focused services which make investments in equities simple . SMS service providing intraday research support to the clients.

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Competitive brokerage rates Call & Trade facility through a simple phone call A superior trading platform Prompt news on stock results, earnings, bonus, share holding patterns, etc.

Online trading account which provides exposure against the cash margin as well as shares lying idle in clients DP account

b. Currency Currently in India, there are 3 major exchanges offering Currency future trading NSE, BSE & MCX-SX. SMC Global Securities is a trading cum clearing member of all these exchanges for the currency segment. We believe in the tremendous potential of currency future to become a dominant force of the Indian financial market with a turnover which can outperform even equity and commodity segment. We firmly believe that wider market participation will bring more strength to the market & this can be achieved through disseminating education & information among various market participants. For us, currency is not just any other segment of business; it is "the business of future". Our Offerings Offline trading: This is the most traditional way of carrying out trading in financial markets. Clients can place their orders with our nearest branch by visiting them personally or on the phone. Online trading: Online trading offers the convenience to trade from the comfort of your home / office. We provide trading software which can

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be downloaded by the client on any system. Through their user ID & password, clients can start trading online. Alternatively, we also provide the facility to trade through our browser based application. Corporate advisory: We believe that corporate participation is the key to growth of this segment. We understand that corporates have a very special set of requirements for hedging as well as investment. Every business needs customized solutions to its requirements and that is what we deliver - hedging / investment solutions based on what is best-suited to the business dynamics. Our dedicated team of Relationship Managers ensures that our deliverables exceed the expectations & a long-lasting relationship is built. Our edge A vast network of offices giving us pan India presence Dedicated Relationship Managers Real-time risk monitoring of financial markets Experienced Research Analysts

c. Commodities SMC Comtrade Limited, a key constituent of SMC Group of Companies, came into existence at the very start of Commodity Exchanges in India. With nationwide presence, it enables the retail & corporate investors to diversify their portfolio and enjoy the benefits of commodity trading in MCX, NCDEX, NMCE & ICEX. Our highly appreciated research team guides the investors to make wise investment decisions for agri-commodity market as well as international commodities trading.

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SMC Comex International DMCC (part of SMC Group) is one of the initial, leading & experienced clearing and broking members of Dubai Gold and Commodities Exchange (DGCX). It offers commodity trading in Gold, Silver, Crude (WTI & Brent), Forex (INR, Euro, Dollar & Sterling) and Steel Rebar Contracts. For more information, visit www.smccomex.com Our edge Pan India presence Offline & online trading facilities Arbitrage expertise Strong delivery handling team Dedicated research team having experienced and skilled research analysts d. Depository Depository Participants (DP) offers a safe & convenient way to hold securities in electronic form as compared to paper form. It offers freedom from delays, forgeries, settlement risk and paper work. SMC provides an integrated single platform for our clients ensuring a quick, risk free and efficient process. We are participants of Central Depository Services Limited (CDSL) and National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL). We believe in efficient, cost-effective and integrated fixed deposit services support to our brokerage business India. SMC, as a Depository Participant, offers depository accounts to individual investors as well as corporate houses, which enables them to trade in the dematerialized environment. We are one of the few Depository

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Participants offering depository facilities for commodities. We are empanelled with NCDEX, MCX and spot exchanges. Our offerings De-materialization of physical shares and mutual fund units into electronic form Re-materialization to convert the dematerialized shares and mutual fund units into physical form Inter and intra fixed depository services to transfer securities from one demat account to another

Pledging of shares and commodities to avail loans Commodity demat account Internet services for online access to demat account and research reports SMS Alert Facility for debits and IPO credits in demat account.

Our edge Risk-free, prompt and efficient service Competitive transaction charges Separate desk for HNI and NRI clients Professional service to trading members for their pool accounts Hassle free automated pay-in facility to clients

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Faster transfer and registration of securities leading to increased liquidity of securities

Nationwide branch network Personalized / attentive services by trained help desk All in one combined Monthly Bill-cum-Transaction-cum- Holding statement

e. Institutional Broking Institutional Broking Services at SMC cater to the investment needs of leading domestic and foreign institutional investors. Backed by incisive research, this division is a one-stop investment gateway and knowledge repository for the clients, servicing their unique and sophisticated needs. Our offerings Our efficient execution, quality research, top quality human resources and complete compliance with stock exchange regulations as well as business standard ethics lend towards our exemplary institutional services to investors through: IPOs Equities Derivatives Mutual Funds

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We also focus on identifying undiscovered value stocks to investors. Through our gamut of institutional services, this division is well suited to the investment side of all classes of institutional investors including Mutual Funds, Insurance Companies, Banks, and FIIs. Our edge A wide array of products and services, specifically aimed at serving unique needs of unique clients. A research division with a designated team for each asset class and sector to evaluate market trends and make unbiased and objective reports Specialized services for international investors Idea Generation and Stock Picks In-depth, detailed and insightful coverage across different sectors which comprise :

Initiating coverage reports Result Previews Result Updates Sectoral Reports India Strategy Reports

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An international distribution network servicing the needs of institutions & corporate houses through a large global network and with the ability to execute globally

f. Clearing Services SMC is one of the leading clearing members which currently manages the clearing of more than 134 trading members in different segments of different exchanges.

Our offerings We are Clearing Member of NSE (F&O, Currency), BSE (F&O, Currency), MCX (Commodities), MCX-SX, NCDEX, ICEX & DGCX Our edge Trusted name in Broking Industry One of the leading Clearing member of NSE Incredible track record of timely delivery of Commitments Concern about timely need of Trading Members being, in the same fraternity Attitude to follow the best practices in the Industry Committed approach to business

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Technologically sound to cope with the growing needs of Trading Members

Senior Professional personnel for every clearing serviceneed Flexibility and adaptability to the dynamic needs of the market

g. Loan against securities Moneywise Financial Services Pvt. Ltd. (MFSPL), registered as a non banking financial company (NBFC), is a subsidiary of SMC global securities Ltd. offers loan against securities of shares.

Our offerings Available to all major Indian citizens Additional buying power to create wealth and grab market opportunity Loans against shares are extended against basket of securities traded on BSE/ NSE List of securities is available on demand and/or on our web site Client has to maintain requisite margin as per categorization of scrips, value based on LTV Margin calls are made if the value of margin falls by 10% which can be met either by redemption of the securities or placing additional securities

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Tailor-made scheme to cater to the needs of all segments of investors Free trade environment Interest application on daily balances to minimize the cost of fund Bunch of financial products with expert opinion Easy processing and simple documentation Securities are to be transferred to MFSPL Securities may be sold to ensure adequacy of stipulated margins without reference to clients in case the margins are not maintained

Minimum interest rate subject to market conditions Registration: o Applicant should have poa - demat and trading account with SMC global securities Ltd. o Client should complete the Loan application along with necessary documents

Loan settlement and release of shares: o Loan can be settled by payment to Moneywise Financial Services Pvt. Ltd. o Shares shall be released on clearance of the payment o In case of closure, client has to clear all the dues
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o Shares may be released if matching securities are furnished. Surplus value of shares may be released in part/full (as per borrowers request). Alternatively surplus value of share may be used for additional funding.

HR IT SCENARIO

The web is altering the HRD landscape beyond recognition. The key to corporate success in the fast changing information era is thinking on your knees. What is this thinking on your knees? Normally as the HR person you know what the situation is and operate from there. A repositioning is required in your decision process with questions like why, how and when and not just what. At this point you operate on your knee i.e. with far more dynamism and with a lot more effectiveness than thinking on your feet. The employees are like gypsies, on the move all the time. They camp at some location, enhance their skills, responsibility levels and move on. This is

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particularly true of the professional from Software Industry. Opportunities are plenty and the next job opening is only a mouse click away. The question is not about what else you can do to retain an employee but it is about making him productive, while he is with you. The value addition will then happen for both the employee as well as the employer resulting in a win-win situation. This means that the new strategy calls for the recognition that no employee is expected to be permanently with you. Normal tenure in any organization is likely to be between two to three years.

Innovation is the key

Information technology and Internet have changed several equations. Reaching out to the world market place is no more the challenge in achieving corporate victories. Out thinking the competition at electronic speed is the key to winning corporate battles. The corporate success is sum total of entrepreneurship practiced by your staff. The key to employee longevity :-Todays most successful organizations recognize that to fuel growth and sustain a competitive advantage, they must make recruiting, hiring and retaining top talent, as the organizations major thrust area. Competent people deliver the rest dont matter. Successful business organizations have no choice but to promote the performers and let non-performers go. Organizations recognize that that their ability to gather, manage, analyze, distribute information and transform themselves into a learning organization will provide continuity and ensure for them their leadership role. Systematic organizational learning should be central corporate philosophy. Learning must be obviously followed by changes, which may not necessarily be welcomed by veterans in the organization. But change is the only constant for guaranteed success.
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Points to note: The following points are important and must be properly understood. People have a great deal of informational knowledge to contribute to the organization. People are responsible People desire opportunities to effect change, not just being expected to change. Organizations need to create awareness amongst their employees about their vision and then empower them to act on that vision. Establishing a sense of urgency well ahead of the problem surfacing. Form inter-functional core group. Encourage the group to work together as a team. Plan and create short-term win targets reward employees and recognize achievers. Consolidate improvements through a knowledge base driven system and institutionalize proven new methodologies.

New paradigms in HR
Business plans must consider HR issues, focus and adapt. Corporate goals must factor in individual career growth and personal growth must be tied to corporate growth and vice versa.

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Job responsibilities must facilitate personal development and learning should be institutionalized with well-established knowledge bases. Capturing experience and making it available corporate wide should be a permanent feature of organizations.

War for talent

The worlds most popular people resource base seems to be falling short of numbers to meet its own demands. With added pressures of migration and attrition, can Indias IT industry achieve its software and services revenue target of $87 billion by 2008? Country: India. Population: 1 billion-plus. If that sounds like too many people, think again. Plug in English-speaking and low labor costs, and suddenly we can envision $50-billion software exports target by the end of this decade. Not impossible, if we consider the scarcity of IT manpower across the world. Take a look at the US, already with a 10- million-strong IT workforce, which needs to fill 1.6 million new jobs in the next one year. Japan is no different and estimates close to a million new jobs. Germany is looking for 20,000 IT specialists and Italy is seeking 15,000 additional manpower. Their choice destination India. Ironically, the country which has been such a popular people resource for the IT industry the world over, is struggling with numbers to meet its own demand. To meet the overall software and services (domestic and export) target of $87 billion by 2008, according to the Nasscom-McKinsey report, the country will require a minimum of 2.2 million knowledge workers for its domestic needs.

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This implies that the present strength, which stands at 12,00,000 (December 2004), has to increase about twice, not just in quantity but in quality as well. According to industry estimates, majority of the demand for manpower will be in the area of IT-enabled services. While Nasscom puts the requirement at 11,00,000, MIT says IT-enabled services and e-business will need 12,70,000 workers by 2007. Experts insist that since this sector does not require very highly skilled manpower, we can easily meet this demand. "IT-enabled services is a wonderful opportunity for India and for such services you dont need highly skilled professionals. You just need smart graduates who can speak English, all you need to do is train them. For instance, in a call center, they need to be trained on accents and customer services,"

4 Rs of HR in IT
Recruiting Signing bonus Finders Fee Alumni connections Non-techs Students Interns Retaining Retention bonus Project pay Reduct FTE/same pay Telecommuting Externs Job sharing Recognitionprograms Retraining Job rotation Team assignments Skill inventories Competency development Certification Restructuring Broad job descriptions Flexible compensation programs Flexible jobs Positive problemsolving spirit

Obstacles
Denial (This is and long term) Misalignment (Ramping up/Ramping down) Timing

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Treating everyone the same Navigating the bureaucracy Demographics

What others are doing

Pooling recruitment efforts Increasing freedom at the dept level (on-the-spot hiring, broadbanding, etc.) Recruiting/retaining students Identifying tech skills in all jobs/people (Skill Inventories/assessment) Sharing staff

Retention Factors
1. Quality of boss 2. Direction of department 3. Exposure to new technologies 4. Confidence in the company 5. Job security 6. Challenging work 7. Location

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8. Access to capital resources 9. Caliber of co-workers 10. Empowerment 11. Department leadership 12. Ability to influence department success

Taking the lead

See ourselves as problem-solvers Develop critical skills and competencies in ourselves, then others Build compensation around results not tasks; competencies, not seniority Involve everyone. Constantly align and balance resources to meet changing needs

Search for tomorrow

Attract, retain and reward the best performers (Encourage all to be the best) Increase flexibility Reduce fixed costs Reduce administrative effort (Simplify, simplify, simplify) Utilize the full range of individual talents

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The Crisis
Shortage of IT workers

Competition
Compensation stock options, profit sharing, incentives Alternatives outsourcing

Attracting
Recruiting sign on bonuses Relocation incentives Recruiters Reduced cycle time for hiring Campus/ job fairs / referrals/ internet

Retaining
Work environment Communication forums Telecommuting Flexible staffing Exciting projects

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Practices
Focus on value Financial and human value Commitment to core strategy Linkage between culture an system Multi dimension communication Stakeholders partnerships Mutual support and collaboration ( teamwork) Risk and innovativeness Passion

Developing
Internship programs Training programs Career development programs

Long term solutions

Education, government, industry partnerships Curricula: technical skills and career skills (teamwork and communication)

Key success factors

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Understand people What they want Long term perspective Innovative Coordinate approach Career development I

Out sourcing
In the last few years, more and more companies around the world are looking towards India for outsourcing their software requirements. The changing business environment is demanding new applications. In particular, the spread of client-server computing in decentralized organizations involves the development of applications specific to a user's business. Outsourcing is becoming a strategy for forward thinking IS managers. It is no longer just a means for reducing costs, but a tool for adding value to business. It enables organizations to concentrate on their core business, carry out business reengineering and provide information that is valid, timely and adequate to assist decision making at the management level and quality and cost control at the middle and lower levels. As a result, outsourcing has gradually grown beyond the traditional idea of "having a third party running the data centre". It has come to mean, "Any use of an outside contractor to replace or extend in-house resources". Outsourcing is closely linked with corporate strategy, since it must support the organizations major initiative in using IS. It should enhance and add value to the business. A rule of thumb to start

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and gain experience is, "if IS is low cost and of high value addition, keep it within the organization, i.e. in-source. If IS is high cost and of low value addition, consider outsourcing". In the past few years, whenever organizations around the world have outsourced to India, the Indian software companies have substantially helped to cut costs in software development projects or MIS environments, while maintaining high quality. Moreover, all these cost and quality advantages are coupled with the use of state-of-the-art technologies. In 2004-05 more than US$ 2500 million worth of software development work was outsourced to India (The total software exports from India during the year was US$ 4085 million). This was 56% higher than outsourcing orders in 2003-04. It is estimated that the quantum of outsourcing may jump to US$ 5 billion and reach as high as US$ 10 billion by 2010 A.D.

HR PROBLEMS OF INDIAN IT PROFESSIONALS OVERVIEW OF PROBLEMS

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The IT revolution is sweeping the world, particularly the western world in for nearly a decade now, creating enormous employment opportunities in this area. India joined the bandwagon well in time and smoothly though it is yet to entrench itself strongly in terms of corporate identity and significant share of global revenues in IT. Our main contribution seems to be in the less glamorous areas of value addition, maintenance, Y2K, quality assurance and customization of existing packages. The sudden eruption of opportunities in this area left no time for development of human resources in a planned manner and also software solutions which tended to be more ad hoc than being assured of quality. With the enormous opportunities for employment, entrepreneurship with low capital investment and low gestation period for turning profitable, higher returns per employee and large return on investment/EPS, sustained encouragement from government, a very large number of organizations - large, medium, small - have been established. Correspondingly a large number of training establishments and cyber cafes have come up, most of which are in the cities and towns to cash in on the enthusiasm of the urban middle class. A number of higher level courses have also been started mainly through private organizations besides the existing government (State/Central), university and autonomous institutions. There are about 500 private engineering colleges besides IITs, RECs, universities, colleges offering courses such as MCA, M.Sc., M.E., and M.Tech. In view of the apparent demand that appears to be exaggerated, most of the programmes (barring a few by government institutions and IITs) are very expensive, almost beyond the reach of a middle-class student. Yet candidates and their parents strain themselves financially to pursue the courses hoping to get an attractive job

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(financially) which remains a mirage by and large. The problems are further compounded by a lack of proper teaching faculty in most colleges and franchises. Except in well-established institutions, job-placements are poor. Even those trained in reputed institutions find their jobs monotonous, leading to depression. Jobs offered by the software industry have demonstrated the above factors as they are able to carry out the projects with persons of any background and levels of attainment, but with a few months training either prior to employment or a short training during probation. Despite these deficiencies, students prefer software jobs mainly with an eye on the pay-package and urban locations. The employee- retention period even in good companies has been shrinking and is found to be three to six months. The companies also try to devise methods to make their employees almost captive with surety bonds, bank guarantees, employee's stock option (ESOP) and housing facilities, among others. The employees, for their part, resort to innovative methods to wriggle out of their contracts. There does not appear to be any respectable ethics even among companies as well as the employees in this type of free for all market. To go abroad and become rich has become the motive of most of the employees even if the job does not offer any intellectual satisfaction. The manufacturing and hard-core engineering sector has also shrunk in terms of job opportunities and attractiveness. Even those software professionals, who are offered good financial packages, spend their earnings on expensive lifestyles, vehicles, and credit card syndrome and find themselves disenchanted on all fronts including the intellectual front. It should also be a cause for concern to project beyond the present software boom as to what happens to all these if the opportunities decline. The scenario appears to be quite fluid with a predominant western bias in all the activities concerning software profession with

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scores of Indian boys getting lured and sucked into the vortices created by the opportunities in this area

Main problem areas

The significant problem areas which may be contributing to the present scenario and can be addressed can be identified as given in the succeeding paragraphs.

RECRUITMENT PROCESS

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Without going into the deficiencies of the present practices, the following suggestions are made to improve the process in terms of efficiency, availability of manpower and equity to all the aspirants irrespective of the fact where they got educated. The various steps of the proposed approach are as follows: i. Aptitude tests could be conducted by reputed institutes like IITs/ private organizations/HR agencies for prospective professionals preferably ``online'' like GRE, GMAT etc. or physically at regular intervals and scores are given. If it is no on-line, the periodicity can be a month or two and the validity can be for an year or so which can also be fixed based on general agreement. ii. Based on scores and preferences of the candidates (career counselling), companies can ask for a video clip for subsequent interview if required. Interviews can also be conducted simultaneously either physically or over the phone or by video conference and selections completed. iii. Once selected and the candidate joins the organizations, all member organizations should adopt a code of conduct such that the candidates stays at least for a period of one year. iv. Small companies can form some kind of a cooperative society wherein software professionals' services can be tapped and steer clear and manpower shortage (less than critical mass levels). v. The selection can be conditional that he acquires certified skills in the required areas either through training in house or through approved training agencies and establishments. This will also avoid the unnecessary expenses

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for (which are high) the candidates, who are presently spending lot of money with a hope of employment. This will also ensure that there is a focus on proper training and optimal deployment of time, effort and finances. vi. The selection process can thus be continuous and commensurate with the requirements thus avoiding idle inventory. vii. There can be general norms of pay packages depending on the reputation of the companies (classifying them as A, B, C, D by any reputed management institute like IIM etc.) with the ratio of maximum pay within reasonable and realistic limits.

Post employment care

The companies/organizations should take adequate interest in the career development of the employee by suitable HRD approaches which should include the following: I. Opportunities for creative work in the first phase particularly for those who are bright, and have an aptitude and come with a good pedigree say from IITs. II. Opportunities to lessen the monotony and improve interpersonal relationship and mixing and group activities. III. Periodic rotation of the rolls and jobs if possible. IV. Opportunities for retraining and upgrading the skills. V. Conducting effective career development programs regularly. VI. Incentives like ESOP, lucrative assignments and challenging projects, opportunities of higher education.

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VII. Make the employee more versatile with wider perspective and flexible for easy deployment in areas needing strengthening. VIII. Encouraging simplicity and excellence.

Advantages
The suggested processes in 4 and 5 above can be expected to have the following significant advantages: I. Cost effective and efficient process. II. Proper deployment of skills optimally. III. Idle employment can be minimized. IV. Retention can be improved. V. Particularly useful for small firms which can also operate in the cooperative society mode. VI. The candidate's skills are moulded to suit the needs of the job and need not waste time, money and efforts. VII. Equitable opportunities to all aspirants irrespective of location, pedigree and background. VIII. Reduces the mushrooms of training shops with inadequate faculty. IX. This may also give the manufacturing and core engineering sector jobs reasonable chance to attract willing and bright candidates. X. The process is ideally suited for candidates to plan their careers with adequate preparation in core areas.

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XI. The process also enables a realistic assessments of needs and demands regularly and meeting them even at short notices. XII. The aptitude tests can become richer and more representative over a few years and as the question bank becomes larger and random on-line questioning can be introduced which is more objective like GRE, GMAT

Long term perspective

These tests can be conducted at the end of 10+2 level or B.Sc. level also and train the candidate with or without stipend in courses where he could get admission for his degree. This will help in decreasing the pressure on engineering education as otherwise the skills acquired by the candidate at a great cost in branches other than computer sciences are wasted and lost for good if employed by the software industry. It may be a good idea to have a National Test for Software Talent similar to science talent test which can be sponsored by NASSCOM and such other interested groups. The idea of forming a cooperative society by small firms may prove to be beneficial as the facilities and manpower can be shared optimally. While otherwise they may face the problems of lack of adequate manpower (below the critical mass level) because of less attractive pay and perks they are able to offer. Renowned organizations like IITs, IIMs and MNCs, and can play a catalytic roll in streamlining the processes for an efficient HRD in this vital area of software manpower which is a national resource.

IT SECTOR COMPENSATION METHODS

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EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNWERSHIP PLAN

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) : is a defined contribution employee benefit plan that allows employees to become owners of stock in the company they work for. How does ESOP work? 1. The ESOP operates through a trust, setup by the company, that accepts tax deductible contributions from the company to purchase company stock 2. The contributions made by the company are distributed to individual employee accounts within the trust. 3. The amount of stock each individual receives may vary according to preestablished formulas based on salary, service, or position. 4. The employees may cash out after vesting in the program or when they leave the company. The amount they may cash out may depend on the vesting requirements.

Stock Options
Stock Options: The right to purchase stock at a given price at some time in the future. Stock Options come in two types: 1. Incentive stock options (ISOs) in which the employee is able to defer taxation until the shares bought with the option are sold. The company does not receive a tax deduction for this type of option.

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2. Nonqualified stock options (NSOs) in which the employee must pay income tax on the 'spread' between the value of the stock and the amount paid for the option. The company may receive a tax deduction on the 'spread'. How do Stock options work? An option is created that specifies that the owner of the option may 'exercise' the 'right' to purchase a companys stock at a certain price (the 'grant' price) by a certain (expiration) date in the future. Usually the price of the option (the 'grant' price) is set to the market price of the stock at the time the option was sold. If the underlying stock increases in value, the option becomes more valuable. If the underlying stock decreases below the 'grant' price or stays the same in value as the 'grant' price, then the option becomes worthless.

Merit Pay
Merit Pay is an incentive plan implemented on an institutional wide basis to give all employees an equal opportunity for consideration, regardless of funding source. The merit increase program is implemented when funds are designated for that purpose by the institution's administration, dependent upon the availability of funds and other constraints.

Advantages of merit pay

Allows the employer to differentiate pay given to high performers. Allows a differentiation between individual and company performance. Allows the employer to satisfactorily reward an employee for accomplishing a task that might not be repeated (such as implementation of new systems).

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GAIN SHARING Gain sharing is a technique that compensates workers based on improvements in the company's productivity. How does Gain sharing work? A Company shares productivity gains with the workforce. Workers voluntarily participate in management to accept responsibility for major reforms. This type of pay is based on factors directly under a workers control (i.e., productivity or costs). Gains are measured and distributions are made frequently through a predetermined formula. Because this pay is only implemented when gains are achieved, gain sharing plans do not adversely affect company costs. What are the 'Gains' that are measured? Increases in production with equal or less effort. Equal levels of production with less effort.

What are examples of Gain sharing formulas? Calculate gain in hours: The actual hours worked minus the expected hours (for the given level of output) equals the gain in hours.

Profit Sharing
Profit Sharing is an incentive based compensation program to award employees a percentage of the company's profits.

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How does Profit sharing work? The company contributes a portion of its pre-tax profits to a pool that will be distributed among eligible employees. The amount distributed to each employee may be weighted by the employee's base salary so that employees with higher base salaries receive a slightly higher amount of the shared pool of profits. Generally this is done on an annual basis How to Choose an Employee Stock Plan for Your Company:-Many companies we encounter have a pretty good idea of what kind of employee ownership plan they want to use, usually based on specific needs and goals. However, sometimes they might be better served by another kind of stock plan. And yet others say they'd like to have an employee ownership plan, but they're not sure what it might be. This article will start you down the path to choosing and implementing the plan or plans best suited to your company.

Assessment of plans for broad-based employee ownership

Let us begin by quickly reviewing the main possibilities for broad-based employee ownership. A "broad-based" plan is one in which most or all employees can participate. An employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) is a type of tax-qualified employee benefit plan in which most or all of the assets are invested in stock of the employer. Like profit sharing and 401(k) plans, which are governed by many of the same laws, an ESOP generally must include at least all full-time employees meeting certain age and service requirements. Employees do not actually buy shares in an ESOP. Instead, the company contributes its own shares to the plan, contributes cash to buy its own stock (often from an existing owner), or, most commonly, has the plan borrow money to buy stock, with the company repaying the loan. All of these uses have significant tax
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benefits for the company, the employees, and the sellers. Employees gradually vest in their accounts and receive their benefits when they leave the company (although there may be distributions prior to that). Over 8 million employees in over 11,000 companies, mostly closely held, participate in ESOPs. A stock option plan grants employees the right to buy company stock at a specified price during a specified period once the option has vested. So if an employee gets an option on 100 shares at $10 and the stock price goes up to $20, the employee can "exercise" the option and buy those 100 shares at $10 each, sell them on the market for $20 each, and pocket the difference. But if the stock price never rises above the option price, the employee will simply not exercise the option. Stock options can be given to as few or as few employees as you wish. Perhaps 7 to 10 million or more employees in thousands of companies, both public and private, presently hold stock options. An employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) is a little like a stock option plan. It gives employees the chance to buy stock, usually through payroll deductions over a 3to 27-month "offering period." The price is usually discounted up to 15% from the market price. Frequently, employees can choose to buy stock at a discount from the lower of the price either at the beginning or the end of the ESPP offering period, which can increase the discount still further. As with a stock option, after acquiring the stock the employee can sell it for a quick profit or hold onto it for awhile. Unlike stock options, the discounted price built into most ESPPs means that employees can profit even if the stock price has gone down since the grant date. Companies usually set up ESPPs as tax-qualified "Section 423" plans, which means that almost all full-time employees with 2 years or more of service must be allowed to participate (although in

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practice, many choose not to). Many millions of employees, almost always in public companies, are in ESPPs. Section 401(k) plan is a retirement plan that, unlike an ESOP, is designed to provide the employee with a diversified portfolio of investments. Like an ESOP, however, a 401(k) plan is a tax-qualified plan that generally must include all full-time employees meeting age and service requirements. The employees can choose among several or more choices for investments, and the company may make a matching contribution. Perhaps several million employees in a few thousand companies participate in plans with a heavy company stock component; company stock may be an investment choice for the employees and/or the means by which the company makes matching contributions. 401(k) plans may be combined with ESOPs (these are called "KSOPs"), where the company match is an ESOP contribution.

Employee ownership : companies pay less for workers' compensation costs

A study has found that employee ownership companies have lower workers' compensation insurance rates than comparable non-employee ownership firms. Leslie Hakala authored the study. She began the project as an NCEO research intern and completed it for a thesis requirement at Harvard University. The study was unable to ascribe a specific causal relationship between employee ownership and lower workers' compensation costs, but it did find that these costs declined as employee ownership plans matured. Background In 1989, the last year for which we have data, U.S. employers spent over $48 billion on workers' compensation costs. These costs grew at 16.9% per year in the mid-

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1980s. Cost increases were partly attributable to increased benefits mandated by state workers' compensation insurance reforms. At the same time, as employer provided health care coverage has declined, more employees sought to cover health problems under workers' compensation. Many people believe there has been increased fraud as well. Workers' compensation programs vary from state to state, but in most programs, insurers attempt to provide employers with an incentive to limit safety problems by developing an experience rating. The ratings compare an individual firm's experience with other firms of its type. If the rating is better than average, insurance premiums will be lower; if it is worse, they will go up. In this study, we looked only at California firms. In California, employers are assigned a "manual rate," an insurance rate expressed as a percentage of every $100 of payroll. Rates are assigned to all companies based on their industry classification. These rates are then adjusted for companies with a premium above a certain level according to their actual experience. This means smaller and less risky firms are not assigned an experience modification rating. The experience modification rate is set for each year based on three years of past experience, excluding the most recent year (because data are generally not yet available). The experience modification rate is determined by looking at actual experience modified by a size weighting factor. For larger firms, the adjustment may be very small; for smaller firms, actual experience is given a lower weight because a single incident can skew results dramatically. This weighted experience rating now becomes the "experience modification" figure. Theoretically, the average experience modification factor for any business classification should be 100%. A company with a good record would have a rating

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under 100%; a bad record would rate higher. These numbers are then multiplied by the manual rate to set the premium. In practice, the average rating is somewhat under 100.

IT companies write new ESOP story

Will I ever get to exercise my stock options? It's the one question haunting IT industry professionals sitting on piles of employee stock options. All those who happily grabbed at ESOP's issued by their companies last year, have now been left holding pieces of paper that are, in some cases, worth a fraction of the price at which employees brought into them. Except for a few who have benefited from older schemes like Infosys 1994 scheme, the great ESOPs dream is turning out to be a nightmare. Last year, if you were given ESOPs in an IT company, your friends, neighbours and everyone else went up like a blimp, companies issued ESOPs in cartloads. And employees brought into them, even at the higher prices that the grants came from. According to a study carried out by Nasscom, there were more than 10,000 IT staff last year holding around 18 million ESOPs valued at roughly Rs 12,000 crore($3 billion) at February '00 prices. But all this was merely on paper. A year later, the situation's something like this. Employees who were given ESOPs at the prices prevailing during the IT boom, had to sit back and watch their share prices hit the roof while they waited out the lock-in period. Now, they can exercise their options that is sell them, and pocket the difference between the exercise price at the time of the grant, and the current market price. It's resulted in a situation where employees have been left holding NIIT options which they would have to exercise at a price of Rs 1,593 or Silverline options, which they would have to exercise at a price of $25. At Visual Soft, for instance, all employees who were granted options

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have returned them to the company. Consequently, the company has terminated the ESOP scheme. Theoretically, an employee who exercised his option now, would have to buy at the exercise price, sell at the current market price, and pay out the difference.

ESOPs hardly beneficial

At the height of the IT euphoria in the markets, those employees saw their company's scripts scaling new heights, they could not benefit as the ESOP's had 1-2 year lock-in periods, and could not be sold. The lock-in period, also known as the vesting period in industry jargon, in the period during which the employee cannot convert his or her option into shares. To make matters worse, some companies has specified that the option had to be exercised, that is converted into shares, within a specified time frame after the locking period expired. For instance, this was one year in the case of Silverline, and 10 in the case of Aptech.

ESOP in indian context

Recent ESOPs No of Shares (Lakh) NIIT 18.1 Silverline 10.0 Patni 5.5 HCL Infosys 30.2 SSI 1.5 Wipro 3.5 Infosys 19.6 VisualSoft 0.2 Polaris 8.5 Plan Aug '04 Nov '04 Dec '04 Aug '04 Sep '04 Oct '04 Oct '04 Aug '04 Aug '04 Exercise Plans Vesting (Rs) Period (Yrs) 1,593 1 425 1.5-3.5 245* 1 289 NA 555 3 2,397 1-2 6,249 5 NA 1 480 5 Current Price (Rs) 162 41 54 72 164 1,485 3,532 116 120

EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLANS (ESPPS)

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Employee stock purchase plans (ESPPs) include both tax-qualified "423 plans," which about 2,400 companies offer, and nonqualified plans, which about 1,500 companies offer. Our estimates are based on data from Share Data's Equity Compensation Trends in America (1991), Hewitt Associates' On Employee Stock Ownership (1996), Hewitt Associates' Survey Findings: Employee Stock Purchase Plans (1998), and the National Association for Stock Plan Professionals' Stock Plan Design and Administration Survey (1998), especially the more recent studies. To estimate the number of employees covered under the plans, we took the total number of companies offering plans, multiplied those numbers by the average number of employees in the companies (13,207 for 423 plans and 17,790 for nonqualified plans), and multiplied that number by the average percentage of participation in the plans (34% for 423 plans and 17% for nonqualified ESPPs). Almost all companies with ESPPs are public. Multiple Plans: Many companies offer multiple e plans, and many employees participate in more than one plan. For example, many ESPP participants are also in 401(k), stock option, or other equity compensation plans. Hence, the total number of participants in all these plans is definitely not the total of the numbers in the "Number of participants" column.

ESOPS and corporate growth

A 2000 study by Joseph Blasi and Douglas Kruse at Rutgers Univerity found that ESOP companies grow 2.3% to 2.4% faster than would have been expected without an ESOP for sales, employment, and sales per employee. The study looked at all ESOP plans set up between 1988 and 1994 for which data was available. A 1987 NCEO study of 45 ESOP and 225 non-ESOP companies found that companies that

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combine employee ownership with a participative management style grow 8% to 11% per year faster than they would otherwise have been expected to grow based on how they had performed before these plans. Subsequent studies by the General Accounting Office and by academics in Washington State and New York found the same relationship. A 1999 study for Hewitt Associates by Hamid Mehran of Northwestern University found that the returns on assets for 382 publicly traded ESOP companies was 2.7% per year greater than what a model of their predicted performance would have been. Studies on participative management alone find a small positive impact on performance, but not nearly enough to explain the synergy between ownership and participation these other studies have found.

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HR PROBLEMS OF INDIAN IT PROFESSIONALS SURVEY ANALYSIS

SURVEY BACKGROUND HR management gets best out of its employees to meet the organizations goals. And employees are the best judge of the HR policies of any organizations. IT sector is fastly growing industry in India and HR requirements of Indian IT Industry are quit different from traditional industrial sectors.., a major characteristic of modern socio-economic development has been the increasingly dominant role of service sector and IT belongs to service sector. So, its HR needs must also be properly identified. Indian IT sector is contributing a large in employment and foreign exchange. A developing country like India can ill afford continued conflict ridden; rigid and litigation oriented Industrial Relations. What employees perceive about the emerging HR trends of the IT organizations has been measured. To measure the success and failures of emerging HR trends of Indian IT Industry a structured questionnaire was designed for this purpose. The questionnaire included both open ended and close ended questions. The questionnaire used is placed at Appendix "I". The procedure adopted for data collection was interview with the employees randomly selected from IT organizations to the extent possible and also through mail. The responses given by the respondents were recorded on the questionnaire. The views expressed by the respondents has been analyzed in the succeeding paragraphs. About 100 respondents were selected by convenient random sampling technique.

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Respondents Profile
The main features of the employees randomly selected sex-wise, education-wise and type of functions wise has been provided here in the succeeding paras. The 54 per cent of the respondents were Male and 46 per cent of the respondents were Female IT industry requires higher level of education standards, both non-technical and technical. The education qualification wise distribution of the employees who agreed for responding to our questionnaire has been given below in

Respondents Profile - Education-Wise (%age)

Respondents' Qualification Non-Tech Graduate and Below Non-Tech Post Graduate B.Tech/ BCA etc. M.Tech/MCA Etc. TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 11% 23% 34% 32% 100%

In the similar fashion the job wise profile of the respondents has also been compiled and the same is tabulated below in the Figure 5.2. As per Figure the IT industry is dominated by the software professionals and next computer hardware and marketing services of IT are sharing the other half. Only 13 percent are working in HR and Personnel Management area. Hence, the HR needs of IT industry must look after the software professionals at priority.

Whether hr needs of Indian IT industry are different

Through the Question No.2 of the questionnaire the respondents were asked to comment whether the HR needs of Indian IT industry are different from traditional HR Management systems. It was a direct question in Yes/NO/No comments format and IT professionals selected for survey were asked to tick one of the choices as mentioned.

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The responses have been tabulated. The majority of respondents (69%) view that HR needs of IT industry are different from old economy sector and HR managers in IT industry has to keep this into mind. Being highly educated employees are very

sensitive in pride and behaviour.

Emerging hr trends of Indian it industry are different (%age)

Respondents' Observation Yes No Can not say TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 69% 23% 08% 100%

Effect of new compensation methods

The IT industry has been devising newer compensation methods like Profit Sharing/ Stock Options etc. to increase employee welfare and retentively. Whether these new compensation techniques are positively effecting or not was the key point in our next question. As per Figure-5.4, 46% of the employees opined that newer compensation methods has a positive effect in IT industry while 19% said that it has a negative effect on employee welfare. 26% view that it has no major effect and 9 percent has replied in CAN NOT SAY. . In the initial stages when IT Industry was sunrise it was mostly welcomed by the employees and when IT industry share prices has gone down. It has a negative effect. Whether it industry has positive attitude towards its employees In has been found that in many organizations the management ignores the employees welfare for their profit sake and does not give proper attention towards employees career and prospects. What is the state of affairs in IT Industry in India was

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quizzed from our valued learned respondents. The respondents views are given below Table 5.5. The results are mixed one. While 48% of the respondents' replied in negative and 43% gave a positive reply. So, there is a profit motive operating more than employees proper welfare management in Indian IT Industry.

Whether it industry has a positive attitude towards its employees (%age)

Respondents' Observation Yes No No comments TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 43% 48% 09% 100%

State of grievances handling in Indian IT industry

The respondents responses to the status of grievances handling mechanism was through an indirect approach. In the Question No. 5 of the questionnaire the respondents were to comment upon the positive hypothesis that grievance handling is done properly in the IT organization. The five choices provided were strongly agree, agree, no comments, disagree and strongly disagree. The data collected.

Grievance handling in Indian IT industry is proper (%age)

Respondents' Observation Strongly Agree Agree No Comments Disagree Strongly Disagree TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 12% 39% 14% 26% 09% 100%

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Only 12 respondents strongly agree to the statement and similarly a small number of 9 respondents strongly disagreed with this. Only 14 percent have nothing to comment. 39 percent agree that The grievance handling IN Indian IT industry is done properly and remaining 26 percent disagree with it.

Top management awareness

Whether top management awareness about working conditions of the employees and state of working conditions in the organization was measured through next question. Table-5.7 shows the response. 65% of the respondents view that the top management's are not aware or little aware about the employees working conditions in the IT organizations Only 6 percent vouched that top management is very well aware about the nature of working conditions and 18 percent say "Much Aware".

Top management awareness (%age)

Respondents' Observation Not at all aware Very little aware Some what aware Much aware Very much aware TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 20% 45% 11% 18% 06% 100%

Employee employer relationship in IT industry

Cordial employee employer relationship is very essential in the upcoming highly competitive economy. The state of employee employer relationship in Indian IT Industry was measured through the next question. The state of employee-employer relationship is not very encouraging.

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State of employee employer relationship in IT industry (%age)

Respondents Grading Excellent Very Good Satisfactory Poor TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 14% 44% 28% 14% 100%

58 percent of the respondents has graded it very good and above. While 42 percent consider it satisfactory and below. The employment of modern technology requires more positive and effective relationship between management and the employees. Indian IT Industry has very effective employee employer relationship.

Employees retentivity in Indian IT industry

The most of the employees of IT sector are highly educated and sensitive in nature. Moreover, the opportunities outside are very attractive, whether Indian IT Industry is able to retain its employees was the next opinion query from the randomly selected IT industry employees. Their opinions in this regard are presented below in "YES/NO/NO COMMENTS" format. 61% of the employees view that Indian IT companies are unable to retain its employees due to most attractive avenues outside. Only 23% viewed that they are able to retain the employees.

How to increase employees retentivity in Indian IT industry

As has been observed in general and also concluded in previous paras that the IT sector employees in India are very quickly jumping the employment. So, what the employers has to do for retaining its professionals was asked from the respondents. Few suggestions were listed and one column was open ended to express their any other suggestion.

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Suggestions for increase retentivity in Indian IT industry (%age)

Respondents' Suggestions Increase wages to international levels Increase foreign postings Increase profit sharing More promotions Others TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 22% 36% 10% 11% 21% 100%

A 22% of the respondents has suggested to increase the wages to international level to increase employees retentively in Indian IT industry. 36% want more foreign postings, 10% suggest increase profit sharing and 11% suggested more promotions. 21% of the other suggestions included lateral induction from lower the institutes and better HR management.

Applicability of existing Indian labour laws in Indian IT industry

"Existing Indian labour Laws/Rules are not strictly applicable to Indian IT Industry as IT sector employees are quite different from general factory workers and are well educated and trained. The separate Labour to whether as a Laws/Rules should be designed for IT Industry:. This hypothesis was presented to the respondents. They were to respond upto which extent they agree or disagree. The employees responses have been tabulated below in the Table 5.11. The comfortable majority of respondents (89%) strongly agree or agree with the hypothesis that Indian IT sector requires separate labour management system/ regulations. While only minority of 13% has given divergent views.

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INDIAN IT INDUSTRY REQUIRE

Separate labour laws/ rules (%age)

Respondents' Observation Strongly Agree Agree No Comments Disagree Strongly Disagree TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 57 % 32 % 02% 07% 02% 100%

Effectiveness of old agitational methods in IT industry

Whether IT industry can afford old traditional trade union methods of agitations like Strike or Gherao etc. was also asked from the employees. The question was direct in nature of Yes or No. As has been listed in Figure 5.12 below, 67% of the respondents has given their reply in No and 28% answered in affirmative. 5% has ticked No Comments choice. So, it is concluded that old agitational techniques of trade unions are not desired in IT industry.

Effects of excessive competition in Indian IT industry

Whether excessive competition in Indian IT sector is harming the overall long term prospects of employees in this sector The respondents opinion is tabulated. The table above clearly indicates that excessive competition is observed as harmful to the employees prospects. . 53 percent of the respondents has replied in Yes to this question. While 35% has a negative viewpoint.

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Excessive competition is harming employees long term welfare (%age)

Respondents' Observation Yes No No Comments TOTAL Percentage Of Respondents 53% 35% 12% 100%

Role of trade union in IT industry

The respondents were asked to comment upon whether Indian IT Industry needs a trade union or management's are looking after the employees interest in the best possible manner. The Table 5.14 shows the responses in this regard.

Role of trade union in IT industry (%age)

Respondents Grading Percentage Of Respondents No Trade Union 21% Single Trade Union 13% Multi Trade Union 09% Only welfare association 57% Total 100% The largest 57 percent of the respondents view that there should be only welfare association in Indian IT industry. 21% need no trade union and 13% like single trade union only. 9 percent of the respondents opted for multi trade union.

Overall assessment of emerging hr trends in Indian IT industry

In the end respondents were asked to give their overall assessment/ grading of emerging HR trends in Indian IT Industry. The overall assessment on five point scales of excellent, very good, good, satisfactory and poor is tabulated. 65% of the respondents were in positive grading of excellent, very good and good. While 35% gave a assessment of satisfactory.

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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

The era of skill-based workers has arrived but if India wants to truly move to the global arena, it has to spruce up its workforce. Small may be beautiful, but not in the IT industry. In the knowledge era and a skill-based economy, it has become imperative that human resources become one of the most essential ingredients of success. The growth of IT companies worldwide depends on its people and the intellectual capital it possesses. Knowledge workers has become a buzzword in todays IT scenario. And if we look at the top software exporters, they have been growing phenomenally in workforce strength. To make it big in the global software market, India needs to increase its mass of knowledge workers. The establishment of Indian Institutes of Information Technology is definitely a step ahead in the right direction, but what the industry needs is experts in niche areas, in other words, persons with domain expertise. In the era of cutting-edge technologies, it is this skilled workforce that will make all the difference. The total human resource strength of the IT industry as a whole stands at 425,609. A company-wise break-up of this figure reveals that nearly 525 companies constituting 35% of the IT industry employ an average of 58 persons each, 750 companies constituting 50% of the industry employ an average of 275 persons each, and 150 companies constituting 10% of the industry employ an average of 726 persons each. At least 40 companies have more than 1,000 employees, while some very big companies like TCS, Wipro, HCL and Infosys have staffs above 5,000 each.

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Despite having abundant English-speaking skilled workforce, an acute shortage of skilled workforce will affect the countrys software exports in the long run, if remedial actions are not taken immediately. Geometrical growth of Information Technology in the world as well as India, has created lot of revenues for government and number of avenues for employees. The introduction of computers has changed the way of life every where, including work places and our homes. The life has become quite fast and speed of provisioning of different services has also increased. But all this activities are being managed by number of well qualified professionals. They may be from computer hardware developers, software engineers or marketing managers. As the things are running fast, so they have to be managed fast. These fastness of services and higher level of education/training standards are not easy to manage by the organisations concerned. As we already know that Human Resource Management of the organization deals with the individuals putting their hard work to meet the organisations goals. Managing people is the toughest element of any organization than land, machinery or finances. Every human beings has its own degree of preferences, likings and attitude. So, HR managers has to take care of all these things in mind while dealing with the number of people working in the organization. Different type of employees/workers recruited for different level of working has to be managed in different styles. The hundreds years of organizational management experience has been converted into a standard personnel management and industry and service organisations are following these HR techniques for their organizational management. Due to availability of written down procedures and rules by the learned managers, it was felt that HR managing was not so typical.

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But, emerging HR trends of Information Technology industry can not be managed properly by the old traditional HR techniques. As it is commonly known that man learns by experience. 50 years of introduction of computers has provided us the areas to be additionally addressed by the HR managers in IT sector. Indian IT industry is not an exception. Moreover, due to existence of old conservative .and protective labour laws it is not possible to meet the ever-growing international competition in the IT services. Hence, the IT industry has been devising newer Personnel Management/ HR techniques which specifically meet the needs of IT industry. The main reason for this is high standards of education and professional training required for this industry. Secondly, there is excessive job demands for developed countries in this sector and high wage standards. So, HR managers mainly in developing countries like India find it very difficult to retain and recruit their manpower. HR managers worldwide has devised handsome compensation methods like Profit Sharing, Employee Stock Option Schemes ESOP etc. Though over the period few schemes has flopped like ESOP due to heavy fall in company share prices.

Respondents Observations
As given out in Chapter 1, the employees opinion survey regarding status of HR management in Indian IT Industry and success of emerging HR trends was conducted through the use of a structured questionnaire. The survey was conducted by randomly selecting 100 persons working in Indian IT Industry. The respondents observations in this respect are described in brief in the following paragraphs

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The 54% of the were Male and 46 per cent of the respondents were Female. It was observed that IT industry is dominated by the software professionals (46%), computer hardware and marketing services of IT are sharing the other half. The respondents were asked to comment whether the HR needs of Indian IT industry are different from traditional HR Management systems.. The majority of respondents (69%) view that HR needs of IT industry are different from old economy sector and HR managers in IT industry has to keep this into mind. The IT industry has been devising newer compensation methods like Profit Sharing/ Stock Options etc. to increase employee welfare and receptivity. 46% of the employees opined that newer compensation methods has a positive effect in IT industry while 26% said that it has a negative effect on employee welfare. As per 48% of the respondents IT organisation has more concern for profit motive than employees welfare. While 43% were not agree to this proposition 51 percent of the respondents strongly agree/agree to the statement that grievance are handled properly in the Indian IT industry. While 33% think otherwise. Whether top management awareness about working conditions of the employees and state of working conditions in the IT organisations, 65% of the respondents view that the top management's are not aware or little aware about the employees working conditions in the IT organisations . Only 4 percent vouched that top management is very well aware about the nature of working conditions and 16 percent say "Much Aware". Cordial employee employer relationship is very essential in the upcoming highly competitive economy. The state of employee employer relationship in Indian IT

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Industry was measured through the next question. The state of employee-employer relationship is very encouraging. 58 percent of the respondents has graded it very good and above. While 42 percent consider it satisfactory and below. Whether Indian IT Industry is able to retain its employees was the a query from the randomly from IT industry employees. 61% of the employees view that Indian IT companies are unable to retain its employees due to most attractive avenues outside . 22% of the respondents has suggested to increase the wages to international level to increase employees retentivity in Indian IT industry. 36% want more foreign postings, 10% suggest increase profit sharing and 11% suggested more promotions. 21% of the other suggestions included lateral induction directly institutions and better HR management. Existing Indian labour Laws/Rules are not strictly applicable to Indian IT Industry as IT sector employees are quite different from general factory workers and are well educated and trained. The separate Labour Laws/Rules should be designed for IT Industry:. This hypothesis was presented to the respondents. The majority of respondents (89%) strongly agree or agree with the hypothesis that Indian IT sector requires separate labour management system/ regulations. While only minority of 11% has given divergent views. Further, 67% of the respondents has opined that old agitational techniques of trade unions are not desired in IT industry. Whether excessive competition in Indian IT sector is harming the overall long term prospects of employees in this sector. 53 percent of the respondent has replied in Yes to this question. While 35 percent has a negative viewpoint.

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The largest 57 percent of the respondents view that there should be only welfare association in Indian IT industry. 21% need no trade union and 13% like single trade union only.. 9 percent of the respondents opted for multi trade union. In the end respondents were asked to give their overall assessment/ grading of emerging trends of Indian IT industry. The overall assessment on five point scales of excellent, very good, good, satisfactory and poor. 65% of the respondents were in positive grading of excellent, very good and good. While 35% gave a assessment of satisfactory and poor. CONCLUSION Hence, it can be concluded that Emerging HR trends of Indian It industry are quite different from the old economy industry. India is considered one of Super Power in Information Technology and allied fields. Majority of world leaders in IT sector are outsourcing their requirements from Indian IT Industry and recruiting Indian IT professionals. Hence, the Indian Government must allow the Industry to meet international competition and desired environment in respect of Labour Laws and financial rules must be liberalized for this Indian IT Industry. Moreover, HR managers in Indian IT Industry must keep the sensitive nature of IT professionals and state of greater opportunities outside in mind for devising HR policies for their organisations China is also entering this area vigorously and Government of India must help Indian It industry to meet this challenge.

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APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PROJECT STUDY ON EMERGING HR TRENDS IN INDIAN IT INDUSTRY Dear Sir/Madam, I am a management student of DR. VIRENDRA SWRUP INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES. As part of course I a undertaking this project study. I would a request you to kindly answer a few questions. This questionnaire gives you the opportunity to express your opinion regarding various aspects of emerging HR trends in Indian a new IT Sector. As you are all aware that Information Technology (IT) industry is achieving a great success in Indian employment context. As you are to a part of IT industry and must be observing that the HR trends of IT sector are quite different from the conventional old economy sectors. The results shall be submitted to the university in the report format for the usage of researchers and other concerned authorities. As is the case for entire study, no individual will be identified. Only group averages will be reported. Thanking You Date .....

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QUESTIONNAIRE

Personal Profile of the Respondent 1. (a) Place of survey.................................. (b) Name............................................. (c) Address........................................... (d) Male/Female....................................... (e) Educational qualifications: (i) Non Tech Graduate or below (ii) Non-Tech Post-Graduate (iii) B.Tech/BCA etc. (iv) M.Tech/MCA/MBA (f) Your Nature of Job: (i) Computer Hardware (ii) Computer Software (iii) Marketing Services of IT (iv) HR/ Personnel management

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2.

Whether you feel that HR needs of Indian IT sector are different from old HR practices.(Please Tick) (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) Can Not Say

3.

Whether new compensating methods being adopted by the various IT companies are positively effecting the employees welfare? (i) Positive Effect (ii) Negative Effect (iii) No Effect (iv) Can Not Say

4.

"Indian IT sector companies has a positive attitude towards its employees and are not neglecting their welfare and prospects for their profit sake." Do you agree with the statement. (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) No Comments

5.

"The grievances of the employees in Indian IT sectors are handled properly". To what extent do you with this statement. (i) Strongly Agree

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(ii) Agree (iii)No Comments (iv) Disagree (v) Strongly Disagree 6. How much do you think the top management of your organisation is aware of the working conditions of its employees? (i) Not at all aware (ii) Very little aware (iii) Somewhat aware (iv) Much aware (v) Very much aware 7. What is the state of employee employer relationship in Your Organisation (i) Excellent (ii) Very Good (iii) Satisfactory (iv) Poor 8. The most of the employees of Indian IT sector or highly educated and sensitive in nature. Moreover, the opportunities outside are very

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attractive, Whether Indian IT Industry is able to retain its employees. (Please Tick) (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) Comments 9. What the HR managers of Indian IT sector should do to increase the retentivity rate of its employees (Please Tick) (i) Increase wages to international level ii) Increase foreign postings iii) Increase profit sharing (iv) More promotions (v) Any other(please specify) __________________________ 10. "Existing Indian labour Laws/Rules are not strictly applicable to Indian IT Industry as IT sector employees are quite different from general factory workers and are well educated and trained. The separate Labour Laws/Rules should be designed for IT Industry:. Do you agree with this proposition. (i) Strongly Agree (ii) Agree iii) No Comments

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(iv) Disagree (v) Strongly Disagree 11. Whether old methods of employees association/trade union like strike or Gherao etc. are desirable in Indian IT Sector (Please Tick) (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) No Comments 12. In your view whether excessive competition in Indian IT sector is harming the overall long term prospects of employees in this sector. (i) Yes (ii) No (iii) No Comments 13. Whether do you feel there is any roll of trade union in the IT Industry? (i) No Trade Union (ii) Single Union (iii) Multi Union (iv) Only welfare association (iv) Can not say 14. Give your overall assessment of HR Management in Indian It Industry.

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(i) Excellent (ii) Very Good (iii) Good (iii) Satisfactory (iv) Poor 15. Please give your comments and suggestions to bring further improvement in HR Management in Indian IT Industry. Thank You,

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