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Duobinary Signaling PDF
Duobinary Signaling PDF
From: Sklar, Ch. 2, Section 2.9 Correlative Coding = Partial Response Signaling Special Case: Duobinary Signaling = Class 1 Partial Response Signaling Recall Nyquists claim from 1928: It is possible to tx Rs symbols/sec with no ISI in (minimum) bandwidth of W = Rs/2. But: it requires a brick-wall filter to obtain the Nyquist pulse shape. Adam Lender, 1963: It is possible to tx Rs symbols/sec with no ISI in (minimum) bandwidth of W = Rs/2. And: infinitely-sharp pulse-shaping filters are not required. Technique - Duobinary signaling: use controlled ISI to your advantage (to cancel out the ISI at the detector)
ECE 561
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noise
t = kT
Decoder channel yk
xk
Delay T
yk = xk + xk-1
1/(2T)
Say binary sequence [xk] is txd at rate Rs symbols/sec, over a system with bandwidth W = Rs/2 = 1/(2T) Note: the brick-wall filter is just a model; it wont really be used in our final actual system (recall: not realizable) Also note: symbols yk are not independent (each carries memory of the previous symbol) in other words, the yks are correlated
ECE 561 D. van Alphen 2
noise
t = kT
Decoder yk channel
xk
Delay T
yk = xk + xk-1
1/(2T)
Decoding: xk = yk xk-1
If we could realize the brick-wall filter, there would be no ISI, so: in the absence of noise, yk = yk Duobinary decoding: since yk = xk + xk-1 : Assume xk
ECE 561
xk = yk xk-1
{ 1},
so
yk
{0,
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data 0
-1 ___ ___ ___
1
1 ___ ___ ___
0
-1 ___ ___ ___
1
1 ___ ___ ___
1
1 ___ ___ ___
data 0
-1 ___ ___ ___
xk (bipolar) -1
Given ref and data values; Binary Bipolar Encode: yk = xk + xk-1 Decode: xk = yk xk-1 Bipolar Binary
ECE 561
D. van Alphen
Given ref and data values; Pre-code: wk = xk wk-1 Binary Bipolar Encode: yk = wk + wk-1 Decode: 2 0, 0 1
binary
[xk]
mod-2 add
wk wk-1 wk-1
Decoder
yk channel
xk
Delay T
1/(2T)
yk = wk + wk-1
ECE 561 D. van Alphen
x(t)
Delay T
= T [ej
So: |Heq(f)| = 2T cos(2 fT), |f| < 1/(2T) Phase response: corresponds to time delay T/2
-1/(2T)
ECE 561 D. van Alphen
1/(2T)
8
1.5
1 0.8
|Heq(f)|
heq(t)
0.5
0 -0.2
0 -1
-0.5
0 f/T
0.5
-0.4 -2
-1
0 t/T
fT ,
sinc
Duobinary Equivalent Filter is called: a cosine filter Not the same as the raised cosine or RC filter of Ch. 3
Implementation: xk
ECE 561
precode
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wk
Heq(f)
9
Depending on the severity of the ISI, duobinary may perform better than BPSK
ECE 561
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10
See Charan Langtons Tutorial 16: Partial Response Signaling, for a discussion of all the other variations (Classes 1 5, pros and cons)
ECE 561
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11