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    The document discusses oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis in mitochondria. It provides key concepts about how the energy from oxidation of fuels is converted to ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This involves the transfer of electrons to oxygen and synthesis of ATP, which takes place in mitochondria. The number and location of mitochondria varies by tissue depending on energy demands. The document also outlines what the reader should understand, including how the energy from electron transport is transformed into ATP's high-energy phosphate bonds and chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis. Figures illustrate components of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

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    The document discusses oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis in mitochondria. It provides key concepts about how the energy from oxidation of fuels is converted to ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This involves the transfer of electrons to oxygen and synthesis of ATP, which takes place in mitochondria. The number and location of mitochondria varies by tissue depending on energy demands. The document also outlines what the reader should understand, including how the energy from electron transport is transformed into ATP's high-energy phosphate bonds and chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis. Figures illustrate components of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    50 views11 pages

    Biochemistry Lect 5 2011 Colour 2 Slides Per Page

    Uploaded by

    yr0668
    The document discusses oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis in mitochondria. It provides key concepts about how the energy from oxidation of fuels is converted to ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This involves the transfer of electrons to oxygen and synthesis of ATP, which takes place in mitochondria. The number and location of mitochondria varies by tissue depending on energy demands. The document also outlines what the reader should understand, including how the energy from electron transport is transformed into ATP's high-energy phosphate bonds and chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis. Figures illustrate components of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 11

    Fig. 4.

    6 Control of the citric acid cycle

    From: Biochemistry, 5th Edition, Berg, Tymoczico and Stryer

    LECTURE 5: You just cant get away from electrons!


    Key Concepts (the big picture): the energy from the oxidation of fuels is converted to ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation involves the transfer of electrons to oxygen and the synthesis of ATP oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria the location and number of mitochondria is correlated with the energy demands of different tissues

    WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW!! You should: should

    understand how the energy gy from the transport p of electrons to O2 is transformed into the high energy phosphate bonds of ATP. understand why the net yield of oxidative phosphorylation is about 1.5 2.5 moles of ATP per mole of NADH oxidized or 1.5 moles of ATP per mole of FADH2 oxidized. oxidized be familiar with the electron transport carriers which transfer electrons from NADH/FADH2 to O2 understand the chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis and the role of ATP synthase

    Reading: (for onon-line testing)

    Fig. 5.1 The catabolism of various food molecules

    Fig. 5.2 Free-energy change during electron transport

    Fig 5.3: Oxidative metabolism in mitochondria

    Starvation and stress-induced elongation of mitochondria.

    - starvation elicits a number of cellular responses to retrieve nutrients - mitochondrial fusion enhances ATP production

    Fig. 5.4a: Essence of oxidative phosphorylation

    Oxidation and ATP synthesis are coupled by transmembrane proton fluxes

    From: Biochemistry (5th edition) Berg, Tymoczico and Stryer)

    Fig 5.4b Schematic representation of the link between respiration and p ATP production Step 1 Step 2

    PROTON MOTIVE FORCE (CHEMI-OSMOTIC GRADIENT) Step 3

    From Bioenergetics An Introduction to the Chemiosmotic Theory David G. Nicholls. Academic Press London New York 1982

    Animation: Chemiosmosis: How the mitochondrial membrane couples electron transport to oxidative phosphorylation

    Animation: Chemiosmosis: How the mitochondrial membrane couples electron transport to oxidative phosphorylation

    FAD FADH2

    Fig. 5.5 Chemiosmosis

    Oxidized and reduced form of Coenzyme Q/Ubiquinone

    Succinate Dehydrogenase

    ELECTRON TRANSFER COMPLEXES COMPLEX 1 NADH DEHYDROGENASE contains FMN and FeS COMPLEX 2 SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE- contains FAD and FeS COMPLEX 3 CYTOCHROME bc1 contains heme and FeS COMPLEX 4 CYTOCHROME c OXIDASE- contains heme and Cu

    CYTOCHROME c and CoQ

    Fig. 6.5 Chemiosmosis

    Electron Micrograph of mitochondrion showing ATP Synthase

    10

    Fig 5.6: ATP synthase, a molecular machine

    INTERMEMBRANE SPACE

    H+ Rotor

    H+ ions flowing down their gradient enter a half channel in a stator, which is anchored in the membrane. H+ ions enter binding sites within a rotor, changing the shape of each subunit so that the rotor spins within the membrane membrane. Each H+ ion makes one complete turn before leaving the rotor and passing through a second half channel in the stator into the mitochondrial matrix. Spinning of the rotor causes an internal rod to spin as well. This rod extends like a stalk into the knob below it, which is held stationary by part of the stator.

    Stator

    Internal rod Catalytic knob ADP + P


    i

    ATP

    MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX

    Turning of the rod activates catalytic sites in the knob that produce ATP from ADP and Pi.

    11

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