The document discusses the superposition theorem and provides examples of how to use it to solve for currents and voltages in circuits with multiple sources. The superposition theorem states that the current or voltage across a circuit element is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced independently by each source. Several circuit problems are worked through step-by-step using the superposition theorem to find currents through specific resistors.
The document discusses the superposition theorem and provides examples of how to use it to solve for currents and voltages in circuits with multiple sources. The superposition theorem states that the current or voltage across a circuit element is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced independently by each source. Several circuit problems are worked through step-by-step using the superposition theorem to find currents through specific resistors.
The document discusses the superposition theorem and provides examples of how to use it to solve for currents and voltages in circuits with multiple sources. The superposition theorem states that the current or voltage across a circuit element is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced independently by each source. Several circuit problems are worked through step-by-step using the superposition theorem to find currents through specific resistors.
Superposition theorem:the current through or voltage across
an element in a linear bilateral network is equal to the algebraic sum of the currents or voltages produced independently by each source. Example: find the current through R 2 for all resistor value of 100 , vs 1 =10v and vs 2 =5v for the figure shown below(Thomas,L,Floyd).
Set vs 2 =0v(short circuit) the circuit become as shown below:
The current through R 2 is I 2 =I/2 , I=v/R T , R T =100+100/2=150, I=10/150, I 2 =5/150 Set vs 1 =0v(short circuit) the circuit become as shown below:
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The current through R 2 is I 2 =I/2 , I=v/R T , R T =100+100/2=150, I=5/150, I 2 =2.5/150 The total current through vs 1 and vs 2 is I 2 =5/150+2.5/150 H.W finds the current through R 1 and R 3. H.W for the above example reversing vs 1 and finds the required value. Example:for the circuit shown below find the current through 10 resistor using superposition theorem.
Solution: Setting 2A and 1A off(open circuit) The circuit become as shown below
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The voltage across 10 ohm resistor using voltage divider rule V 10 =10*10/(10+20+30)=1.67v Setting 10 v off (short circuit) and 2A off(open circuit) the circuit become
The current through 10 ohm resistor is I 10 =1*30/60 (current divider rule) I 10 =.5 Amp And voltage across 10 ohm is V 10 =I*R=10*.5=5volt Setting 10v off and 1A off the circuit become
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The current through 10 ohm resistor is I 10 =2*50/60=1.67 And the voltage across 10 ohm resistor is V 10 =I*R=1.67*10=16.67 volt The net voltage across 10 ohm resistor is V 10 =V 10v +V 2A -V 1A =1.67+16.67-5=13.34VOLT H.W reversing the polarity off sources the find the current through 30 ohm resistor Example:
Setting 5A off the circuit become
The current through 3ohm is I 3A =2*5/10=1 Amp
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Setting 2A off the circuit become
The current through 3 ohm is I 3A =5*3/10=1.5 Amp The net current through 10 ohm is I 3A =I 5A +I 3A =1+1.5=2.5Amp Example: using superposition theorem finds the current through 10 ohm resistor for the circuit shown below.
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When 6A and 18V is off the circuit become as shown below
The current through 10 ohm resistor can be found as follows R T =(((10//6)+4)//8)+8=11.937 I T =V/R T =12/11.937=1.005 Amp The current through 7.75 ohm resistor is
I 7.75 =1.005*8/15.75=-0.51Amp I 10 =0.51*6/16=0.19Amp When 12 and 18 volt is off the circuit become
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And simplify to
When 6A and 12 volt are off The circuit become
Simplify the circuit to become
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Finally the total current through 10 ohm resistor is
Example :for the circuit shown below find the current through 4 ohm resistor using(h.w) 1)nodal method 2)loop method 3)by inspection 4)superposition theorem Then decide which method you prefer
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Repeat the above exercise for the following circuits: