Nanocarbon HDP
Nanocarbon HDP
Nanocarbon HDP
= =
Radio wave:
Antenna
Dipole
~ 3/4 m
Dekker, Phys. Today May
(1999) 22
Nanotube
Application
MHz
m
s
m
c
f 100 ~
3
10 3
8
= =
Radio wave:
Optical wave:
L
nm L 500 ~ 2 / ~
Flat screen displays
Application
Plasma TV
Flat screen displays
Saito et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 37 (1998) L346.
Application
Field emission
Atomic Force Microscopy
Application
Atomic Force Microscopy
Application
E
l
d
r
i
d
S
v
s
a
n
d
,
I
F
E
,
K
j
e
l
l
e
r
Atomic force microscopy
Wong, Lieber et al.
Nature 394 (1998) 52.
Application
Tube or cone
Chemical probe
Yarn
Zhang, Atkinson and Baughman,
Science 306 (2004) 1358.
Application
Yarn
Zhang, Atkinson and Baughman,
Science 306 (2004) 1358.
Application
MWCNT
Operational -196
o
C < T < 450
o
C
Electrical conducting
Toughness comparable to Kevlar
No rapture in knot
Hydrogen storage
2 H
2
(g) + O
2
(g) 2 H
2
O (l) + energy
H
2
(200 bar)
Schlapbach & Zttel, Nature 414 (2001) 353
Application
H
2
(liquid)
LaNi
5
H
6
Mg
2
NiH
3.16 wt% 1.37 wt%
Hydrogen storage
Aim: 5 - 7 wt% H
2
SWCNT
- Dillon et al. (1997) : 8 wt%
(questionable)
- Tarasov et al. (2003): 2.4
wt% reversible, 25 bar H
2
, -
150
o
C.
Cones
- Mealand & Skjeltorp,
(2001) US Patent 6,290,753
Application
Eldrid Svsand, IFE Kjeller
Warnings
Environment and health
No scale-up production of fullerenes and tubes
No scale-up design, yet.
Conclusion
Conclusion
Nanocarbon
- fullerene - most symmetrical
- tubes - strongest
- cones - one of the sharpest
- carbon black - large production
Properties
- electrical, mechanical, thermal, storage, caging
Applications
- antenna, composite, writing, field emission,
transistor, yarn, microscopy, storage
Conclusion
Commercial
Companies: ~ 20 worldwide
- Carbon Nanotechnologies Inc. (CNI)
- SES Research
- n-Tec
Prices:
- Tubes: pure SWCNT $500 / gram (CNI)
MWCNT 20-50 / gram (n-Tec)
- C
60
: pure $100-200 / gram (SES Research)
- Cones: Multi 1 / gram (n-Tec)
- Gold : $10 / gram