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    The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is a standardized system that allows lossless romanization of Indic scripts used in Sanskrit and related languages. IAST represents the phonemes of Sanskrit and allows phonetic transcription. It is based on a standard established in 1894 and allows capitalization for proper names. IAST is mostly consistent with the more comprehensive ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts, with a few minor differences in representing certain letters.

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    asdsadAlphadasdasd Translsaterasdasdasdasdasationasdasdasdasdasdasdsadasdsa

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    The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is a standardized system that allows lossless romanization of Indic scripts used in Sanskrit and related languages. IAST represents the phonemes of Sanskrit and allows phonetic transcription. It is based on a standard established in 1894 and allows capitalization for proper names. IAST is mostly consistent with the more comprehensive ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts, with a few minor differences in representing certain letters.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    400 views3 pages

    International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration

    Uploaded by

    madhan4raaz
    The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST) is a standardized system that allows lossless romanization of Indic scripts used in Sanskrit and related languages. IAST represents the phonemes of Sanskrit and allows phonetic transcription. It is based on a standard established in 1894 and allows capitalization for proper names. IAST is mostly consistent with the more comprehensive ISO 15919 standard for transliterating Indic scripts, with a few minor differences in representing certain letters.

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    International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration

    The International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (I.A.S.T.) is a transliteration scheme


    that allows a lossless romanization of Indic scripts as employed by the Sanskrit language. It is
    also used to romanize Pi, Prkta and Apabhraa.
    Use
    IAST is especially used for books dealing with ancient Sanskrit and Pi topics related to Indian
    religions. The script is, however, insufficient to represent both Sanskrit and Pi on the same
    page properly because the (l with underdot), a vowel in Sanskrit (vocalic /l/), is the retroflex
    consonant in Pi ([]). Here it is better to follow Unicode and ISO 15919, which is in any case a
    more comprehensive scheme.
    IAST is based on a standard established by the International Congress of Orientalists at Geneva
    in 1894.
    [1][2]
    It allows a lossless transliteration of Devangar (and other Indic scripts, such as
    rad script); and, as such, it represents not only the phonemes of Sanskrit, but allows
    essentially phonetic transcription, e.g., visarga is an allophone of word-final r and s.
    The National Library at Kolkata romanization, intended for the romanization of all Indic scripts,
    is an extension of IAST.
    Inventory and conventions
    The IAST letters are listed with their Devangar equivalents and phonetic values in IPA, valid
    for Sanskrit, Hindi and other modern languages that use Devanagari script. Some phonological
    changes have occurred.
    Vowels and codas
    Devangar Transcription Category
    a A
    monophthongs
    & syllabic liquids

    i I

    u U





    e E
    diphthongs
    ai Ai
    o O
    au Au
    anusvara
    visarga
    '

    avagraha
    Consonants
    velars palatals retroflexes dentals
    labial
    s

    k K

    c C



    t T

    p P
    tenuis stops

    kh Kh

    ch Ch

    h h

    th Th

    ph Ph
    aspirated stops

    g G

    j J



    d D

    b B
    voiced stops

    gh Gh

    jh Jh

    h h

    dh Dh

    bh Bh
    breathy-voiced stops







    n N

    m M
    nasal stops

    h H

    y Y

    r R

    l L

    v V
    approximants






    s S
    sibilants
    The highlighted letters are those modified with diacritics, e.g., long vowels are marked with an
    over-line, vocalic (syallabic) consonants and retroflexes have an under-dot.
    Unlike ASCII-only romanizations such as ITRANS or Harvard-Kyoto, the diacritics used for
    IAST allow capitalization of proper names. The capital variants of letters which never occur
    word-initially ( ) are useful only in Pini contexts, where the convention is to typeset
    the IT sounds as capital letters.
    Comparison with ISO 15919
    For the most part, IAST is a subset of ISO 15919. The following five exceptions are due to the
    ISO standard accommodating an extended repertoire of symbols to allow transliteration of
    Devangar and other Indic scripts as used for languages other than Sanskrit.
    Devangar IAST ISO 15919 Comment
    / e ISO e represents / .
    / o ISO o represents /.

    ISO represents Gurmukhi tippi .
    / r ISO represents //.
    / r for consistency with .

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