Astm D1640 PDF
Astm D1640 PDF
Astm D1640 PDF
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
various stages and rates of film formation in the drying or
curing of organic coatings normally used under conditions of
ambient room temperature.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 202 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Untreated
Paper Used for Electrical Insulation2
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels3
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers3
D 2091 Test Method for Print Resistance of Lacquers4
2.2 U.S. Government Standards:
Fed. Spec. No. CCC-C-440, Cheesecloth5
Fed. Spec. No. CCC-C-419b, Type III, Army Duck5
2.3 TAPPI Standards:6
T 402 Standard Conditioning and Testing Atmospheres for
Paper, Board, Pulp Handsheets, and Related Products
5. Test Conditions
5.1 Conduct all drying tests in a well-ventilated room or
chamber, free from direct drafts (Note 1), dust, products of
combustion, laboratory fumes and under diffused light (see
5.4). Make all measurements at a temperature of 23 6 2C and
50 6 5 % relative humidity with the coated panels in a
horizontal position while drying.
NOTE 1A device to equalize air change conditions has been developed by F. Scofield.7 Relative humidity should be controlled for moisturecured and two-package urethane coatings, since their cure is greatly
affected by the existing moisture conditions.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Film.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1995. Published April 1995. Originally
published as D 1640 59 T. Last previous edition D 1640 83 (1989) e1.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
6
Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Technology Park, P.O. Box 105113, Atlanta, GA 30348.
7
Gardner and Sward, Paint Testing Manual, ASTM STP 500, ASTM, 13th
edition, 1972, p. 269.
Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1640
TABLE 1 Recommended Film Thickness of Materials to be
TestedA
Material
Drying oils
Varnishes
Lacquers
Resin solutions
Enamels
Oil paints
Water paints
A
This table is a general guide to be used when nothing more specific is agreed
upon between the purchaser and the seller.
B
See 6.1.2 and 7.5.1. Add driers a minimum of 24 h before test.
90 6 5
6.65 (17)
350
0.5
22
119/32
180/250
3.0/7.0
7.4
0.6
A
All tests except this one shall be run in accordance with Test Method D 202.
All values for properties are typical values and not specification limits.
7. Procedure
7.1 When test methods or end points other than those listed
in 7.2-7.9 are used, there shall be a prior agreement between
the purchaser and the seller.
7.2 Set-To-Touch TimeTo determine set-to-touch time,
lightly touch the test film with the tip of a clean finger and
immediately place the fingertip against a piece of clean, clear
glass. Observe if any of the coating is transferred to the glass.
For the purpose of this test, the pressure of the fingertip against
the coating shall not be greater than that required to transfer a
spot of the coating from 18 to 316 in. (3 to 5 mm) in cross
8
The sole source of supply of paper Grade R2034, meeting these requirements
known to the committee at this time is the Crocker Technical Papers, Inc., 431
Westminster St., Fitchburg, MA 01420. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,
please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive
careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1 which
you may attend.
9
The standard tack tester is fully described in the U. S. Patent 2,406,989, Sept.
3, 1946.
D 1640
dry-through or dry-to-handle when there is no loosening,
detachment, wrinkling, or other evidence of distortion of the
film.
7.8 Dry-To-Recoat:
7.8.1 A film is considered dry for recoating when a second
coat or specified topcoat can be applied without the development of any film irregularities such as lifting or loss of
adhesion of the first coat, and the dry time of the second coat
does not exceed the maximum specified (if any) for the first
coat.
7.9 Print-Free Time:
D 1640
depends upon their understanding of the terms used, and is
difficult to establish with certainty. Within any laboratory, the
agreement depends upon the material being tested, some
coatings being much sharper in their end point than others, but
duplicate determinations should agree within 10 % of the time
of drying.10
10
See Prane, J. W., A Latin Square Drying Time Study, Paint Industry
Magazine (August 1961), for a study of precision of drying time measurements.
The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
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views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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