Paper-II - Physical Sciences I) Physics

Paper-II Physical Sciences
i)Physics
Length measurements using vernier, screw gauge, speedometer and optical lever
measurement of time and mass. Straight line motion and relationships among
placements, velocity and acceleration. Newton's Laws of Motion, Momentum, impulse,
work, energy and power. Coefficient of friction. Equilibrium of bodies under action of
Forces. Moment of a force, couple. Newtons Law of Gravitation. Escape velocity
Acceleration due to gravity. Mass and Weight; Centre of gravity, Uniform circular
motion, centripetal force, simple Harmonic motion. Simple pendulum. Pressure in a fluid
and its variation with depth. Pascals Law. Principle of Archimedes. Floating bodies,
atmospheric pressure and its measurement. Temperature and its measurement. Thermal
expansion, Gas laws and absolute temperature. Specific heat, latent heats and their
measurement. Specific heat of gases. Mechanical equivalent of heat. Internal energy and
First law of thermodynamics, Isothermal and adiabatic changes. Transmission of heat;
thermal conductivity. Wave motion; Longitudinal and transverse waves. Progressive and
stationary waves, Velocity of sound in gas and its dependence on various factors.
Resonance phenomena (air columns and strings). Reflection and refraction of light.
Mage formation by curved mirrors and lenses, Microscopes and telescopes. Defects of
vision. Prisms, deviation and dispersion, Minimum deviation. Visible spectrum. Field due
to a bar magnet, Magnetic moment, Elements of Earths magnetic field. Magnetometers.
Dia, para and ferromagnetism. Electric charge, electric field and potential, Coulombs
Law. Electric current; electric cells, e.m.f. resistance, ammeters and voltmeters. Ohms
law; resistances in series and parallel, specific resistance and conductivity. Heating effect
of current. Wheatstones bridge, Potentiometer. Magnetic effect of current; straight wire,
coil and solenoid electromagnet; electric bell. Force on a current-carrying conductor in
magnetic field; moving coil galvanometers; conversion to ammeter orvoltmeter.Chemical
effects of current; Primary and storage cells and their functioning, Laws of electrolysis.
Electromagnetic induction; Simple A.C. and D.C. generators. Transformers, Induction
Coil, Cathode rays, discovery of the electron, Bohr model of the atom. Diode and its use
as a rectifier. Production, properties and uses of Grays. Radioactivity; Alpha, Beta and
Gamma rays. Nuclear energy; fission and fusion, conversion of mass into energy, chain
reaction.
(ii) Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
1. Atomic structure; earlier models in brief. Atom as at three dimensional models. Orbital
concept. Quantum numbers and their significance, only elementary treatment. Paulas
Exclusion Principle. Electronic configuration. Aufbau Principle, s.p.d. and f. block
elements. Periodic classification only long form. Periodicity and electronic configuration.
Atomic radii, Electro-negativity in period and groups.
2. Chemical Bonding, electro-valent, covalent, coordinates covalent bonds. Bond
properties, sigma and Pie bonds, Shapes of simple molecules like water, hydrogen
sulphide, methane and ammonium chloride. Molecular association and hydrogen

bonding.
3. Energy changes in a chemical reaction Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
Application of First Law of Thermodynamics, Hesss Law of constant heat summation.
4. Chemical Equilibriums and rates of reactions. Law of Mass action. Effect of Pressure,
Temperature and concentration on the rates of reaction. (Qualitative treatment based on
Le Chateliers Principle). Molecularity; First and Second order reaction. Concept of
Energy of activation. Application to manufacture of Ammonia and Sulphur trioxide.
5. Solutions: True solutions, colloidal solutions and suspensions. Colligative properties of
dilute solutions and determination of Molecular weights of issolvedsubstances.Elevation
of boiling points. Depressions of freezing point, osmotic pressure. Raoults Law (no
thermodynamic treatment only).
6. Electro-Chemistry: Solution of Electrolytes, Faradays Laws of Electrolysis, ionic
equilibrium, Solubility product Strong and weak electrolytes. Acids and Bases (Lewis
and Bronstead concept). PH and Buffer solutions.
7. Oxidation Reduction; Modern, electronics concept and oxidation number.
8. Natural and Artificial Radioactivity: Nuclear Fission and Fusion. Uses of Radioactive
Isotopes. Inorganic Chemistry Brief Treatment of Elements and their industrially
important compounds:
1. Hydrogen: Position in the periodic table. Isotopes of hydrogen. Electronegative and
electropositive character. Water, hard and soft water, use of water in industries, Heavy
water and its uses.
2. Group I Elements: Manufacture of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium
bicarbonate and sodium chloride.
3. Group II Elements: Quick and slaked lime. Gypsum, Plaster of Paris. Magnesium
sulphate and Magnesia.
4. Group III Elements: Borax, Alumina and Alum.
5. Group IV Elements: Coals, Coke and solid Fuels, Silicates, Zolitis semi-conductors.
Glass (Elementary treatment).
6. Group V Elements. Manufacture of ammonia and nitric acid. Rock Phosphates and
safety matches.
7. Group VI Elements. Hydrogen peroxide, allotropy of sulphur, sculptures acid. Oxides
of sulphur.
8. Group VII Elements. Manufacture and uses of Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine,
Hydrochloric acid. Bleaching powder.
9. Group O. (Noble gases) Helium and its uses. 10. Metallurgical Processes: General
Methods of extraction of metals with specific reference to copper, iron, aluminums,
Silver, gold, zinc and lead. Common alloys of these metals; Nickel and manganese steels.
Organic Chemistry
1. Tetrahedral nature of carbon, Hybridization and sigma pie bonds and their relative
strength. Single and multiple bonds. Shapes of molecules. Geometrical and optical
somerism.
2. General methods of preparation, properties and reaction of alkenes, alkenes and
alkynes, Petroleum and its refining. Its uses as fuel. Aromatic hydrocarbons: Resonance
and aromaticity. Benzene and Naphthalene and their analogues. Aromatic substitution
reactions.
3. Halogen derivatives: Chloroform, Carbon Tetrachloride, Chlorobenzene, D.D.T. and
Gammexane.
4. Hydroxyl Compounds: Preparation, properties and uses of Primary, Secondary and
tertiary alcohols, Methanol, Ethanol, Glycerol and Phenol, Substitution reaction at
aliphatic carbon atom.
5. Ethers; Diethyl ether.
6. Aldehydes and ketenes: Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Benzaldehyde, acetone,
cetophenone.
7. Nitro compounds amines: Nitrobenzene TNT, Aniline, Diazonium Compounds,
Azodyes.
8. Carboxylic acid: Formic, acetic, benzoic and salicylic acids, acetyl salicylic acid.
9. Esters: Ethyl cerate, Methyl calculates ethyl benzoate.
10. Polymers: Polythene, Teflon, Perplex, Artificial Rubber, Nylon and Polyester fibers.
11. Nonstructural treatment of Carbohydrates, Fats and Lipids, amino acids and proteins Vitamins and hormones.

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Paper-II Physical Sciences

sulphide, methane and ammonium chloride. Molecular association and hydrogen

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