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Chapter 3
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology
This chapter discusses the method and the procedures that dictate the conduct of this
study. It w i l l include the method of the research to be used, comprehensive description of
the research design, respondents of the study, sample and sampling techniques, the instrument
and techniques to be used, validation of the instruments, data gathering procedures and the
statistical treatment that will be applied on the gathered data.
Research Design
We, the researchers will decide to use the descriptive type of research in this
study. Descriptive research w i l l d e s c r i b e the data and characteristics about the population
or phenomena being studied. It will be also the gathering and presentation of the statement of
facts.
Through descriptive method of research, the researchers will answer the problems and objectives
that will be stated at the beginning of the study. The study w i l l entitled AN ASSESSMENT
OF THE QUALITY OF FOOD AND SERVICE OFMAXS RESTAURANT MALATE
BRANCH
Utilized a descriptive research design, the focus of which was to obtain respondentsrespondents perception as regards to the effect of food promotion.
Ethical Considerations
The researchers will recognize the importance of ethics when conducting a research. For
this reason, the researchers will adhere to ethical practices by keeping confidential the
information gathered from the company and the respondents. The researchers will also respect
the answers and information that will be revealed by the respondents of the survey questionnaire.
N
1+Ne 2
where:
N
= Population
= Sample
= Margin of Error at 5%
From the result of sampling computation, sample respondents from the customers of
Maxs Restaurant were drawn randomly.
Questionnaires
This will be a primary research instrument that will be used by the researchers in
gathering data which will be constructed to gather facts and information regarding the study.
Data will be collected by giving the structured questionnaires to the respondents. In order to
make the questionnaire stand for its validity and reliability, the researchers will conduct a
pretest to the respondents, and other concerned persons.
Unstructured Interview
This will be used by the researchers to clarify items given by the respondents. The
researchers will use personal interview.
Personal Interview can be done by one on one basis wherein questions will be personally
asked by the researchers to a respondent for the clarifications or for better
understanding of the researchers to the answer of the respondents to the questionnaire.
Statistic Tools
The researchers will use different statistical tools in providing a systematic way of
organizing the analyzing data that will be gathered in order to answer the questions depictive
in the study.
The statistical tools that will be used are the following.
1. Percentage
It showed the relationship of the part to its whole. Researchers will use this statistical tool
to transform proportion to a percent by multiplying it to 100.
The formula would be:
%=
Where:
f
n
x 100
= percentage
= frequency
2. Weighted Mean
The researchers will use it to measure the central tendency using the
frequency distribution and also to measure the evaluation of the respondents
in the
questionnaire. The formula would be:
fx
X=
N
Where:
X
Weight mean
Frequency
Scale Rate
fx
The obtained mean values were interpreted using the Lickert scale as shown below:
Mean Matrix
Scale Value
Mean Range
Interpretation
4.51 5.00
Great Extent
3.51 4.50
Moderate Extent
2.51 3.50
Average Extent
1.51 2.50
Little Extent
1.00 1.50
No Extent
3. Standard Deviation
The researchers will use this because it is the most commonly used indicator of the
degree of the dispersion and the most dependable measure to estimate the variability in
a total population from which the sample came. The formula used will be:
SD=
( Xx ) 2
N 1
Where:
SD
= Standard Deviation
= Score
= Arithmetic Mean
mean
( X x )
4. T Test
The t-test for independent sample was used to determine whether or not Maxs Restaurant
food and service is effective in influencing and attracting consumers to patronize their
products?
The formula to be used is as follows:
t=
X 1X 2
( n11 )( s 1 ) 2 1
1
+
n 1+ n 22
n1 n 2
)(
Where:
X1
X2
s1
s2
n1
n2
Decision Criteria
The formulated hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significance. It will imply that
the decision is 95% right. The decision whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis was
made using the following criteria:
1. Accept the null hypothesis if the computed value is less than the tabular value.
2. Reject the null hypothesis if the computed value is equal to or greater than the tabular
value.