Market Outlook Russ Taylor

Global Lumber
Supply Dynamics
& North America
Outlook
PwC Global Paper & Forest Industry Conference
Vancouver, BC May 11, 2011
By: Russell Taylor
Introduction to:
International WOOD MARKETS Group
We are wood products industry consultants and we
assist companies around the world to develop
operational, marketing & business strategies.
We are known as global market & industry
experts/analysts on timber, lumber, panels & many
millwork products sold in the U.S. market & key
export markets.
We produce Multi-Client Reports: Europe & Russia;

Clearwood Pine; Global Lumber Benchmarking;
The China Book; WOOD Markets 2000, 2002, 2006,
2010; & the WOOD Markets Monthly Report
2
WOOD Markets Multi-Client Reports
Presentation Outline:
1. Global Trends
2. China Impact on BC Industry
3. Other Asian Market Impacts
4. Mountain Pine Beetle Impact on BC Industry

5. Canada (& US) Outlook: 2011-2015
6. Summary
1. Global Timber & Lumber Supply

Issues
The biggest wildcards impacting markets:
Short Term to Mid Term Demand (2011-2013):
U.S. housing starts to a normal 1.5 million units when?

Slow & steady growth expected in U.S. market.
EU (global) debt crisis (and other emerging crises?).
Chinas supply shortage (emerging gap vs. demand).
Rising demand in Middle East & North Africa markets
Japan rebuilding after the earthquake & tsunami
Other Asian markets steady demand (Korea, Taiwan)
Other wildcards: Markets in India, Other Asia, etc.
Conclusion: Rising demand, strong at times and then it will
soar!
5
Global Timber & Lumber Supply Issues

The biggest wildcards impacting markets:
Mid to Longer Term Supply (2011+):
Chinas ongoing timber supply gap and need for imports
Russia log export tax: WTO & going from 25% to 12.5%?
Role of Timberland Investment Management Organizations
(TIMO) in the U.S., New Zealand and other markets
Rising sawlog and low grade log prices in Europe
BC mountain pine beetle (and its expansion east).
Quebec (2nd largest region in Canada) 25% reductions in
timber supply + 10% further reduction expected by 2013.
US/global timber lumber supply gap looming by 2015?
Other wildcards: Sawmill competitiveness between regions
and in export markets.
6 Ocean freight rates & currency fluctuations
2. China: Key Growth Trends & Issues

Economic Growth & Wood Products Demand:
Strong economic growth in China = has rebounded
quickly and strongly since early 2009 and is
expected to continue at ~9%.
Chinas domestic wood products demand growing
at about 9-10% per year and this huge growth trend
is forecast to continue to at least 2015 (Source:
WOOD MARKETS The China Book).
China consumes about 75-85+% of its domestic
production, so the GDP growth and wood products
growth are tied closely.
But China is RAW MATERIAL CONSTRAINED!
7
China: Softwood Log Imports

China: Softwood Log Imports by Major Country
24,000
20,000
Others
x000 m3
16,000
Canada
USA
12,000
Australia
8,000
NZ
Russia
4,000
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
Source: CC:
Forecast:
WOOD
MARKETS
Russia still dominates, but NZ, US & Canada exports rising
Global
Sawnwood/
Lumber
Benchmarking
Report:
2008 Costs
Excerpts
related to
Chinese costs
2011 Report:
Out in May
2011
9
Global Lumber Cost Benchmarking

Global Benchmarking: Countries Surveyed
USA:
1. USA South West
2. USA South Central
3. USA South East
4. USA West Oregon
5. USA West Washington
6. USA West Inland
Canada:
7. Canada BC Coast
8. Canada BC Interior
9. Canada Prairies
10. Canada East Ontario
11. Canada East Quebec
12. Canada East Atlantic
10
Europe:
13. South Sweden
14. Finland
Europe (cont)
15. Estonia
16. Latvia
17. Lithuania
18. Czech Republic
19. Austria
20. Germany
21. Russia: West
22. Russia: Siberia
23. Russia: Far East
So. Hemisphere:
24. Australia
25. New Zealand
26. Chile
27. Brazil
28. South Africa
29. China
China = Highest Delivered Log Costs

Global Delivered Log Costs - Average Mill 2008
Total
Delivered
Log Costs
Sc
st
Co
a
hi
n
C
B
:S
da
PF
SA
U
an
a
C
an
/
he
em
is
p
So
.H
11
W
.E
C
.E
ur
op
ur
op
e
e/
B
al
tic
s
R
us
si
a*
Global Avg
Delv'd Log
Cost
re
US$/Net m3 - Lumber Basis
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Intn'l WOOD
MARKETS Group
/ Pw C / Beck; Copyrirhgted
by Intn'l WOOD Markets
Group *Logs at Cost
China = strong log demand + imports = high prices
Chinas Lumber Imports = Soaring

China: Lumber Imports by Country
15,000
Thousand m3
12,000
Others
9,000
New Zealand
USA
6,000
Canada
Russia
3,000
Source: CC
2006
12
2007
2008
2009
2010
Canadian softwood lumber has overtaken Russia
China: Raw Material Gap

Chinas total wood demand:
Is expected to grow from 250 million m3 in 2010 to
350 million m3 by 2015 (a conservative 8% per year).
The projected wood deficit (or the role of imports)
is expected to grow from 100 million m3 to 150
million m3 Roundwood Equivalent (10% per year).
However, Chinese industry forecasts indicate that
Chinas wood demand should grow more at a rate of
10-15% per year to 2015, so the import gap could be
up to double what is currently forecast.
Where will the additional (100-200) million m3
(RWE) of imports come from over the next 5 years??
13
Chinas Fibre Deficit = Huge!

China Fibre Deficit
400
Million m3 (RWE)
350
300
Demand
250
Supply
200
150
Gap
(Imports)
100
50
0
2010
2015
Source: CNDRC &

Chinese Society
of Forestry
Chinas demand is growing at 8-10% per year = requires

huge raw material supplies to be sustained!
14
China future = tied to plantation forests but there is a gap
RUSSIA: Timber Export Tax

For softwood logs, the tax has risen:
from 6.5% to 20% (euro 10/m3) in July 2007.
to 25% (euro 15/m3) in April 2008.
to 80% (euro 50/m3) in Jan. 2012 - DELAYED
For hardwood saw/veneer logs, the export tax is
already at euro 100/m3.
For birch pulpwood, the tax has been delayed.
Now the Russian log export tax may reduced by
50% to 67% after Russia joins WTO = an unknown
Russian log prices have been driven higher and
this has caused the Chinese industry to look for
new log and lumber suppliers to fill the gap.
15
Domestic & Imported Lumber Prices Up
16
The timber supply gap is increasing lumber prices (in US$);

Source: WOOD MARKETS Monthly China Bulletin
Chinese Prices Look Better to NA Mills..

Delivered Softwood Lumber: US vs China - Quarterly Prices
$350
$325
US$/m3 - net .
$300
$275
$250
USA: BC W-SPF #2&Btr,
2x4 D'lvd Chicago
$225
$200
CHINA: SPF/Hem-Fir,
Green, #3 & Btr 1-7/8x412 C&F
$175
$150
$125
$100
2003
17
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: WOOD Markets
BC, Oregon, Washington mills now running for China

as it is possible to make money selling to China!
China Impact on U.S. PNW Sawmills

Logs are critical to Chinas employment levels,
GDP growth and (JIT) supply chain, so more logs
will be imported from the U.S., Canada, NZ, etc.
Russia log supply is a wildcard due to number of
political issues.
China is able to match or outbid US PNW mills for
logs at todays U.S. lumber prices. Current US PNW
log price is about $100/m3 ($650/Mbf Scribner) or
about $165-$175/m3 cif China port. Chinese mills are
still profitable at this log price.
Continuing pressure expected to continue on PNW
log supply & prices, as Chinas sawmilling industry
is hungry for increased log supply!
18
Comparison of Logs processed in U.S.

PNW vs. China Sawmills
US PNW Logs: Domestic Mills vs Logs Processed in China
COST CATEGORY
Log Cost - US$/Mbf - Scribner
Log Conversion - Scribner to m3
Log Cost - US$/m3
Ocean & Inland Freight Costs
Port and Handling Costs (both sides)
Total Delivered Log Costs - US$/m3
Total Delivered Log Costs
Sawmill Recovery - Logs to Lumber
Labour costs
Other cash conversion costs
Total Costs
Average By-Product Revenue
Average Lumber Revenue
EBITDA Margin
EBITDA Margin
US WEST COAST
SAWMILL
650
6.5
100
100
CHINA SAWMILL
(Imported US Logs)
650
6.5
100
55
30
185
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
SUBSTANTIAL LOSS
Source: WOOD MARKETS - Global Timber / Sawmill / Lumber

Cost Benchmarking Report 2011 - release date: June
19
ADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE
MODEST GAIN
WOOD MARKETS
China Bulletin
Monthly Since 2007
Featuring:
Industry Trends &
Analysis, Statistics
+
Import/Domestic Log,
Lumber & Panel
Prices
20
The 5-year outlook; or monthly log/lumber prices/updates
WOOD MARKETS: 2 Conferences:

VANCOUVER BC
May 9 2012:
China International
SOFTWOOD Log &
Lumber Trade
Conference
May 9, 2012
Tianjin, China
September 15-16
Plus: Optional 3-Day
Tour of Log Ports, Mills
and Distribution (Sept.
12-14)
21
May 9, 2012
CHINA
Sept. 12-15:
2. Other Asian Market Impacts

South Korea
Steady to increasing demand for logs and
lumber.
Japan
Rebuilding will increase demand for logs and
lumber in 2012.
India, Middle East, North Africa
Increasing demand but higher freight rates.
Australia
New demand to rebuild flood damage.
Outlook:
Strong demand drivers in Asia.
22
3. BC Interior:
Mountain Pine
Beetle Attack
Report
Forecast:
to 2028
The future of BCs
harvest and wood
products production
produced by:
Jim Girvan
Murray Hall
Russ Taylor
Gerry Van Leeuwen
23
Released: Late
March 2010
BC Mountain Pine Beetle

The mountain pine beetle damage:
~ 675 million m3 dead in 2009 (50% of
total BC pine) & 16.3 million hectares;
= 14x B.C. Interiors annual harvest.
Likely will peak by killing 900 million
m3 by 2022 = 70% of B.C.s total pine &
reducing the log harvest & sawnwood
output by 20-30% of historical levels.
Is now in ALBERTA and is moving east
The MPB = some impact on structural
lumber properties (MSR now an issue),
but looks different - blue stain & checking
= problem for Japan (and some US) sales.
24
BC Interior: Lumber & MPB

BC Interior Lumber Production:
Possible Outlook Scenarios
16
14
BC Interior
Historic
MPB
Report
Low
Billion Bf
12
10
8
6
Medium
High
2
0
80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20
Source: StatsCan; WOOD MARKETS; BC Fibre Model
25
Declining lumber production forecast after 2014/15
4. Canada
(& US) Lumber
Outlook:
2011-2015
Excerpts from
our latest 5year forecast
Outlook for Lumber &

Panel Products
26
Released:
Dec 2010
US Lumber Prices = Below Normal

W-SPF Lumber: Annual Prices
$400
$350
US $/Mbf
$300
$250
$200
$150
Source: Random Lengths
$100
81
83
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
SPF Western 2x4 KD #2 & Btr* R/L US$/Mbf FOB**

27
Need US $250+/Mbf for profitable operations at average mill
10
US & Canada Sawmill Operating Rates

US & Canada Sawmill Operating Rates
% Capacity Utilization
100%
90%
80%
70%
U.S.
60%
Canada
50%
28
11 09
YT
D
07
05
03
01
99
97
95
40%
Source: WWPA/
WOOD MARKETS
Need 80+% operating rates for stronger prices!
US & Canada Housing Market: Forecast

US & Canada Housing Starts
2,100
1,800
x000 Units
1,500
US
1,200
Canada
900
600
300
Source:
CMHC;
Forecast:
0
80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14
29
WOOD Markets
Gradually accelerating growth, but 2011 probably flat vs. 2010
BC Lumber Exports to China = Soar

Canada Offshore Lumber Exports
6,000
5,500
5,000
4,500
Million Bf
4,000
Other
China
Japan
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
Source:
COFI;
Forecast:
WOOD
Markets
500
0
90
30
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
Huge upside for BC lumber in China until US market soars
NA Wood Products Consumption: Up!

North America Lumber & Panel Consumption
80,000
70,000
Million Bf or Sf
60,000
50,000
NA Lumber
40,000
NA OSB
NA Plywood
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
31
OSB will rebound to its 2006 highs by 2015; Not lumber
Source:
WOOD MARKETS
OSB Operating Rates to Lag Lumber

U.S. & Canada OSB Capacity
32,000
Canada
Capacity
28,000
24,000
Million SF
US Capacity
20,000
16,000
Canada &
US Prod'n
12,000
8,000
Capacity
Curtailments
& Closures
4,000
0
93
32
95
97
99
01
03
05
07
09
11
No China factor with OSB; too much installed capacity!
Source:
WOOD Markets
US Lumber Outlook to 2015

USA Lumber Supply & Demand
70,000
60,000
60,000
50,000
50,000
Million Bf
70,000
40,000
40,000
Imports
30,000
30,000
Shipments
20,000
20,000
Exports
Consumption
10,000
10,000
0
90
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
Based on the US demand outlook, output + imports rise

33
Source: WWPA;
Forecast:
WOOD Markets
Potential Scenario 2020 = Lumber Gap

USA Lumber Supply & Demand
70,000
70,000
60,000
60,000
Other
Million Bf
50,000
50,000
40,000
40,000
30,000
30,000
Europe
(Nominal BF)
Canada
Shipments
Exports
20,000
20,000
Consumption
10,000
10,000
0
90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20
Source: WWPA;
Forecast:
WOOD Markets
Gap will require higher prices for logs, imported lumber, etc.
34
5. US Prices to Soar by 2013-14

W-SPF & Composite Lumber Price Forecast
$450
$400
US $/Mbf
$350
$300
Composite
US$/Mbf
$250
$200
SPF Western 2x4

KD #2 & Btr* R/L
US$/Mbf FOB**
$150
Source: Random Lengths;

Forecast: WOOD Markets
$100
81 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09 11 13 15
35
W-SPF Prices to spike as high as US$500/Mbf in 2014
North America Lumber Outlook

Slow recovery in new residential housing market
Tightening timber supplies:
BC, Quebec, role of TIMOs = tighter supply
Increased demand for logs in China, Asia
Increased lumber demand:
Slowly in North America as new residential
housing market slowly rebounds
High export demand in China = to continue
Increasing in Asia, Middle East, North Africa
U.S. demand will start to outstrip supply ~2014
Reduced sawmill capacity in the US and Canada
36Higher and very strong prices forecast!
Thank You!
Russell Taylor
RPF, MBA
President
International WOOD MARKETS Group Inc.

Vancouver, B.C., Canada
Suite 603 55 E. Cordova Street
Vancouver, BC V6A 0A5
Tel: (604) 801-5996 / Fax: (604) 801-5997
Email: [email protected]
www.woodmarkets.com

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Market Outlook Russ Taylor

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Global Lumber

We produce Multi-Client Reports: Europe & Russia;

WOOD Markets Multi-Client Reports

4. Mountain Pine Beetle Impact on BC Industry

1. Global Timber & Lumber Supply

U.S. housing starts to a normal 1.5 million units when?

Global Timber & Lumber Supply Issues

2. China: Key Growth Trends & Issues

China: Softwood Log Imports

Russia still dominates, but NZ, US & Canada exports rising

Global Lumber Cost Benchmarking

China = Highest Delivered Log Costs

US$/Net m3 - Lumber Basis

China = strong log demand + imports = high prices

Chinas Lumber Imports = Soaring

Canadian softwood lumber has overtaken Russia

China: Raw Material Gap

Chinas Fibre Deficit = Huge!

Source: CNDRC &

Chinas demand is growing at 8-10% per year = requires

China future = tied to plantation forests but there is a gap

RUSSIA: Timber Export Tax

Domestic & Imported Lumber Prices Up

The timber supply gap is increasing lumber prices (in US$);

Chinese Prices Look Better to NA Mills..

Source: WOOD Markets

BC, Oregon, Washington mills now running for China

China Impact on U.S. PNW Sawmills

Comparison of Logs processed in U.S.

Source: WOOD MARKETS - Global Timber / Sawmill / Lumber

The 5-year outlook; or monthly log/lumber prices/updates

WOOD MARKETS: 2 Conferences:

2. Other Asian Market Impacts

BC Mountain Pine Beetle

BC Interior: Lumber & MPB

Declining lumber production forecast after 2014/15

Outlook for Lumber &

US Lumber Prices = Below Normal

SPF Western 2x4 KD #2 & Btr* R/L US$/Mbf FOB**

Need US $250+/Mbf for profitable operations at average mill

US & Canada Sawmill Operating Rates

Need 80+% operating rates for stronger prices!

US & Canada Housing Market: Forecast

Gradually accelerating growth, but 2011 probably flat vs. 2010

BC Lumber Exports to China = Soar

Huge upside for BC lumber in China until US market soars

NA Wood Products Consumption: Up!

OSB will rebound to its 2006 highs by 2015; Not lumber

OSB Operating Rates to Lag Lumber

No China factor with OSB; too much installed capacity!

US Lumber Outlook to 2015

Based on the US demand outlook, output + imports rise

Potential Scenario 2020 = Lumber Gap

5. US Prices to Soar by 2013-14

SPF Western 2x4

Source: Random Lengths;

W-SPF Prices to spike as high as US$500/Mbf in 2014

North America Lumber Outlook

International WOOD MARKETS Group Inc.

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