Swami Vivekananda: Shāmi Bibekānondo

Swami Vivekananda
(Bengali: Shmi Bibeknondo; 12 January 1863 4 July 1902),

born Narendra Nath Datta was an Indian Hindu monk and chief
disciple of the 19th-century saint Ramakrishna. He was a key
figure in the introduction of the Indian philosophies of Vedanta
and Yoga to the Western world and is credited with raising
interfaith awareness, bringing Hinduism to the status of a major
world religion during the late 19th century. He was a major
force in the revival of Hinduism in India, and contributed to the
concept of nationalism in colonial India. Vivekananda founded
the Ramakrishna Math and the Ramakrishna Mission.He is perhaps best
known for his inspiring speech which began, "Sisters and
brothers of America ...," in which he introduced Hinduism at
the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago in 1893.
Born into an aristocratic Bengali family of Calcutta, Vivekananda
was inclined towards spirituality. He was influenced by his
guru, Ramakrishna, from whom he learnt that all living beings
were an embodiment of the divine self; therefore, service to
God could be rendered by service to mankind. After
Ramakrishna's death, Vivekananda toured the Indian subcontinent
extensively and acquired first-hand knowledge of the conditions
prevailing in British India. He later travelled to the United
States, representing India at the 1893 Parliament of the World
Religions. Vivekananda conducted hundreds of public and private
lectures and classes, disseminating tenets of Hindu philosophy in
the United States, England and Europe. In India, Vivekananda is
regarded as a patriotic saint and his birthday is celebrated there as
National Youth Day.
Sarojini Naidu
(born as Sarojini Chattopadhyay), also known by the sobriquet as The
Nightingale of India,was an Indian independence activist and poet. Naidu
served as the first governor of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh from
1947 to 1949; the first woman to become the governor of an Indian
state.[3] She was the second woman to become the president of the
Indian National Congress in 1925 and the first Indian woman to do so.
Born
Sarojini Chattopadhyay
13 February 1879
Hyderabad , Hyderabad State ,
British India
Died
2 March 1949 (aged 70)

Lucknow , United Provinces ,
Indian Union
Alma mater King's College London (1895
1898); Girton College ,
Cambridge ; University of
Madras
Occupation Poet, politician

Title
Governor of the
United
Provinces of Agra and Oudh
Term
15 August 1947 2 March

1949
Predecesso
r
Successor
Political
party
Movement
Spouse(s)
Francis Verner Wylie
Children
Parents
Hormasji Peroshaw Mody

Indian National Congress
Indian independence movement
Govindarajulu
Naidu
(18981949)
Padmaja and four others
Aghore
Nath
Chattopadhyay,
Barada
Sundari Debi
Relatives
Harindranath Chattopadhyay ,
Virendranath Chattopadhyay
Early life
Sarojini Naidu was born in Hyderabad to Aghore Nath Chattopadhyay and
Barada Sundari Debi on 13 February 1879. Her father, with a doctorate
of Science from Edinburgh University , settled in Hyderabad, where he
found and administered the Hyderabad College, which later became the
Nizam's College in Hyderabad. Her mother was a poetess and used to
write poetry in Bengali. She was the eldest among the eight siblings.
Her brother Virendranath Chattopadhyaya was a revolutionary and her other
brother, Harindranath was a poet, a dramatist, and an actor.
Naidu passed her matriculation examination from the University of Madras ,
but she took four years' break from her studies. In 1895, the "Nizam
scholarship Trust" founded by the 6th Nizam Mir Mahbub Ali Khan,
gave her the chance to study in England first at King's College London
and later at Girton College, Cambridge .
Naidu met Govindarajulu Naidu, a doctor by profession, and at the age
of 19, after finishing her studies, she got married to him. At that
time, inter-caste marriages were not allowed, but her father approved
the marriage.
The couple had five children. Her daughter Padmaja
Governor of West Bengal .
became the
Political career
Sarojini Naidu (extreme right) with Mahatma Gandhi
during Salt
Satyagraha, 1930
Naidu joined the Indian national movement in the wake of partition of Bengal in
1905 . She came into contact with Gopal Krishna Gokhale , Rabindranath Tagore
, Muhammad Ali Jinnah , Annie Besant , C. P. Ramaswami Iyer , Mahatma Gandhi
and Jawaharlal Nehru
Sarojini Naidu died of a heart attack while working in her office in

Lucknow on 2 March (Wednesday), 1949.
She is commemorated through the naming of several institutions
including the Sarojini Naidu College for Women , Sarojini Naidu Medical College ,
Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital and Sarojini Naidu School of Arts and Communication ,
University of Hyderabad .
Discipline
In its natural sense, discipline is systematic instruction intended
to train a person, sometimes literally called a disciple , in a craft,
trade or other activity, or to follow a particular code of conduct or
"order ". Often, the phrase "to discipline" carries a negative
connotation. This is the case because enforcement of order is often
regulated through the threat of punishment
to ensure given
instructions are carried out.
Discipline is the assertion of willpower over more base desires, and
is usually understood to be synonymous with self control . Selfdiscipline is to some extent a substitute for motivation , when one
uses reason to determine the best course of action that opposes one's
desires. Virtuous behavior is when one's motivations are aligned with
one's reasoned aims: to do what one knows is best and to do it
gladly. Continent behavior, on the other hand, is when one does what
one knows is best, but must do it by opposing one's motivations.
Moving from continent to virtuous behavior requires training and some
self-discipline.
School discipline
School discipline is the system of rules, punishments ,
behavioral strategies appropriate to the regulation
and
Indias
System
of
Controls
over
Exports
of
Strategic Goods and Technology
India has been exercising control over the export of
material, equipment and technology of direct and indirect

application to Weapons of Mass Destruction and the means of
their delivery. In fact, the first control over exports of
such materials was affected in 1947 in the context of control
on export of Monazite and Thorium Nitrate. India's first
Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru set out the basis for
future controls over strategic exports by noting at the time
that the export was "not merely a financial matter. It has
international implications.It is desirable for the
Government of India to prohibit the export of monazite and
thorium nitrate from India (and) this would mean that any
export would be in accordance with the explicit permission of
the Government of India and subject to the conditions laid
down".
India's
scientific,
technological
and
industrial
capabilities have matured to a stage where India is now a

user and producer of a range of dual-use materials, equipment
and technologies. This maturation calls upon India to extend
itself further as a responsible member of the international

community with regard to uncontrolled proliferation of these
dual-use products and technologies. India has therefore
instituted a domestic regime to prevent the illegal export of
dual-purpose items and technologies through the creation of
laws and an inter-departmental administrative mechanism.
Cleanliness
Cleanliness is both the abstract state of being clean and free from
dirt , and the process of achieving and maintaining that state.
Cleanliness may be endowed with a moral quality, as indicated by the
aphorism "cleanliness is next to godliness ," and may be regarded as
contributing to other ideals such as health and beauty .
In emphasizing an ongoing procedure or set of habits for the purpose
of maintenance and prevention, the concept of cleanliness differs
from purity , which is a physical, moral, or ritual state of freedom
from pollutants. Whereas purity is usually a quality of an individual
or substance, cleanliness has a social dimension, or implies a system
of interactions. "Cleanliness," observed Jacob Burckhardt , "is
indispensable to our modern notion of social perfection." A household

or workplace may be said to exhibit cleanliness, but not ordinarily
purity; cleanliness also would be a characteristic of the people who
maintain cleanness or prevent dirtying.
On a practical level, cleanliness is thus related to hygiene and
disease prevention. Washing is one way of achieving physical
cleanliness, usually with water and often some kind of soap or
detergent . Procedures of cleanliness are of utmost importance in many
forms of manufacturing.
As an assertion of moral superiority or respectability, cleanliness
has played a role in establishing cultural values in relation to social
class , humanitarianism , and cultural imperialism .

Swami Vivekananda: Shāmi Bibekānondo

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Swami Vivekananda: Shāmi Bibekānondo

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Swami Vivekananda

(Bengali: Shmi Bibeknondo; 12 January 1863 4 July 1902),

2 March 1949 (aged 70)

Occupation Poet, politician

15 August 1947 2 March

Francis Verner Wylie

Hormasji Peroshaw Mody

Sarojini Naidu died of a heart attack while working in her office in

Strategic Goods and Technology

India has been exercising control over the export of

material, equipment and technology of direct and indirect

capabilities have matured to a stage where India is now a

itself further as a responsible member of the international

indispensable to our modern notion of social perfection." A household

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