Immisciblesolvents
Immisciblesolvents
V.O.L.Tabell
Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
University of the Philippines, Diliman
[email protected]
Abstract
This paper discusses the significance of determining the distribution of a solute between
immiscible solvents. Using water and diethyl ether as solvents and acetic acid as the solute,
the experiment showed the effects of the varying concentrations of the solute to the
distribution coefficient of the mixture. Titration using NaOH to compute the concentration of
HOAc in the mixture showed results that sufficiently explained the theoretical equations
formulated prior to the experiment. Although there were some errors as seen in the
distribution coefficient computed from the 2.0N solution and in the computed n value from the
logarithmic plot of the solute concentrations, which was inferred to be due to over titration.
Moreover, the experiment introduces the concept behind the extraction technique used in
many fields in the industry today.
1. Introduction
Studies are made of the equilibrium distributions
of a solute between two immiscible solvents
because such experiments give evidence of
association or dissociation of the solute in one of
the phases [1].
The extraction technique is based on the fact that
if a substance is insoluble to some extent in two
immiscible liquids, it can be transferred from one
liquid to the other by shaking it together with the
two liquids [2]. When two liquid phases are in
equilibrium with each other, a dissolved substance
will distribute itself between the two according to a
definite equilibrium [1].
This provides information as to the nature of
complex ions and their dissociation constants.
KC
Ci
Ci
(Equation 1)
KC
C i
(Equation 2)
2. Methodology
and
2.0N
Water
1.92M HOAc
diethyl ether
1.275M HOAc
and
0.28933
1.0N
0.28992
2.0N
0.664063
Water
1.3825M HOAc
diethyl ether
0.4M HOAc
Water
2.36M HOAc
diethyl ether
0.6825M HOAc
1.0N
log( Ci )
log( Ci )
0.5N
0.140665
-0.39794
1.0N
0.372912
-0.1659
2.0N
0.283301
0.10551
4. Conclusion
References
[1] "Distribution of a Solute between Immiscible
Solvents." Metallurgical
Engineering
18
Laboratory Manual. (2012)
[2] Pahlavan, . "Determination of Distribution
Coefficient." . N.p.. Web. 17 Dec 2012.
<https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:H
XenU70L_50J:swc2.hccs.edu/pahlavan/>.
[3] Lamanilao, Juphil. "Distribution of a Solute
between Immiscible Solvents." . N.p.. Web. 17 Dec
2012.
<http://www.slideshare.net/jeufier/distribution-ofa-solute-between-immiscible-solvents>.
Appendix
Sample Calculations
i.
Concentration of Solute(HOAc)
C = (27.65mL NaOH) x
(0.5mmol NaOH/ mL NaOH) x
(1mmol HOAc/1mmol NaOH) x
(1/ 10mL HOAc)
C = 1.3825 M HOAc
ii.
Distribution Coefficient
KC
Ci
Ci
Kc = 0.4M / 1.3825M
Kc = 0.28933